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Practical class-01

Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) OR consumer packaged goods (CPG)

Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), also known as consumer packaged goods (CPG),
are cheaper products that are that are highly in-demand, sold quickly and at a relatively low
cost.
Such items are considered “fast-moving” as they are quick to leave the shelves of a store or
supermarket because consumers use them on a regular basis.
Examples include non-durable household goods such as packaged foods, milk, gum, fruit and
vegetables, soda, beer, beverages, toiletries, candies, cosmetics dry goods, and
common drugs like aspirin.
FMCG is the most stable industry, especially because it consists of products that are non-
durable and quickly consumed.
Based on Consumer Reach Points, Coca Cola was ranked as the leading fast moving
consumer goods (FMCG) brand worldwide in 2021 with around 6.63 billion.

LIST OF TOP 10 FMCG COMPANIES IN INDIA BASED ON THE SALES.

1. Hindustan Unilever Ltd
Hindustan Unilever Limited is India’s largest fastmoving consumer goods (FMCG) company
with a Historical presence in India of over 80 years
2. ITC Ltd
Established in 1910, ITC Limited is a diversified conglomerate with businesses spanning Fast
Moving Consumer Goods comprising Foods, Personal Care, Cigarettes and Cigars, Branded
Apparel, Education & Stationery Products, Incense Sticks and Safety Matches; Hotels,
Paperboards, and Packaging, Agri-Business and Information Technology.
3. Nestle India Ltd
Nestlé is the world’s largest food and beverage company. It is the third Largest in Top
FMCG.
4. Britannia Industries Ltd
Britannia Industries is one of India’s leading Top FMCG Companies with a 100-year legacy.
Britannia is among the most trusted food brands and manufactures India’s favorite brands
like Good Day, Tiger, Nutri Choice, Milk Bikis and Marie Gold which are household names
in India. Britannia’s product portfolio includes Biscuits, Bread, Cakes, Rusk, and Dairy.
5. Godrej Consumer Products Ltd
Godrej Consumer Products is a leading emerging markets company. As part of the over 122-
year young Godrej Group. It is fifth in the list of top 5 FMCG companies in India.
Product like home care, personal care, and hair care.
6. Patanjali Ayurved Limited
Patanjali Ayurved Limited was established in 2006 with a thought of rural and urban
development. The company is not merely an organization but a thought of creating a healthy
society through Yoga and Ayurveda. They provide herbal and organic products on contract
farming. The company manufacturing units process consumables like food items, medicines
etc. These are made available to consumers through a wide network of Authorized Patanjali
Stores and retails shops.
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Practical class-01

7. Dabur India Ltd

The world’s largest and leading Ayurveda and Natural Health Care company with 135 years
of rich heritage and experience. It is sixth in the list of top 10 FMCG companies in India
2019.
Products enjoy good market shares in categories such as Hair Oils, Hair Creams, Hair Gels,
Shampoos, Dental Care and Skin Care.
8. Marico Ltd
Marico Limited is one of Top FMCG Companies in India in the beauty and wellness sector. It
Products like Haircare, Skincare, Edible oils, healthy foods, Male Grooming and fabric care.
Brands such as Parachute, saffola, Hair& Care, Nihar Naturals, true roots, Livon, Set Wet.
9. Varun Beverages Ltd
Second largest franchisee in the world (outside US) of carbonated soft drinks (“CSDs”) and
non-carbonated beverages (“NCBs”) sold under trademarks owned by PepsiCo and a key
player in the beverage industry. It is 8th in the list of top 10 FMCG companies in India 2020.
PepsiCo CSD brands sold by Varun Beverages include Pepsi, Diet Pepsi, Seven-Up, Mirinda
Orange, Mirinda Lemon, Mountain Dew, Seven-Up Nimbooz Masala Soda, Evervess Soda,

10. GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Ltd

GSK Consumer Healthcare Ltd is an associate of GlaxoSmithKline plc. of U.K, one of the
world’s largest consumer healthcare companies. one of the world’s leading over-the-counter
(OTC

No Company Name

1 Hindustan Unilever Ltd

2 ITC Ltd

3 Nestle India Ltd

4 Britannia Industries Ltd

5 Godrej Consumer Products Ltd

6 Patanjali Ayurved Limited

7 Dabur India Ltd

8 Marico Ltd

9 Varun Beverages Ltd

10 GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Ltd

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Practical class-01

What is the Aviation Industry?

The term ‘aviation’ is most commonly used to describe mechanical air transportation, which
is carried out using an aircraft. The two main types of aircraft are aeroplanes and helicopters,
but most modern definitions of the word ‘aviation’ extend beyond this to include the use of
unmanned aircraft, such as drones.
With this in mind, the aviation industry can be described as all industry that surrounds these
activities.
Aviation provides the only rapid worldwide transportation network, which makes it
essential for global business. It generates economic growth, creates jobs, and facilitates
international trade and tourism.
The aviation industry is the business sector dedicated to manufacturing and operating all
types of aircraft

Aviation Benefits beyond Borders

 Economic growth. Air travel is the world's rapid transport network, essential for trade,
business, tourism and economic growth. ...
 Social development. From Albania to Zambia, aviation brings people together like no other
means of transport. ...
 Environmental efficiency.
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Practical class-01

Modern Automotive Sector

The rapid evolution of technology has opened multiple doors for innovation in the
automotive sector. Industries have been increasingly focusing on developing unique and
innovative products designed to address current needs while incorporating futuristic features.
The automotive industry is no exception.
Car producers challenged themselves to offer customers a wide variety of cars, equipped with
the latest technologies. Opportunities in the automotive industry seem nearly endless.
However, two key trends are set to further push the automotive industry forward in the long
run:
 Electrification
 Connectivity
Electrification and connectivity. These trends are mainly driven by policy changes and
technology.

 Electrification
Electrification in the automotive industry refers to the replacement of a car’s Internal
Combustion Engine (ICE) with an electric battery. Cars equipped with such “Engine” are
referred to as Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), or simply EVs. One of their main benefits is
their contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, which is highly encouraged
by policymakers and governments through various initiatives and regulations. Incentives

 Connectivity
Apart from Electrification, Connectivity through technology is another factor contributing to
the race to build the cars of the future. From digital screens to external platforms such as
Android Auto or Apple Car Play, we have witnessed the introduction of several connectivity
features in the automotive industry in the last decade. Yet, the automotive industry is still
looking for new ways to innovate. With the continuous efforts to integrate 5G, Internet of
Things (IOT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI), automotive connectivity can only be seen as
imminent.
Further future trend in modern automobile sector may be in 2022 is
a. More electric vehicles (EVs)
b. Online car buying. ...
c. Self-driving tech. ...
f. Automotive cyber security. ...
g. Use of block chain in vehicles. ...
h. Use of vegan-friendly cars. ...
i. Insurance premium and risk detection.
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