VECTOR ALGEBRA & THREE DIMENSIONL GEOMETRY (MAXIMUM 14 MARKS IN BOARD EXAMINATION)

Q) The position vector of the point which divides the line joining of points with position vector 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ and 2𝑎⃗ −
𝑏⃗⃗ in the ratio 1:2
⃗⃗
3𝑎⃗⃗+2𝑏 ⃗⃗
5𝑎⃗⃗−𝑏 ⃗⃗
4𝑎⃗⃗+𝑏
(a) (b) 𝑎⃗ (c) (d)
3 3 3

Q) The vector with initial point P(2,-3,5) and terminal point Q(3,-4,7) is
̂
(a)𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂+2𝑘 (b) 5𝑖̂ − 7𝑗̂ + 12𝑘̂ (c) -𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ (d) None of these

Q) what is angle between the vector 𝐼̂-𝑗̂ and 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ is

𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋 5𝜋
(a) 3 (b) 3
(c) -3 (d) 6

Q) The value of K for which the two vectors 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ and 3𝑖̂ + 𝑘𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ are orthogonal
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
Q)The area of parallelogram whose adjacent sides are i+k and 2i+j+k is

(a)√2 (b) √3 (c) 3 (d) 4

Q) If |𝑎|=8 , |𝑏| = 3 and |𝑎 × 𝑏| = 12 , then value of 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ is

(a) 6√3 (b) 8√3 (c) 12√3 (d) None of these

Q) The 2 vectors 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ and 3𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂ represents the two sides AB and AC , respectively of a triangle ABC . the
length of the median through A is
√34 √48
(a) (b) (c) √18 (d) none of these
2 2

Q) if 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are unit vectors , then what is the angle between 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ for √3𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ to be unit vector ?
(a) 30 (b) 45 (c) 60 (d) 90
Q) The unit vector perpendicular to the vectors 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ and 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ forming a right hand system is
𝑖̂−𝑗̂ 𝑖̂+𝑗̂
(a) 𝑘̂ (b) −𝑘̂ (c) (d)
√2 √2

Q) The value of p such that the vectors 3𝑖̂ − 6𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ and 2𝑖̂ − 4𝑗̂ + 𝑝𝑘̂ are parallel is’
2 3 5 2
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 5

Q)The vectors from origin to the point A and B are (2,-3,2) and (2,3,1) , respectively , then the area of triangle
OAB is
√229
(a) 340 (b) √25 (c) √229 (d) 2
2
Q) Foe any vector 𝑎⃗, the value of (𝑎 × 𝑖̂)2 + (𝑎 × 𝑗̂)2 + (𝑎 × 𝑘̂ ) is equal to

(a) 𝑎⃗2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 2

(b) 3𝑎 (c) 4𝑎⃗2 (d) 2𝑎⃗2

Q)If |𝑎⃗|=10 , |𝑏⃗⃗| = 2 and 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ = 12 then value of |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗| is

(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 14 (d) 16

Q) if 𝑎⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ are unit vector of such that 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = 0 then the value of 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗. 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗. 𝑎⃗ is
3
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) −2 (d) none of these

Q) If a⃗ = 4î – ĵ + k̂ and b⃗ = 2î – 2ĵ + k̂ , then find a unit vector parallel to the vector a⃗ +b
Q) Write the direction ratios of the vector 3a⃗ + 2b⃗ , where a⃗ = î + ĵ – 2k̂ and b⃗ = 2î – 4ĵ + 5k̂ (All India
2015C)
Q) Find a vector in the direction of vector 2î – 3ĵ + 6k̂ which has magnitude 21 units. (Foreign 2014)
Q) Find a vector a of magnitude 5√2, making an angle of π4 with X-axis, π/2 with Y-axis and an acute angle 0
with Z-axis. (All India 2014)
Q) Write the value of cosine of the angle which the vector a⃗ = î + ĵ + k̂ makes with Y-axis. (Delhi 2014C)
Q) If a unit vector a⃗ makes angle π/3 with î, π/4 with ĵ and an acute angle θ with k̂ , then find the value of θ.
(Delhi 2013)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐵𝐶
Q) If A, B and C are the vertices of a ΔABC, then what is the value of 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐶𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ? (Delhi 2011C)

Q) Let a⃗ = î + ĵ + k̂ , b⃗ = 4î – 2ĵ + 8k̂ and c⃗ = î – 2ĵ + k̂ . Find a vector of magnitude 6 units, which is parallel
to the vector 2a⃗ – b⃗ + 8 c⃗ . (All India 2010)
Q) Find the magnitude of each of the two vectors a⃗ and b⃗ , having the same magnitude such that the angle
between them is 60° and their scalar product is 92. (CBSE 2018)
Q) If |a⃗ ×b⃗ |2+|a⃗ ⋅b⃗ |2 = 400 and |a⃗ | = 5, then write the value of |b⃗ |. (Foreign 2016)
Q) If a⃗ = 7î + ĵ – 4k̂ and b⃗ = 2î + 6ĵ + 3k̂ , then find the projection of a⃗ on b⃗ . (Delhi 2015)
Q) If â, b̂ and ĉ are mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then find the value of |2â + b̂ + ĉ |. (All India 2015)
Q) If a⃗ and b⃗ are two unit vectors such that a⃗ + b⃗ is also a unit vector, then find the angle between a⃗ and
b⃗ . (Delhi 2014)
Q) Write the value of the following. î × (ĵ + k̂ ) + ĵ × (k̂ + î) + k̂ × (î + ĵ). (Foreign 2014)
Q) If vectors a⃗ and b⃗ are such that |a⃗ | = 3, |b⃗ | = 2/3 and a⃗ × b⃗ is a unit vector, then write the angle
between a⃗ and b⃗ . (Delhi 2014: All India 2010
Q) Write the projection of (b⃗ + c⃗ ) on a⃗ , where a⃗ = 2î – 2ĵ + k̂ , b⃗ = î + 2ĵ – 2k̂ and c⃗ = 2î – ĵ + 4k̂ . (All
India 2013 C
Q) Find |x⃗ |, if for â unit vector a, (x⃗ −a⃗ )⋅(x⃗ +a⃗ ) = 15. (All India 2013)
Q) Find λ, when projection of a⃗ = λî + ĵ + 4k̂ on b⃗ = 2 î + 6 ĵ + 3k̂ is 4 units. (Delhi 2012P)
Q) If î + ĵ + k̂ , 2î + 5ĵ, 5î + 2ĵ – 5k̂ and î – 6ĵ – k̂ respectively, are the position vectors of points A, B, C and D, then
find the angle between the straight lines AB and CD. Find whether AB and CD are collinear or not. (Delhi 2019
Q) The scalar product of the vector a⃗ = î + ĵ + k̂ with a unit vector along the sum of the vectors b⃗ = 2î + 4ĵ –
5k̂ and c⃗ = λî + 2ĵ + 5k̂ is equal to 1. Find the value of λ and hence find the unit vector along b⃗ + c⃗ . (All India
2019)
Q) Let a⃗ = 4 î + 5ĵ – k̂ , b⃗ = î – 4ĵ + 5k̂ and c⃗ = 3î + ĵ – k̂ . Find a vector which is perpendicular to both c⃗ and
b⃗ and d⃗ ⋅a⃗ = 21. (CBSE 2018)
Q) Show that the points A, B, C with position vectors 2î – ĵ + k̂ , î – 5ĵ – 5k̂ and 5î – 4ĵ – 4k̂ respectively, are the
vertices of a right-angled triangle. Hence find the area of the triangle. (All India 2017)
Q) If r⃗ = xî + yĵ + zk̂ , find (r⃗ ×î)⋅(r⃗ ×ĵ) + xy. (Delhi 2015)
Q) P is a point on the line segment joining the points (3, 5, -1) and (6, 3, -2). If y-coordinate of point P is 2, then
its x-coordinate will be
(a) 2
(b) 173
(c) 152
(d) -5
Q) Direction ratios of a line are 2, 3, -6. Then direction cosines of a line making obtuse angle with the y-axis are

Q) A line makes angle α, β, γ with x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively then cos 2α + cos 2β + cos 2γ is equal to
(a) 2
(b) 1
(c) -2
(d) -1
Q) The equations of y-axis in space are
(a) x = 0, y = 0
(b) x = 0, z = 0
(c) y = 0, z = 0
(d) y = 0
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
Q) If the direction cosines of a line are 3, 3, 3 then value of k is
(a) k > 0
(b) 0 < k < 1.
(c) k = 13
(d) k = ± 73
Q) The line joining the points (0, 5, 4) and (1, 3, 6) meets XY-plane at the point ________ .
𝜋 3𝜋
Q) A line makes angles , with x-axis and y-axis respectively. Then the angle which it makes with z-axis can
4 4
be ________ .

Q) The vector equation of the line

State true or false.

Q) The Cartesian equation of a line AB is

Find the direction cosines of a line parallel to AB.

Q) Find the Cartesian equation of the line which passes through the point (-2,4, -5) and is parallel to the line
𝑥+3 4−𝑦 𝑧+8
= = [Delhi 2013]
3 5 6

Q) The Cartesian equation of a line AB is

Find the direction cosines of a line parallel to AB.

1 1 1
Q) If the direction cosines of a given line are 𝑘 , 𝑘 , 𝑘then, find the value of k.

Q) Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point A(1, 2,-1) and parallel to the line 5x – 25 = 14
– 7y = 35z. [Delhi 2017]
Q) Find the angle between the following pair of lines:

and check whether the lines are parallel or perpendicular. [Delhi 2011]
Q) Write the distance of the point (3, – 5, 12) from the x-axis. [Foreign 2017]
Q) If a line makes angles 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 with the position direction of coordinate axes, then write the value of sin2α +
sin2β + sin2 γ. (Delhi 2015C)
Q) Write the distance of a point P(a, b, c) from X-axis. (Delhi 2014C)
Q) The x-coordinate of a point on the line joining the points P(2, 2, 1) and Q(5, 1, – 2) is 4. Find its z-coordinate.
(All India 2017)
1−𝑥 7𝑦−14 𝑧−3 7−7𝑥 𝑦−5 6−𝑧
Q) Find the value of λ, so that the lines = = and = = are at right angles. Also, find
3 λ 2 3λ 1 5
whether the lines are intersecting or not. (Delhi 2019)
Q) Find the shortest distance between the lines r⃗ = (4î – ĵ) + λ(î + 2ĵ – 3k̂ ) and r⃗ = (î – ĵ + 2k̂ ) + μ(2î + 4ĵ –
5k̂ ). (CBSE 2018)
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥−2 𝑦−4 𝑧−5
Q) Find the shortest distance between the lines = = and = = (CBSE 2018C)
2 3 4 3 4 5

Q) Find the vector and cartesian equations of the line through the point (1, 2, – 4) and perpendicular to the two
lines
r⃗ = (8î – 19ĵ + 10k̂ ) + λ(3î – 16ĵ + 7k̂ ) and
r⃗ = (15î + 29ĵ + 5k̂ ) + µ (3î + 8ĵ – 5k̂ ). (Delhi 2016)
Q) Find the coordinates of the foot of perpendicular drawn from the point A (- 1, 8, 4) to the line joining the
points B(0, – 1, 3) and C(2, – 3, – 1). Hence, find the image of the point A in the line BC. (All India 2016)
Q) Show that the lines
r⃗ = (î + ĵ – k̂ ) + λ(3î – ĵ)and
r⃗ = (4î – k̂ ) + µ(2î + 3k̂ ) intersect. Also, find their point of intersection. (Delhi 2014)
𝑥+2 2𝑦−7 5−𝑧
Q) Find the direction cosines of the line = = Also, find the vector equation of the line through the
2 6 6
point A(-1, 2, 3) and parallel to the given line. (Delhi 2014C)
Q) Find the angle between the lines
r⃗ = 2î – 5ĵ + k̂ + λ(3î + 2ĵ + 6k̂ )
and r⃗ = 7î – 6ĵ – 6k̂ + µ(î + 2ĵ + 2k̂ ). (Foreign 2014; All India 2008C)
𝑥+1 𝑦+3 𝑧+5 𝑥−2 𝑦−4 𝑧−6
Q) Show that the lines 3
= 5
= 7
intersect 1 = 3
= 5
. Also, find their point of intersection. (Delhi
2014)
Q) A line passes through the point (2, – 1, 3) and is perpendicular to the lines
r⃗ = (î + ĵ – k̂ ) + λ (2î – 2ĵ + k̂ )
and r⃗ = (2î – ĵ – 3k̂ ) + µ(î + 2ĵ + 2k̂ ).
Obtain its equation in vector and cartesian forms. (All India 2014)
Q) Find the shortest distance between the two lines whose vector equations are
r⃗ = (î + 2ĵ – 3k̂ ) + λ (î – 3ĵ + 2k̂ ) and
r⃗ = (4î + 5ĵ + 6k̂ ) + µ(2î + 3ĵ + k̂ ). (Delhi 2014C)
Q) Using vectors, show that the points
A(- 2, 3, 5), B(7, 0, – 1), C(- 3, – 2, – 5) and D(3, 4,7) are such that AB and CD intersect at the point P(1, 2, 3). (All
India 2012C)
 𝑥 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
Q) Find the equation of the perpendicular from point (3, – 1, 11) to line2 = 3
= 4
. Also, find the
coordinates of foot of perpendicular and the length of perpendicular (All India 2011C)
Q) An insect is crawling along the line 𝑟̅ = 6𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘+ 𝜆(𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘) and
insect is crawling along the line 𝑟̅ = −4𝑖̂ − 𝑘 + 𝜇(3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ − 2𝑘). At what points on the
lines should they reach so that the distance between them is the shortest? Find the
possible distance between them.
Q)

ASSERTION & REASON BASED QUESTIONS

Chose the correct option from the given option for the given reasons and their assertion :

(a) A is true, R is true; R is a correct explanation for A.

(b) A is true, R is true; R is not a correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true; R is false.
(d) A is false; R is true.
Q) Assertion (A): The angle between two vectors (i+j) and (i-j) is 90.
Reason (R): The dot product of two vectors is 0 (𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ = 0).
Q) Assertion (A): The equation of line which is passing from point (1,2,3) is r=(i+2j+3k)+. 𝜆(i+j+k)
Reason (R): This line is parallel to vector (3i+3j+3k)
Q) Assertion (A): Value of cos 2α + cos 2β + cos 2γ=3.
Reason (R): where 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 are direction cosines & 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛼 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛽 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛾 = 1 .
Q) Assertion (A): the angle between x axis and y axis is 90.
Reason (R): both axis are orthogonal to each other and the equation of lines are
𝑥−𝑎 𝑦−0 𝑧−0 𝑥−0 𝑦−𝑏 𝑧−0
= = , = =
1 0 0 0 1 0
Q) Assertion (A): if a line make an angle between diagonal of cube is 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾, 𝛿 hence
4
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛼 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛽 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛾 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛿 = .
3
Reason (R): Direction ratio of diagonal of the cube joining the origin to the opposite corner
are (1,1,1)