MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

DILKAP RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

STUDIES (POLYTECHNIC)

MICRO PROJECT

Academic year:2022-2023

TITLE OF PROJECT
DETAIL INFORMATION OF PMGSY
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana

Program: CE Program code: CE5I

Course: RDE Course code: 22505

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate

This is to certify that Ms. Asha Madhu Chuhan

Roll np 12-5th Semester of Diploma in CIVIL.

DILKAP RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT
STUDIES (POLYTECHNIC) of Institute, DRIEMS POLYTECHNIC (Code:1748) has
completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in Subject–Rural Development Engineering
(22505) for the academic year 2022–2023 as prescribed in the curriculum.
EnrollmentNo:2017480032 Seat No:

Subject Teacher Head of Department Principal

PROF. Mayuri Langde PROF. Manisha Lipankar

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 INDEX

SR.NO PARTICULAR PAGE NO

1 Introduction 4
2 PMGSY 5
3 Objectives & Significance 7
4 Challenge & Importance 9
5 Features 11
6 Progress 13
7 Eligibility & Tenders 14
8 Latest News 16
9 Benefits & Maintenance 17
10 Target & Policy 19
11 Implementation 20
12 Aneexure 22

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 Introduction

1) Rural Road Connectivity is not only a key component of Rural Development by

promoting access to economic and social services and thereby generating in-
creased agricultural incomes and productive employment opportunities in India,
it is also as a result, a key ingredient in ensuring sustainable poverty reduction.

2) Hence, Government launched the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana on 25th
December, 2000 to provide all-weather access to unconnected habitations.
The Ministry of Rural Development along with state governments is responsible
for the implementation of PMGSY.

Image No 1

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 PMGSY

The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched in December 2000
with the objective of providing unrestricted all-weather road connectivity to uncon-
nected villages of India.

1) It is a centrally sponsored scheme and is part of the poverty reduction strategies

of the government.
2) Eligibility for the Scheme: Rural areas with a population of 500 and above in
plain areas; and hill states including NE, desert states, tribal areas and other
backward areas with a population of 250 and above.
3) Apart from building new roads, the scheme also has provisions for the upgrade
of existing roads in these areas, although the primary focus is to provide connec-
tivity to unconnected habitations.
4) All-weather roads imply roads that can be used throughout the year in all sea-
sons. To provide all-weather roads, the scheme envisages providing for the
draining of roads by adequate cross-drainage structures such as culverts, minor
bridges and causeways.
5) The scheme does not cover repairs to black-topped or cement roads, even if the
surface condition is bad.

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6) The share of the central government’s funding is 60% of the cost with the share
increasing to 90% for northeastern and hill states.
7) Currently, the scheme is in its third phase – PMGSY – III.
8) The roads developed under this scheme are maintained by the Panchayati Raj
institutions.
9) The nodal ministry for the scheme is the Ministry of Rural Development.
10) In 2012, an agreement was signed between the National Rural Roads Develop-
ment Agency (NRRDA), the Ministry of Rural Development.

Image No 2

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 Objectives and Significance

Objectives
The objective of the third phase of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana is to con-
solidate the existing

rural road network by the up-gradation of the existing ‘Through Routes and Major
Rural Links’ that connect habitations to:

1) Gramin Agricultural Markets (GRAMS)

2) Higher Secondary Schools
3) Hospitals

Significance

PMGSY is an important scheme for the development of rural India. Its benefits and
significance are discussed in the following points.

1) Rural road connectivity is very important for two main reasons. One, it is a key
component of rural development by enhancing access to social and economic
services thereby increasing farm incomes and employment opportunities to peo-
ple. Secondly, it is a key ingredient in poverty alleviation.
2) The development of roads, apart from national highways, is the responsibility of
the state governments.

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3) Because of inadequate funds and diverted focus of planners, rural roads hardly
received any attention.
4) This scheme seeks to fill this gap and take the fruits of development to remote
corners of the country.
5) Increased connectivity will help the rural population avail opportunities of em-
ployment, health, education and various other social welfare schemes provided
by the government.
6) Good, dependable roads translate to easier and faster connectivity from farm to
market, timely movement of perishable products from village to market centres,
and provide an incentive to industry to move to the hinterland among many
other such benefits.
7) Connectivity also encourages government functionaries such as health workers,
teachers, and agriculture extension workers to willingly move to the villages to
offer their services.
8) This ultimately contributes to prosperity, and allows economies of scale and
sustainable.

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 Challenges and Importance
Challenges of PMGSY

1) Paucity of funds: The maintenance of the roads built will need spending of
₹75,000-80,000 crore over a five-year period starting 2020-21 according to the
Ministry of Rural Development.
2) States will need to spend ₹11,500 crore in the current fiscal year and the re-
quired amount would rise to over ₹19,000 crore by 2024-25. Given that the Cen-
tral Government’s revenues are under stress, it is difficult to predict whether a
good enough grant of funds would be transferred to the states.
3) According to the report of the Standing Committee on Rural Development
(Chair: Dr. P Venugopal) that submitted its report on ‘Pradhan Mantri Gram Sa-
dak Yojana’ in March 2017, frequent transfers of trained and experienced staff
in State Rural Roads Development Agencies hampers the effectiveness of moni-
toring the scheme.
4) The report also noted that many projects under the scheme were lagging behind
due to- inadequate execution and contracting capacity, and unavailability of land
and forest clearances.

Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism Area (RCPLWEA)

This was a special vertical under the PMGSY launched in 2016 with a view to provid-
ing all-weather road connectivity to hitherto unconnected rural areas that were critical
from a security and communications point of view.

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More than 5000 km long roads have been sanctioned under this scheme for 44 dis-
tricts. out of these, 35 are districts that have been severely affected by left-wing ex-
tremist.

Importance of PMGSY

1) Increased connectivity will help the rural population avail opportunities of em-
ployment, health, education and various other social welfare schemes provided
by the government.

2) Good, dependable roads translate to easier and faster connectivity from farm to
market, timely movement of perishable products from village to market centres,
and provide an incentive to industry to move to the hinterland among many
other such benefits.

Image No 3

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 Features

The features of the PMGSY

1) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched as a one-time spe-
cial intervention to provide rural connectivity, by way of a single all- weather
road, to the eligible unconnected habitations of designated population size (500+
in plain areas and 250+ in North-Eastern States, Himalayan States and Himala-
yan Union Territories as per 2001 census).

2) Relaxation has been provided to the Tribal (Schedule V) areas and Selected
Tribal and Backward Districts (as identified by the Ministry of Home Affairs
(MHA) and Planning Commission) and unconnected habitations in these areas
with a population of 250 persons and above in the Core Network as per Census
2001 are eligible for connectivity under the scheme.

3) In the critical left-wing Extremism affected blocks (as identified by Ministry of

Home Affairs), additional relaxation has been given to connect habitations with
population 100 persons and above as per 2001 census.

4) The mandate of PMGSY has been subsequently widened to include new inter-
ventions. PMGSY- II was launched in the year 2013, with a target to upgrade
50,000 Kms of the existing rural road network to improve its overall efficiency
as a provider of transportation services for people, goods and services.

5) Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism Affected Areas (RCPL-
WEA) was launched in the year 2016 for construction/upgradation of strategic
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 districts in the 9 States of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand,
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh. PMGSY-
III was launched in the year 2019 for consolidation of 1,25,000 Km Through
Routes and Major Rural Links connecting habitations, inter-alia, to Gramin Ag-
ricultural Markets (GRAMS), Higher Secondary Schools and Hospitals.

6) The main features of PMGSY are decentralized and evidence-based planning,

standards and specifications as per Indian Road Congress (IRC) and Rural Roads
Manual, dedicated implementation mechanism at central, state and district level.

7) Scrutiny of Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) at multiple levels, strong IT back-

bone for monitoring and implementation of the programme, three-tier quality
management system, unbroken flow of funds, inbuilt mechanism for consulta-
tion with public representatives at planning, selection of roads and monitoring
stages, etc.

8) The State of Tamil Nadu has been allocated a target length of 7,375 Km under
PMGSY-III. The State has so far been sanctioned 880 road works of 3,198.01
Km at an estimated cost of Rs. 1,817.10 crore, which also includes 18 roads of
78.30 Km sanctioned for widening and strengthening of the existing carriageway
width. The implementation period of PMGSY-III is upto March, 2025.

9) The allocation of funds to the States for implementation of PMGSY depends,

inter-alia, on works in hand, pace of expenditure and unspent balance available
with the State. The unspent balance with the State as on 1st April, 2021 was Rs.
258.26 crore, out of which the State has spent Rs.227.22 crore as on 15 th July,
2021, leaving a balance of Rs. 31.04 crore with the State.
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 Progress

1) Of 178,000 (1.7 lakh) habitations with a population of above 500 in the plains
and above 250 in the hilly areas planned to be connected by all-weather roads,
55% (97,838) were connected by March 2014, 82% (80% or 131,000 or 1.3 lakh
under the PMGSY and 2% or 14,620 under state govt schemes) were connected
by December 2017.

2) Of the remaining 47,000, work on all is in progress except for 1700 which will
be approved by the end of December 2017 and 100% connectivity will be
achieved by March 2019 (16 December 2017 update).

3) Pending work included harsh terrain states of Assam, Jammu and Kashmir and
Uttarakhand as well as left-wing Naxalite–Maoist extremism infested state of
Chhattisgarh, some districts of Jharkhand and Malkangiri district of Odisha.

4) The average speed of road construction under the PMGSY was 98.5kilome-
ters per day from 2004 to 2014, it rose to 130 km per day in by 2014-17.

5) Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has given its approval for continuation
of PM Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) – I and PMGSY –II up to September
2022.

6) Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism Affected Areas has also
been extended up to March 2023.

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 Eligibility and Tenders

PMGSY eligibility

A region must be a habitation. It cannot be a hamlet or revenue village to be eligible

for the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY).
The Central Government describes habitation as a population cluster residing within
an area that remains constant over time. Some of the local words used to describe a
habitation are:Majras, Desam, Hamlets, Tolas, Dhanis
The hamlet must have a higher population as per the 2001 Census to be eligible for
road connection. The eligible habitations have a population of above 500 persons in
plain areas and around 250 persons and above in hilly areas.

PMGSY Tenders

PMGSY phase-I

The prime focus under phase-I was developing new connectivity and constructing
new roads. Additionally, about 2,25,000 kms of rural roads became eligible for up-
gradation under phase 1.

PMGSY phase-II

The government had approved the proposal for launching the PMGSY II in 2013. Un-
der phase-II, upgradation of roads spanning 50,000 kms for village connectivity was
taken up.

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Of the total cost of the upgradation, 75% was to be met by the centre and 25% by the
states.

PMGSY phase-III

1) Phase-III of the programme received approval from the union cabinet in July
2019. It focused on widening and revamping roads spanning 1.25 lakh kms
across India, thus, improving connectivity to villages, hospitals, schools and ru-
ral agricultural markets.

2) A prominent feature was the addition of plastic waste during the development
work on these roads. The duration of phase-III was set for 2024-25.

3) The estimated cost of Rs 80,250 crores would be shared between the centre and
the states in the ratio of 60:40, while the ratio will be 90:10 for the eight north-
eastern and three Himalayan states.

Image No 4

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 Latest News about PMGSY

PMGSY: Latest news

In 2019, the government said that nearly 97% of all the eligible and feasible habita-
tions had been connected by all-weather roads under the rural roads scheme.

Haryana has completed the construction of 426 roads under phase-I and 88 roads un-
der phase-II, including the construction of 18 bridges. It has received approval from
the centre for roads spanning 131 kms in the Sirsa district.

To bolster the road network in the state and improve traffic flow, the Haryana govern-
ment will spend Rs 383.58 crores towards upgrading 83 roads with a cumulative
length of around 688 kms under phase-III. So far, works on 200 kms have been com-
pleted and the remaining will be completed by the end of the financial year 2021-22.

Haryana is also coming up with two road projects that include a proposed route from
Dabwali to Agra via Jind and another route from Hisar to Kundli-Manesar Palwal via
Tosham, Mahendragarh and Rewari. These developments are planned to boost the
east-west road connectivity in the state.

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 Benefits and Maintenance

Benefits of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) are -

1. All-weather connection to the hamlets that are least or not connected.
2. Overall Development of the country allows for easy movement of goods and vehi-
cles.
3. There are better employment opportunities for those from villages thanks to road
connections.

Maintenance of Roads Under PMGSY

1) Maintenance of rural roads constructed under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak
Yojana (PMGSY) is the responsibility of the State Government.
2) As per programme guidelines, State Governments are required to undertake
the maintenance of the entire Core Network, particularly the road works con-
structed/upgraded under the PMGSY.
3) All road works are covered by initial five-year maintenance contracts to be
entered into along with the construction contract, with the same contractor, as
per the Standard Bidding Document.
4) State Governments are required to develop sustainable sources of funding for
undertaking maintenance functions.

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5) The Ministry of Rural Development have extended support to the States in the
maintenance management of rural roads. So far 25 States (Assam, Andhra Pra-
desh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal
Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Megha-
laya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu,
Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal) have notified rural road
maintenance policies for maintenance management of all categories of rural
roads in a systematic manner in order to ensure the sustainability of these as-
sets and to provide traffic worthy road connectivity.

Image No 5

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 Targets and Policy’s

Connectivity targets under PMGSY

1) 1,68,268 habitations were eligible for coverage under the program.

2) Out of which 31,804 habitations had been reported either connected under other
schemes or not feasible.

3) Therefore, 1,36,464 habitation were targeted for providing road connectivity un-
der PMGSY.

4) Target of government of Indian under this program is 2,24,906 km.

Major policy decisions taken recently

1) In order to ensure that the assets created under this program are properly main-
tained.

2) The habitations with a population of 250 and above (as per census 2001),
whether in hilly areas or not, in such areas will be eligible for providing connec-
tivity under PMGSY.

3) The cost of bridges up to 75 m on the road constructed under PMGSY in the

hilly areas will be carried out by the government of India as against 50 m for
other areas.

4) In order to enhance transparency in tendering and to speed up the tendering.

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 Implementation

Impact of implementation of PMGSY programs

1) Enhancement of employment opportunity.

2) Better health and educational facilities.

3) Easier for the farmers to move their agriculture products to the mandis/haat on
bullock cards and even on tractors.

4) Taxi services are being started on PMGSY roads that in turn has made it possi-
ble for the villagers to visit the health center in relatively short time thereby de-
creasing the health- related problems for the villagers.

5) PMGSY roads have-allowed them to send their children to the schools situated
in other villages on the route of the new road.

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 State Target Completed Target Connected
Length Length Habitations Habitations
Andaman And 100.00 4.994 1 0

Nicobar Islands
(UT)

Andhra Pradesh 2,160.00 517.685 40 11

Arunachal Pradesh 2,308.00 1045.595 84 35

Assam 1,000.00 242.441 44 2

Bihar 2,500.00 449.412 438 161

Chhattisgarh 2,874.00 354.092 389 53

Goa 0.00 0.000 0 0

Gujarat 1,500.00 546.194 0 0

Haryana 877.00 248.768 0 0

Himachal Pradesh 1,946.00 1,098.360 96 37

Jammu And Kash- 1,598.00 443.797 73 25

mir

Jharkhand 2,000.00 209.015 0 3

Karnataka 2,000.00 789.335 0 0

Kerala 500.00 48.342 2 0

Madhya Pradesh 4,000.00 1,910.757 27 4

Maharashtra 2,000.00 211.522 12 4

Manipur 2,239.00 1,072.520 46 10

Meghalaya 1,016.00 299.100 172 51

216,002,240.653 13,956,517 1,424 396
Total

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 ANEEXURE–II

Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year: 2022-23 Name of the Faculty: Mayuri Langde

Course: CIVIL/CE5I Course code: 22505 Semester: V

Title of the project: Detailed information on PMGSY

Cos addressed by Micro Project:

A: Formulate grammatically correct sentences.
B: Summarize comprehension passages.
C: Use relevant words as per context.
D: Deliver prepared speeches to express ideas, thoughts and emotions.

Major learning out comes achieved by students by doing the project

(a) Practical outcome: Deliver oral presentations using correct grammar.
(b) Unit outcomes in Cognitive domain: Rewrite sentences using relevant forms of verbs.
(c) Outcomes in Affective domain:
1) Function as team member
2) Follow Ethics

Comments/suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Marks out of 6 for Marks out of 4
performance in for performance
Roll No Student Name group activity in oral presenta- Total out of 10
(D5 Col.8) tion (D5 Col.9)

12 ASHA MADHU
CHUHAN

(Signature of Faculty)
Mayuri Langde
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