GRAMMAR (UNIT 1)

I. SIMPLE PAST TENSE:

S + V2/ED

 Simple past tense is used to express a completed action in the past.

Ex: I stayed in Da Lat 10 years ago.
* Simple past is used with: yesterday, last, ago

II. WISH CLAUSES:

to express a wish for things to be different.
Ex: I’m short.
 I wish I were taller.
* Types:
1. Present wish: wishes for present unreal situation.
Ex:
+ I wish I had a car.  (Tôi ước tôi có một cái xe hơi.)
Thực tế: I don't have a car.
+ He wishes it were not raining.  (Anh ấy ước trời đang không mưa.)
Thực tế: It is rainning.
S + WISH + (THAT) + S + V (PAST SIMPLE)

* Unreal ability:
Ex:
+ I wish I could play the piano. (Tôi ước tôi có thể chơi đàn piano) 
Thực tế: I can’t play the piano.
S + WISH + (THAT) + S + COULD + VBARE
2. Future wish: wishes for future unreal situation
Ex:
+ I wish he would be here next Sunday. (Tôi ước anh ấy sẽ ở đây chủ nhật tới)
Thực tế: He will not be here next Sunday.
S1 + WISH + (THAT) + S2 + WOULD + VBARE

3. Past wish: wishes for past unreal situation

Ex:
+ I wish I hadn't gone to that party. (Tôi ước tôi đã không đến bữa tiệc đó)
Thực tế: I went to that party.
S + WISH +(THAT)+S+ HAD + V3/ED

* Notes:
1. Trong câu Wish hiện tại: mệnh đề sau wish là to be: dùng WERE ở tất cả các
ngôi.
Ex: I wish Ben were here now.
2. S + wish = If only
Ex: If only Ben were here now.
3. S1 + wish + S2 + would: phàn nàn cho tình huống ở hiện tại
Ex: I wish the students wouldn’t talk in class.
Thực tế: The students are talking in class now.
4. S1 = S2: không dùng would
Ex: Không nói: I wish I would...