MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

MAHEER’s MIT POLYTECHNIQUE PUNE

MICROPROJECT
Academic Year: 2020-21

TOPIC: Various Types of Formwork Used for RCC Structures.

PROGRAM: CIVIL

PROGRAM CODE: TY-CIVIL (5rd Semester)

COURSE: DSR
COURSE CODE: 22502
SUBMITTED BY: CE05 Diksha Suryawanshi.

Prof. Rajashree PROF. Sagar Sonawane

Kulkarni (Second year co- DR. R.S.KALE
(Microproject Guide) coordinator) (Principal)
This is to certify that Miss Diksha Suryawanshi, Roll no. 05. In 5th semester of
diploma in Civil Engineering of institute: MAHEER’s MIT Polytechnic Pune
(code: 0418) has completed the Microproject satisfactorily in subject DSR for
the academic year 2022-23 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Kothrud, Pune Enrollment No: 2001480003

Date: Exam Seat No:

Prof.Rajashree Kulkarni Sagar Sonawane R.S.Kale

Subject teacher Head of the Department Principal
 PART A

Collect the details of various

types of the formwork.

1) Rationale :

Micro projects for engineering students gives an edge over the race of recruitment
to work hard to ensure a good career. The importance of making micro-projects
cannot be over stressed, experts say. In spite of employment practices in recent
times, students are progressively taking up micro-projects to pad up their skill-set,
they add where students have been placed at good companies. By doing DSR’s
micro projects, students can gain practical knowledge about this subject. In spite of
theory concept you acquire, various industries also need to know your capacity to
complete projects using your specific initiative. So it is recommend that student
should do micro projects in their three years of diploma and try to present as many
white papers as possible in the engineering third year. This Micro-project of DSR
contains information of various types of formwork used for RCC structures. It helps
in gaining more information about this particular topic.

2) Intended Course Outcomes:

a) The detail study of various types of the formwork.
b) The detail study of various types of formwork used for RCC structures.

3) Literature Review:

There are different types of formwork available for different purposes. Generally,
the formworks for vertical concreting are called wall forms and those for horizontal
concreting are called slab or floor forms. The various types of formwork available
today in the market are discussed in detail.
4) Proposed Methodology

Procedure of doing this micro procedure:

i. In this micro project firstly we’ll go though the format of microproject.

ii. Then we’ll collect the information about the micrproject.
iii. The information will be collected by referring books,notes,internet and
magazines.
iv. In this micro project we’ll be understanding different types of formwork
available for different purposes .
v. Ater this we’ll be adding the report on our microproject.
vi. At the end of this microproject we’ll be adding a teacher’s evalution sheet.

5) Resources Required (major resources like raw material, tools, software.)

S. Name of Specifications Qty Remarks

No. Resource/material
1 Books,Magazines,Internet. For Information - -
2 Laptop For Making Soft Copy 1 -
3 Papers For Making Hard Copy - -
4 Internet Site www.google.com
www.theconstructor.org
www.civilengineering.blog - -
www.quora.com

6) Action Plan (Sequence and time required for major activities)

S. No. Details of activity Planned Planned Name of

Start date Finish Responsible Team
date Members
1 Collecting the information. 1st Nov 5th Nov Diksha Suryawanshi.
2 Arranging the format 6th Nov 7th Nov Diksha Suryawanshi
3 Typing the microproject 7th Nov 8th Nov Diksha Suryawanshi
 PART B

Micro–Project Report

Collect the details of various

types of the formwork used
for RCC structures at site.

1. Rationale
By doing DSR’s micro projects, students can gain practical knowledge about this
subject. In spite of theory concept you acquire, various industries also need to know
your capacity to complete projects using your specific initiative. So it is recommend
that the student should do micro projects in their three years of diploma and try to
present as many white papers as possible in the engineering third year. This Micro-
project of DSR contains information about the details of various types of the
formwork used for RCC structures at site. It helps in gaining more information about
this particular topic.

2. Course Outcomes Addressed

a) Completely understood the details of the formwork .
b) Completely understood the detail study of various types of the formwork used
for RCC structures at site.

3. Literature Review
Formwork is molds into which concrete or similar materials are either precast or
cast-in-place. In the context of concrete construction, the falsework supports the
shuttering molds. In specialty applications formwork may be permanently
incorporated into the final structure, adding insulation or helping reinforce the
finished structure.
Formwork is a temporary mold to provide support to fresh concrete places in
structural member until the concrete has set. This helps the structural member to
gain sufficient strength to carry its self-load and load from other members.
 4. Actual Methodology Followed
i. In this micro project firstly we went though the format of microproject.
ii. Then we collected the information about the microproject,the information was
collected by Diksha Suryawanshi.
iii. The information was collected by referring books,notes,internet and
magazines.
iv. In this micro project I collected the information about various types of the
formwork used for RCC structures at site and it was done by me itself.After
this I added the report of my microproject.
v. At the end of this microproject we added a teacher’s evalution sheet.

4. Actual Resources Used (Mention the actual resources used).

S. Name of Specifications Qty Remarks
No. Resource/material
1 MS Word For Creating the MP. -
2 Internet For Information. -

5. Outputs of the Micro–project

Types of RCC Formworks

There are different types of formwork available for different purposes. Generally, the
formworks for vertical concreting are called wall forms and those for horizontal concreting
are called slab or floor forms. The various types of formwork available today in the market
are discussed in detail.
Traditional Formwork
1.This usually consists of standard framed panels tied together over their backs with
horizontal members called waling.
2.The waling is provided with the basic function of resisting the horizontal force of wet
concrete.
3.One side of the wall formwork is first assembled ensuring that it is correctly aligned,
plumbed and strutted.
4.The steel reinforcement cage is then placed and positioned before the other side of
the formwork is erected and fixed.
5.Plywood sheet in combination with timber is the most common material used for wall
formwork.
6.The usual method is to make up wall forms as framed panels with the plywood
facing sheet screwed on to studs on a timber frame.
7.This allows for the plywood to be easily removed and reversed and used on both
sides so as to increase the number of reuses.
8.The wall forms are susceptible to edge and corner damage and must be carefully
handled.
9.Special attention must be given to comers and attached piers since the increased
pressures applied by wet concrete could cause the abutments to open up, giving
rise to unacceptable grout escape and a poor finish to the cast wall.

Climbing Formwork
• Method of casting walls consists of a climbing formwork, the climbing of which
may be manual or crane assisted.
• It employs a common set of forms used in a repetitive manner for casting
walls in set vertical lifts.
 • After each casting the forms are removed and raised to form the next lift until
the required height has been reached.
• These forms are widely used in the construction of industrial chimneys, silos,
high rise towers & building cores, bridge piers & pylons, airport control towers,
telecommunication, towers etc.

Advantages of Climbing Formwork

1) Staged construction process allows balance of site resources.
2) Anchor accessories can be reused after each pour, reducing material costs on
current and future construction programs.
3) In case of trolley mounted formwork, the panel retracts from the face,
providing space for cleaning and fixing of concrete.
4) Formwork & access platforms lifted as one, minimizing crane support,
reducing labour and material costs.
5) Fine adjustments of the form face can be made during construction, providing
accurate alignment of the form face vertically & laterally.

Sliding Formwork or Slipforming

● Slip form means a continuously moving form, moving with such a speed that
concrete when exposed has already achieved enough strength to support the
vertical pressure from concrete still in the form as well as to withstand lateral
pressure caused by wind etc.
● Thus, the slip form concreting technique is a rapid and economical
construction method that can be applied with great advantage to many types of
construction projects such as chimneys, silos, water towers, bridge-columns, lift
shaft cores and shaft lining etc.
 ● The technique is based on movable forms which are gradually lifted by
hydraulic jacks.
● It is a continuous process where wet concrete is added to wet concrete.
● Reinforcing steel and/or post tensioned cables are continuously fixed as the
normal slipping speed is 3 to 6 meters per 24 hours.
● The slip form construction is designed for each project depending on the
structure of the project.

Advantages of Slip Forming

• Minimum consumption of timber and steel plates.
• Total elimination of traditional scaffolding
• Minimum requirements of carpenters for assembling.
• It gives a monolithic structure.
• The concrete surfaces can be treated and finished while concrete is green.
• Depending on the weather conditions, it is possible to achieve a vertical rise to
the tune of 4 to 5 m in summer and 2 to 3 m in winter.
• The procedure of continuous slipping is applied to making both inner and
outer walls as well as columns of a building.
• Form climbs.
Permanent Formwork
6) Permanent form or stay-in-place formwork is one in which the form is left as
an integral part of the structure.
7) Permanent formwork can also be utilized as the facing materials of in situ
reinforced concrete.
8) They can be of two types—participating and non-participating.
9) The material used for these forms must be durable and of sufficient strength.
10) Commonly used materials include polyvinyl chloride (pvc), galvanized coiled
sheet steel, fabricated steel, carbon/epoxy thin shell.
11) The high initial cost of design and installation, lack of familiarity for installation
and maintenance and more specified form design are some of the barriers to the
use of this form.
12) However, there are various advantages like low cost of transportation and
installation, precise form design, maximum flexibility, greater durability with
reduced long term maintenance and versatility.
Special Forms
These are those forms that are specially designed and manufactured for a particular kind
of construction. The need for a special formwork may arise due to several factors such
as :
● When the contract demands the highest class of dimensional tolerance to be
followed.
● Where the form work shape required becomes uneconomical or impracticable
for site fabrication.
● Where the formwork is required to be self-contained i.e. self propelled,
● Where rate of concreting, admixtures or types of concrete are such that
concrete pressure developed within forms and stresses in the forms demand
special attention where a substantial number of re-uses is envisaged.
Table Form
This is a special formwork designed for use in casting large repetitive floor slabs in
medium to high-rise structures. The main objective of reducing the time required re-
erecting, striking and re-erecting slab formwork. A system which can be put as an entire
unit, removed, hoisted and repositioned without any dismantling.

Ganged Panel Form

The increasing pace in the construction of multi-storey and massive concrete structures,
and the parallel progress in development of cranes and other mechanical methods of
transporting forms have made the use of ganged prefabricated forms for the concreting of
large sections of high walls very common.
 Ranging up to 30×50 ft, their size is limited only by the mechanics of handling. Large
panels can be assembled flat on the ground where it is easier to work. Delay and lost
motion are avoided in stripping because the gang forms are stripped as a unit.

Tunnel Form
The tunnel formwork is a room sized structural steel fabricated form which is used to cast
the RCC walls and floor slabs of a building as a monolithic structure in a continuous pour.
The forms are then heated using hot air blowers for accelerated curing of the concrete.
This system is most economical when the structure consists of large number of identical
units.

There exist two versions of this type of formwork. They are:

• The half tunnel formwork used to cast only one wall and slab simultaneously.
• The full tunnel formwork used to cast two walls and a slab simultaneously.
The sequence of construction involves :
13) Placing of reinforcement, electrical and sanitary conduits along with the tunnel
forms.
14) Concrete is then poured and the open side of the forms is covered and hot air
blowers placed inside.
15) The forms are removed the next day and placed on the next site using cranes.
The optimum use of tunnel form is in multiunit shear wall structure with identical floor layout
at each level.
6. Skill Developed / Learning Outcomes from this Micro–project

i. Completely understood the study of formwork at the site.

ii. Now we’re able to recognise the type of formwork on the actual site.
iii. Completely understood the importance of formwork.

7. Benefits of this Micro–project

i. By doing this microproject we got to learn lot of things, we gained a lot of
information about the formwork.
ii. We completely understood how to work in a group and co-operate.

8. Area of Future Improvement

We need to improve our time management. One of the things that we struggle
with is that we do a lot of smaller projects that end up using the same resources.
We have difficulty managing or balancing workload across resources that are on
multiple projects.
Project is that we have to be able to access the project schedule to see, as an
individual contributor, what the tasks are. It's not a great way to distribute that. If
Project had a better mechanism to allow those who are not the project manager to
see their own work tasks, that would be of help or of value to us.
 Overall Micro–project Evaluation Format

Progressive Assessment Summative Assessment Total

Part A - Project Project Methodology (2 Part B - Project Individual Marks
Proposal marks) Report/Working Model Presentation/Viva (4 10
(2 marks) (2 marks) marks)

Note
a) The teacher needs to fill the first 3rd columns of only one copy of this teacher evaluation sheet for
these criteria for each group of students as per the above rubrics and criteria.
b) After giving marks in the 3 columns, make multiple copies of this filled teacher evaluation sheet
according to the number of students in that group.
c) Then the teacher can give marks in the out of 4 marks for after the presentation/viva of each student
in the 4th column of each sheet.
d) Then add up the total marks to get the total marks.

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

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Any Other Comment:

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Name and designation of the Faculty Member…………………………………….

Signature and date………………………………………………………………………………