ATA 24

ELECTRICAL
The Electrical System consists of three separate subsystems:
- DC (Direct Current):
- 28 VDC from Starter/Generators,
- 24 VDC from Batteries.
- AC (Alternating Current), constant frequency:
- 115 VAC (400 Hz) single-phase from Static Inverters,
- 26 VAC (400 Hz) single-phase from Static Inverters.
- ACW (Alternating Current Wild), variable frequency:
- The output voltage of each ACW generator is 115 / 200 VAC
wild frequency with a normal operating frequency range of 341
to 488 Hz
corresponding to 70 to 100% Np.
NOTE:ACW generation is basically used for the De-icing and
Heating Systems, and electro-hydraulic Pumps
The DC power source is provided by two dual function DC starter / generators driven by the High Pressure (HP) compressor through the
Auxiliary Gear Boxe (AGB).
As a starter, it rotates the HP compressor for engine starting. The cut-out point is 45% NH.
As a generator, it is driven by the HP compressor. The on-line point is 61.5 % NH.
In starting mode, each starter/generator drives its respective engine to its self-sustaining point. The main battery or the ground power unit
can be
used to start the first engine, either left or right.
When the DC external power is not available or disconnected, the second engine is started by the main battery and the running
starter/generator
(cross-start) in the following way:
- between 0% and 10% NH, the main battery (alone) gives electrical power (in order to keep to a minimum mechanical and electrical inrush
Look at the LH Maintenance Panel (DC).
The DC Measuring System gives voltage and current indication by:
- a Voltmeter
- and an Ammeter
- under a control selector.
The two DC instruments and the selector are installed on LH Maintenance Panel (101 VU).
The selector controls the voltage and current if it is set to each single DC generating source as follows:
- S/G 1 (GEN 1),
- S/G 2 (GEN 2),
- Main Battery (MAIN BAT),
- emergency Battery (EMER BAT),
- DC external power (EXT PWR
The ACW (wild frequency) power source is provided by two ACW Generators driven by the
Power Turbines through the Propeller Reduction Gear
Box (RGB
In Hotel Mode, as Propeller is stopped, ACW is not available.
Look at the left hand
Maintenance Panel (AC).
The AC (wild frequency)
measuring system gives the
following indications:
- voltage,
- load,
- Frequency,
by a voltmeter,
a load meter
and a frequency meter,
under a selector.
The three AC instruments and the
selector are installed on LH
maintenance panel 101 VM
The Bus Power Control Unit (BPCU)
controls:
- Main busses tie,
- Load shedding,
- Service bus,
- Ground handling bus,
- Battery start contactor,
- Cranking by main battery,
- External power Contactor -EPC- (11
PG).
The Generator Control Unit (GCU),
associated with each DC starter / generator,
provides control for starter and generator
operation.
The GCU monitors the point of regulation
where the voltage is maintened constant as
load varies and provides fault detection and
protection for:
- over / undervoltage
- over / underspeed,
- differential fault current,
- generator overload,
- bus tie lock out.
There are four Hall Effect
Sensors. Two for each DC starter
/ generator channel provide
through the related GCU:
- overload protection,
- differential fault protection,
- current measuring,
- current limiting function.
An overload or a short
circuit detected by the
Hall Effect Sensors
will be indicated by the
"DP" (Differential
Protection) magnetic
annunciator
located on the GCU
front face.