CEOR Reviewer Finals Lesson 11 15

LESSON 11: a.
Environmental Impact
ENVIRONMENTAL AND Assessment and Mitigation
It is the identification and
ENERGY ENGINEERING evaluation process to assess the
potential impacts of a proposed
A. Definition project, plans, programs,
policies, or legislative actions
Environmental and Energy Engineering upon the physical-chemical,
is the application of civil engineering biological, cultural, and
principles, processes and procedures to socioeconomic components on
improve or remediate the land, air and environmental conditions.
water environment, and/or to convert,
produce, transfer, distribute, use, or
conserve energy with the most positive
impact and/or least negative impact on b. Water Quality Management
the environment, including natural or It is the management of water
environmental disaster risk resources for potable and other
management. uses such as agricultural,
commercial, industrial,
B. General Topics recreational and energy.
1. Under Environmental Engineering: c. Waste Water Conveyance and

a. Waste Water Management Treatment
b. Air and Noise Pollution Control This deals with developing
c. Solid Waste Management collection and treatment systems
d. Radiation Protection to carry waste material away
e. Industrial Hygiene from where people live and
f. Environmental Sustainability produce the waste and discharge
g. Public Health issues it into the environment.
h. Environmental Engineering Laws,
Republic Acts (RA) and d. Air Quality Management
Administrative Orders (AO) This deals with design of
i. Environmental Impact manufacturing and combustion
Assessment of proposed new processes to reduce air pollutant
construction projects. emissions to acceptable levels.
2. Under Energy Engineering: e. Solid Waste Management

a. Generation of Electric Power It is designing management
b. Nuclear Power Issues systems for the collection,
c. Energy Planning (capacity vs transport, processing or disposal,
demand, conveyance/transport) managing and monitoring of
d. Energy Policy and Economics waste materials produced by
e. Energy Development (new human activity with minimum or
technologies) no detrimental effects, as well as
f. Energy Systems Operation its utilization for energy
g. Energy Sustainability production.
h. Energy Infrastructure
2. Under Energy Engineering:
C. Scope of Sub-Specialties
a. Sustainable or Green
1. Under Environmental Engineering: Construction
This study source was downloaded by 100000813777341 from CourseHero.com on 12-19-2022 19:38:18 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/132294808/CEOR-reviewer-finals-lesson-11-15docx/
This deals with the type of
construction concerned with LESSON 12 to 13:
environmental impacts in
addition to the creation of a
CIVIL ENGINEERING
usable structure. SUSTAINABILITY
b. Renewable and Alternative AND THE FUTURE
Energy
Quantitative principles and A. Sustainability in Civil Engineering
technology associated with
energy sources primarily driven Read through the blog post “Sustainability in
by the sun, the moon and the Civil Engineering, How Environmental Trends
earth’s geology: solar, wind, Have Shifted Construction Focus:
wave, hydroelectric, geothermal
and tidal energy. Points to ponder:
a. Perform Lifecycle Assessment –
c. Energy Recovery for the time that buildings and
Harnessing energy content of infrastructure keep
waste products directly by using functioning/working, did design
them as a direct combustion fuel, consider to minimize operational
or indirectly by processing them cost and reduce frequency of
into another type of fuel. Thermal maintenance/repair/
treatment ranges from using rehabilitation?
waste as fuel source for cooking b. Use Resources Wisely – during
or heating and the use of the gas construction, what efforts are
fuel, to fuel for boilers to done to optimize resources;
generate steam and electricity in options (i.e. concrete vs steel,
a turbine. cheap wood formworks vs pricey
reusable phenolic boards),
logistics (i.e. site mix or transit
SOURCES and REFERENCES: mix, air travel or sea freight), and
recyclables
1. Manual of Civil Engineering c. Plan for Resiliency – withstanding
Specializations, 2013, by the Philippine acceptable level of forces of
Institute of Civil Engineers nature and calamities
d. Validate Application of Principles
– is there a significant difference
in sustainable building compared
to traditional methods?
B. United Nations Sustainable

Development Goals (UN SDG) for 2030
reaffirmed the global community's
commitments to poverty eradication and the
environment, and built on Agenda 21 and the
Millennium Declaration by including more
emphasis on multilateral partnerships.
At the United Nations Conference on

Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, in June 2012, Member States
adopted the outcome document "The Future
We Want" in which they decided, inter alia, to
launch a process to develop a set of SDGs to
build upon the MDGs and to establish the UN
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable High-level Political Forum on Sustainable
Development, adopted by all United Nations Development. The Rio +20 outcome also
Member States in 2015, provides a shared contained other measures for implementing
blueprint for peace and prosperity for people sustainable development, including mandates
and the planet, now and into the future. At its for future programmes of work in development
heart are the 17 Sustainable Development financing, small island developing states and
Goals (SDGs), which are an urgent call for more.
action by all countries - developed and
developing - in a global partnership. They In 2013, the General Assembly set up a 30-
recognize that ending poverty and other member Open Working Group to develop a
deprivations must go hand-in-hand with proposal on the SDGs.
strategies that improve health and education,
reduce inequality, and spur economic growth – In January 2015, the General Assembly began
all while tackling climate change and working to the negotiation process on the post-2015
preserve our oceans and forests. development agenda. The process culminated
in the subsequent adoption of the 2030 Agenda
The SDGs build on decades of work by for Sustainable Development, with 17 SDGs at
countries and the UN, including the UN its core, at the UN Sustainable Development
Department of Economic and Social Affairs Summit in September 2015.
In June 1992, at the Earth Summit in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, more than 178 countries
adopted Agenda 21, a comprehensive plan of
action to build a global partnership for
sustainable development to improve human
lives and protect the environment.
Member States unanimously adopted the The following UN SDG’s can be significantly
Millennium Declaration at the Millennium affected by civil engineers:
Summit in September 2000 at UN
Headquarters in New York. The Summit led to 1. (6) Clean Water and Sanitation
the elaboration of eight Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) to reduce extreme
poverty by 2015.
The Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable

Development and the Plan of Implementation,
adopted at the World Summit on Sustainable
Development in South Africa in 2002,
3. (11) Sustainable Cities and
Communities
2. (9) Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
age, the environment consisted of
LESSON 14 to 15: only physical aspects of the planted
CIVIL ENGINEERING earth' land, air and water as
biological communities. As the time
AND passed on man extended his
environment through his social,
ENVIRONMENTAL economic and political functions.
SCIENCE
c. Where Surrounded. The answer to
C. Environmental Science Fundamentals this question. It is in nature that
physical component of the plant
1. Introduction earth, viz land, air, water etc.,
support and affect life in the
The science of Environment studies is a multi- biosphere. According to a Goudie
disciplinary science because it comprises environment is the representative of
various branches of studies like chemistry, physical components of the earth
physics, medical science, life science, where in man is an important factor
agriculture, public health, sanitary engineering affecting the environment.
etc. It is the science of physical phenomena in
the environment. It studies of the sources, 3. Element of Environment
reactions, transport, effect and fate of physical
a biological species in the air, water and soil Environment is constituted by the interacting
and the effect of from human activity upon systems of physical, biological and cultural
these. elements inter-related in various ways,
individually as well as collectively. These
2. Environment Explained elements may be explained as under:
Literary environment means the surrounding a. Physical elements are as space,

external conditions influencing development or landforms, water bodies, climate
growth of people, animal or plants; living or soils, rocks and minerals. They
working conditions etc. This involves three determine the variable character of
questions: the human habitat, its opportunities
as well as limitations.
a. What is Surrounded. The answer to
this question is living objects in b. Biological elements such as plants,
general and man in particular. animals, microorganisms and men
constitute the biosphere.
b. By what Surrounded. The physical
attributes are the answer to this c. Cultural elements such as
question, which become economic, social and political
environment. In fact, the concern of elements are essentially manmade
all education is the environment of features, which make cultural milieu.
man. However, man cannot exist or
be understood in isolation from the 4. Various Types of Environments
other forms of life and from plant life.
Hence, environment refers to the a. Physical environment, refers to
sum total of condition, which geographical climate and weather or
surround point in space and time. physical conditions wherein and
The scope of the term Environment individual lives. The human races
has been changing and widening by are greatly influenced by the climate.
the passage of time. In the primitive
b. Social Environment includes an environment issues like global
individual’s social, economic and warming and ozone depletion, acid
political condition wherein he lives. rain, marine pollution and
The moral, cultural and emotional biodiversity are not merely national
forces influence the life and nature issues but are global issues and
of individual behaviour. Society may hence must be tackled with
be classified into two categories as international efforts and cooperation.
under: (i) An open society is very
conductive for the individual b. Problems Cropped in The Wake of
development; (ii) A closed society is Development – Development, in its
not very conductive for the wake gave birth to Urbanization,
development. Industrial Growth, Transportation
Systems, Agriculture and Housing
c. Psychological Environment. etc. However, it has become phased
Although physical and social out in the developed world. The
environment are common to the North, to cleanse their own
individual in a specific situation. Yet environment has, fact fully, managed
every individual has his own to move ‘dirty’ factories of South.
psychological environment, in which When the West developed, it did so
he lives. Kurt Lewin has used the perhaps in ignorance of the
term ‘life space’ for explaining environmental impact of its activities.
psychological environment. The Evidently such a path is neither
Psychological environment enables practicable nor desirable, even if
us to understand the personality of developing world follows that.
an individual. Both the person and
his goal form psychological c. Explosively Increase in Pollution –
environment. If a person is unable to World census reflects that one in
overcome the barriers, he can either every seven persons in this planted
get frustrated or completed to lives in India. Evidently with 16 per
change his goal for a new cent of the world's population and
psychological environment. But only 2.4 per cent of its land area,
adopting this mechanism, the there is a heavy pressure on the
individual is helped in his adjustment natural resources including land.
to the environment. Agricultural experts have recognized
soils health problems like deficiency
5. Importance of Environmental Studies of micronutrients and organic matter,
soil salinity and damage of soil
The environment studies enlighten us, about structure.
the importance of protection and conservation
of our indiscriminate release of pollution into d. Need for An Alternative Solution – It
the environment. At present a great number of is essential, specially for developing
environment issues, have grown in size and countries to find alternative paths to
complexity day by day, threatening the survival an alternative goal.
of mankind on earth. We study about these
issues besides and effective suggestions in the e. Need To Save Humanity From
Environment Studies. Environment studies Extinction – It is incumbent upon us
have become significant for the following to save the humanity from extinction.
reasons: Consequent to our activities
constricting the environment and
a. Environment Issues Being of depleting the biosphere, in the name
International Importance – It has of development.
been well recognised that
f. Need For Wise Planning of methods can be used both in developed
Development – Our survival and and developing countries.
sustenance depend. Resources
withdraw, processing and use of the c. Buildings are built to last
product have all to by synchronised Once a building is up, the plan is for it to
with the ecological cycles in any stay there for a while! This means that
plan of development our actions methods and techniques used in its
should be planned ecologically for construction will carry on paying
the sustenance of the environment environmental dividends for at least
and development. decades to come.
D. Civil Engineering Impacts to the More than 80% of a building’s

Environment greenhouse emissions come from the
phase when it’s in use – a busy office, a
1. Environmental Considerations happy family home; the remainder of the
emissions are created when it’s being
a. Buildings have a big impact on built, renovated and then when it’s being
climate change demolished. By targeting the so-called
operational phase, the time when the
Our buildings take up more than 40% of lights and the air-con are on, great
our global energy usage and contribute reductions in CO2 can be achieved.
a third of our greenhouse gas
emissions. This is true both for Older buildings still in their operational
developed and developing regions of phase can be retrofitted, and new
the world. buildings can be made with
environmental considerations. This is
Most of these emissions come from the especially important in developing
ongoing energy consumption in the economies, as these areas will be
buildings – electricity, lighting, heating building more structures than ever
and cooling. However, some non-CO2 before.
emissions come from buildings too, like
halocarbons. In the past, most d. Governments can help too
emissions came from developed
countries, but developing countries are Governments have a role to play in
catching up fast and it’s expected that making sure new buildings look to the
emissions from buildings in newly- future. They have to make the building
emerging countries will soon outstrip and civil engineering sectors a priority in
those from developed nations. their climate change strategies and
plans.
b. Playing a huge role in combating
climate change Each countries government can help its
building sector by introducing credible,
The civil engineering and building sector achievable and measurable energy
are in a position to deliver significant, performance standards and targets.
long-term reductions in greenhouse gas There should also be training provided
emissions. Civil engineering companies so that there are technicians and
are leading the way by using new assessors who can assess the energy
technologies and techniques in their performance of buildings and make sure
projects. These innovative new methods all available technologies and methods
can reduce the ongoing energy are used. Education is also key, with all
consumption in buildings by up to 80% parts of the building sector becoming
and the good news is that these
engaged and motivated to reach economic-growth-in-central-luzon-
emissions targets. tugade/
e. It’s good for the economy
If emissions from buildings are reduced

then it’s good for the economy and the
people in it. Globally, the building,
renovation and maintenance of buildings
– commercial and domestic – is around
25% of a country’s GDP and employs
around 10% of the populace. By
introducing extra measures to make
buildings greener, there’s huge potential
for new employment and new
businesses to serve these drives and
development goals.
2. Case Studies
a. Manila Bay Dolomite Beach

Rehabilitation
See the article “Philippines: Artificial

white sandy beach could spell eco
disaster” from
https://www.dw.com/en/philippines-
artificial-white-sandy-beach-could-spell-
eco-disaster/a-55397340
Points to Ponder:
i. What is your opinion about the
government decision to
rehabilitate Manila Bay?
ii. How has dolomite affected the
immediate areas and
surrounding environment?
iii. On a civil engineering
standpoint, what could have
been the alternative action in
addressing the beatification of
Manila Bay?
b. Philippine National Railways (PNR)

New North-South Commuter Line
See the article “PNR Malolos-Clark

project to boost economic growth in
Central Luzon — Tugade” from
https://mb.com.ph/2021/09/21/pnr-
malolos-clark-project-to-boost-
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

CEOR Reviewer Finals Lesson 11 15

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CEOR Reviewer Finals Lesson 11 15

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LESSON 11: a.

1. Under Environmental Engineering: c. Waste Water Conveyance and

2. Under Energy Engineering: e. Solid Waste Management

B. United Nations Sustainable

At the United Nations Conference on

The Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable

2. (9) Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Literary environment means the surrounding a. Physical elements are as space,

D. Civil Engineering Impacts to the More than 80% of a building’s

e. It’s good for the economy

If emissions from buildings are reduced

a. Manila Bay Dolomite Beach

See the article “Philippines: Artificial

b. Philippine National Railways (PNR)

See the article “PNR Malolos-Clark

You might also like