ACE INHIBITORS

GENERIC NAME, BRAND NAME , DRUG CLASSIFICATION ROUTE/ TIMING/ FREQUENCY/ DOSE

oral tablets in 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Benazepril strength. It should be taken once or
BRAND NAME-LOTENSIN twice a day at consistent times, and
DRUG CLASSIFICATION - ACE INHIBITORS patients can take it with or without
food.

CAPTOPRIL
BRAND NAME - (Capoten) 50–100 mg 2 times/day
ENALAPRIL 5–40 mg/day in 1–2 divided doses

FOSINOPRIL 10–80 mg once/d or divided bid

LISINOPRIL 10–40 mg once/d

QUINAPRIL 10–80 mg once/d or divided bid

RAMIPRIL 2.5–20 mg once/d or divided bid

Angiotensin receptor blockers

GENERIC NAME, BRAND NAME , DRUG CLASSIFICATION ROUTE/ TIMING/ FREQUENCY/ DOSE

Azilsartan (Edarbi)
Candesartan (Atacand)
Eprosartan (Teveten)
Irbesartan (Avapro)
Losartan (Cozaar)
Olmesartan (Benicar)

Valsartan (Diovan)
DIURETICS
GENERIC NAME, BRAND NAME , DRUG CLASSIFICATION ROUTE/ TIMING/ FREQUENCY/ DOSE

Chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril)

NITRATES
GENERIC NAME, BRAND NAME , DRUG CLASSIFICATION ROUTE/ TIMING/ FREQUENCY/ DOSE

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

GENERIC NAME, BRAND NAME , DRUG CLASSIFICATION ROUTE/ TIMING/ FREQUENCY/ DOSE

Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Diltiazem CD (Cardizem CD)
Felodipine (Plendil)
Nifedipine XL (Adalat CC, Procardia XL)
Verapamil SR (Calan SR)
BETA BLOCKERS
GENERIC NAME, BRAND NAME , DRUG CLASSIFICATION ROUTE/ TIMING/ FREQUENCY/ DOSE

Atenolol (Tenormin)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
Carvedilol (Coreg, Coreg CR)
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Metoprolol XL (Toprol XL)

nebivolol (Bystolic)

VASODILATORS
GENERIC NAME, BRAND NAME , DRUG CLASSIFICATION ROUTE/ TIMING/ FREQUENCY/ DOSE
 MECHANICS OF ACTION INDICATIONS

Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors block the conversion
of angiotensin I to the Benazepril lowers blood
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. ACE pressure, reducing the risk of
inhibitors also prevent the nonfatal and fatal
degradation of bradykinin and other cardiovascular events,
vasodilatory prostaglandins. ACE primarily myocardial
inhibitors also ↑ plasma renin levels infarctions and strokes.
and ↓ aldosterone levels. Net result
is systemic vasodilation.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors block the conversion
of angiotensin I to the
prescribed for treating high
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. ACE blood pressure, heart failure,
inhibitors also prevent the
and for preventing kidney
degradation of bradykinin and other
failure due to high blood
vasodilatory prostaglandins. ACE
pressure and diabetes.
inhibitors also ↑ plasma renin levels
and ↓ aldosterone levels. Net result
is systemic vasodilation.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors block the conversion
of angiotensin I to the
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. ACE
inhibitors also prevent the
degradation of bradykinin and other
vasodilatory prostaglandins. ACE
inhibitors also ↑ plasma renin levels
and ↓ aldosterone levels. Net result
is systemic vasodilation.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors block the conversion
of angiotensin I to the
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. ACE
inhibitors also prevent the
degradation of bradykinin and other
vasodilatory prostaglandins. ACE
inhibitors also ↑ plasma renin levels
and ↓ aldosterone levels. Net result
is systemic vasodilation.

MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS

Angiotensin receptor blockers: Block

vasoconstrictor effects of
angiotensin II by
blocking the binding of angiotensin
II to AT1 receptors in vascular
smooth
muscle, helping blood vessels to
relax and reduce B/P.
Angiotensin receptor blockers: Block
vasoconstrictor effects of
angiotensin II by
blocking the binding of angiotensin
II to AT1 receptors in vascular
smooth
muscle, helping blood vessels to
relax and reduce B/P.

MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS

Diuretics: Inhibit sodium (Na)

reabsorption, increasing excretion of
Na and
water. Reduce plasma, extracellular
fluid volume, and peripheral
vascular
resistance.

MECHANIS OF ACTION INDICATIONS

MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS

Reduce B/P by inhibiting flow of

extracellular
calcium across cell membranes of
vascular tissue, relaxing arterial
smooth
muscle.
 Reduce B/P by inhibiting flow of
extracellular
calcium across cell membranes of
vascular tissue, relaxing arterial
smooth
muscle.

MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS

Decrease B/P by inhibiting beta1

adrenergic receptors, which
lowers heart rate, heart workload,
and the heart’s output of blood.

MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS

Directly relax arteriolar smooth

muscle, decreasing vascular
resistance. Exact mechanism
unknown
 CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS

Benazepril should not be used when there is a history of

hypersensitivity to benazepril or any other ACE inhibitor.
Benazepril is contraindicated in patients with prior history of
angioedema or a history of angioedema caused by ACE inhibitors. POSTURAL DIZZINESS,
Do not use benazepril when the patients used valsartan or sacubitril HEADACHE , COUGH
within the last 36 hours.
Do not use benazepril when patients with diabetes are treated with
aliskiren.

Hypersensitivity to ACE inhibitors

Anuria
History of ACEI-induced angioedema
Hereditary or idiopathic angioedema
Rash, cough,
Bilateral renal artery stenosis
hyperkalemia
Pregnancy (2nd and 3rd trimesters): Significant risk of fetal/neonatal
morbidity and mortality
Do not coadminister with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus
or with renal impairment (GFR under 60 mL/min/1.73 m²)
 Hypotension, chest
pain, syncope,
headache, dizziness,
fatigue

Dizziness, cough,
hyperkalemia

Hypotension,
headache, fatigue,
dizziness,
hyperkalemia, cough

Hypotension, dizziness,
fatigue, headache,
myalgia, hyperkalemia

Cough, hypotension,
angina, headache,
dizziness, hyperkalemia

CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS

 ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES PATIENT TEACHING

Monitoring
To determine proper maintenance dosages,
the patient’s blood pressure requires daily
monitoring. Benazepril efficacy diminishes
after 12 to 19 hours, so blood pressure
monitoring should be planned accordingly.
cough, hypotension, renal
insufficiency ,hyperkalemia, The renal function is monitored by regular
checkups of serum creatinine, BUN, and
potassium. In patients with renal dysfunction,
evaluation of baseline kidney function should
take place before treatment and afterward at
two-week intervals for three months after
initiation of treatment.

little or no urination, or
urinating more than usual;
shortness of breath (even
with mild exertion),
swelling, rapid weight gain;
chest pain or pressure,
pounding heartbeats or
fluttering in your chest;
high potassium - nausea,
slow or unusual heart rate,
weakness, loss of
movement
ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES PATIENT TEACHING
ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES PATIENT TEACHING

ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES PATIENT TEACHING

ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES PATIENT TEACHING

ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES PATIENT TEACHING

ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES PATIENT TEACHING