Suankularb Wittayalai School

English Program: Learning for the Utmost Success Core Mathematics 5 MATH23151 EPLUS+

Name……………………………………………………………………………….
Liew Class…………
305 No………..
9 Date………….
2/6/22 Score……………….
Lesson 2.3 Solving Quadratic Equations by Factorisation

Example 1

Solve the equation 4x2 = 5(4x — 5).

4x2 = 5(4x — 5)
4x2 = 20x — 25 Expand.
4x2 — 20x + 25 = O Rewrite in the form ax? + bx + c = 0.
(2x — 5)2 = 0 Factorise 4x2 - 20x + 25.
2x — 5 = 0
, 5
.x—-—
2
5
Note: Since the factor 2x — 5 occurs twice, the root x = 2— is

repeated. That is, the equation has two equal roots.

Try it 1. Solve the equation 3𝑥(3𝑥 + 14) = −49.

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9x² + 42x + 49 = 0
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(3x+7)² = 0
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x = -7/3 ( twice)
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Example 2

Solve the equation x(2x + 1) = x(3x — 5).

Method 1
We expand both sides and then rewrite the equation in the form
me2 + bx + c = 0.
x(2x+ 1) =x(3x—5)
2x2+x —-3x2—5x
x2—6x =0
x(x—6) =0
x =0 or x—6=0
°.x=0 0r x=6

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 Method 2
x(2x + 1) x (3x — 5)
x(2x + 1) — x(3x — 5) O Move the terms to one side.
x[(2x + 1) — (3x — 5)] 0 Facton'se by taking out the common
x(2x+1—3x+5) =0 factor x.
x(—x + 6) O
x O or —x + 6 = O
xx
O or x = 6

Note: We cannot “cancel” the factor x from the original equation.

If we do so, the steps would be:
x(2x + 1) = x(3x — 5)
2x + 1 = 3x — 5
3x — 2x = 5 + 1
x = 6
Thus, we will lose the root x = 0.

In general, we cannot divide both sides of an equation by a

factor that contains its own variable.

Try it 2. Solve the equation (𝑥 − 4)(2𝑥 + 7) = (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 3).

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2x² - x - 28 = x² - x - 12
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x² - 16 = (x-4)(x+4) = 0
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x = 4, -4
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Example 3

Solve the equation 9(2x — 1)2 = (5x + 4)?

9(2x — 1)2 = (5x + 4)2

[3(2x — 1)]2 — (5x + 4)2 =O
[3(2x — 1) + (5x + 4)][3(2x -— 1) -— (5x + 4)] = 0 (.15'-b"‘-‘—-(a mug—19)
(6x—3+5x+4)(6x-3—5x—4) =0
(11x + 1)(x — 7) =O
11x+1=0 orx—7=O
1
.°.x=—— or x27
11

Try it 3. Solve the equation 4(3𝑥 + 1)- = (𝑥 − 7)- .

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(2(3x+1))² - (x-7)² = 0
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((6x+2)-(x-7))((6x+2) + (x-7))
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(5x + 9)(7x - 5)
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x = -9/5, 5/7

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Exercise 2.4

1. Solve each of the following equations.

a) 𝑥 - + 4𝑥 = 21
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x² + 4x - 21 = (x+7)(x-3) x = -7, 3
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b)(6𝑦 + 1)- = (4𝑦 + 5)(9𝑦 − 7)
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36y² + 12y + 1 = 36y² + 17y - 35
5y - 36 = 0
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y = 36/5 (twice)
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c) (5𝑡 − 4)(𝑡 + 1) = (2𝑡 − 9)(𝑡 + 1)
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5t² + t - 4 = 2t² - 7t - 9
3t² +8t + 5 = 0
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(3t +5)(t+1)
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d) 7(8𝑢 − 11) = (8𝑢 − 11)-
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56u - 77 = 64u² - 176u + 121
64u² - 232u + 198 = 0
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32u² - 116u + 99 = 0
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(8u - 11)(4u - 9) u = 11/8, 9/4
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e) (2𝑣 + 3)- = (𝜈 − 5)-
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4v² + 12v + 9 = v² - 10v + 25
3v² + 22v - 16 = 0
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(3v - 2)(v + 8) = 0
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v = 2/3, -8
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f) 9(𝑤 − 4)- = (2𝑤 + 1)-

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(3(w-4))² - (2w +1)² = 0
(3w - 12 - (2w+1))(3w - 12 + (2w+1)) = 0
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(w - 13)(5w - 11)
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w = 13, 11/5

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2. It is given that 𝑥 = −1 is a root of the equation 𝑟𝑥 - + (𝑟 - + 1)𝑥 + 3 = 0, where 𝑟 is a constant. Find

a) the possible values of 𝑟,

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r(-1)² + (r² +1)(-1) + 3 = 0
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r - r² - 1 + 3 = 0
-r² + r + 2 = 0
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r² - r -2 = 0
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(r-2)(r+1) r = 2, -1
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b) the other root of the equation.

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if r = -1.
(-1)x² + ((-1)² + 1)x + 3 = 0
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-x² + 2x + 3 = 0
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x² - 2x - 3 = 0
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(x - 3)(x + 1) x= 3 other root of the equation
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If r = 2,. 2x² + 5x + 3,.
(2x + 3)(x + 1), x = -3/2
3. If the equation 4𝑥 - − 12𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑐 is a constant, has two equal roots, find the value of 𝑐 and the roots of
the equation.
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4x² - 12x + c = 0 c/4 = (3/2)²
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x² - 3x + (c/4) = 0 c=9
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x² - 3x + 9/4 = 0
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(x-3/2)(x-3/2) x = 3/2
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4. When a ball is thrown upward from the ground its height, ℎ m, from the ground after 𝑡 seconds is given by the
equation ℎ = 20𝑡 − 5𝑡 - . Find the time that the ball

a) reaches the ground again,

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0 = 20t - 5t² 5t(4 - t) = 0
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4-t = 0 5t = 0 t = 4, 0 Seconds
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b) is 15 m above the ground,

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15 = 20t - 5t² -5t² + 20t - 15 = 0 5(t² - 4t + 3) = 0
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5(t-3)(t-1) = 0
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t - 3 = 0, t - 1 = 0 t = 1,3 Seconds
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5. Mr. David bought (5𝑥 − 1) bottles of peanut oil at $𝑥 each. If the total cost is $42, find the value of 𝑥.
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Real cost
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x(5x-1) = 42
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Because cost/money cant be negative
5x² - x - 42 = 0
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(5x + 14)(x-3)
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5x + 14 = 0, x - 3 = 0 x=3
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= -
6. Construct a quadratic equation, in the form 𝑎𝑥 - + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, whose roots are and − .
> ?
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x = 4/3, -2/5
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3x - 4 = 0, 5x + 2 = 0 (3x - 4)(5x+2) = (15x² - 14x - 8)
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(15)x² + (-14)x + (-8) = 0
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7. The length and breadth of a rectangle are (3𝑥 + 1)cm and (2𝑥 − 1)cm respectively. If the area of the rectangle is
144 cm- , find the value of 𝑥.

3x‘+ l

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(3x + 1)(2x-1) = 144
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6x² -x - 1 - 144 = 0
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6x² - x - 145 = 0
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x=5 Because area/length cannot be negative
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(6x + 29)(x - 5) = 0
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2(-29/6) - 1 = A negative number
x = -29/6, 5
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