P2 2.

8 Foundation support sheet

Work
1 Draw lines to match each key word on the left to its definition on the right.

a simple machine made from a bar that moves

work
at a fixed point, acting as a force multiplier

a simple machine made of rotating parts

lever
that reduce the force needed to do work

the energy transferred in

pivot
order to move an object

the point about which a lever

gear moves and can balance

2 Work can be calculated using the following equation:

work done (J) = force (N) x distance (m)
Use this equation to calculate the work being done when a
man pushes a trolley with a force of 80 N to move it 40 m
along the ground.
Work done = ...................... x .....................
Work done = ..................... J

3 Use the words in the box to complete the paragraph below

to explain how levers and gears can affect the force needed to cause
movement.

increase lever rotate faster

multiplier up direction smaller

You can use screwdriver to open a tin of paint. In this situation the screwdriver
is acting as a …………………… . When you move your hand down on one end of the
screwdriver, the other end moves …………………… and causes the lid to come off
the tin. The screwdriver allows you to open the tin using a much ……………………
force than if you used just your hand.

A lever is said to act as a force …………………… .

Gears are similar to levers except that they …………………… .You can use gears to
…………………… the size of a force, change …………………… or move …………………… .

© Oxford University Press 2018 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.