FIRST MASS - Andres Bonifacio, ang tagasubaybay ni Rizal.

LIMASAWA CHURCH - Tinanong ni Padre Pio kung handa na ba ang mga Pilipino na labanan ang
- March 28, 1521. Dumating si Magellan sa Limasawa. mga Espanyol. Ang sagot ni Rizal ay “ HINDI PA!”
- Raja Kolambu ang hari ng Limasawa na nakipag sanduguan kay - Nagbilin si Rizal kay Andres ng mga gagawin ngunit kahit isa ay walang
Ferdinand Magellan. natupad.
- March 31, 1521. Naganap ang first mass kasama si Raja Siagu hari ng l Gawing lider ang mga illustrado
Butuan. l Gawing Heneral si Luna
- Pedro de Valderama, ang paring nakabalik ng buhay sa espanya.  June 12, 1898- nalaman ng Kastila ang lihim na samahan o ang KKK.
- 18/270 ang nakabalik gamit ang barkong Victoria. Kasama sina Pigafetta CRY EL GRITO DE REBELION o ang cry of rebellion.
at Albo.  
- Sebastian Elcano, kapitan ng Victoria. PUGADLAWIN-QUEZON CITY
  - Teodoro Agoncillo, Filipino Historian.
BUTUAN CHURCH - Oligario Diaz (Balintawak on 25 of August).
- Ayon kay Sonia Zaidi, isang historian. Naniwala sa mga impormasyon - Teodoro Kalaw (Kangkong, Balintawak on last week of August).
batay kina Pigafetta at Albo. - Gregorio De jesus (Pasong Tamo on August 24, 1896)
- Nahukay ang mga Balanghai sa Masao Island na matatagpuan sa Butuan. - Julio Nakpil, pangalawang asawa nung namatay si Andres B. sinasabing
- Subalit pumabor ang NHCP sa inilatag na mga patunay ng Limasawa. ginawa ang cry noong August 25 sa Kangkong Balintawak.
- Matatagpuan sa Magallanes yung cross, ang lokasyon ng Butuan ay naka - Pio Valenzuela (kanang kamay ni Andres). Pinaniwalaan ng NHCP.
konekta sa Agusan River. - Pugadlawin on August 23, 1896.
 
1872 CAVITE MUTINY
- Nangyari sa Arsenal sa Cavite, lugar kung saan ginagawa ang mga armas 5 STEPS TO WRITING STRONG POSITION PAPER
(baril, kanyon, bala at ibp). military.  
1. Introduce the topic with some basic info. Build up to thesis sentence, which
- Tinanggalan ng karapatan ang mga Pilipino, Polo y servicio.
asserts position.
- Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo, advance mag-isip kaya pinapatay ang mga 2. Introduce possible objections to the position.
rebelde. 3. Support and acknowledge the opposing points. Just be sure aren’t
- Sgt. Lamadrid, isa sa namuno at namatay sa rebelyon. discrediting your views.
- Pinatapon ang mga illustrado sa labas ng bansa at ang mga mahihirap 4. Explain that your position is still the best one, despite the strength of
ang pinatay ng mga Espanyol.  counterarguments. This is where you can work to discrete some of the
GOMBURZA counterarguments to support your own.
- tatlong paring martyr na gustong magkaroon ng posisyon sa simbahan o 5. Summarize your argument and restate your position.
ang tinatawag na SECULARIZATION.
- Clergy, local priest. THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
- Regular Espanyol na pari. CONSTITUTION
- Sekular Pilipinong pari.
   the fundamental law of a nation or state.
1896 REVOLUTION  establishes the character and basic principles of the government.
Ponciano  also described as “the highest expression of the law”.
- kapatid ni Rizal  The system that runs the government is often codified in this written
- kaibigan ni Padre Gomez. document, which forms the fundamental rules and principles by which an
- Naikwento ni Ponciano sa kanyang kapatid na si Rizal ang nangyari sa organization is managed.
kanyang kaibigan na si Padre Gomez kung saan sinimulang magsulat ni  It is these same principles that make clear the rights of the individual and
Rizal ng Noli at El Fili. creates limitations to government power
 - Some constitutions, such as the constitution of the United Kingdom are
uncodified but written in numerous fundamental Acts of a legislature, court
cases, or treaties.
- The constitution of India is the longest written constitution of any sovereign
country in the world, containing 444 articles in 22 parts, 12 schedules, and
118 amendments, with 146, 585 words in its English-language version.
- On the other hand, the constitution of Monaco is the shortest written
constitution, containing 10 chapters with 97 articles, and a total of 3,814
words.
A constitution is cumulative or evolved when it originates mainly in custom,
common law principles, and courts' decisions. It is the product of historical
evolution and growth rather than deliberate and formal enactment. It has no formal
starting point, is not struck off at a specific date, and it changes by slow gradual
accretion rather than by formal legal process.
a conventional or enacted is one, which has been formulated usually by a
constitutional assembly or promulgated by the King 
It is struck off at a definite time and place

PURPOSE OF CONSTITUTION Rigid can be amended only by a formal and usually difficult process, while a
flexible is one that can be altered by the same body that makes ordinary laws of
- It prescribes the framework of the system or the kind of government that the state.
will exist in the state.  Examples of a rigid constitution are those of the Philippines and United States,
- It creates different departments and specifies their respective functions
and duties.
- It is the source of the sovereign powers of a government by establishing flexible Constitution includes those of Great
-
the fixed, first, or basic principles on which the government is founded.
It promotes public welfare, which involves the people's safety, prosperity,
Britain, Hungary, Italy, and Spain.
health, and happiness. The constitution establishes the rights of the people
which the government is obligated to protect. It guarantees freedom of
speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of religion.
- The constitution is written by a constitutional convention which is a body
assembled for the express purpose of framing or writing a constitution,
revising an existing one, or proposing amendments to it
- After writing the constitution, the draft constitution or its
amendments/revisions are submitted to a plebiscite for ratification in which
the people will decide whether it is acceptable to become a law of the land.
- This is different from a referendum in which a law passed by a legislative
body is brought before the people to be voted upon. The results, however,
may or may not be considered by the state.

CLASSIFICATION OF CONSTITUTION
A written constitution is one in which most of its provisions are embodied in a
single formal written instrument or instruments is a work of conscious art and the
result of a deliberate effort to lay down a body of fundamental principles under
which government shall be organized and conducted
A classic example of a written constitution is the United States Constitution.

An unwritten constitution is entirely the product of political evolution, consisting

largely of a mass of customs, usages, and judicial decisions together with a
smaller body of statutory enactments of a fundamental character, usually bearing
different dates 
The English Constitution is an example of an unwritten constitution.