Electric Circuits 2

Chapter 13’s Tutorials

1
Q1) Consider the circuit below ,If 𝑖1 𝑡 = 400 cos 120𝜋𝑡 𝐴 and the
maximum value of 𝑣2 (𝑡) is 100 V , What is the value of the mutual
inductance linking 𝐿1 & 𝐿2 ?

Solution :
𝑑𝑖1
𝑣2 𝑡 = 𝑀21 = 𝑀21 [−400 ∗ 120 𝜋 sin 120𝜋𝑡 ]
𝑑𝑡
100 = 𝑀21 ∗ 400 ∗ 120 𝜋

100
𝑀21 = = 663.15 𝜇𝐻
400 ∗ 120 𝜋

2
Q2) The two coupled inductors as shown below are connected in

a circuit with voltages and currents as shown 𝐿1 = 1 𝐻 , 𝐿2 =

3 𝐻 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀 = 0.5 𝐻. If 𝑖1 = 30 sin 80 𝑡 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖2 =
30 cos 80 𝑡 𝐴 ,Compute (a) 𝑣1 (b) 𝑣2

Solution : (a)
𝑑𝑖1 𝑑𝑖2
𝑣1 = − 𝐿1 +𝑀
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Substituting in 𝑖1 = 30 sin 80𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖2 = 30 cos 80 𝑡 , we find that
𝑣1 = − 1 (30 ∗ 80) cos 80 𝑡 − (0.5)(30 ∗ 80) sin 80 𝑡
𝑣1 = −2400 cos 80 𝑡 − 1200 sin 80 𝑡

1200
𝑣1 = − 24002 + 12002 cos (80 𝑡 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 )
2400
𝑣1 = −2683 cos 80𝑡 − 26.57° 𝑉

3
Q2) The two coupled inductors as shown below are connected in

a circuit with voltages and currents as shown 𝐿1 = 1 𝐻 , 𝐿2 =

3 𝐻 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀 = 0.5 𝐻. If 𝑖1 = 30 sin 80 𝑡 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖2 =
30 cos 80 𝑡 𝐴 ,Compute (a) 𝑣1 (b) 𝑣2

Solution : (b)
𝑑𝑖2 𝑑𝑖1
𝑣2 = − 𝐿2 +𝑀
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Substituting in 𝑖1 = 30 sin 80𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖2 = 30 cos 80 𝑡 , we find that
𝑣2 = − 3 −30 ∗ 80 sin 80 𝑡 + (0.5)(30 ∗ 80) cos 80 𝑡
𝑣2 = 7200 sin 80 𝑡 + 1200 cos 80 𝑡

7200
𝑣2 = 72002 + 12002 cos (80 𝑡 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 )
1200
𝑣2 = 7299 cos 80𝑡 − 80.54° 𝑉

4
Q3) As shown below ,assume that 𝑣1 = 2𝑒 −𝑡 𝑉 and 𝑣2 = 4 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝑉
If 𝐿1 = 𝐿2 = 2 𝑚𝐻 and 𝑀 = 1.5 𝑚𝐻 , Determine
𝑑𝑖1
(a) 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑖2
(b) 𝑑𝑡
(c) 𝑖2 (𝑡) if there is no energy stored at t=0

Solution :
𝑑𝑖1 𝑑𝑖2
(a) 𝑣1 = − 𝐿1 𝑑𝑡
+𝑀
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑖1 𝑑𝑖2
⟹ 2𝑒 −𝑡 = −2 ∗ 10−3 + 1.5 ∗ 10−3
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
after integration ⟹ −2000 𝑒 −𝑡 = −2 𝑖1 + 1.5 𝑖2 … ①

𝑑𝑖2 𝑑𝑖1
𝑣2 = 𝐿2 −𝑀
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑖2 𝑑𝑖1
⟹ 4𝑒 −3𝑡 = 2 ∗ 10−3 − 1.5 ∗ 10−3
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
4000 −3𝑡
⟹ − 𝑒 = 2 𝑖2 − 1.5 𝑖1 … ②
3
5
Q3) As shown below ,assume that 𝑣1 = 2𝑒 −𝑡 𝑉 and 𝑣2 = 4 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝑉
If 𝐿1 = 𝐿2 = 2 𝑚𝐻 and 𝑀 = 1.5 𝑚𝐻 , Determine
𝑑𝑖1
(a) 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑖2
(b) 𝑑𝑡
(c) 𝑖2 (𝑡) if there is no energy stored at t=0

Solution :
(a) 4 ∗ ① + −3 ∗ ②
−3.5 𝑖1 = −8000 𝑒 −𝑡 + 4000 𝑒 −3𝑡
𝑖1 = 2285.7 𝑒 −𝑡 − 1142.9 𝑒 −3𝑡
𝑑𝑖1
= −2285.7 𝑒 −𝑡 + 3428.6 𝑒 −3𝑡
𝑑𝑡

(b) 3 ∗ ① + −4 ∗ ②

16000 −3𝑡
−3.5 𝑖2 = −6000 𝑒 −𝑡 + 𝑒
3
𝑖2 = 1714.3 𝑒 −𝑡 − 1523.8 𝑒 −3𝑡

𝑑𝑖2
= −1714.3 𝑒 −𝑡 + 4571.4 𝑒 −3𝑡
𝑑𝑡
(c) 𝑖2 = 1714.3 𝑒 −𝑡 − 1523.8 𝑒 −3𝑡
6
Q4) As shown in the circuit below ,find the average power absorbed by
(a) the source (b) each of the two resistors

(c) each of the two inductances (d) the mutual inductance.

Solution:
−100 + 50 𝐼1 + 𝑗 200 𝐼1 + 𝑗 300 𝐼2 = 0
50 + 𝑗200 𝐼1 + 𝑗 300 𝐼2 = 100 … ①

𝑗 300 𝐼1 + 2000 𝐼2 + 𝑗 500 𝐼2 = 0

𝑗 300 𝐼1 + 2000 + 𝑗 500 𝐼2 = 0 … ②

𝐼1 = 0.2080 − 𝑗 0.4265 𝐴
𝐼1 = 0.4745 ∠ − 64° 𝐴

𝐼2 = −0.0676 − 𝑗 0.0143 𝐴
𝐼2 = 0. 069∠ − 168.06° 𝐴

7
Q4) As shown in the circuit below ,find the average power absorbed by
(a) the source (b) each of the two resistors

(c) each of the two inductances (d) the mutual inductance.

Solution:

1 1
(a) 𝑃𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒 .𝑎𝑏𝑠 = − 𝑉 . 𝐼1 = − 2 100 . 0.4745 cos 0 + 64
2

𝑃𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒 .𝑎𝑏𝑠 = −10.4 𝑊

1 1
(b) 𝑃50Ω = . 𝐼1 2 . 50 = . 0.47452 . 50 = 5.63 𝑊
2 2

1 1
𝑃2000Ω = . 𝐼2 2 . 2000 = . 0.0692 . 2000 = 4.761 𝑊
2 2

(c) 𝑃𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒 .𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 = 10.4 𝑊 = 𝑃50Ω + 𝑃2000Ω = 5.63 + 4.761

So Power absorbed by each of the two inductances = 0

(d) Also Power absorbed by the mutual inductance = 0

8
Q5) For the shown circuit ,find the currents 𝑖1 𝑡 , 𝑖2 𝑡 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖3 𝑡

𝑖𝑓 𝑓 = 50𝐻𝑧

Solution :

Mesh 1 :

−100 + 2 𝐼1 − 𝐼2 + 𝑗 ∗ 3 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼1 − 𝐼3 + 𝑗 ∗ 2 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 = 0

−100 + 2 𝐼1 − 𝐼2 + 𝑗 942.5 𝐼1 − 𝐼3 + 𝑗 628.3 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 = 0

𝐼1 2 + 𝑗 942.5 + 𝐼2 −2 + 𝑗 628.3 + 𝐼3 −𝑗 1570.8 = 100 … ①

Mesh 2 :

2 𝐼2 − 𝐼1 + 10 𝐼2 + 𝑗 ∗ 4 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 + 𝑗 ∗ 2 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼1 − 𝐼3 = 0

2 𝐼2 − 𝐼1 + 10 𝐼2 + 𝑗 1256.6 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 + 𝑗 628.3 𝐼1 − 𝐼3 = 0

𝐼1 −2 + 𝑗 628.3 + 𝐼2 12 + 𝑗 1256.6 + 𝐼3 −𝑗 1884.9 = 0 … ②

9
Q5) For the shown circuit ,find the currents 𝑖1 𝑡 , 𝑖2 𝑡 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖3 𝑡

𝑖𝑓 𝑓 = 50𝐻𝑧

Solution :

Mesh 3 :

5 𝐼3 + 𝑗 ∗ 3 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼3 − 𝐼1 + 𝑗 ∗ 2 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼3 − 𝐼2

+ 𝑗 ∗ 2 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼3 − 𝐼1 + 𝑗 ∗ 4 ∗ 100𝜋 𝐼3 − 𝐼2 = 0

5 𝐼3 + 𝑗 942.5 𝐼3 − 𝐼1 + 𝑗 628.3 𝐼3 − 𝐼2 + 𝑗 628.3 𝐼3 − 𝐼1

+ 𝑗 1256.6 𝐼3 − 𝐼2 = 0

𝐼1 −𝑗 1570.8 + 𝐼2 −𝑗 1884.9 + 𝐼3 5 + 𝑗 3455.7 = 0 … ③

10
Q5) For the shown circuit ,find the currents 𝑖1 𝑡 , 𝑖2 𝑡 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖3 𝑡
𝑖𝑓 𝑓 = 50𝐻𝑧

Solution :

𝐼1 = 0.0018 − 0.2652𝑗 = 265.2∠ − 89.6° 𝑚𝐴

𝐼2 = 0.0002 − 0.0265𝑗 = 26.5∠ − 89.6° 𝑚𝐴
𝐼3 = 0.0008 − 0.1061𝑗 = 106.1∠ − 89.6° 𝑚𝐴

𝑖1 𝑡 = 265.2 cos (100𝜋𝑡 − 89.6°) 𝑚𝐴

𝑖2 𝑡 = 26.5 cos (100𝜋𝑡 − 89.6°) 𝑚𝐴
𝑖3 𝑡 = 106.1 cos (100𝜋𝑡 − 89.6°) 𝑚𝐴

11
Q6) Find 𝐼𝐿 in the circuit below

Solution:

Mesh 1 :
−100 + 𝑗10 𝐼1 − 𝑗15 𝐼2 = 0
𝑗10 𝐼1 − 𝑗15 𝐼2 = 100 … ①

Mesh 2 :
100𝑗 𝐼2 + 100 𝑗 𝐼2 − 15 𝑗 𝐼1 − 15𝑗 𝐼3 = 0
−15 𝑗 𝐼1 + 200𝑗 𝐼2 − 15𝑗 𝐼3 = 0 … ②

Mesh 3:
10𝑗 𝐼3 + 5 𝐼3 − 15 𝑗 𝐼2 = 0
−15 𝑗 𝐼2 + 5 + 10𝑗 𝐼3 = 0 … ③

12
Q6) Find 𝐼𝐿 in the circuit below

Solution:

𝐼1 = 0.0793 − 𝑗 11.406 𝐴
𝐼1 = 11.4 ∠ − 89.6° 𝐴

𝐼2 = 0.0529 − 𝑗 0.9375 𝐴
𝐼2 = 0.94 ∠ − 86.8° 𝐴

𝐼3 = 0.6259 − 𝑗 1.0932 𝐴
𝐼3 = 1.26 ∠ − 60.2° 𝐴
𝐼𝐿 = 𝐼3 = 1.26 ∠ − 60.2° 𝐴

13
Q7) The load impedance 𝑍𝐿 of the circuit is known to be 7∠32° Ω
at the operating frequency of 50 Hz . The mutual inductance
linking the primary and secondary coils has a value of 800 nH
.Calculate the (a) reflected impedance and (b) the input
impedance seen by 𝑉𝑠

Solution:
(a) Reflected impedance
𝜔 = 100 𝜋
𝑍22 = 2 + 7∠32° + 𝑗 100 𝜋 10 ∗ 10−3 = 7.94 + 𝑗 6.85

𝜔 2 𝑀2 (100𝜋)2 (0.8∗ 10−6 )2

Reflected Impedance = =
𝑍22 7.94+𝑗 6.85

= 4.56 − 𝑗 3.93 ∗ 10−9 Ω

(b) 𝑍11 = 10 + 𝑗 100𝜋 (20 ∗ 10−3 ) =10+ j 6.28 Ω

𝑍𝑖𝑛 = 𝑍11 + 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 10+ j 6.28 + 4.56 − 𝑗 3.93 ∗ 10−9

𝑍𝑖𝑛 ≈ 10 + 𝑗 6.28 Ω

14
Q8) As shown in the circuit below ,find (a) 𝐼1 (b) 𝐼2 (c) 𝐼3 (d) 𝑃25Ω
(e) 𝑃2Ω (f) 𝑃3Ω

Solution:

3 16 16 22
(a) 3 2
= Ω ⟹ 𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 = +2= Ω
3 3 3
4

22
= 66 Ω ⟹ 𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 = 66 + 25 = 91 Ω
1 2
3 (3)

100∠0°
𝐼1 = = 1.1 ∠0° 𝐴
91
𝐼1 1
(b) = ⟹ 𝐼2 = 3 ∗ 𝐼1 = 3 ∗ 1.1 ∠0° = 3.3 ∠0° 𝐴
𝐼2 3

𝐼2 3 4 4
(c) =− ⟹ 𝐼3 = − ∗ 𝐼2 = − ∗ 3.3 ∠0° = 4.4 ∠180° 𝐴
𝐼3 4 3 3

15
Q8) As shown in the circuit below ,find (a) 𝐼1 (b) 𝐼2 (c) 𝐼3 (d) 𝑃25Ω
(e) 𝑃2Ω (f) 𝑃3Ω

Solution:
2
(d) 𝑃25Ω = 𝐼1 ∗ 25 = 1.12 ∗ 25 = 30.25 𝑊
2
(e) 𝑃2Ω = 𝐼2 ∗ 2 = 3.32 ∗ 2 = 21.8 𝑊
2
(f) 𝑃3Ω = 𝐼3 ∗ 3 = 4.42 ∗ 2 = 58.08 𝑊

16
Best Wishes

17