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Soal Tes TOEFL Dan Pembahasan Jawaban Structure
Soal Tes TOEFL Dan Pembahasan Jawaban Structure
Soal Tes TOEFL Dan Pembahasan Jawaban Structure
Soal-soal TOEFL dan pembahasan kunci jawabannya kini sedang gencar dicari oleh para pelajar
yang ingin mengikut tes TOEFL. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ini maka melalui tulisan ini kami akan
membahas terkait soal TOEFL structure dan pembahasan.
Soal TOEFL Structure
1. Amanda Way's career as a social reformer____ in 1851 when, at an antislavery meeting in
Indiana, she called for a state woman's rights convention.
(A) begin
(B) began
(C) have begun
(D) to have begun
2. The celesta, an orchestral percussion instrument, resembles___.
(A) a small upright piano
(B) how a small upright piano
(C) a small upright piano is
(D) as a small upright piano
3. Thomas Paine, _____, wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet that identified the American colonies
with the cause of liberty.
(A) writer of eloquent
(B) whose eloquent writing
(C) an eloquent writer
(D) writing eloquent
4. Although beavers rarely remain submerged for more than two minutes, they can stay
underwater ___fifteen minutes before having to surface for air.
(A) as long
(B) as long as
(C) so long
(D) so long that
5. Protein digestion begins in the stomach ____ends in the small intestine.
(A) while
(B) and
(C) how
(D) because
6. When natural gas burns, its___ into atoms of carbon and hydrogen.
(A) hydrocarbon molecules, breaking up
(B) broke up by hydrocarbon molecules
(C) hydrocarbon molecules break up
(D) broken up hydrocarbon molecules
7. _____ ballet dancers learn five basic positions for the arms and feet.
(A) All of
(B) Of every
(C) All
(D) Every
8. Some colonies of bryozoans, small marine animals, form ___with trailing stems.
(A) creeping colonies
(B) which colonies creep
(C) creeping colonies are
(D) colonies creep
9. Ruth Bader Ginsburg argued six women's rights cases before the United States Supreme Court
in the 1970's,____
(A) of five winning them
(B) five winning of them
(C) of them five winning
(D) winning five of them
10. Natural selection is defined as the process ___the course of evolution by preserving those traits
best adapted for an organism's survival.
(A) to which directs
(B) of which directs it
(C) directs it
(D) that directs
11. ____ 363 miles between the cities of Albany and Buffalo in New York State, the Eric Canal
helped link the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes.
(A) The extension of
(B) The extension
(C) Extending
(D) Extends
12.The chief sources of B12, a water-soluble vitamin ____ stored in the body, include meat, milk
and eggs.
(A) is not
(B) that is not
(C) not that is
(D) that not
13. ____ is rooted in experiments in iron and steel conducted in the nineteenth century.
(A) While the history of twentieth-century architecture
(B) The history of twentieth-century architecture
(C) That the history of twentieth-century architecture
(D) Both twentieth-century architecture and its history
14.The primary source of energy for tropical cyclones is the latent heat released when ____
(A) does water vapor condense
(B) condensed water vapor
(C) water vapor condenses
(D) the condensation of water vapor
15. Maufacturing is Canada's most important economic activity, ____17 percent of the workforce.
(A) engages
(B) and to engage
(C) that it engage
(D) engaging
Kunci jawaban dari soal TOEFL structure di atas yaitu: BACBB CCADD CBBCD. Di bawah kami
telah berikan pembahasan terkait soal-soal TOEFL tersebut. Semoga dapat membantu kecakapan
Anda dalam menajwab soal-soal TOEFL ke depannya terutama pada hari ujian.
Pembahasan Soal TOEFL
1. Jawaban (B) began.
Kalimat tersebut terdiri dari dua clause:
1. Amanda Way's career as a social reformer____ in 1851 when
2. she called for a state woman's rights convention.
Anda bisa lihat bahwa clause pertama kehilangan verb (kata kerja) olehnya yang harus kita cari
yaitu verb yang bisa mengisi clause tersebut. Jawaban A salah. Clause ke dua menggunakan kata
kerja bentuk past (called) jadi begin yang berbentuk present tidak paralel dengan clause ke dua
tersebut. Kalimat harus paralel. Jawaban C berbentu past perfect. Ingat past perfect tak akan
menggunakan kata keterangan waktu yang pasti seperti pada kalimat ini. Kata keterangan waktu
yang pasti pada klaimat ini yaitu in 1851. Jawaban D lebih jelas tak sesuai.
2. Jawaban (A) a small upright piano.
Kalimat ini membutuhkan objek dari kata kerja resemble = mirip.
3. Jawaban (C) an eloquent writer.
Di antara ke dua koma stelah subject itu membutuhkan appositive yang menjelaskan terkait
identitas subject Thomas Paine.
4. Jawaban (B) as long as.
as long as = and.
5. Jawaban (B) and.
dua kata kerja begins dan ends. jadi dibutuhkan kata penghubung and untuk menghubungkannya.
6. Jawaban (C) hydrocarbon molecules break up.
Kata its membutuhkan Noun (phrase) setelahnya. Phrase hydrocarbon molecules sesuai dengan
persyaratan in, sementara kata break up menjadi verb dari its hydrocarbon molecules.
7. kunci jawaban (C) All.
Jika menggunakan jawaban A maka seharusya all of the ballet dancers. Jawaban D salah. Kata
every harus bertemu noun singular sementara dancers berbentuk jamak.
8. Jawaban (A) creeping colonies.
Kata kerja form membutuhkan object.
9. Jawaban yang benar yaitu (D) winning five of them.
Hanya saja saya kurang yakin bagaimana cara menjelaskannya. Kalau saya lihat-lihat bentuk ini
masuk di reduction (adverb clause). Jadi winning five of them itu merupakan phrase yang
direduksi (hasil reduction) dari adverb clause. Hanya saja yang saya lihat di buku referensi saya -
Betty semua contoh Phrase hasil reduction dari adverb clause posisinya di depan kalimat. Jadi
itulah mengapa saya kurang yakin dengan penjelasan terkait soal ini. Menurut saya inilah soal
TOEFL. Kalau kita perhatikan di buku-buku akademik tingkat advanced banyak kalimat yg
menurut kita agak aneh.
10. Jawaban yang sesuai adalah (D) that directs.
Jawaban soal ini terkait penggunaan adjective clause yang menjelaskan kata the process.
11. Jawaban yang benar yaitu (C) Extending.
Pelajari tentang reduction dalam adverb clause.
Extending 363 miles between the cities of Albany and Buffalo in New York State. merupkan hasil
reduction dari the Eric Canal extends 363 miles between the cities of Albany and Buffalo in New
York State.
12. Jawaban yang tepat ialah (B) that is not.
Ada dua clause:
1. The chief sources of B12 include meat, milk and eggs.
2. a water-soluble vitamin ____ stored in the body.
Clause ke dua menjelaskan subejct dari clause pertama. Clause ke dua tersebut membutuhkan
verb.
13. Jawaban yang benar yaitu (B) The history of twentieth-century architecture.
Kalimat ini membutuhkas subject.
14. Jawaban yang benar yaitu (C) water vapor condenses.
Sudah jelas
15. Jawaban (D) engaging.
Mirip dengan bentuk soal no. 9.
Soal Tes TOEFL dan Pembahasan Jawaban Structure (Model Test 1 by Cliffs)
Soal TOEFL dan Pembahasan Kunci Jawaban (Structure) di bawah ini bersumber dari buku Cliffs-
TOEFL Preparation Guide.
Perlu Anda ketahui bahwa sesi Structure and Written Expression terdiri dari 40 soal. 15 soal
pertama merupakan soal structure sementara 35 selebihnya merupakan soal written expression.
Ke empat puluh (40) soal tes TOEFL sesi structure and written expression ini harus Anda jawab
dalam waku 25 menit. Waktu yang tidak lama. Olehnya kami sarankan Anda untuk banyak-banyak
mengulang pelajaran dalam hal pemahama Anda terkait grammar atau materi structure TOEFL.
Dalam situs ini, Anda dapat menemukan berbagai tips belajar TOEFL termasuk Metode Belajar
Structure, Grammar TOEFL yang Baik, 10 Materi Sering Diujikan pada Tes Structure TOEFL, dan
masih banyak tips lainnya.
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Soal Tes TOEFL
1. Captain Henry,_____________ crept slowly through the underbrush.
A. being remote from the enemy,
B. attempting to not encounter the enemy,
C. trying to avoid the enemy,
D. not involving himself in the enemy,
2. Tommy was one ____________________
A. of the happy childs of his class
B. of the happiest child in the class
C. child who was the happiest of all the class
D. of the happiest children in the class
3._____________ he began to make friends more easily.
A. Having entered school in the new city, it was found that
B. After entering the new school,
C. When he had been entering the new school,
D. Upon entering into the new school,
4. It is very difficult to stop the cultivation of marijuana because _____________
A. it grows very carelessly
B. or it`s growth without attention
C. it grows well with little care
D. it doesn`t care much to grow
5. The fact that space exploration has increased dramatically in the past thirty ___________
A. is an evidence of us wanting to know more of our solar system
B. indicates that we are very eager to learn all we can about our solar system
C. how we want to learn more about the solar system
D. is pointing to evidence of our intention to know a lot more about what is called our solar system
6. Many of the current international problems we are now facing _______________
A. linguistic incompetencies
B. are the result of misunderstandings
C. are because of not understanding themselves
D. lacks of the intelligent capabilities of understanding each other
7. Mr.Roberts is a noted chemist_____________
A. as well as an effective teacher
B. and too a very efficient teacher
C. but he teaches very good in addition
D. however he teaches very good also
8. Public television stations are different from commercial stations __________________
A. because they receive money differently and different types of shows
B. for money and program types
C. in the areas of funding and programming
D. because the former receives money and has programs differently from the latter
9. Manufacturers often sacrifice quality _______________________ -
A. for a larger profit margin
B. in place of to earn more money
C. to gain more quantities of money
D. and instead earn a bigger amount of profit
10. Automobile production in the United States ____________
A. have taken slumps and rises in recent years
B. has been rather erratic recently
C. has been erratically lately
D. are going up and down all the time
11. A major problem in the construction of new buildings _______________
A. is that windows have been eliminates while air conditioning systems have not been perfected
B. is they have eliminated windows and still don't have good air conditioning
C. is because windows are eliminated but air conditioners don't work good
D. is dependent on the fact that while they have eliminated windows, they are not capable to
produce efficient air conditioning systems
12.John said that no other car could go ______________
A. so fast like his car
B. as fast like his car
C. as fast like the car of him
D. as fast as his car
13. Her grades have improved, but only ________________
A. in a small amount
B. very slightly
C. minimum
D. some
14. While attempting to reach his home before the storm,_______________
A. the bicycle of John broke down
B. it happened that John's bike broke down
C. the storm caught John
D. John had an accident on his bicycle
15. The changes in this city have occurred _________________
A. with swiftness
B. rapidly
C. fastly
D. in rapid ways
Di bawah ini kami kembali menyediakan Soal TOEFL dan Pembahasan Jawaban (Structure)
sebagai versi ke dua yang bersumber dari buku TOEFL CLiff (Preparation Guide for the TOEFL
Test). Sementara pada postingan sebelumnya telah kami posting versi ke satu dari Soal TOEFL
dari Cliff yang judulnya tidak jauh beda dengan postingan kali ini yaitu Soal Tes TOEFL dan
Pembahasan Kunci Jawaban (Structure).
Tips dalam menjawab soal structure dalam tes TOEFL yaitu dengan membaca ke semua kalimat
termasuk pilihan jawaban. Kemudian Anda mesti mengingat-mengingat atau mencocokkan
kebenaran dari pilihan jawaban atas rumus-rumus structure atau grammar yang telah Anda
pelajari selama ini. Yang terakhir Anda harus mengeliminasi jawaban yang secara jelas salah.
Semoga soal TOEFL beserta kunci jawaban dan pembahasan di bawah ini dapat membantu Anda
dalam mempersiapkan diri menghadapai tes TOEFL nantinya. Kritik dan saran Anda terkait materi
yang kami posting di situs Pusat TOEFL akan sangat membantu kelancaran postingan kami.
Soal Tes TOEFL
1. The attorney told his client that _________________________
A. They had little chance of winning the case.
B. The case was of a small chance to win
C. It was nearly impossible to win him the case.
D. The case had a minimum chance to be won by him.
2. One of the professor’s greatest attributes is _______________
A. when he gives lectures
B. how in the manner that he lectures
C. the way to give lectures
D. his ability to lecture
3. The bank sent a notice to its customers which contained _______________
A. a remembrance that interest rate were to raise the following month
B. a reminder that a raise in interest rates was the month following
C. to remember that interest rates were going up next month
D. a reminder that interest rates would rise the following month.
4. ______________ was the day before yesterday.
A. The France’s Independence Day
B. The day of the French independence
C. French’s Independence Day
D. France’s Independence Day
5. It was not until she had arrived home ______________ remembered her appointment with the
doctor.
A. when she
B. that she
C. and she
D. she
6. George would certainly have attended the proceedings ________________
A. if he didn’t get a flat tire
B. if the flat tire hadn’t happended.
C. had he not had a flat tire
D. had the tire not flattened itself.
7. _______________ received law degrees as today.
A. Never so many women have
B. Never have so many women
C. The women aren’t ever
D. Women who have never
8. The students liked that professor’s course because _____________________
A. there was few if any homework
B. not a lot of homework
C. of there wasn’t a great amount of homework
D. there was little or no homework.
9. George ______________ he could improve his test scores, but he didn’t have enough time to study.
A. knew to
B. knew how
C. knew how that
D. knew how to
10. _________________ he would have come to class.
A. If Mike is able to finish his homework
B. Would Mike be able to finish his homework
C. If Mike could finish his homework
D. If Mike had been able to finish his homework.
11. Lee contributed fifty dollars, but he wishes he could contribute _______________
A. one other fifty dollars
B. the same amount also
C. another fifty
D. more fifty dollars
12. The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware _____________ she
had gone.
A. where that
B. of where
C. of the place where
D. the place
13. Fred’s yearly income since he changed professions has _________________
A. nearly tripled
B. got almost three times bigger
C. almost grown by three times
D. just about gone up three times
14. Nancy hasn’t begun working on her Ph.D, ________________ working on her master’s.
A. still because she is yet
B. yet as a result she is still
C. yet because she is still
D. still while she is already
15. The director of this organization must know _____________________
A. money management, selling, and able to satisfy the stockholders
B. how to manage money, selling his product, and be able to satisfy the stockholders
C. how to manage money, sell his product, and satisfy the stockholders
D. money management, selling, the idea of being able to satisfy the stockholders.
Kunci Jawaban
1. A
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. D
9. B
10. D
11. C
12. B
13. A
14. C
15. C
Pembahasan Jawaban
Untuk pembahasan jawaban dari soal TOEFL dan pembahasan jawaban versi ke dua ini akan kami
update beberapa hari kemudian. Berhubung admin masih punya kesibukan lain. Jangan lupa
untuk berlangganan postingan atau materi TOEFL di Pusat TOEFL agar Anda tidak ketinggalan
soal-soal TOEFL.
Soal TOEFL (Structure Test 3)
Soal TOEFL (Structure Test 4)
Directions: Question 1-15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four
words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that best
completes the sentences. Then on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in
the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Fill in the space so that
the letter inside the oval cannot be seen.
1. The Cyclist _______ he crossed the main street
(A) Looked with caution after.
(B) Had looked cautiously before.
(C) Was looked cautions when.
(D) looks cautious when.
2. Here_______ notebook and report that I promised you last week
(A) Is the.
(B) Are the.
(C) Was the.
(D) Has been a.
3. Neither Jane nor her brothers _______ a consent from for tomorrow's field Trip
(A) Need.
(B) Needs.
(C) Is needing.
(D) Has need.
4. Cuba is _______ sugar-growing areas in the world
(A) One of the larger.
(B) One of largest.
(C) One of the largest.
(D) Largest.
5. The skiers would rather _______ through the mountains than go by bus
(A) To travel on train.
(B) Traveled by train.
(C) Travel by train.
(D) Travelling by the train.
6. That magnificent _______ temple was constructed by the Chinese
(A) eight-centuries-old.
(B) Eight-centuries’s-old.
(C) Old-eight centuries.
(D) eight-century-old.
7. There were two small rooms in the beach house, _______ served as as a kitchen.
(A) The smaller of which
(B) The Smallest of which.
(C) The Smaller of them.
(D) Smallest of that.
8. Pioneer men and women endured terrible hardships, and _______
(A) So do their children.
(B) Neither did the children.
(C) Also the Childs.
(D) Had he studied more.
9. Mr. Duncan _______ his brother, who has a better position.
(A) Twice as much as.
(B) Twice more than.
(C) Twice as many as.
(D) Twice as more as.
10. _______, he would have been able to pass the exam.
(A) If he studied more.
(B) If he were studying to a greater degree.
(C) Studying more
(D) He had studied more.
11. Mr. Duncan does not know _______ the lawn mower after they had finished using it.
(A) When did they put.
(B) When they did put.
(C) Where they put.
(D) Where to put.
12. The facilities of the older hospital _______
(A) is as good of better than the new hospital.
(B) Are as good or better than the new hospital.
(C) Are as good as or better than the new hospital.
(D) Are as good as or better than those of the new hospital.
13. Our flight from Amsterdam to London was delayed _______.
(A) Write a composition on their.
(B) To write composition about the.
(C) wrote some composition of his or her.
(D) Had written any composition for his.
14. The teacher suggested that her students _______ experiences with ESP.
(A) Write a composition on their.
(B) To write composition about the.
(C) wrote some composition of his or her.
(D) Had written any composition for his.
15. Of the two new teachers, one is experienced and _______
(A) The others are not.
(B) Another is inexperienced.
(C) The other is not.
(D) Other lacks experience.
Kunci Jawaban Soal TOEFL (Structure 4)
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. D
9. A
10. D
11. C
12. D
13. A
14. A
15. C
1. In the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, the United States developed the reusable space shuttle
________to space cheaper and easier.
A. to make access
B. and making access
C. which made accessible
D. and made accessible.
Pembahasan: to Infinitive
2. Genetically, the chimpanzee is more similar to humans _______.
A. are than any other animal
B. than is any other animal
C. any other animal is
D. and any other animal is
Pembahasan: Comparative Degree
3._______more than 65,000 described species of protozoa, of which more than half are fossils.
A. Being that there are
B. There being
C. Are there
D. There are
Pembahasan: There are (Subject di belakang verb)
4.The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 ___ nearly unanimously through the United States Congress.
A. passed
B. in passage
C. having passed
D. passing
Pembahasan: Kehilangan verb
5.Modern skyscrapers have a steel skeleton of beams and columns ___a three-dimensional grid.
A. forms
B. from which forming
C. and forming
D. that forms
Pembahasan: Adjective Clause
6.The average level of United States prices grew very little from 1953 until the mid-1960’s when
____________.
A. did inflation begin
B. inflation began
C. the beginning of inflation
D. did the beginning of inflation
Pembahasan: Adverb clause --> kehilangan subject & verb
7.The basis premise behind all agricultural production is _____available the riches of the soil for
human consumption.
A. to be made
B. the making
C. making is
D. to make
Pembahasan: to infinitive --> be (is, are, am, was, were) + to inf.
8.___to the United States House of Representatives in 1791, Nathaniel Macon remained in office
until 1815.
A. Election
B. Why he was elected
C. Elected
D. Who was elected
Pembahasan: Past Participle / Reduction in Adjective Clause
9.________ of classical ballet in the United States began around 1830.
A. To teach
B. Is teaching
C. It was taught
D. The teaching
Pembahasan: Kehilangan Subject. Ingat Noun + of + Noun
10.The universe is estimated ___between 10 billion and 20 billion years old.
A. being
B. to be
C. which is
D. is
Pembahasan: to infintive
11. A situation in which an economic market is dominated by a ____ is known as a monopoly.
A. single of a product seller
B. product single of a seller
C. seller of a product single
D. single seller of a product
Pembahasan: Adjective (single) + Noun (seller) ---> Noun + of + Noun
12.____ freshwater species of fish build nests of sticks, stones, or scooped-out sand..
A. As the many
B. Of the many
C. Many
D. Many of them are
Pembahasan: Butuh pelengkap subject.
13.Newspaper publishers in the united states have estimated ___________reads a newspaper every
day.
A. nearly 80 percent of the adult population who
B. it is nearly 80 percent of the adult population
C. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population who
D. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population
Pembahasan: Noun Clause kehilangan subject
14. The foundation of all other branches of mathematics is arithmetic, _ science of calculating with
numbers.
A. is the
B. the
C. which the
D. because the
Pembahasan: Appositive
15.Nylon was ___the human-made fibers.
A. the first of which
B. what the first of
C. it the first of
D. the first of
Pembahasan: butuh complement ... B dan C sudah pasti salah karena kalimat di atas telah memiliki
Subject dan Verb (lengkap u/ 1 clause).
1. Many scientists believe _____ as a result of a collision between the newly formed Earth and a
large asteroid.
A. that the Moon was formed
B. in that the Moon was formed
C. that the Moon formed was
D. when the Moon was formed
Kunci Jawaban: A. that the Moon was formed
2. The organ-pipe cactus is _____ in the United States.
A. Rare that
B. It rare
C. so that rare
D. rare
Kunci Jawaban: D. rare
3. Willa Cather,_____, gained recognition for her books concerning the American frontier.
A. a novelist and Pulitzer prizewinning
B.a Pulitzer prizewinning novelist
C.a Pulitzer prizewinning novelist who
D.was a Pulitzer prizewinning novelist
Kunci Jawaban: B. a Pulitzer prizewinning novelist
4. The average wavelength of visible light is 2,000 times _____ the diameter of an atom.
A. much as
B. as great
C. greater than
D. more than that
Kunci Jawaban: C. greater than
5. _____ ants live in nests, which may be located in the ground, under a rock, or built above ground
and may be made of twigs, sand, or gravel.
A. Most
B. The most of
C. Most of
D. Of the most
Kunci Jawaban: A. Most
6. The banking systems of the world have many similarities, _____ they also differ, sometimes in
quite material respects.
A. of which
B. in spite of
C. but
D. how
Kunci Jawaban: C. but
7. Learning that takes place in infancy provides the____ for the eventual transformation of a child
into an adult.
A. foundation is necessary
B. necessary foundation is
C. necessary in the foundation
D. foundation necessary
Kunci Jawaban: D. foundation necessary
8. In the late 1930’s and early 1940’s, Jacob Lawrence created many paintings _____ the lives of
famous African American activists.
A. portayed
B. portrayed them
C. that they portrayed
D. that portrayed
Kunci Jawaban: D. that portrayed
9. The Centennial Exposition, _____ in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1876, celebrated the one-
hundredth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
A. was held
B. to be held
C. held
D. by holding
Kunci Jawaban: C. held
10. In the dark abyss of the deep sea _____ is produced by luminescent fish.
A. because the only light
B. the only light
C. the only light that
D. is the only light
Kunci Jawaban: B. the only light
11. The classic American novel Moby Dick____ an account of the conflict between human beings
and their fate.
A. may be regarded as
B. as may be regarded
C. regarded as may be
D.regarded may as be
Kunci Jawaban: A. may be regarded as
12. In the metals industry, hydrogen is used to prevent metals from tarnishing while undergoing
_____.
A. treated by heat
B. heat treatments
C. by heat treatments
D. heat-treated
Kunci Jawaban: B. heat treatments
1. Over the centuries, ____ that try to explain the origins of the university.
(A) although many theories
(B) many theories
(C) have many theories been
(D) there have been many theories
Pembahasan Jawaban:
Langkah 1: 'that try to explain the origins of the university' merupakan adjective clause.
Adjective clause menjelaskan noun yang letaknya sebelum adjective clause itu sendiri. Jadi
sebelum adjective clause di atas mesti ada noun yang dijelaskan. Pilihan C sudah jelas
salah karena bukan noun yang sebelum adjective clause tapi 'been'.
Langkah 2: Kalimat di atas terdapat 1 clause 'that try to explain the origins of the
university' yang terdapat connector 'that' yang juga berfungsi sebagai subject dari verb
'try'. Adanya 1 connector menandakan dalam kalimat tersebut terdapat dua clause.
Olehnya yang kita butuhkan dari pilihan jawaban ialah 1 clause. Clause ialah kumpulan
kata yang didalamnya terdapat subject dan verb. Pilihan A dan B bukanlah clause. Jadi
pilihan yang tepat ialah pilihan D.
2. The planet Venus is almost exactly the same size and mass _____ Earth, with a similar
interior, including a nickel-iron core.
(A) to
(B) as
(C) is
(D) than
Pembahasan Jawaban: the same + as
3. George Washington Carver ____ international fame for revolutionizing agriculture
research
in the southern United States during the early twentieth century.
(A) won
(B) winning
(C) who has won
(D) the winner of
Pembahasan Jawaban: Kalimat di atas kehilangan verb jadi kita butuh verb.
4. Constituting one of the earliest engineering techniques, ______ in Paleolithic time was
done in order to extend natural caves.
(A) tunnels were built
(B) which built tunnels
(C) the building of tunnels
(D) tunnels whose building
Pembahasan Jawaban: Kalimat di atas buuth subject. Verb dari kalimat di atas ialah 'was
done'.
5. The tulip tree is native to the eastern United States, _____ the tallest and largest
broadleaf
tree.
(A) where
(B) where it is
(C) it is where
(D) is where
Pembahasan Jawaban: 'where it is the tallest and largest broadleaf tree' merupakan
adjective clause yang menjelaskan noun sebelumnya 'the eastern United States'.
6. Elementary schools in the United states provide formal education ______ arithmetic,
science, social science, and communication skills that including reading, writing, spelling,
and speaking.
(A) such subjects as basic in
(B) as basic subjects in such
(C) in such basic subjects as
(D) as in such basic subjects
Pembahasan Jawaban: pasangan kata yang benar ialah such as bukan as such. Jadi
pilihan B dan D sudah jelas salah. Ingat pola noun phrase (adjective + noun). Kita lihat
dipilihan jawaban ada kata basic (adjective) dan subjects (noun). Antara A dan C hanya C
yang memnuhi syarat pola noun phrase (adj. + noun).
7. ______ land and money enabled construction of the Union Pacific railroad to begin from
Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 1865.
(A) By the government granting of
(B) Government grants of
(C) For the government to grant
(D) Government grants so that
Pembahasan Jawaban: Yang dibutuhkan dari kalimat di atas ialah subject. Verb nya ialah
'enabled'.
8. Appointments to the United States Supreme Court and all lower federal courts ____ by
the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.
(A) making
(B) to make
(C) are made
(D) have made
Pembahasan Jawaban: Terdapat 'by' jawabannya mesti passive 'are made'.
9. The name “squirrel” is commonly used for those forms of the family Sciuridae that live in
trees, _____ it is equally accurate for ground dwelling types.
(A) whether
(B) that
(C) although
(D) in spite of
Pembahasan Jawaban: Ada dua clause. Clause 1 = 'The name “squirrel” is commonly used';
Clause 2 = 'it is equally accurate'. Untuk menghubungkan ke dua clause di atas kita butuh
connector. Connector yang tepat ialah 'although' (pilihan C)
10. Green plants combine _____ with water and carbon dioxide to make food.
(A) energy derived from light
(B) energy, derived it from light
(C) energy is derived from light
(D) from light, and energy derived
Pembahasan Jawaban: kalimat di atas sudah terdapat subject dan verb jadi kita tinggal
butuh object. Pilihan C sudah salah karen terdapat clause tanpa connector (tidak bisa jadi
object). Pilihan D salah karena terdapat 'from' --> combine + noun tanpa 'from'. Pilihan B
salah karen 'derived' menjelaskan 'energy' jadi tidak lagi butuh it.
Materi ini masuk dalam topik Adjective Clause (Reduction) atau juga Past Participle
11. From the archeologist’s perspective, understanding the past is vitally important and
requires ______ of earlier cultures.
(A) the ruins examined
(B) examining the ruins
(C) of the ruins to be examined
(D) that the examined ruins
12. The Texas Legislature selected Vassar Miller _____ in 1982, and again in 1988.
(A) was the state’s poet laureate
(B) as the state’s poet laureate
(C) the state’s poet laureate
(D) become the state’s poet laureate
Pembahasan Jawaban:
Langkah 1: Kalimat di atas sudah lengkap Subject dan Verb. Jadi kita tidak lagi butuh verb
lainnya. Pilihan A dan D olehnya sudah jelas salah.
Langkah 2: Ketika kita menggunakan kata 'selected' tidak lagi perlu menggunakan kata
'as' tapi langsung saja noun setelahnya.
Contoh lain: I selected you the president of the meeting club. Kata kerja yang lain masuk
dalam kategori kata kerja semacam ini ialah: consider, find, believe, think, prove call, name,
elect, appoint, nominate, make, paint, suppose, turn (mengubah), dan build.
13. The distinguishing feature of a fluid, in contrast to a solid, is the ease _____ .
(A) that a deformed fluid
(B) to deform a fluid
(C) when a fluid that is deformed
(D) with which a fluid may be deformed
14. Oxygen and nutrients reach the body’s tissues ____ from the blood through the
capillary wall.
(A) pass
(B) by passing
(C) to be passing
(D) have passed
Pembahasan Jawaban: Kalimat di atas sudah lengkap subject dan verb jadi tidak butuh
lagi verb. Pilihan A dan D sudah jelas salah. Pilihan C tidak sesuai dengan konteks kalimat.
15. _____ important development of the Neolithic age was not in the manufacture of stone
tools but in the production of food.
(A) The most
(B) Most
(C) Most of
(D) Of the most
Pembahasan Jawaban: Ada beberapa aturan dalam menggunakan most / most of
1. Most of digunakan sebelum plural noun yang mempunyai determiner atau pronoun di
depannya.
Contoh: Most of the students live with host families.
Most of students live with host families. (Salah karena tanpa determiner)
2. Most digunakan sebelum plural noun yang tidak mempunyai determiner atau pronoun
di depannya
Contoh: Most students live with host families.
Most of students live with host families.
Before a plural noun that does not have a determiner or pronoun in front of it, don't say
'most of', just say most :
Dari penjelasan di atas sudah jelas bahwa pilihan B dan C tidak sesuai pada kalimat.
Pilihan D salah karena jika menggunakan bentuk of the most itu bearti akan ada beberapa
benda / hal yang di-list dan biasanya ditandai dengan koma. Di atas tidak ada tanda-
tanda adanya yang di-list.
Contoh; Of the seven students, Anto is the best one at speaking English.
1. The ancestors of the horse lived ..... and were about half a meter tall.
(A) years ago 60 million
(B) 60 million years ago
(C) ago 60 million years
(D) million years ago 60
2. The museum on Ellis Island, a former immigration station, contains documents and artifacts......to
four centuries of United States immigration.
(A) related them
(B) related
(C) related that
(D) be related
3. _________, particularly the oxides of sulfur, greatly increases the rate at which rust forms.
(A) The presence of air pollutants
(B) Air pollutants are present
(C) Because the presence of air pollutants
(D) Air pollutants whose presence
4. The Sun, the Moon, and Earth have magnetic fields, and _________ evidence that the stellar that
extend through vast regions galaxies have fields of space.
(A) which is
(B) is
(C) because
(D) There is
5. The “confederation school” poets of nineteenth-century Canada were primarily nature poets,
_________ a wealth of eulogies to Canadian rural life.
(A) and producing
(B) who they produced
(C) producing
(D) whose production of
6. Since prehistoric people first applied natural pigments to cave walls, ______ have painted to
express themselves.
(A) when artists
(B) artists
(C) artists who
(D) that artists
7. About 42 million bushels of oats are used annually ______ manufacture of breakfast foods in the
United States.
(A) the
(B) is the
(C) in the
(D) to
8. Any acid can, in principle, neutralize any base, although ______ between some of the more
reactive compounds.
(A) side reactions can occur
(B) the occurrence of side reactions can
(C) can side reactions occur
(D) side reactions that can occur
9. Just over two-thirds of Earth’s surface is covered by water, ...... more than 98 percent of this
water is contained in the oceans.
(A) with
(B) which
(C) and
(D) resulting
10. Pleasing to look at and touch, beads come in shapes, colors, and materials .......to handle and to
sort them.
(A) that almost compel one
(B) one compels
(C) that compel almost
(D) one is almost compelled
11. In 1978 the united States National Air and Space Administration selected Sally Ride.......the first
woman astronaut.
(A) who being
(B) to be
(C) and being
(D) was
12. Adhesions are ....... formed within the body in response to inflammation or injury.
(A) that thin bands of scar tissue
(B) they thin bands of scar tissue when
(C) thin bands of scar tissue
(D) thin bands of scar tissue able to
13. The planet Neptune is about 30 times ...... from the Sun as Earth is.
(A) far
(B) as far
(C) more far
(D) far that
14. Not until the 1850's ...... a few public-spirited citizens and state legislatures seek to rescue
historic buildings in the United States from destruction or alteration.
(A) both
(B) came
(C) did
(D) when
15. ...... 200 bones forming the framework, or skeleton, of the human body.
(A) Being over
(B) There are over
(C) Where over
(D) Over
Pembahasan Jawaban
Number 1: (B) 60 million years ago
-----------> the simple one: 3 years ago.
Number 2: (B) related
-----------> artifacts related to four centuries of United States immigration.
-----------> REDUCTION IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE: artifacts (THAT ARE) related to four centuries of
United States immigration.
Number 3: (A) The presence of air pollutants
------------> MISSING SUBJECT
Number 4: (D) there is
------------> 3 CLAUSES
The Sun, the Moon, and Earth have magnetic fields.
There is evidence that the stellar have fields of space.
The stellar that extend through vast regions galaxies (Dependent clause: adjective clause).
Number 5: (C) producing
------------> REDUCTION IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
------------> nature poets, producing a wealth of eulogies to Canadian rural life.
------------> nature poets, who produced a wealth of eulogies to Canadian rural life
6. (B) artists
---> The sentence needs A SUBJECT
7. (C) in the
--> SUBJECT: About 42 million bushels of oats
--> VERB: are used
--> ADVERB: annually
--> ADVERB: in the manufacture of breakfast foods in the United States.
8. (A) side reactions can occur
--> The sentence requires a SUBJECT + VERB
Number 9: (C) and
----------> 2 clauses NEEDS a connector.
Number 10: (A) that almost compel one
----------> ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
Number 11: (B) to be
----------> INFINITIVE VS Gerund
Number 12: (C) thin bands of scar tissue
-----------> MISSING COMPLEMENT
Number 13: (B) as far
------------> as + adjective/adverb + as
Number 14: (C) did
------------> Inversion
Number 15: (B) There are over
------------> The sentence requires a SUBJECT + VERB
1. Andy Warhol was —— in the Pop Art movement who was known for his multi-image silk-
screen paintings.
(A) that one of a leading figure
(B) a leading figure
(C) leading figures
(D) who leads figures
Pembahasan Jawaban: Andy Warhol merupakan seorang figur terkenal (a leading figure).
Tips: Di soal kita bisa identifikasi ada 2 clause:
1. Andy Warhol was —— in the Pop Art movement
2. who was known for his multi-image silk-screen paintings.
Clauseke dua kita lihat sudah lengkap (terdiri dari subjek dan kata kerja) jadi sudah tidak
ada masalah.
Clause pertama kita lihat terdapat subjek dan kata kerja yang belum lengkap. Dari pilihan
yang ada ada dua kemungkinan jawaban yang benar sesuai structure: jawaban B dan
jawaban C. Leading berfungsi sebagai kata sifat bukan kata kerja jadi sangat jelas
jawabannya ialah B. Soal ini juga mudah dijawab dengan menggunakan sistem
pemaknaan.
2. Even with vast research, there is still a great deal that is —— known about the workings
of the human brain.
(A) neither
(B) none
(C) no
(D) not
Pembahasan Jawaban: not + verb.
3. —— the United States consists of many different immigrant groups, many sociologists
believe there is a distinct national character.
(A) In spite of
(B) Despite
(C) Even though
(D) Whether
Pembahasan Jawaban: yang kita butuhkan ialah connector kalimat (pilihan jawaban C).
Tips: Di soal terdapat dua clause:
1. ___ the United States consists of many different immigrant groups,
2. many sociologists believe there is a distinct national character.
Kita lihat terdapat dua clause yang lengkap (terdiri dari subject dan verb). Jadi yang kita
butuhkan hanyalah konektor untuk menghubungkan ke dua clause di ata.
Prinsip: Jika dua clause maka kita butuh 1 connector untuk menghubungkannya: jika 3
clause maka kita butuh 2 connector dan begitu seterusnya.
Dari pilihan jawaban hanya pilihan D dan C yang merupakan connector. Sementara pilhan
A dan B merupakan preposition. Dari segi makna sangat jelas pilihan jawabannya ialah C.
4. Typically —— in meadows or damp woods and bloom in the spring.
(A) wild violets grow
(B) wild violets growth
(C) growing wild violets
(D) the growth of wild violets
Prinsip: Setiap kalimat mesti mempunyai minimal 1 kombinasi subject dan verb.
Pembahasan Jawaban: Di soal di atas tidak terdapata subject dan verb. Jadi kita butuhkan
subject dan verb. Dari pilihan jawaban hanya pilihan jawaban A yang mempunyai subject
(wild violets) dan verb (grows).
5. The art works of Madlyn-Ann Woolwich are characterized by strong, dark colors and
fine attention to patterns of light —— the viewer’s eye.
(A) that attract
(B) when attracted
(C) which attraction
(D) attract to
Pembahasan Jawaban: Adjective Clause
6. A grass-eating, river-dwelling mammal, the hippopotamus —— to the pig.
(A) being related
(B) is related
(C) relate
(D) relating
Pembahasan Jawaban: Soal di atas kehilangan verb. Jadi kita butuh verb untuk
melengkapi kalimat. Hanya pilihan jawaban B dan C yang berisikan verb. Relate +
to (relate merupakan transitive verb yang membutuhkan object jadi tidak boleh ada to
menghalangi). Yang cocok ialah related + to (related to merupakan phrase yang sangat
umum digunakan).
7. Woodrow Wilson —— as governor of New Jersey before he was elected President of the
United States in 1912.
(A) to have served
(B) who has served
(C) serving
(D) served
Pembahasan Jawaban: Dari soal di atas kita bisa identifikasi terdapat dua clause dan 1
connector (before).
1. Woodrow Wilson —— as governor of New Jersey
2. he was elected President of the United States in 1912.
Kita lihat bahwa clause 1 kehilangan verb, jadi kita butuh verb dan di pilihan jawaban
hanya pilihan D yang menyediakan verb (utama).
8. —— fish in Great Salt Lake, but its waters do contain small brine shrimp.
(A) Why no
(B) No
(C) Not only
(D) There are no
Prinsip: Jika dua clause maka kita butuh 1 connector untuk menghubungkannya: jika 3
clause maka kita butuh 2 connector dan begitu seterusnya
9. An etude is a short musical composition written especially —— a particular technique.
(A) enable students practicing
(B) enables students practicing
(C) enable students to practice
(D) to enable students to practice
Pembahasa Jawaban: subject dan verb sudah terdapat pada soal jadi kita hanya butuh
pelengkap (complement) tidak butuh lagi verb (utama). Di pilihan A, B, dan C terdapat
verb (utama). To infinitive (to enable) merupakan contoh sebuah complement.
10. Seldom —— games been of practical use in playing real games.
(A) theories of mathematics
(B) theorized as mathematics
(C) has the mathematical theory of
(D) the mathematical theory has
Pembahasan Jawaban: Inversion (pembalikan). Subject + Verb ---> Verb + Subject.
Seldom (negative expression) merupakan sala satu karakteristik dari bentuk inversion.
11. The city of Kalamazoo, Michigan, derives its name from a Native American word —–
“bubbling springs.”
(A) meant
(B) meaning
(C) that it meant
(D) whose meaning
Pembahasan Jawaban: present participle
12. Jet propulsion involves —— of air and fuel, which forms a powerful exhaust.
(A) a mixture of ignited
(B) to ignite a mixture
(C) a mixture of igniting
(D) the ignition of a mixture
Pembahasan Jawaban: involves + object (noun). Untuk lebih mudah perhatikan kata of <--
noun + of.
13. Salt is manufactured in quantities that exceed those of most ——– other commercial
chemicals.
(A) of all not
(B) not if all are
(C) are not all
(D) if not all
Pembahasan Jawaban: Soal ini mempunyai dua klausa yang telah dilebur menjadi 1.
1. Salt is manufactured in quantities that exceed those of most other commercial chemicals.
2. Salt is manufactured in quantities that exceed all of most other commercial chemicals.
Soal ini juga dengan mudah bisa dijawab dengan menggunakan pendekatan makna /
translation.
14. The United States consists of fifty states, ——- has its own government.
(A) each of which
(B) each they
(C) they each
(D) each of
Pembahasan Jawban: Adjetive clause --> each of which yang menjelaskan states.
15. Though smaller than our solar system, a quasar, which looks like an ordinary star, emits
more light —— galaxy.
(A) than an entire
(B) entirely as
(C) that the entire
(D) entirely than
Pembahasan Jawaban: comparison degree ----> dapat diketahui dari frasa more light.
DIRECTIONS: Questions 1-15 are partial sentences. Below each sentence you will see four words
or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Select the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question you have selected. Blacken
the space so that the letter inside the circle does not show.
EXAMPLE I
A Drying flowers is the best way them.
(A) to preserve
(B) by preserving
(C) preserve
(D) preserved
The sentence should state, "Drying flowers is the best way to preserve them." Therefore, the
correct answer is (A).
EXAMPLE II
Many American universities as small, private colleges.
(A) begun
(B) beginning
(C) began
(D) for the beginning
The sentence should state, "Many American universities began as small, private colleges."
Therefore, the correct answer is (C).
After you read the directions, begin work on the questions.
l. The upper branches of the tallest trees produce more leaves -------other branches.
(A) than do
(B) than does
(C) than they do
(D) than it does
2. No one -----------projections of demographic shifts are reliable and will prove to be valid in
the future.
(A) know how
(B) knows whether
(C) knows even
(D) know who
3. Senior executives often receive bonuses when their profit targets are reached or---------
(A) surpass
(B) surpasses
(C) surpassed
(D) surpassing
4. Since the 1970s, riding bicycles......... in the United States.
(A) becomes increasingly widespread
(B) become increasingly widely spread
(C) has become increasingly widespread
(D) has increased and becomes spread widely
5. Horseradish has extended stems and a large root that is grated ......... a spicy food sauce.
(A) to making
(B) to make
(C) to be made
(D) to the making
6. Vitamin A maintains the sharpness of human vision .........and promotes healthy bones.
(A) at night
(B) of the night
(C) for the night
(D) nighttime
7. ........., often used in children's poetry and rhymes, are a result of words used in ambiguous
contexts.
(A) Humorous and misunderstood
(B) Misunderstand humorously
(C) Humorous misunderstandings
(D) Misunderstanding its humor
8. Modern scanning technology enables physicians to identify brain disorder earlier ......... than in
the past.
(A) and more accurate
(B) and more accurately
(C) accurate and more
(D) accurately and more
9. Educational toys and games give children an opportunity to enjoy themselves--------------.
(A) while their learning
(B) while learning
(C) are they learning
(D) and they are learning
10. William Hazlitt's essays, written in ----------- style, appeared between 1821 and 1822.
(A) vigorously and informally
(B) vigorous and informally
(C) vigor and informality
(D) vigorous and informal
11. Wild hogs inhabited Europe and other parts of the world .........6 million years ago.
(A) as long
(B) as long as
(C) then it was
(D) than it was
12. Electrically charged particles exert a magnetic force on one another even -------- not in
physical contact.
(A) if there are
(B) they are
(C) if they are
(D) are they
13. F. Scott Fitzgerald's early literary success led to extravagant living and ---------- a large
income.
(A) a need for
(B) to need for
(C) needed for
(D) for he needed
14. Water fire extinguishers must never be used for fires that involve---------
(A) electrically equipped
(B) equipment, electrically
(C) electricity equipped
(D) electrical equipment
15. By the 1300s, the Spanish had learned that gunpowder could -------- propel an object with
incredible force.
(A) use to
(B) be used to
(C) been used to
(D) using it to