Training / GTP-GTM-PCE Part 4

THERMOFLOW GT MASTER
THERMOFLOW PEACE
THERMOFLOW E-LINK
AGENDA
- GT MASTER in depth

- Conversion from GT PRO to GT MASTER

- What is necessary to modify and why
- First computation after conversion
- Menu with reference to GT PRO menu
- Control loops

- PEACE
- Green tabs in GT PRO and GT MASTER
- Impact of selection on cost but not on thermodynamics
- Different outputs

- E-LINK
- Connection of all programs to Excel
- Use of E-LINK as alternative to Macros
1
 Goal of Computer Model?
• Produce New Design
(Little information  few limitations)
• Produce Model like a Proposed Design
(Much information  match P,T, m of several
streams )
• Produce Model of Existing Plant
(More information  match conditions and
hardware)
• Or ….?
2
 Modeling, generally …

Design (with GT PRO)

or Prospective or Actual Plant
Simulate (with GT MASTER)

3
New Design …

Use GT PRO

4
Existing Plan for Plant …

Use GT PRO
& GT MASTER

5
Existing Plant …

Use GT PRO
& GT MASTER

6
 GUIDELINES to AVOID PITFALLS in GT MASTER
GT PRO Preparations
Design in GT PRO at ambient and operating modes close to mean
operating conditions. (You may wish to explore how different the
design might be at other operating conditions.)
Include in your GT PRO design equipment like chillers and duct
burners, even if they are not in operation at the mean operating
condition, so as to provide for their inclusion in GT MASTER.
Perform the GT PRO design with the number of gas turbines that
constitute a block.
Establish all steam turbine ports that might ever be needed within the
GT PRO design, as GT MASTER will not accommodate adding a port.
Ensure that there will be adequate steam flow through all steam turbine
sections at all expected loads.

GTPM Conversion
Use the manual conversion to re-size pipes and steam turbine groups if
you anticipate large changes in their steam flow rates (generally for
cogeneration systems only).
7
Design vs. Simulation (Off-design)
 PIPE PRESSURE DROPS
GT PRO P = {pre-set percentage} of P downstream,
initialised by the Wizard, but adjustable in Piping Losses menu.
PEACE Estimates length, diameter, schedule, number & types of fittings,
and selects materials. Estimates labour & costs.

GT MASTER P = k PRC v m2
m = present mass flow rate
v = mean specific volume = ( vin + vout ) / 2
k = unit conversion constant
PRC = {Pipe Resistance Coefficient} quantity with dimensions
of (Length)-4 constant, initialized in GTPM,
user-adjustable in Piping Losses menu
PEACE P = f (Length, Diameter, Number & types of fittings)
all physical parameters may be changed by the user, program finds pressure drop and
cost.

GTPM Initialises PRC to match GT PRO’s P at GT PRO’s conditions, and with

sizing
flow ms initialised from GT PRO design's flow:
PRC = P / [ k v ms2 ]
Lets user edit sizing flow, re-setting PRC

9
 RESISTANCE
CHARACTERISTICS
BOILER
CHARACTERISTICS Closing
throttle valve

Operating point

Lowering exhaust gas or

feed water temperature

Steam Mass Flow Rate

10
 STEAM TURBINE RELATIONS

PRESSURE & FLOW

STODOLA’S ELLIPSE

 Pexit 
2
A
m v/P  1  
c  Pinlet 

EFFICIENCY & FLOW

 dry step  m v/ P 
 f 
 dry step @design m v / P @design 

EFFICIENCY & MOISTURE

   d r y s te p     1  x 
f o r x  x W ils o n lin e

11
 PRESSURE - FLOW - AREA RELATIONS
In GTPM, solve for A for each group:

m v/P 1
A *
k P 
2
1   exit P 
inlet

and also set Design Point Flow Function:

m v/P
FF design  m v / P design  in units of L2
k

In GT MASTER, determine Pinlet from known A, and present

values of Pexit, specific volume and mass flow rate.
1
m v / P 
2
FF
Pin le t  Pe x it 1  A
 kA 

* Equation known as Stodola’s Ellipse 0

0 Pexit / Pinlet 1

12
P Sliding P Throttle Control

Pressure upstream of control

M M
Pressure in nozzle box

P P
Multiple Valve Controls
Nozzle Control

MVL LVP

M M

13
 a
e' d'
b
c
Closing throttle shifts d
Resistance Characteristic
in this direction e

Reducing exhaust energy shifts

HRB Pumping Characteristic in this direction

Steam Mass Flow Rate

14
 GTmaster menu shape is different:

GTMaster (horizontal)

GTPro (vertical)

15
GTMaster has some more items in the “View Menu”

GTMaster GTPro
different name
same function

16
Main HPT V5
bleed process Piping

Desup.
V5 contr ols main HPT
bleed pr essure
Desup. Desup.

First HP T Second H PT Control gear to

substrea m substrea m control P1
V1 HPT

First HP Second H P
substrea m substrea m

Desup. Stop valve

Desup. Desup.

P2 Piping
V2 P1

Main HP process V2 controls P2 Piping

HP FW

HPE HPB HPS

Controls for HP Steam System

17
 Main LPT V6
bleed process Piping

Desup.
V6 contr ols main LPT
bleed pr essure
Desup. Desup.

First LP T Second L PT
substrea m substrea m
HPT LPT

First IP Second I P
substrea m substrea m HP steam
V13
Desup. Desup. Desup. Control gear
downstream of HPT L
V4 controls LPT inlet
P Piping pressure

Main IP process Piping

V4 controls P

V3
IP FW

V3 controls P
IPE IPB IPS and IPB pressue

Controls for IP Steam System - Induction Case

18
 Main LPT V6 V6 contr ols main LPT
bleed process Piping
bleed pr essure
Desup.

V7 used to control P
if uncontrolled LPT inlet
Desup. Desup. pressure is inadequate
First LP T Second L PT V7
substrea m substrea m

HPT LPT
First IP Second I P
substrea m substrea m
HP steam
Desup. Desup. Desup.
V13
V4 V8 V13 controls either LPT inlet
P Piping pressure or Main IP process
presssure
Main IP process V4 fully open V8 controls P
if LPT inlet pressure
is adequate

IP FW

IPE IPB IPS

Controls for IP Steam System - Extraction Case

19
 Control gear

LPTA1

Desup.

V9 LP induction
LP process

Piping

D/A
V10
LP FW

LPE LPB LPS

Controls for LP Steam System - Induction Case

20
 V14 controls LP process presssure
V14

LPTA1

Desup.

V9 V10 LP extraction
P LP process

D/A
V11
LP FW

LPE LPB LPS

Controls for LP Steam System - Extraction Case

21
 GT MASTER Bar Menu

Options menu (smilar to GTP)

Tools menu (cycle type from GT PRO - compatibility)

Topics menu (similar to GTP)

Window menu (similar to GTP)

New Session menu (no warning!)

Control Loops menu (just in GTM)

Excel Link menu (Similar to GTP)

Compare files (Similar to GTP)

Help (Similar to GTP)

22
 GTPro and GTMASTER Help
Just in GTPro: check for new release

Entire manual

Current topic clicking on F1

Release of the program

Hardware key refresh

23
 GT MASTER Outputs (similar to GTPro)

Text Output (may also include Capacity Messages)

Graphics Output

PEACE Output

GT MASTER Other features (similar to GTPro)

Multiple Runs

Re-design in GT-PRO

24
 GTPM (Transition Module)

Converts a GTPro file to GTMaster

Launch GTPro, Load GTP0501 file, compute if necessary and

click on

And say Interactive GTPM

25
GTPM (Transition Module)

This mask will appear

26
GTPM (Transition Module)

File menu / Navigator menu

Clicking on items:

27
GTPM (Transition Module)

28
 GTPM (Transition Module) - 2

Defaults introduced by GTPM (see page 2-16 – §2.9):

1. Inlet pressure control on ST

2. HPT set to throttle control
3. Set point for pressures and temperatures
4. Resistance coefficient for piping pressure drop
5. Deaerator pegged at low pressure conditions
6. HP drum as pegging steam source
7. User-defined flow rate for cooling water and
chiller water
8. Min/max condenser pressure
9. Mass flow priority for combined cycles with IPB/ST
10. Steaming control on economiser

29
GTPM (Transition Module)

30
GTPM (Transition Module)

31
GTPM (Transition Module)

32
GTPM (Transition Module)

33
GTPM (Transition Module)

34
Result from GTPM (Transition Module)

Compute in order
to freeze data

35
 GT MAST ER 25.0 T F-User Net Power 48354 kW
LHV Net Heat Rate 8335 kJ/kWh
LHV Net Efficiency 43.19 %
0.99 p
30 T 1X Siemens SGT -800-47 425.5 m 73.53 %N2
60 %RH (Physical Model #449) 13.06 %O2
1.01 p
417.4 m 3.363 %CO2
18.41 p 17.67 p 561 T
40265 kW 9.158 %H2O
450 T 1281 T 425.5 M
0.8856 %Ar

0.98 p
30 T
417.4 m

9113 kW

CH4 8.053 m
LHV= 111950 kWth 69 p
82 T 25 T 535 T
72.49 M 55.44 M

95 T 1.209 p
105 T
1.367 M
1.361 M
72.48 M

55.44 M

4.905 p 209 T
70.56 p 537 T
4.5 p 148 T 72.14 M V4
4.14 M

V8
5.253 p 105 T

4.14 M

74.51 p
151 T

LT E LPB IPE2 IPB HPE2 IPS1 HPE3 HPB1 HPS0 HPS1 HPS3

123 T Same name with 560 T

425.5 M 425.5 M
.GTM 71.91 p
1.176 m^3/kg1.209 p 1.209 p 5.1 p 5.1 p 73.79 p 4.905 p 73.01 p 73.01 p 72.53 p 70.56 p 2.419 m^3/kg
139 m^3/s 95 T 105 T 149 T 153 T 239 T 205 T 285 T 289 T 372 T 454 T 537 T 285.9 m^3/s
72.49 M 1.361 M 72.48 M 12.56 M 55.72 M 12.56 M55.72 M 55.44 M 55.44 M 55.44 M 55.44 M
131 131 138 138 168 226 226 274 277 304 304 478 513 513 538 538 560

p[bar], T [C], M[t/h], Steam Properties: IAPWS-IF97

36
1987 09-03-2015 15:25:46 file=C:\T F\Прочее\T raining Seminars\2015 Singapore\GT P-GT M\GT P0501.GT M
 Return to inputs - GT MASTER Menu

Plant Criteria

Site: similar to GT PRO but without choices for

cooling system (defined and frozen from GTP)

Calculation Options: item 1 and item 2 on page 3-2

Main Steam Piping Losses (Resistance coefficient and

PEACE methods)

Miscellaneous Assumptions

37
 GT MASTER “Plant criteria” Menu
Main Steam Piping Losses

Click in order to go to Pipe menu

38
 GT MASTER GT Inputs
GT Main Inputs
 Reselect GT: the load of the new GT must be between 75%-
125% of the load of the original GT !!
 Part load must be carefully considered
 Steam injection (if existing in GT PRO) may be modified
 Pressure drops correction factors may be modified

Inlet Heating and Cooling: chiller not changeable !!

Model Adjustment: similar to GT PRO

Control & Margins: similar to GT PRO

Fuel Heating & GT Cooling: similar to GT PRO

Bleeds and Additions: similar to “Bleeds and Injections” of

GT PRO

Auxiliaries & Miscellaneous: similar to GT PRO

39
 GT MASTER - ST Inputs

ST model: sizing by groups of stages

Inlet and extraction pressure control (hints on page 5-10)

ST Main Inputs

Stage Groups & Controls

Pressure Set Points (hints on page 5-16)

Exhaust End Hardware

ST Leaks

Steam Seal System

Generator

Auxiliaries & Miscellaneous

40
 GT MASTER - ST Process

Steam Turbine process: ports are fixed !!

FWH & DHC Hardware

GT MASTER - HRSG Inputs

HRSG Main Inputs

Hardware: differences between GT PRO and GT MASTER

Temperature Set Points: differences between GT PRO and GT MASTER

Assumptions (hint on page 7-17)

Radiant Boiler

Miscellaneous (hydrostatic correction)

41
 GT MASTER - HRSG Process

HRSG Process (hint on page 8-1) - priority

(IP pressure control)

HRSG Heat & Mass Additions

External Heat Transfer

42
 GT MASTER - Water Circuits

Water Circuit Main Inputs: LTE controls – DA pressure

control

Pumps

Process Hot Water

Stack Water Heater

Water Accounting

43
 GT MASTER - Cooling System

Cooling System Main Inputs

Condenser Hardware

Condensate Options

44
 GT MASTER Control Loop

GT PRO New session:

- 50-200 MW
- low efficiency
- no reheating
Cannot be changed later!!!!
Start design

Plant criteria: 27°C – 0 m asl – 60% RH - 50 Hz –

once-through water cooling

GT Selection: GE GT-6B.03 ID 514

GT Inputs - Inlet Heating & Cooling - Chiller: water-cooled

electrical chiller; T drop 11°C – P drop 2.5 mbar

HRSG Inputs: duct burner with exit temperature of 677°C

Equipment option: Sizing rise 222°C

Compute and save as GTP2101

45
 GT PRO 25.0 T F-User Net Power 72743 kW
LHV Net Heat Rate 7525 kJ/kWh
LHV Net Efficiency 47.84 %
1.01 p
27 T 1X GE GT -6B.03 515.2 m 74.22 %N2
60 %RH (Physical Model #514) 13.55 %O2
1.04 p
506.9 m 3.211 %CO2
12.65 p 12.14 p 548 T
43000 kW 8.124 %H2O
0 m elev. 361 T 1149 T 515.2 M
0.8938 %Ar

1p
16 T
506 m

31605 kW

CH4 9.273 m
LHV= 128910 kWth 55 p
39 T 25T 28 T 485 T
107.4 M 102.6 M

95 T 0.0689 p
1.209 p 39 T
105 T
106.2 M
0.8786 x
2.038 M
2.018 M
107.3 M

0.02 M
3.71 M

5.9 p 222 T
56.92 p 487 T
39 T
6.762 p 105 T

60.68 p FW
159 T

LT E LPB IPE2 IPB HPE2 IPS1 HPE3 HPB1 HPS0 HPS1 HPS3

88 T 546 T
516.9 M 515.2 M

1.047 m^3/kg1.209 p 1.209 p 6.566 p 6.566 p 59.55 p 6.313 p 58.92 p 58.92 p 58.1 p 57.49 p 56.92 p 2.314 m^3/kg
150.3 m^3/s 95 T 105 T 157 T 162 T 232 T 224 T 269 T 274 T 345 T 416 T 487 T 331.2 m^3/s
107.4 M 2.018 M 107.3 M 3.71 M 103.6 M 3.71 M 103.6 M 102.6 M 102.6 M 102.6 M 102.6 M
134 134 142 142 186 200 200 260 261 294 294 575 617 617 648 648 677
Includes DB CH4
1.664M
p[bar], T [C], M[t/h], Steam Properties: IAPWS-IF97 46
LHV 23135 kWth
1987 09-03-2015 14:15:21 file=C:\T F\Прочее\T raining Seminars\2015 Singapore\GT P-GT M\GT P2101.GT P
 2

Start GTPM clicking on “Off Design Simulation” and on

Automatic GTPM (pure conversion without re-sizing)
47
 GT MAST ER 25.0 T F-User Net Power 72739 kW
LHV Net Heat Rate 7525 kJ/kWh
LHV Net Efficiency 47.84 %
1.01 p
27 T 1X GE GT -6B.03 515.2 m 74.22 %N2
60 %RH (Physical Model #514) 13.55 %O2
1.04 p
506.9 m 3.211 %CO2
12.65 p 12.14 p 548 T
43000 kW 8.124 %H2O
361 T 1149 T 515.2 M
0.8938 %Ar

1p
16 T
506 m

31601 kW

CH4 9.273 m
LHV= 128910 kWth 55 p
39 T 25T 28 T 485 T
107.4 M 102.6 M

95 T 0.0692 p
1.203 p 39 T
105 T
106.3 M
0.8786 x
2.028 M
2.008 M
107.4 M

0.02 M
3.759 M

5.903 p 222 T
56.92 p 487 T
39 T
6.635 p 105 T

0.011 M
0.011 M
60.68 p FW
159 T

LT E LPB IPE2 IPB HPE2 IPS1 HPE3 HPB1 HPS0 HPS1 HPS3

88 T 546 T
516.9 M 515.2 M

1.046 m^3/kg1.203 p 1.203 p 6.438 p 6.438 p 59.64 p 6.332 p 58.91 p 58.91 p 58.38 p 57.71 p 56.92 p 2.314 m^3/kg
150.2 m^3/s 95 T 105 T 157 T 162 T 232 T 224 T 269 T 274 T 346 T 416 T 487 T 331.2 m^3/s
107.4 M 2.008 M 107.4 M 3.759 M 103.6 M 3.759 M103.6 M 102.5 M 102.5 M 102.5 M 102.6 M
134 134 142 142 185 200 200 260 261 294 294 575 617 617 648 648 677
Includes DB CH4
1.664M
p[bar], T [C], M[t/h], Steam Properties: IAPWS-IF97 LHV 23135 kWth
1987 09-03-2015 14:20:17 file=C:\T F\Прочее\T raining Seminars\2015 Singapore\GT P-GT M\GT P2101.GT M

Click on “Compute” and save as GTP2101.gtm

48
Click on “Return to Inputs” - “Control Loops” menu –
65,000 kW net with primary, upper and lower controls
49
“GT Inputs” – “Inlet Heating and Cooling” – “Chiller” – “Heat Balance”
Change variable from “exit temperature” to “temperature drop” –
“Compute”
50
After clicking on “Compute” the “Results” window is shown
Close and Save file as GTP2102.gtm

51
Return to Inputs – “Control loops” menu
55,000 kW net – New “Results” window

52
New “Results” window

53
Now select “Diverted exhaust” as lower control
Again 55000 kW net
54
 New “Results” window
Save file as GTP2103.gtm

55
PEACE - A member of a comprehensive family!

Cost Estimation of Combined Cycle & Cogeneration Plants

PDE
PDE

GT
GT PRO
PRO Imports heat balance design from:
>> PDE
>> GT PRO
GT
GT MASTER
MASTER >> GT MASTER

PEACE
PEACE

Exports detailed cost report to Excel

56
PEACE COST ESTIMATION
HEAT BALANCE INPUTS &
RESULTS

PEACE INPUTS
Location & Site Preliminary
Information engineering
calculations to size
Technical Options equipment and
& Features estimate materials

Pipe materials & sizing

Pump selection Site plan, equipment
dimensions & material
Tanks quantities estimated MODIFIERS
Electrical system details
Fire protection
Equipment, materials, User-defined
and labor cost cost & labor
estimating procedures
modifiers

Contractor’s “Soft” Costs Contractor’s Cost

Contractor’s Price
Owner’s “Soft” Costs
Total Owner’s Cost

Financial and O&M Projected Cash Flow,

Parameters Internal Rate of Return, &
Net Present Value
57
 Preliminary Engineering And Construction Estimator
(PEACE)
In GT PRO
• Find preliminary engineering & cost
details
• Identify unreasonable projects &
optimise good ones
• Export Bill of quantities and Costs
to Excel for the basis of definitive
lists
• Cross-check other estimates
• Find cost of extra features at the
concept stage- e.g. dual fuel
capability
• Note: every run with changed
conditions is re-designed
In GT MASTER
• Find preliminary cost & details
of fully defined plant (with
controls etc)
• Find Cost and Engineering
details of modifications and
effect on heat balance
• Specify and optimise full detail
of pipework, pumps &
performance effects
• Note: Specify added features
in GT PRO first (e.g.duct
burner)
58
 INTENDED USE OF GT PRO & GT MASTER with PEACE

REVISE
Plant Performance & Cost
Plant Type
Nominal Ambient Conditions Plant Performance at
GT PRO Design Point
Gas Turbine Selection
Desired Process Steam Flows
Other User Specifications
PEACE Inputs
INITIAL PLANT DESIGN
Refine and “Freeze” Hardware
in GTPM

REVISE
EVALUATE AND REVISE
THE PLANT DESIGN USING A SERIES
Plant Performance at
OF SIMULATIONS COVERING : GT MASTER Specified Conditions
Controls to Satisfy Power and/or Process
Expected Range of Process Steam Flows
Expected Range of Ambient Conditions Plant Performance & Cost
PEACE Inputs

Generally requires many runs, easily done FINAL PLANT DESIGN

with
Plant Details & Drawings
the Macro or with E-Link
59
 PEACE

The “green” menu

In “Plant criteria”: cost matrix and local characteristics

In “GT Inputs”

In “HRSG Inputs”

In “Cooling system”

In “ST Input”

“Other PEACE” menu

IN “Economics”

IN Gasification and Desalinisation

60
 PEACE
Load file GTP0601 Focus on PEACE results

- Schematics
(2D and 3D) Preliminary Engineering

- Equipment data

- Cost report
Financial
- Cash flow

61
 PEACE
Schematics (2D and 3D)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
FOR QUALITATIVE INDICATION ONLY
E
A A

B B

C A C

D D
B

E E
D C
Thermoflow, Inc. Company: DSENERGY S.R.L.
User: dr.ing. Aldo de'Bonis -D820-
SHAPE, DIMENSIONS & SCALE ARE APPROXIMATE GAS TURBINE PACKAGE
ELEVATION

A B C D E F G H I J Date: 08/27/08 SGT-800 295

F Drawing No:
F
11.9 m 3.4 m 8.5 m 3.5 m 12.7 m - - - - -

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
PEACE/GT PRO 18.0.2 dr.ing. Aldo de'Bonis -D820-
File = G:\01 Milano 16-20 giugno 2008\01 GTP-GTM-PCE training\FILES GTP-GTM-PCE Milan June 08\GTP0601.gtp

62
 PEACE
Equipment data

63
 PEACE
Cost report

64
 PEACE
- Cash flow

65
 Focus on Link to Excel

How to install E-LINK

Introduction to program main features

Use file GTP1301 (already used for GT PRO Macro)

Tools in Excel : WISEbook, DRS, TOPS

66
 Other sources of help
• The Guidance window at the bottom of the screen
• The GT PRO and GT MASTER manuals
• HELP: press <F1> or Help on menu bar
• Tutorials – visit our web site www.thermoflow.com
• Contact THERMOFLOW
e-mail info@thermoflow.com
phone (508) 303-5033
fax (508) 303-5022