DR. D. K.

BEHERA
SENIOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST

STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD, ORISSA

Iron & Steel Industry

Besides Greenhouse Gas Emission, SO2, NOx,

Particulates, CO are critical pollutants

Potentially water polluting in nature (Phenol,

Cyanide, NH3, BOD, Oil & Grease are critical
parameters)

Metallurgical process & allied activities

generate huge quantity of solid waste
(hazardous & non-hazardous)
Pollution Control Strategies

Development of environmental standards

Implementation of environmental standard at

National & State Level

National Task Force to address sector specific

issues

Specific measures such as clear fuel, clear

process technologies / alternate control system
Development of Environmental Standards Based on
Technically Feasible
Economically Viable
Socially Acceptable
Technical Feasibility – Representative Industry
Raw material Used
Process of Manufacture
Water balance & mass balance
Waste water characteristics
Economic Viability
Various Treatment Alternatives & their economics
Evolve environmental standards & monitoring
procedures
Solid Acceptability
The receiving environment & acceptability
Major Sources of Pollution in Iron & Steel
Coke Oven
By-product
Sintering Plant
Blast Furnace
Steel Melting Shop
Limestone Dolomite Plant
Cold Rolling Mills
Finished Product Units
Foundry
Captive Power Plant
 EMISSION STANDARDS :
COKE OVEN PLANTS (BY PRODUCT RECOVERY TYPE)
MoEF Notification G.S.R. 631(E), dated 31st October, 1997

Parameter Standards

New Batteries Existing

Batteries
Fugitive Visible Emissions
(a) Leakage from door 5 (PLD)* 10 (PLD)*
(b) Leakage from charging lids 1 (PLL)* 1 (PLL)*
(c) Leakage from AP Covers 4 (PLO)* 4 (PLO)*
(d) Charging emission (second/charge) 16 50
(with HPLA)* (with HPLA)*
Stack Emission of Coke Oven
(a) SO2(mg/Nm3) 800 800
(b) NOx, (mg/Nm3) 500 500
(c) SPM, (mg/Nm3) 50 50
(a) SPM emission during charging (stack emission) mg/Nm3 25 25
(b) SPM emission during coke pushing (stack emission) 5 5
gm/ton of coke
Contd…
 Parameter Standards

New Existing
Batteries Batteries

Sulphur in Coke Oven gas used for heating (mg/Nm3) 800 800

Emission for quenching operation

Particulate matter gm/MT of coke produced 50 50

Benzo-Pyerine (BOP) concentration in work zone air (ug/m3)

Battery area (top of the battery) 5 5

Other units in coke oven plant 2 2

Ambient standards (ng/m3) 10 10

 ACTION POINTS
1. Coke Oven Plants
To meet the parameters PLD (% leaking doors), PLL
(%leaking lids), PLO (% leaking off take), of the notified
standards.
Industry should have time bound action plan and PERT
Chart along with the Bank Guarantee for the
implementation of the same.
- To rebuild at least 40% of the coke oven batteries* in next 10
years

2. Steel Melting Shop

Fugitive emissions - to reduce 100% (including

installation of secondary de-dusting facilities)

* As per rebuilding schedule submitted to CPCB / MoEF.

Contd..
3. Blast Furnace

Direct inject of reducing agents

4. Solid Waste / Hazardous Waste Management

Utilization of Steel Melting Shop (SMS) / Blast Furnace (BF) Slag

Hazardous Waste
Charge of tar sludge / ETP sludge to Coke Oven

Inventorization of the Hazardous Waste as per Hazardous

Waste (M&H) Rules, 2008 as amended from time to time and
implementation of the Rules

(Tar sludge, acid sludge, waste lubricating oil and used type
fuel falls in the category of Hazardous Waste.)

Contd..
5. Water conservation / Water Pollution

• To reduce specific water consumption to 5 m3/t for long

products and 8 m3/t for flat products.
• To operate the CO-BP effluent treatment plant efficiently to
achieve the notified effluent discharge standards.

6. Installation of Continuous stack monitoring system & its calibration in

major stacks, on line ambient air quality monitoring stations.

7. To operate the existing pollution control equipments efficiently and

to have proper record keeping of pollution control equipment run
hours, failure time and efficiency with immediate effect.
Compliance report to be submitted to CPCB / SPCB every three
months

8. Implementation of recommendations of Life Cycle Assessment

(LCA) study sponsored by MoEF.

Contd..
 Recommendation
1. Emission standard as notified under EP Act 1986 for
sintering plant, blast furnace (BF), steel melting
shop(SMS), coke oven etc to be strictly enforced

2. Continuous monitoring of specified pollutants to be

initiated in sintering plant, BF,SMS stack respectively.
Data to be provided in plant website with linkage to
SPCB website.

3. Effluent treatment plant for treatment of coke oven

effluent to be maintained effectively especially to meet
cyanide and phenol standard
 Recommendation
4. Blast furnace stack to be granulated and used for
cement making
5. Effective management and use of steel melting shop
slack to be given priority.
6. Coke oven by product gas to be efficiently used and
recovery of benzol, tar etc to be given major thrust for
maximum recovery
7. As far as possible for smaller steel plant non recovery
type of coke oven should be preferred. However in
those cases sensible heat of the gas to be recovered for
generating power.
8. Following clean technology option to be given
priority.

z Energy recovery of top Blast Furnace (BF) gas.

z The use of Tar-free runner linings.
z Cast House de-dusting (tap holes, runners,
skimmers, ladle charging points)
z Suppression of fugitive emissions using nitrogen gas
or any other inert gas.
z To study the possibility of slag and fly ash
transportation back to the abandoned mines to fill
up the cavities through empty railway wagons when
they return and its implementation.
z Processing of the waste containing flux &
ferrous wastes through Waste recycling
plant.
To implement rain water harvesting.

Reduction of Green House Gases by:

. Reduction in power consumption

. Use of By-production gases for power
generation
· Promotion of Energy Optimisation
Technology, including energy audit
z To set targets for Resource Conservation such
as Raw material, energy and water
consumption to match International
Standards
SPONGE IRON PLANTS – POLLUTION
CONTROL STANDARD
 Air pollution mitigation measures

• In case no pollution control are installed by

the unit the particulate matter emission
was observed around 25 gm/Nm3.

• This indicated that installation of pollution

control devices is must to protect the
environment. The pollution control devices
like ESPs, Bag filters, and wet scrubbers
installed by the industries.
 Fugitive dust generation

The sources of fugitive dust generation are:

• Raw Material Handling Yard (unloading,

stacking, reclaiming operations)

• Product discharge system (cooler discharge

conveyors, transfer points, junction house,
screens, magnetic separators, storage silos,
truck loading and packing operations).
 Water Pollution Mitigation Measures
The water requirement in rotary kiln DRI plant is mainly
for cooling the discharge feed from 950-1050oC to
below 100oC. Water is continuously sprinkled over the
rotary cooler shell and is allowed to fall on a settling
tank located below the rotary cooler/ near the cooler.
In ABC water is sprayed through the nozzles in the form
of spray to control the temperature of the gases.

Make-up water is added in the tank to cool the hot

water and compensate evaporation loss. The water
from settling tank is re-circulated for sprinkling over the
rotary cooler

The water requirement varies from 4-6 m3/ t of DRI.

 Solid Waste Generation

• Char
• Dedusting dust from pollution control
equipment of Product handling area
• Kiln accretion waste
• Dedusting dust from pollution control
equipment of Cooler discharge area
• Scrubber sludge (scrubber is installed as
pollution control equipment of Kiln)
• Process dust from pollution control
equipment of Kiln
 ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

1.0 Emission Standards

1.1 Stack Emission : 100 mg/nm3 (Coal based)*

Standards for Kiln 50 mg/Nm3 (Gas based)

*12% CO2 correction

Combustion Efficiency (CE) : shall be atleast 99.9%

of After Burner Chamber (ABC) and be computed as
below:

CE= % CO2//[%CO2 + %CO]*100

1.2 Stack Emission Standards for de-dusting units
Particulate matter (PM) : 100 mg/Nm3
Stack Height ** (minimum) Coal/gas 30.0 m
** Stack height shall be calculated as H=14.0 Q0.3 where Q is emission of
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) in kg/hr.ie.
SO2 (kg/hr) Height (metre)
upto 12.68 30
12.69 – 33.08 40
33.09 – 69.06 50
69.07 – 127.80 60
127.81 – 213.63 70

1.3 Fugitive Emission Standards

(Rotary Kiln/ Particulate Existing New
De-dusting unit) matter unit Unit
Note:
(i) the existing industry shall comply with the standard of 2000 µg/m3
after one year from the date of notification.
(ii) Fugitive Emission shall be monitored at a distance 10.0 metre from
the source of fugitive emission.
 Pollution Control

z Main sources of Air Pollution

– Process
z Installing of control equipments – ESP, GCT,

DSC, Bag Filters and Scrubbers.

– Raw Material, Finished Product & Waste

Products
Control Equipments
 Management of Waste Products

z The waste products generated in Sponge

Iron plants are :

– Char & Dola Char

– Bag Filter dust
– Coal dust
– Fly-ash
– Iron ore fines
 Char & Dola Char Storage Shed
Merits:

z Fixed carbon -- 18 -- 22%

z Volatile Matter -- 2%
z Ash -- 70 – 75%
z Calorific Value -- 1800
K.Cal/Kg.

z The Production of Char & Dola Char

will be 40% of the total production of
Sponge Iron and this is easily salable
to Brick Kilns, and power generation
units. Demerits for not providing shed:
z Maintain less stones and not to allow
the material exposed to water. ¾ Spreading of Heavy pollution
z Cost of the shed is Rs.30 lakhs. ¾ If it is absorbing moisture it
z Pay back period one to two years turns to white and not salable.
z Quantity of dust collected per day is 40
tons and sold at Rs.200/- per ton. ¾ Nuisance of transportation for
dumping in low lying areas.
 Bag Filter Dust
Process Dust Emission:
z Fixed carbon -- 20 –
25%
z Volatile Matter -- 2%
z Ash -- 70%
z Mithyle – Blue value 50-100
z This dust is used by oil refineries
in replacement of activated
carbon.
z Secure storage in concealed
sheds is necessary to avoid
contamination.
z Cost of the sheds in total Rs.5
lakhs.
z Pay back period 1 to 2 years.
z Quantity of dust collected per
day is 3 tons and sold at
Rs.600/- per ton.
 Coal Dust
z Fixed carbon -- 38%
z Volatile matter -- 28%
z Ash -- 30%
z Calorific Value -- 4500
z This dust is used by bio-mass
power plants as alternative fuel.
z Secure storage in concealed sheds
is necessary to avoid
contamination.
z Cost of the sheds in total Rs.2
lakhs.
z Pay back period 1 to 2 years.
z Quantity of dust collected per day
is 2 tons and sold at Rs.900/- per
ton.
 Fly Ash
z Moisture -- 10%
z Ash-- 80%
z Carbon -- 10%
z This dust is used by Fly
ash bricks manufacturing
units.
z Secure storage is
necessary to avoid
contamination.
z Quantity of dust
collected per day is 20
tons and sold at Rs.100/-
per ton.
 Iron Ore Fines
z Fe -- 50-55%
z SiO2 -- 10-15%
z These fines are used by
cement industries as
late-rite.
z Secure storage is
necessary to avoid
contamination.
z Quantity of fines
generated per days is 20-
30 tons. The rate for
metric ton is Rs.150/-
 IDENTIFICATION & CHARACTERISATION
OF
WASTE STREAMS
CPCB PROJECTS

STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD, ORISSA

Objective of the Study

Identification of Waste Generated from

Integrated Iron & Steel Industry

Qualitative & Quantitative Estimation of Waste

Characterisation of Waste
Methodology

Literature Survey
Study on Manufacturing Process & Operational
Features
Field Visits & Interaction with Industrial
Authorities
Collection of Waste Samples Analysis in State
Pollution Control Board Laboratory (Based on
source) Heavy Metal, TCL
 PRODUCTION OF PIG IRON AND FINISHED
(CARBON) STEEL IN INDIA

SL. YEAR PIG IRON FINISHED CARBON TOTAL

MILLION/TONNE STEEL IN MILLION
TONNE
1. 2003-04 3.764 36.957 40.721

2. 2004-05 3.228 40.957 44.185

3. 2005-06 4.695 44.544 49.239

4. 2006-07 4.96 49.391 54.351

APPARENT STEEL USE (1999-2005) IN INDIA
Sl. Year Fished Steel Products in Million
Tonne
1. 1999 25.1
2. 2000 26.3
3. 2001 27.4
4. 2002 28.9
5. 2003 31.2
6. 2004 33.3
7. 2005 36.7
 LIST OF PRODUCTS WITH INSTALLED
CAPACITY, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT
Sl. Products / Byproducts Annual Installed Capacity
In thousand tonnes
1. Ingot Steel 1230
2. Saleable Steel 990
3. Hot Rolled Coils 280
4. Electric Steel Sheets 50
5. Cold Rolled Sheets 250.0
6. Galvanised Sheets 160
7. Electric Tin Plate 150
8. Spiral Welded Pipe 55.0
9. CRGO/CRNO Sheets 73.5
10. Pig Iron 72.3
11. Granulated Slag 197.81
12. Coal Chemicals (By-product)
Naphthalene 4.32
Phenol 1.36
Benzol 15.0
Ammonium Sulphate 12.03
Toluene 1.09
Crude Tar 52.5
Hard Pitch 25.6
 MAJOR RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION IN RSP

Sl. Raw Material Quantity per Month in Tonne

1. Iron Ore 148000

2. Iron Ore Fine 120000
3. Iron Ore for SMS 3000
4. Manganese Ore 7000
5. Lime Stone (BF & Grade) 41400
6. Lime Stone (SMS Grade) 49700
7. Dolomite (BF & Grade) 21750
8. Dolomite (SMS Grade) 19700
9. Fines 2500800
10. Quartzite 5800
11. Coking Coal 207500
12. Fluorspar 500
PROCESS CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION IN RSP
Sl. Major Process Chemicals Quantity in Tonne

1. Hydrochloric Acid 20
2. Caustic Soda 30
3. Calcium Carbide 50
4. Sodium Silicate 70
5. Common Salt 100
6. Phenol Sulphuric Acid 20
7. Soda Ash 60
8. Sodium Dichromate 13
 WASTE GENERATION IN ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

UNIT NAME OF THE SOLID SOURCE QUANTITY PRESENT METHOD

WASTE IN T/YEAR OF DISPOSAL

COKE
OVEN Used in Sintering
1 Coke Fines Coke Quenching Pit 36,000
Plant

2 Oven Door Coke Ovens 15 Recycled in Coke

Cleaning Waste Ovens

3 Bag Filter Dust Coal Handling & Coke 100 Reused in

Screening Section Sintering Plant

4 Drain Sludge Drains of Entire Unit 50 Dumped

5 Oven debris Coke Ovens 120 Dumped

6 Tar residue Gas traps and seals 8 Dumped

 PRESENT
QUANTITY
UNIT NAME OF THE SOLID WASTE SOURCE METHOD OF
IN T/YEAR
DISPOSAL
COAL Site A 240 Dumped
7 Decanter Tar Sludge
CHEMICAL Site C 60 Dumped
DEPARTMENT Site A: Effluent drain 14 Sold
8 Catch Pit Sludge Site B: Effluent drain 30 Sold
Site C: Effluent drain 24 Sold
Tar Storage Tank Tar Storage Tanks
9 50 Dumped
Residue
Periodical Cleaning
10 Drain Cleaning Sludge 100 Dumped
of Drains
11 Sulphur Muck Sulphuric Acid Plant 300 Dumped
Ammonium sulphate
12 Acid Tar 12 Dumped
plant
13 V2O5 Catalyst Sulphuric Acid Plant 2.0 Dumped
Biological Treatment
14 ETP Sludge 50 Dumped
Plant/ Tar Removal
15 Pipeline Cleaning waste Gas Pipeline 45 Dumped
Reactor Cleaning,
16 Electrostatic Tar Coal Chemical and 20 Dumped
Precipitator cleaning, Sulphuric Acid Plant
Annual maintenance etc
Damaged Refractory
Furnace Tar
17 Lining & Furnace Distillation 12 Dumped
Residues
 PRESENT
NAME OF THE SOLID QUANTITY
UNIT SOURCE METHOD OF
WASTE IN T/YEAR
DISPOSAL
SINTER 18 Dust PC Equipment 8300 Recycled
PLANT 19 Sludge PC Equipment 20 Dumped
House Keeping
20 SP I & II 1500 Dumped
Waste
BLAST Granulated
21 Blast Furnace 372690 Sold
FURNACE Slag
22 Air Cooled Slag Blast Furnace 140675 Dumped
23 Flue Dust Dust Catcher 54000 Recycled
Thickener and
24 Sludge 5600 Dumped
Vacuum filter
Partly Sold &
25 Coke Breeze Screen House 89864 Partly Used in
Sinter Making
Cooling Tower
26 Cooling Tower 260 Dumped
Sludge
Sinter Screen
27 PC Equipment 30 Dumped
Bag Filter Dust
Drain Cleaning Drains of Entire
28 20 Dumped
Sludge Unit
 PRESENT
NAME OF THE SOLID QUANTITY
UNIT SOURCE METHOD OF
WASTE IN T/YEAR
DISPOSAL

LIME Lime Plant Partly Used &

DOLOMITE 29 Lime Fines 1000
Spillages Partly Dumped
AND BRICK
PLANT Rotary Kiln
(LDBP) 30 Bag Filter Dust 320 Dumped
Lime Plant

Waste
31 Furnaces 9 Dumped
Refractories

Drain Cleaning Drains of Entire

32 8 Dumped
Sludge Unit
CALCINING Partly used in
PLANT II 33 Lime Fines Spillages 2,750 Sinter making &
Partly sold

Limestone (-30 Spillages Partly used in

34 mm) 9,416 Sinter making &
Partly sold

Effluent
35 Bag Filter Dust PC Equipment 120 treatment in
CRM
 NAME OF THE SOLID QUANTITY PRESENT
UNIT WASTE SOURCE IN METHOD OF
T/YEAR DISPOSAL
STEEL 36 LD Slag LD Converter 364750 Dumped
MELTING 37 LD Dust LD, GCP (SMS-I) 1825 Dumped
SHOP (SMS I 38 Sludge GCP Thickner 93775 Dumped
& II)
Gas
39 Conditioning LD Furnaces 54 Dumped
Tower Sludge
40 Desulphurisati Desulphurisation 200 Recycled
on Slag Plant
Continuous Dumped after
41 Casting Slag Continuous Casting 30800 removal of
metallic portion
Continuous Used in
42 Casting Sludge Continuous Casting 5930 Sintering plant
(Mill Scale)
Mixing Un it
Unit
43 Deducting Bag PC measures 20 Reused
Filter Dust
Slag from Ladle and Hot
44 Mixer and Metal Reactor 22000 Dumped
Reacting area
45 Rejected LD Converter Ladle 24625 Sold/Dumped
Refractories
46 Cooling Tower Coding Tank 55 Dumped
Sludge
 NAME OF THE SOLID QUANTITY PRESENT
UNIT WASTE SOURCE IN T/YEAR METHOD OF
DISPOSAL
HOT Slabbing Mill Pit &
ROLLING 47 Mill Scales AP –I Oil Separator 7500 Used in SP
MILL
48 Soaking Pit Muck BSM Soaking Pit 20 Dumped
49 Oily Sludge from Oil HSM Oil Storage 500 Dumped
Storage Tank Tank
House Keeping
50 Waste Hot Rolling 200 Dumped
Contaminated with Lubrication water
oil
51 Rejected sand from Filtration for 100 Dumped
filtration unit recycling
Rolling Mill, Pump
52 Mill Scale House, Sett ling
Settling 26090 Recycled
tanks. Soak Pits
Pickling Line
COLD 53 Pickling Tank Sulphuric
Pickling bath
Acid 60 Dumped
Sludge
ROLLING
54 Damaged Pickling Line & Acid 35 Dumped
MILL Refractory Linings Handling
55 Oily Sludge Oil coating area 10 Dumped

56 Acidic Sludge Acid tank cleaning & 5 Dumped

house keeping

57 Reversing Mill Reversing Mill 15 Dumped

Oily Sludge (Cellar)
 QUANTITY PRESENT
UNIT NAME OF THE SOLID WASTE SOURCE IN T/YEAR METHOD OF
DISPOSAL
COLD 58 Tandem Mill Magnetic Tandem Mill 225 Dumped
ROLLING Filter Waste
MILL 59 Cellulose Filter Waste Tandem Mill 50 Dumped
60 Oily Sludge Oil Recirculation 3 Dumped
periodical cleaning
61 ETP Sludge Waste water Treatment 2.5 Dumped
62 Zinc Dross / Ash Galvanising 1600 Sold
63 Dichromate Sludge Chrome coating 10 Dumped
Tin Plating Electrolytic bath,
64 Electric cleaning bath 5.0 Dumped
Sludge
65 Tin Ash Tin smelter 0.3 Sold
66 Chrome Sludge Chrome coating section 2.0 Dumped
Acid Regeneration Unit
67 Effluent neutralisation Waste water treatment 2400 Dumped
sludge
68 Deep sump cleaning Spent Acid Collection 150 Dumped
sludge Sump
69 Rejected refractory Acid Handling 30 Dumped
lining
70 House Keeping Waste Acidic Sludge / 40 Dumped
Maintenance / Misc
Annealing
71 Annealing burner Continuous annealing 20 Dumped
pipeline waste
72 Annealing degreasing Continuous annealing 2 Dumped
sludge
73 House Keeping Annealing Unit 5 Dumped
 QUANTITY PRESENT
NAME OF THE SOLID
UNIT SOURCE IN METHOD OF
WASTE
T/YEAR DISPOSAL
SW PIPE Hydraulic Testing
74 Oily Cleaning Sludge 2 Dumped
PLANT Tank
ERW PIPE 75 Oil Tank Sludge Hydraulic Testing 3 Dumped
PLANT
Drain Cleaning
76 Entire Unit 20 Dumped
Sludge
77 Welding flame slag Spiral pipe welding 210 Dumped
SILICON 78 Pickling bath sludge Pickling bath 25 Dumped
STEEL
Damaged Pickling, acid
MILL 79 10 Dumped
refractories handling area
Acid Treatment
80 Waste oily sludge 140 Sold
Plant (ATP)
House keeping &
Acid storage and
81 periodical tank 80 Dumped
handling area
cleaning sludge
82 Damage refractories Furnaces 10 Sold/Dumped
Acid Treatment
83 Clarifier sludge 300 Dumped
Plant
 QUANTITY PRESENT
NAME OF THE SOLID
UNIT SOURCE IN METHOD OF
WASTE
T/YEAR DISPOSAL
FOUNDRY Grey Iron Foundry
84 GI Foundry 3200 Dumped
Slag
85 Steel Foundry Slag Steel Foundry 240 Dumped
Nonferrous
86 Nonferrous Slag 20 Dumped
Foundry
87 Bag Filter Dust PC Equipment 260 Dumped
88 Classifier Sludge PC Equipment 12 Dumped
Rejected Liners &
89 Furnaces 40 Dumped
damaged Bricks

90 Rejected sand Shake outs 200 Dumped

ACETYLENE
PLANT 91 Acetylene Sludge Sludge Pits 2,400 Sold / Dumped

OIL Oil Contaminated

RECLAIMA 92 Filtration 60 Dumped
Clay
TION UNIT
Storage and
93 Oil residues 3 Dumped
reactor
 QUANTIT PRESENT
NAME OF THE SOLID
UNIT SOURCE Y IN METHOD OF
WASTE
T/YEAR DISPOSAL

SPECIAL 94 Sand blasting Bag filter dust 1000 Dumped

PLATE MILL
95 Grinding Surface grinding 355 Reused

Oil quenching
96 Heat treatment 30 Dumped
sheds

97 Scale Surface treatment 300 Used

PLATE MILL
Grinding & surface
98 Mill scale 600 Used
treatment

LOCO SHED
Oil catch pits &
99 Oily sludge 60 Dumped
maintenance

HEAVY FIELD
House keeping,
MACHINARY 100 Oily Waste 10 Dumped
maintenance
 PRESENT
NAME OF THE SOLID QUANTITY
UNIT SOURCE METHOD OF
WASTE IN T/YEAR
DISPOSAL

ELECTRICAL
SHOP 101 Dedusting dust 7.5 Dumped

102 Spent solvent 2.5 Dumped

MISCELLENEOUS
Engine oil,
Transformer oil,
103 Used Oil Hydrolytic oil 559 Recycled
used Lubricant
etc. (All units)

Waste Coke Oven

104 50 Dumped
Asbestos Other Units

Rejected
105 Containers of All Units 120 Dumped/Sold
Chemical
UNITWISE WASTE GENERATION, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT
SL. UNIT QUANTITY OF WASTE
GENERATION T/ANNUM
1. Coke Oven 36293
2. Coal Chemical Department 959
3. Sinter Plant 9820
4. Blast Furnace 663139
5. Lime Dolomite and Brick Plant (LDBP) 1337
6. Calcining Plant II 12286
7. Steel Melting Shop (SMS - I & II) 544034
8. Hot Rolling Mill 34410
9. Cold Rolling Mill 4669.8
10. SW Pipe Plant 2
11. ERW Pipe Plant 233
12. Silicon Steel Mill 565
13. Foundry 3972
14 Acetylene Plant 2400
15. Oil Reclamation Unit 63
16. Special Plate Mill 1685
17. Plate Mill 600
18. Loco Shed 60
19. Heavy Field Machinery 10
20. Electrical Shop 10
21. Miscellaneous 729
Total 1317276.8
WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF SINTERING PLANT, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg

Sl. Waste pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
ratio)

Process and
01 Space 8.5 10.0 72.0 8.0 8.0 0.8 27.5
Dedusting

Scrubber
02 10.2 8.2 25.0 4.0 2.0 -- --
Sludge

House Keeping
03 Waste for 8.2 11.4 86.0 12.0 6.0 1.2 6.8
Disposal
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF COKE OVEN, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg
Sl. Waste pH
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
(1:20 ratio)
01 Coke Fines 7.6 7.4 96.0 3.0 13.2 ND 6.7
Coke Oven Door
02 6.2 10.3 112.0 4.0 14.2 ND 2.5
Cleaning Waste
Coke Handling
03 7.2 6.9 90.0 3.0 12.8 ND 6.7
Screen Dust
Drain Cleaning
04 7.5 12.0 210.0 6.0 10.8 ND 4.5
Sludge

05 Oven Debries 7.4 6.0 98.0 7.0 12.6

Residues from Gas

06 6.1 12.0 225.0 6.0 12.8 ND 14.8
Traps & Seals
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF COAL CHEMICAL UNIT, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg

Sl. Waste pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co CN
ratio)
Decanter Tar
01 7.1 ND 111.2 63.3 ND 0.4 3.0 293.0
Sludge
02 Catch Pit Sludge 7.04 35.5 180.2 72.1 41.4 5.4 54.2 302.0
Drain Cleaning
03 7.0 24.5 121.7 93.6 8.0 3.0 10.0 258.0
Sludge
04 Acid Tar 1.2 42.0 158.4 98.4 42.5 8.0 12.0 1028.0
Pipe Line --
05 6.8 ND 49.2 29.0 1.7 16.0 52.0
Cleaning Waste 20.1
06 Sulphur Muck 6.69 90.9 159.5 141.5 56.1 1.2 36.3 --
07 Spent Catalyst
08 ETP Sludge 6.21 28.0 265.4 36.7 16.5 3.2 9.5 --
Refractory
08 3.7 13.5 197.4 1.4 13.5 0.3 7.8 --
Debries
Reactor
10 2.81 8.0 48.8 10.9 22.8 1.3 17.8 --
Cleanings/Resin
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF COLD ROLLING MILL, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT
Concentration in mg/kg
Sl. Waste pH (1:20
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co Oil
ratio)
Pickling Line
Pickling Tank
01 2.1 2512.6 60.4 42.8 215.0 3.0 67.4 --
Sludge
Damaged
02 3.78 63.8 4419.1 181.2 29.3 1.9 25.4
Refractory Linings
03 Oily Sludge 7.52 45.6 23.4 84.7 27.5 3.4 28.2 112.0
Acid Tank Cleaning
04 3.52 18.6 112.5 81.5 22.6 8.5 18.6
Sludge
Reversing Mill
05 Oily Sludge 6.0 26.7 44.6 128.6 21.7 7.2 25.4
Tandem Mill
Magnetic Filter
06 7.22 1651.0 215.5 119.6 316.8 4.6 37.6 1250.6
Waste
Cellulose Filter
07 6.94 563.7 1691.8 90.7 113.8 0.9 13.5 313.7
Waste
08 Oily Sludge 6.1 462.0 38.4 75.6 64.6 0.8 12.8 2512.0
09 ETP Sludge 5.6 762.4 212.5 96.6 215.0 12.5 8.2 43.0
Galvanising
10 Zinc Dross 7.94 7.94 57.5 788856.8 897.9 8.2 1.0 9.4
3512.0 18855.6
11 Dichromate Sludge -- -- -- -- -- --
(Cr+6) (Cr+3)
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF COLD ROLLING MILL, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT
Concentration in mg/kg
Sl. Waste pH
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co Oil
(1:20 ratio)

Tin Plating
12 Bath Sludge 2.98 1604.7 63.1 67.1 427.9 2.0 53.9
13 Tin Ash -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
14 Chrome Sludge 1974 (Crvl) 13923.8 (CrIIl)
Acid Regeneration Unit
Effluent
15 Neutralisation 4.0 1526.2 612.0 68.2 316.6 4.0 48.2
Sludge
16 Deep Sump
Cleaning Sludge 2.3 68.4 97.2 112.8 136.7 8.0 12.6
Damaged
17 Refractory 1.8 57.5 786.5 106.6 47.5 4.0 8.7
Linings
18 House
Waste
Keeping 3.2 67.6 318.6 72.6 88.4 4.3 7.2
Annealing
Annealing 432.
19 Burner Pipe 7.53 400.4 23.2 13.1 41520.3 1.6 3
Cleaning
20 Annealing
Decreasing 8.85 8.85 344.2 281.8 67.1 82.5 2.6 42.4
21 House Keeping 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF BLAST FURNACE, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg

Sl. Waste pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co CN
ratio)
Granulated
01 8.57 304.3 92.0 84.2 84.3 0.8 14.3
Slag

Air Cooled
02 8.65 118.4 226.4 92.1 21.1 4.8 21.0
Slag
03 Flue Dust 8.8 8.7 310.8 118.6 10.8 2.5 15.1 50.8
Thickener
04 8.37 8.0 4446.5 2145.1 13.6 7.9 19.3
Sludge
Cooling
05 Tower 7.22 0.7 3.2 1.2 14.0 0.1 3.1
Sludge
WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF HOT ROLLING MILLS, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg

Sl. Waste pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
ratio)

01 Mill Scale 7.8 28.0 312.4 128.0 18.6 6.0 2.0

02 Oily Sludge 6.9 32.0 112.4 65.0 10.8 7.2 3.4

03 Rejected
7.2 42.4 110.8 28.2 8.5
Sand
04 Oil
Contaminated
House 8.5 12.6 97.2 76.6 21.1 8.4 ND
Keeping
Waste
WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF SILICON STEEL MILL, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg
Sl. Waste pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
ratio)
01 Pickling Bath
2.1 12.0 312.0 1.2 18.8 1.6 8.4
Sludge
02 Rejected
1.8 8.2 80.7 2.4 18.7 2.3 6.1
Refractories
03 Acid Treatment 13.
9.0 392.0 ND 16.1 0.8
Plant Sludge 7
04 Waste Oil from ATP 2.3 16.0 185.6 ND 18.5 1.2 7.2
05 Annual Cleaning
Sludge of
Equalisation Scrap, 4.2 7.4 38.4 ND 22.4 0.8 8.2
Oil Recirculation
Tank
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF FOUNDRY, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg

Sl. Waste pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
ratio)

01 Foundry Slag 10.1 10.2 112.5 3.2 12.5 4.0 8.5

Non-Ferrous
02 8.2 5678.0 672.0 25.0 75.0 12.5 48.2
Foundry Slag
03 Bag Filter Dust 8.0 25.8 218.4 11.5 25.6 3.7 7.6
04 Rejected Sand 6.2
05 Classifier Sludge 6.8

Rejected Liner &

06 7.6 28.0 98.2 12.5 28.4 6.2 3.2
Burnt Bricks
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF
STEEL MELTING SHOP I & II, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg
Sl. Waste pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
ratio)
01 LD Slag 12.67 10.7 20.6 41.4 29.7 5.9 38.3
GCP Thickner
02 12.59 36 171.7 3.9 24.2 2.7 13.1
Sludge
Continuous
03 7.5 19.2 216.8 8.6 27.5 ND 11.2
Casting Slag
Desulphurisation
04 10.78 41.3 435.6 36.1 7.7 43.3
Slag
Mixing Unit
05 Dedusting Bag 8.55 49.0 759.3 ND 32.7 8.6
Filter Dust
Rejected
06 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Refractories
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF PIPE PLANT
(SPIRAL & ERW PIPE, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT)

Sl. Waste Concentration in mg/kg

pH
(1:20 Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
ratio)

Oily Sludge for

01 7.8 36.2 314.7 12.5 27.8 7.2 12.6
Spiral

Oily Sludge for

02 ERW Pipe 8.2 32.4 216.8 8.4 36.7 8.7 11.6
Plant
 WASTE ANALYSIS RESULT OF LIME STONE & DOLOMITE PLANT,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Sl. Waste Concentration in mg/kg

pH Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
(1:20
ratio)

01 Lines Fines 11.8 8.2 36.0 28.0 21.0 3.2 11.2

Calcenig
02 12.65 11.4 44.3 46.7 27.1 5.1 33.0
Plant Dust
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF SINTERING PLANT,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Sl. Waste Concentration in Mg/Ltr

Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
Process and
01 Space ND ND 0.0273 ND 0.006 0.0172
Dedusting
Scrubber
02 ND ND ND ND ND
Sludge

House
Keeping
03 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Waste for
Disposal
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF COKE OVEN, ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Sl. Waste Concentration in mg/ltrs

Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
01 Coke Fines ND 0.0102 ND ND ND ND
02 Coke Oven ND 0.003 ND 0.012 ND 0.0254
Door Cleaning
Waste

03 Coke Handling ND 0.018 ND ND ND ND

Screen Dust
04 Drain Cleaning ND 0.03 ND 0.023 ND ND
Sludge
05 Oven Debries -- -- -- -- -- --
06 Residues from ND 0.012 ND 0.012 ND ND
Gas Traps &
Seals
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF COAL CHEMICAL UNIT,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Sl. Waste Concentration in mg/Ltrs.

Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co CN
01 Decanter Tar 0.26
ND 0.016 ND ND ND 0.007
Sludge 5
02 Catch Pit Sludge ND 0.191 ND 0.006 ND 0.013 0.06
03 Drain Cleaning
ND 0.16 ND 0.005 ND 0.017 0.12
Sludge
04 Acid Tar ND 0.21 ND 0.007 ND 0.02 0.25
05 Pipe Line
ND 0.25 0.02 ND ND 0.05 ND
Cleaning Waste
06 Muck ND 0.06 ND ND 0.008 0.03 --
07 Spent Catalyst
08 ETP Sludge ND 0.18 ND ND ND 0.01 ND
09 Refractory
ND 0.27 ND 0.008 0.004 ND ND
Debries
10 Reactor
0.097 0.65 0.11 0.558 ND 0.15 --
Cleanings
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF COLD ROLLING MILL,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT
Sl. Waste Concentration in mg/Ltrs.
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
Pickling Line
01 Pickling Line Sludge 0.08 0.06 ND 0.004 ND 0.007
02 Damaged/Rejected 0.098 0.89 0.39 0.046 0.017 0.71
Refractory Liner
03 Oil Coating Sludge (House -- -- -- -- -- --
Keeping)
04 Acid Tank Cleaning & ND 0.12 0.08 0.01 0.006 0.08
House Keeping
Reversing
05 Oily Sludge (Oil ND 0.08 ND 0.002 ND ND
Recirculation Unit)
Tandem Mill 0.009 1.18 0.002 ND ND 0.01
06 Magnetic Filter Waste ND 0.9 0.003 ND ND 0.02
07 Water Paper Filter ND 0.16 ND ND ND 0.01
08 Oily Sludge from Cooler 0.008 0.21 ND ND ND 0.02
(Recycling Unit)
09 ETP Sludge ND 0.23 ND ND ND ND
 Sl. Waste Concentration in mg/Ltrs.
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
Galvanising
10 Zinc Dross/Ash ND 0.23 ND ND ND ND
11 Dichromate Sludge Tin
Plating
12 Electrolyte Electronic 2.17 0.68 0.8 4.47 0.013 1.45
Cleaning Sludge
13 Tin Ash ND ND 0.04 ND ND ND
14 Chromate Sludge -- -- -- -- -- --
15 Effluent Neutralisation 0.04 0.8 0.03 0.002 0.005 0.03
Sludge
16 Deep Scup Cleaning ND 0.45 0.02 ND ND 0.025
Sludge
17 Rejected Refractory 0.004 55.8 0.05 0.18 0.012 0.09
Lining of Acid
Regeneration Unit

18 Oil Containing House -- -- -- -- -- --

Keeping Waste
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF BLAST FURNACE,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Sl. Waste
Concentration in mg/Ltr.

Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co

Granulated
01 ND ND ND ND 0.003 ND
Slag

02 Air Cooled Slag ND ND ND ND 0.002 ND

03 Flue Dust ND 0.3 ND ND 0.004 ND

Thickener
04 ND 0.01 ND ND 0.001 ND
Sludge
Cooling Tower
05 ND 0.01 ND ND ND 0.04
Sludge
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF HOT ROLLING MILLS,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/kg
Sl. Waste
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
01 Soaking Pit 0.02 0.06 ND 0.001 0.026 ND

02 Oily Sludge -- -- -- -- -- --

03 Rejected Sand ND ND ND ND ND 0.02

04 Oil -- -- -- -- -- --
Contaminated
House Keeping
Waste
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF SILICON STEEL MILL,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Sl. Waste Concentration in mg/kg

Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co

01 Pickling Sludge 0.002 0.08 ND ND ND 0.007

02 Rejected Refractories 0.04 1.2 0.05 0.21 0.017 0.06

Acid Treatment Plant

03 ND 0.76 ND 0.006 ND 0.02
Sludge
04 Waste Oil from ATP -- -- -- -- -- --

Annual Cleaning Sludge

05 of Equalisation Sand, Oil -- -- -- -- -- --
Recirculation Tank
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF STEEL MELTING SHOP I & II,
ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/Ltr.
Sl. Waste
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co
01 LD Slag 0.007 ND 0.1 ND ND 0.05
GCP Thickner
02 0.02 ND ND ND 0.006 0.03
Sludge
Continuous
03 0.006 ND ND ND 0.004 0.04
Casting Slag
Desulphurisatio
04 0.015 ND ND ND ND 0.02
n Slag
Mixing Unit
05 Dedusting Bag 0.015 0.006 0.16 ND 0.017 0.03
Filter Dust
Rejected
06 -- -- -- -- --
Refractories
 LEACHATE ANALYSIS RESULT OF PIPE PLANT
(SPIRAL & ERW PIPE), ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Concentration in mg/Ltr.
Sl. Waste
Cu Zn Pb Ni Cd Co

Oily Sludge for

01 0.02 0.04 ND ND 0.012 0.02
Spiral

Oily Sludge for

02 ND 0.3 ND ND 0.01 0.03
ERW Pipe Plant
 TCLP Standard

Sl. No. Parameters Concentration

1. PH 4-12
2. Total Phenols <100 mg/l
3. Arsenic <1 mg/l
4. Lead <2 mg/l
5. Cadmium <0.2 mg/l
6. Chromium –VI <0.5 mg/l
7. Copper <10 mg/l
8. Nickel <3 mg/l
9. Mercury <0.1 mg/l
10. Zinc <10 mg/l
11. Fluoride <50 mg/l
12. Ammonia <1000 mg/l
13. Cyanide <2 mg/l
14. Nitrate <30 mg/l
15. Absorbable Organic bound Chlorine <3 mg/l
16. Water soluble compounds except salts <10%
 HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION IN RSP
(As per HW (M & H) Amendment Rules, 2003)
Unit Haz. Waste Source Waste Schedule Quantity in
Stream / T/Annum
Classes
COKE OVEN 1. Tar Residues Gas Traps & Seals 1.2 1 8.0
COAL 2. Decanter Tar Sludge Decanter 13.4 1 270
CHEMICALS 3. Catch Pit Sludge Catch Pits 1.2 1 68
DEPT. 4. Tar Storage Tank Storage Tank Cleaning 13.5 1 50
Residue
5. Drain cleaning sludge Drain cleaning 1.2 1 30
6. Acid tar sludge Ammonium sulphate unit 1.2 1 12
13.5
7. muck Sulphuric acid plant D1 2 300
8. V2O5 Catalyst Sulphuric acid plant 17.2 1 2.0
9. Reactor Cleaning, ETP H2SO4, Electrostatic Tar 17.1 1 20
Cleaning, Annual Perception 1.2
Maintenance (Tarry & Acidic)
10. Pipeline cleaning Coke oven gas pipeline E1 2 45
waste deposited waste B1 1
11. Refractory Lining of H2SO4 Plant 33.3 1 12
sulphuric acid plant
HOT 12. Oily sludge API oil separator, Oil 5.2 1 700
ROLLING storage tank, Hot Rolling
MILLS Lubrication
13. Rejected sand Rolling Water recycling 5.2 1 100
 Unit Haz. Waste Source Waste Schedule Quantity in
Stream / T/Annum
Classes
COLD 14. Pickling Line Pickling bath D2 2 60
ROLLING Pickling tank sludge
MILLS 15. Damaged refractory Pickling and Acid Handling 33.3 1 35
lining Area D2 2
16. Oily sludge Oil cooling 5.2 1 10
17. Reversing Mill Reversing Mill oil recirculation
Oily Sludge 5.2 1 15
18. Tandem Mill Magnetic separator of oil
Magnetic Filter Waste recirculation 5.2 1 225
19. Cellulose Filter Cellulose paper filtration 5.2 1 50
20. Oily Sludge Oil recirculation unit (Celler) 5.2 1 3
21. ETP Sludge Waste Water Treatment 34.3 1 2.5
Galvanising 6.2 & 1 1600
22. Zinc Dross Ash Galvanising 6.3
23. Dichromate sludge Chrome coating A5 2 10
Tin plating Electrolytic bath, Electric D2 2 5
24. Sludge Cleaning bath
25. Chrome sludge Coating A5 2 2.0
Acid Regeneration unit
26. Effluent neutralisation Waste water treatment 34.3 1 2400
sludge
27. Deep sump cleaning Cleaning of deep sump spent D2 2 150
sludge
28. Rejected refractory Acid Handling & Regeneration 33.3 1 30
lining
29. House keeping waste Acidic Sludge from reactor D2 2 40
maintenance
Annealing
30. Burner pipe line waste Annealing Unit B6 2 20
 Unit Haz. Waste Source Waste Schedule Quantity in
Stream / T/Annum
Classes
PIPEPLANT (SW 31. Oily sludge Oil recirculation 5.2 1 5
& ERW)
SILICON STEEL 32. Pickling bath sludge Pickling Line D2 2 25
MILLS 33. Damaged Refractory Pickling line& acid handling D2 2 10
34. Oily sludge Acid Treatment plant 5.2 1 140
35. House keeping & Acid storage cleaning, ATP 5.2 1 80
Periodical tank cleaning oil recirculation D2 2
cleaning tank cleaning etc.
36. Clarifier sludge Acid treatment plant 34.3 1 85
FOUNDRY 37. Nonferrous foundry Nonferrous foundry B3 2 20
slag
OIL 38. Oil contaminated clay Spent bleaching earth 5.2 1 60
RECLAIMATION 39. Oil residues Oil storage 5.2 1 3
UNIT
SPECIAL PLATE 40. Special plate grinding Dry grinding B6 2 355
MILL waste
41. Filtration sludge Oil quenching 5.2 1 30
B1 2
LOCOSHED 42. Oily sludge Settling pit & house keeping 5.2 1 60
HEAVY FIELD 43. Oily waste House keeping / 5.2 1 10
MACHINARIES maintenance
ELECTRICAL 44. Spent solvent Electrical equipment 20.2 1 2.5
SHOP maintenance
MISCELLANEOUS 45. Used oil Various units 5.1 1 559
46. Rejected Container of All units 33.3 1 120
Chemicals
Total 7839
 UNITWISE HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION

Sl. Unit Hazardous Waste

T/Annum
01 Coke Oven 8
02 Coal Chemicals Dept. 809
03 Hot Rolling Mills 800
04 Cold Rolling Mills 4657.5
05 Pipe plant (SW & ERW) 5
06 Silicon Steel Mills 340
07 Foundry 20
08 Oil Reclaimation Unit 63
09 Special Plate Mill 385
10 Locoshed 60
11 Heavy Field Machineries 10
12 Electrical Shop 2.5
13 Miscellaneous 679
Total 7839
 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000

Cok e O v en

Coal Chemicals Dept.

Hot Rolling Mills

Cold Rolling Mills

Pipe plant (SW & ERW)

Silic on Steel Mills

Foundry

O il Rec laimation Unit

Spec ial Plate Mill

Loc oshed

Heav y Field Mac hineries

Elec tric al Shop

Mis cellaneous
 HAZARDOUS WASTE CATEGORISATION
BASED ON DISPOSAL / TREATMENT OPTIONS

Sl. Unit Hazardous Waste T/Annum Total

Land Recyclable Incinerable
Disposable
01 Coke Oven -- -- 8 8
02 Coal Chemicals Dept. 379 68 362 809
03 Hot Rolling Mills 100 -- 700 800
04 Cold Rolling Mills 2754.5 1600 303 4657.5
05 Pipe plant (SW & -- -- 5 5
ERW)
06 Silicon Steel Mills 340.0 140 5 340
07 Foundry 20.0 -- -- 20
08 Oil Reclaimation Unit -- -- 63 63
09 Special Plate Mill 355 -- 30 385
10 Locoshed -- -- 60 60
11 Heavy Field -- -- 10 10
Machineries
12 Electrical Shop -- -- 2.5 2.5
13 Miscellaneous 120 559 -- 679
Total 4068.5 2367 1551.0 7839
INCINERABLE, LAND DISPOSABLE AND RECYCLABLE
WASTE GENERATED FROM ROURKELA STEEL PLANT

Incinerable
19%

Land Disposable
51%

Recyclable
30%