Demokrasi Indonesia-Perjuangan, political party in Indonesia formed in 1973 through

the forced merger of five non-Islamic political parties. In the final three decades
of the 20th century, it was one of two opposition parties officially recognized by
the government. Although it often was supportive of the policies of President
Suharto, its antigovernment faction—led by Megawati Sukarnoputri, daughter of
Sukarno,
Just days later, on September 8, Elizabeth’s death, at age 96, shocked Britain and
the world. Prince Charles succeeded her on the throne as King Charles III. Ten days
of national commemoration of her life and legacy—long planned as “Operation London
Bridge”—followed. Notably, the queen lay in state for a day in St. Giles’ Cathedral
in Edinburgh and then for three days in Westminster Hall in London, outside of
which mourners stood in a line that stretched for miles, in some cases waiting for
more than 24 hours to view Elizabeth’s casket. Her sombre funeral ceremony in
Westminster Abbey on September 19 was attended by an estimated 100 heads of foreign
governments. Following a procession to Wellington Arch, during which Big Ben
tolled, the queen’s casket was borne by hearse to her final resting place in St.
George’s Chapel at Windsor Castle.
Pada masa kepemimpinan Drs. R. Mohammad Ali diupayakan berbagai usaha untuk
meningkatkan peran dan status lembaga Arsip Negara.
traveled all over Britain and Northern Ireland, and toured overseas in the South
Pacific and Australia, in Canada, and in the Caribbean.
pada tahun 1811, sejak ditandatanganinya Kapitulasi Tuntang yang salah satunya
berisi penyerahan Pulau Jawa dari Belanda kepada Britania, Pada tahun 1814
dilakukanlah Konvensi London yang isinya pemerintah Belanda berkuasa kembali atas
wilayah jajahan Britania di Indonesia. Lalu baru pada tahun 1816,
A prolific essayist, short story writer, and novelist, Hurston turned her hand to
biographical writing in 1927 with this incredible work,
Because of the political situation worsened after the outbreak of G-30-S/PKI, MPRS
Special Assembly, March 1967, appointed Soeharto as the President, inaugurated as
the second President of the Republic of Indonesia, March 1968. President Suharto
ruled for more than three decades through the election six times, until he
resigned, May 21, 1998.
saat itu. Umat manusia sendiri sebenarnya belum sampai ke Sumatra, gelombang
migrasi dari Afrika ikut terhenti untuk sementara akibat erupsi ini. Gunung Toba
kemudian tenggelam dan kalderanya membentuk sebuah danau besar dengan nama yang
sama.[30]
mother. This tale of Enrique’s perilous journey is not for the faint of heart, but
it is an
In 1973 Suharto’s authoritarian regime implemented political reforms to limit the
power of opposition groups and the number of recognized political entities to
three: Golkar, a pro-government group that controlled state institutions; and two
opposition parties, the Indonesian Democratic Party (later the PDI-P) and the
United Development Party. The Indonesian Democratic Party was created from three
nationalist groups and two Christian-based parties: the Indonesian Nationalist
Party, the Movement for the Defense of Indonesian Independence, the People’s Party,
the Catholic Party, and the Christian Party.
completely changed the trajectory of modern medicine. Rebecca Skloot skillfully
commemorates the previously unknown life of a poor black woman
Setelah Majapahit mengalami kejatuhan, kesultanan-kesultanan bercorak Islam berdiri
dan berkembang pesat di Nusantara, terutama di Jawa. Kesultanan pertama di Pulau
Jawa yang telah diakui secara luas adalah Demak dan Cirebon yang berdiri pada abad
ke-15.[55][56] Namun beberapa waktu ini, beberapa pakar menemukan sejumlah bukti
tentang kesultanan Islam yang lebih tua, yaitu Lumajang, yang diperkirakan berdiri
pada akhir abad ke-13.[57] Setelah itu,
adanya Deputi Pembinaan dan Deputi Konservasi, Pembentukan Unit Pelaksana Teknis
dan penggunaan istilah untuk Perwakilan Arsip
menegaskan, bahwa Arsip Nasional sebagai aparat teknis pemerintah tidak
bertentangan dengan UUD 1945, bahkan merupakan penyempurnaan pekerjaan
Secara yuridis, keberadaan lembaga kearsipan Indonesia dimulai sejak
diproklamasikan kemerdekaan Indonesia 17 Agustus 1945.
the sovereign and carried out her first state opening of Parliament on November 4,
1952. Her coronation was held at Westminster Abbey on June 2, 1953.
Beberapa kesultanan yang juga pernah berdiri di Kepulauan Maluku, yaitu Jailolo,
Bacan, Tanah Hitu, Iha, dan Huamual.
When in 1537 Henry’s third wife, Jane Seymour, gave birth to a son, Edward,
Elizabeth receded still further into relative obscurity, but she was not neglected.
Despite his capacity for monstrous cruelty, Henry VIII treated all his children
with what contemporaries regarded as affection; Elizabeth was present at ceremonial
occasions and was declared third in line to the throne. She spent much of the time
with her half brother Edward and, from her 10th year onward, profited from the
loving attention of her stepmother, Catherine Parr, the king’s sixth and last wife.
Under a series of distinguished tutors, of whom the best known is the Cambridge
humanist Roger Ascham, Elizabeth received the rigorous education normally reserved
for male heirs, consisting of a course of studies centring on classical languages,
history, rhetoric, and moral philosophy. “Her mind has no womanly weakness,” Ascham
wrote with the unselfconscious sexism of the age, “her perseverance is equal to
that of a man, and her memory long keeps what it quickly picks up.” In addition to
Greek and Latin, she became fluent in French and Italian, attainments of which she
was proud and which were in later years to serve her well in the conduct of
diplomacy. Thus steeped in the secular learning of the Renaissance, the quick-
witted and intellectually serious princess also studied theology, imbibing the
tenets of English Protestantism in its formative period. Her association with the
Reformation is critically important, for it shaped the future course of the nation,
but it does not appear to have been a personal passion: observers noted the young
princess’s fascination more with languages than with religious dogma.
impacted by the American “Dust Bowl” — hundreds of people entrenched in poverty,
whose humanity Evans and Agee desperately implore their audience to see in their
book.
The queen seemed increasingly aware of the modern role of the monarchy, allowing,
for example, the televising of the royal family’s domestic life in 1970 and
condoning the formal dissolution of her sister’s marriage in 1978. In the 1990s,
however, the royal family faced a number of challenges. In 1992, a year that
Elizabeth referred to as the royal family’s annus horribilis, Prince Charles and
his wife, Diana, princess of Wales, separated, as did Prince Andrew and his wife,
Sarah, duchess of York. Moreover, Anne divorced, and a fire gutted the royal
residence of Windsor Castle. In addition, as the country struggled with a
recession, resentment over the royals’ lifestyle mounted, and in 1992 Elizabeth,
although personally exempt, agreed to pay taxes on her private income. The
separation and later divorce (1996) of Charles and the immensely popular Diana
further eroded support for the royal family, which was viewed by some as antiquated
and unfeeling. The criticism intensified following Diana’s death in 1997,
especially after Elizabeth initially refused to allow the national flag to fly at
half-staff over Buckingham Palace. In line with her earlier attempts at modernizing
the monarchy, the queen subsequently sought to present a less-stuffy and less-
traditional image of the monarchy. These attempts were met with mixed success.
was reelected mayor with more than 90 percent of the vote. He was later ranked as
the third best mayor in the world by the international City Mayors Foundation.
During his gubernatorial run in Jakarta in 2012, Jokowi began to be widely compared
in the media to U.S. President
Joko Widodo, byname Jokowi, (born June 21, 1961, Surakarta, Central Java,
Indonesia), Indonesian businessman, politician, and government official who served
as governor of Jakarta (2012–14) and as president of Indonesia (2014– ). Joko
Widodo, commonly called Jokowi, who attracted international attention with his
populist style of campaigning and his anticorruption platform, became the first
Indonesian president who did not have a military background or belong to one of the
country’s prominent political families.
The marriage of Lieutenant Colonel Suharto and Siti Hartinah held on December 26,
1947 in Solo. Suharto was 26 years old at that time and Hartinah 24 years old. They
had six sons and daughters, Siti Hardiyanti Hastuti, Sigit Harjojudanto, Bambang
Trihatmodjo, Siti Hediati Herijadi, Hutomo Mandala Putra and Siti Hutami Endang
Adiningsih.
dan organisasi kearsipan pada masa pemerintah Kolonial Belanda (landarchief) dan
produk-produk kearsipannya. Setelah kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia, lembaga
kearsipan (landarchief) diambil oleh pemerintah RI
Tahun 1967 merupakan suatu periode yang sangat penting bagi Arsip Nasional,
the sovereign and carried out her first state opening of Parliament on November 4,
1952. Her coronation was held at Westminster Abbey on June 2, 1953.
In 2002 Elizabeth celebrated her 50th year on the throne. As part of her “Golden
Jubilee,” events were held throughout the Commonwealth, including several days of
festivities in London. The celebrations were somewhat diminished by the deaths of
Elizabeth’s mother and sister early in the year. Beginning in the latter part of
the first decade of the 21st century, the public standing of the royal family
rebounded, and even Charles’s 2005 marriage to Camilla Parker Bowles found much
support among the British people. In April 2011 Elizabeth led the family in
celebrating the wedding of Prince William of Wales—the elder son of Charles and
Diana—and Catherine Middleton. The following month she surpassed George III to
become the second longest-reigning monarch in British history, behind Victoria.
Also in May, Elizabeth made a historic trip to Ireland, becoming both the first
British monarch to visit the Irish republic and the first to set foot in Ireland
since 1911. In 2012 Elizabeth celebrated her “Diamond Jubilee,” marking 60 years on
the throne. On September 9, 2015, she surpassed Victoria’s record reign of 63 years
and 216 days.
Indonesia’s first president—was instrumental in Suharto’s fall from power in 1998.
account of incredible devotion and sharp commentary on the pain of separation among
immigrant families.
During his stay at the Patent Office, and in his spare time, he produced much of
his remarkable work and in 1908 he was appointed Privatdozent in Berne. In 1909 he
became Professor Extraordinary at Zurich, in 1911 Professor of Theoretical Physics
at Prague, returning to Zurich in the following year to fill a similar post. In
1914 he was appointed Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and
Professor in the University of Berlin. He became a German citizen in 1914 and
remained in Berlin until 1933 when he renounced his citizenship for political
reasons and emigrated to America to take the position of Professor of Theoretical
Physics at Princeton*. He became a United States citizen in 1940 and retired from
his post in 1945.
saat itu. Umat manusia sendiri sebenarnya belum sampai ke Sumatra, gelombang
migrasi dari Afrika ikut terhenti untuk sementara akibat erupsi ini. Gunung Toba
kemudian tenggelam dan kalderanya membentuk sebuah danau besar dengan nama yang
sama.[30]
sangat terkenal dengan Sumpah Palapa yang berisi ikrar untuk menyatukan seluruh
wilayah Nusantara.[46] Majapahit pada masanya terkenal sebagai negara agraris dan
juga sebagai negara perdagangan yang mengatur aktivitas pelayaran dunia.[46]
Ibu kota Indonesia saat ini adalah Jakarta. Pada tanggal 18 Januari 2022,
pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan Ibu Kota Nusantara yang berada di Pulau Kalimantan,
yang menempati wilayah Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara, untuk menggantikan Jakarta
sebagai ibu kota yang baru.[20] Hingga tahun 2022, proses peralihan ibu kota masih
berlangsung.
On the accession of Queen Elizabeth, her son Prince Charles became heir apparent;
he was named prince of Wales on July 26, 1958, and was so invested on July 1, 1969.
The queen’s other children were Princess Anne (Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise), born
August 15, 1950, and created princess royal in 1987; Prince Andrew (Andrew Albert
Christian Edward), born February 19, 1960, and created duke of York in 1986; and
Prince Edward (Edward Anthony Richard Louis), born March 10, 1964, and created earl
of Wessex and Viscount Severn in 1999. All these children have the surname “of
Windsor,” but in 1960 Elizabeth decided to create the hyphenated name Mountbatten-
Windsor for other descendants not styled prince or princess and royal highness.
Elizabeth’s first grandchild (Princess Anne’s son) was born on November 15, 1977.
was reelected mayor with more than 90 percent of the vote. He was later ranked as
the third best mayor in the world by the international City Mayors Foundation.
During his gubernatorial run in Jakarta in 2012, Jokowi began to be widely compared
in the media to U.S. President
Namun kebenaran tentang hal ini banyak diperdebatkan.[27]Di Pulau Jawa sendiri,
predikat kerajaan tertua di Pulau Jawa diduga dipegang oleh Salakanagara yang
berdiri pada abad ke-1 M di daerah sekitar Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Kerajaan ini
sendiri diperkirakan menjadi cikal bakal Tarumanagara yang berdiri pada tahun 358
Masehi. Keberadaan Salakanagara juga masih menjadi perdebatan di kalangan ahli
karena kurangnya bukti-bukti sejarah.[35]
Oleh karena itu, Arsip Nasional RI tidak memiliki khasanah arsip pada masa
pendudukan Jepang. Lembaga Kearsipan yang pada masa Hindia Belanda bernama
Landarchief, pada masa pendudukan Jepang berganti dengan
berkuasa 1808–1811 dan dikenal pro-Prancis) Kekuasaan Prancis berakhir pada tahun
1811 ketika Britania mengalahkan kekuatan Belanda-Prancis di pulau Jawa.[butuh
rujukan]
Pada tanggal 26 April 1950 melalui SK Menteri PP dan K nomor 9052/B, nama Arsip
Negeri berubah menjadi Arsip Negara RIS. Sedangkan se
Because of the political situation worsened after the outbreak of G-30-S/PKI, MPRS
Special Assembly, March 1967, appointed Soeharto as the President, inaugurated as
the second President of the Republic of Indonesia, March 1968. President Suharto
ruled for more than three decades through the election six times, until he
resigned, May 21, 1998.
Pada tanggal 26 April 1950 melalui SK Menteri PP dan K nomor 9052/B, nama Arsip
Negeri berubah menjadi Arsip Negara RIS. Sedangkan se
Einstein always appeared to have a clear view of the problems of physics and the
determination to solve them. He had a strategy of his own and was able to visualize
the main stages on the way to his goal. He regarded his major achievements as mere
stepping-stones for the next advance.
This “biography of the world’s most famous equation” is a one-of-a-kind take on the
genre: rather than being the story of Einstein, it really does follow the history
of the equation itself.
Nama "Inggris" (England) berasal dari kata Englaland dalam bahasa Inggris kuno,
yang berarti "tanah Angles".[15] Angles ini adalah salah satu dari suku-suku
Jermanik yang menetap di Britania Raya selama Abad Pertengahan Awal. Suku Angles
ini berasal dari semenanjung Angeln di Teluk Kiel, wilayah Laut Baltik.[16] Menurut
Oxford English Dictionary, penggunaan pertama yang diketahui dari kata "England"
untuk merujuk pada bagian selatan dari Pulau Britania Raya terjadi pada tahun 897,
dan ejaan modern untuk kata ini pertama kali digunakan pada tahun 1538.[17]
mengembangkan SDM di bidang kearsipan; yakni merekrut pegawai baru sebagai
arsiparis. Oleh karena itu, pada masa tersebut jumlah
arsiparis di ANRI meningkat drastis. Puncaknya adalah tahun 1995-1996, dimana
jumlah arsiparis di ANRI Pusat mencapai 137 orang.
dan organisasi kearsipan pada masa pemerintah Kolonial Belanda (landarchief) dan
produk-produk kearsipannya. Setelah kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia, lembaga
kearsipan (landarchief) diambil oleh pemerintah RI
mengembangkan SDM di bidang kearsipan; yakni merekrut pegawai baru sebagai
arsiparis. Oleh karena itu, pada masa tersebut jumlah
Non Departemen yang bertanggungjawab langsung kepada Presiden. Sementara anggaran
pembelanjaannya dibebankan kepada anggaran Sekretariat
Jokowi was born and raised in Surakarta, a city in the centre of Java northeast of
Yogyakarta. His father was a wood seller who plied his trade in the city’s streets,
and throughout much of Jokowi’s childhood he and his family lived in illegally
built shacks near the city’s flood-prone Solo River.