POINTERS IN SCIENCE 6 CRAMP- uncontrolled and painful contraction of

one or more muscle which is common among

SKELETAL MUSCLES
athletes.
 the muscles connected to our bones,
which move under our conscious minds.
RICKETS- weakening and softening of the bones
 the muscles that make up a large part of
because of lack of vitamin D.
the arms, legs, chest, abdomen, face, and
neck.
SCOLIOSIS- abnormal curvature of the spine,
CARDIAC MUSCLES- the muscle that is present
which may cause severe back pain.
in the heart.
100,000- times the heart beats in a day.
OSTEOPOROSIS- common to old people due to
650- muscles the human body has.
lack of minerals in the bones causing it to
BICEPS- does not have smooth muscles.
become brittle, weak, and thin.
STOMACH- has a smooth muscle.
LIGAMENTS- made of very thick and elastic
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY- uncommon disorder
material that can stretch and hold the bones
that can be passed down the family line, which
together when you move.
causes the progressive weakening of the
CARTILAGE- tissue that functions as a shock
muscles.
absorber and acts as a cushion between two
bones, and also helps the joints move.
ARTHRITIS- common bone disease among old
people, resulting from the gradual erosion of the
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
protective layer of cartilage between the bones
 responsible for your body’s locomotion
and joints.
 the system which gives shape and helps
the body move.
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS- uncommon muscular
SPRAIN
disorder characterized by muscle fatigue and
 when too much pressure is put on a joint
weakness.
and the nearby bones which may cause
the ligament to stretch too much.
WAYS TO TAKE CAREOF YOUR BONES AND
 occurs when some physical activities are
MUSCLES
done for long periods of time, which may
 Eat and drink calcium rich foods like milk
stretch the muscles too much and may and other dairy products.
cause swelling and pain.  Before doing extensive activities make
ANKLES- part of the body, spraining commonly sure to do a warm up.
experienced.  Get enough rest and observe proper
posture when sitting down.

FRACTURE- occurs when there is a high-impact
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM- responsible for extracting
force on the bone that may cause it to break. nutrients and other useful substances from food
CLOSED FRACTURE- the ends of the bone do not that you eat.
pierce the skin.
OPEN FRACTURE- the ends of the bone pierce MOUTH- part of the body starts the digestive
the skin. system.
MECHANICAL DIGESTION- when food is
physical broken down into smaller parts which
BRUISE
happens in the mouth through the action of the
 It happens when our muscles are bumped teeth, gums and tongue.
against a hard surface. CHEMICAL DIGESTION- when the starch starts
 The skin develops a bluish-black spot to break down into smaller sugars with the
 Blood clot forms because of the ruptured salivary amylase.
muscle.
INCISORS- type of teeth is characterized as thin
edges for cutting food.
DISLOCATION- happens when severe pressure is
CANINE- type of teeth is characterized as
put on the joints, damaging the ligaments and pointed, meant for tearing meat.
forcing the bones to move out of the alignment.
Bolus travel through the esophagus the
esophagus does peristaltic movements to
push the bolus.

STOMACH- the large bean- shaped muscular

organ.
PANCREATIC JUICE- enzyme neutralizes the
acidity of the chyme before entering small
intestine.

INTESTINE- longest part of the digestive tract.

2.5 centimeters- diameter of the small intestine.

LARGE INTESTINE- part of the digestive system

is considered to be the longest

BOWEL MOVEMENT OR DEFECATION- the

release of feces from the body.

PANCREAS- the elongated organ behind the

stomach.
LIVER- produces bile that helps in fat digestion.

GALLBBLADER- the accessory organs release

bile into the small intestine during digestion