BIOINFORMATICS

Name: Sunaina R
Class: 12 F
Board Roll No:
Academic session: 2022-2023
CERTIFICATE

Name: Sunaina R
Class: 12 F
Roll no.:
School: Delhi public school Bangalore south
Academic session: 2022-23

This is certified to be the bonafide work of the student

Sunaina R in the Biology project “Bioinformatics” during
the academic session 2022–23

___________________ __________________
Internal examiner’s Student’s signature
signature
_____________________ __________________
External examiner’s School seal
Signature
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

I, SUNAINA R, would like to take this opportunity to

express my gratitude to my institution and my Principle,
Mrs Anitha Bijesh, for giving me this opportunity to learn
through hands-on experiments and to experience
phenomena that we study every day.

I owe my gratitude to my biology teacher Mrs Thejaswini

for her exemplary guidance, monitoring, mentoring and
constant encouragement through the course of this
project.

I would also like to thank my parents for making this

project possible.

This project would be impossible without the PRAVEGA

workshop I attended in IISc on bioinformatics. The
knowledge I acquired during this workshop is immense
and this project is just a part of what I learnt during the
workshop.
INDEX

Preface
Introduction
Why is bioinformatics necessary?
Aims of bioinformatics
What is a sequence?
Why is sequence important?
Sequencing a genome
NCBI GenBank
Biological Database
Classification of biological database
FASTA format
Sequence to public database
Types of sequence alignment
Application of sequence alignment
Basic Logic Alignment Search Tool (BLAST)
BLAST algorithm
Multiple Sequence Alignment
Applications of bioinformatics
References

PREFACE

The main aim of this project is to understand the basic

principle, tools and techniques of bioinformatics.
Bioinformatics is the science of both storing lots of
complex biological data, and of analysing it to find new
insights, which we use in many different ways.

Bioinformatics is a broad field and needs a diverse

range of people with diverse skill sets. Programmers to
write the computer programs to analyse all this data,
database administrators to organise storing it all,
biological scientists and statisticians to analyse the
data, and web designers to produce sites and apps that
scientists can use to search all this data.