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Linkedin-Skill-Assessments-Quizzes - Python-Quiz - MD at Main Ebazhanov - Linkedin-Skill-Assessments-Quizzes GitHub
Linkedin-Skill-Assessments-Quizzes - Python-Quiz - MD at Main Ebazhanov - Linkedin-Skill-Assessments-Quizzes GitHub
Linkedin-Skill-Assessments-Quizzes - Python-Quiz - MD at Main Ebazhanov - Linkedin-Skill-Assessments-Quizzes GitHub
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An abstract class is the name for any class from which you can instantiate an object.
Abstract classes must be redefined any time an object is instantiated from them.
Abstract classes must inherit from concrete classes.
An abstract class exists only so that other "concrete" classes can inherit from the abstract
class.
reference
Q2. What happens when you use the build-in function any() on a list?
The any() function will randomly return any item from the list.
The any() function returns True if any item in the list evaluates to True. Otherwise, it returns
False.
The any() function takes as arguments the list to check inside, and the item to check for. If
"any" of the items in the list match the item to check for, the function returns True.
The any() function returns a Boolean value that answers the question "Are there any items
in this list?"
example
Q3. What data structure does a binary tree degenerate to if it isn't balanced properly?
linked list
queue
set
OrderedDict
reference
Static methods are called static because they always return None .
Static methods can be bound to either a class or an instance of a class.
Static methods serve mostly as utility methods or helper methods, since they can't access or
modify a class's state.
Static methods can access and modify the state of a class or an instance of a class.
reference
Attributes are long-form version of an if/else statement, used when testing for equality
between objects.
Attributes are a way to hold data or describe a state for a class or an instance of a class.
Attributes are strings that describe characteristics of a class.
Function arguments are called "attributes" in the context of class methods and instance
methods.
Explanation Attributes defined under the class, arguments goes under the functions.
arguments usually refer as parameter, whereas attributes are the constructor of the class
or an instance of a class.
tuple assignment
tuple unpacking
tuple matching
tuple duplication
Q7. What built-in list method would you use to remove items from a list?
.delete() method
pop(my_list)
del(my_list)
.pop() method
example
my_list = [1,2,3]
my_list.pop(0)
my_list
>>>[2,3]
Q8. What is one of the most common use of Python's sys library?
reference
Q9. What is the runtime of accessing a value in a dictionary by using its key?
Q10. What is the correct syntax for defining a class called Game, if it inherits from a parent
class called LogicGame?
Explanation: The parent class which is inherited is passed as an argument to the child
class. Therefore, here the first option is the right answer.
sum(-4, 5)
1
"""
return a + b
B
def sum(a, b):
"""
>>> sum(4, 3)
7
>>> sum(-4, 5)
1
"""
return a + b
# >>> sum(-4, 5)
# 1
"""
return a + b
>>> sum(-4, 5)
1
###
return a + b
Explanation - use ''' to start the doc and add output of the cell after >>>
Q12. What built-in Python data type is commonly used to represent a stack?
set
list
None
dictionary
Q14. What is the purpose of the "self" keyword when defining or calling instance methods?
self means that no other arguments are required to be passed into the method.
There is no real purpose for the self method; it's just historic computer science jargon that
Python keeps to stay consistent with other programming languages.
self refers to the instance whose method was called.
self refers to the class that was inherited from to create the object using self .
Simple example
class my_secrets:
def __init__(self, password):
self.password = password
pass
instance = my_secrets('1234')
instance.password
>>>'1234'
You can assign a name to each of the namedtuple members and refer to them that way,
similarly to how you would access keys in dictionary .
Each member of a namedtuple object can be indexed to directly, just like in a regular tuple .
namedtuples are just as memory efficient as regular tuples .
No import is needed to use namedtuples because they are available in the standard library.
Instance methods can modify the state of an instance or the state of its parent class.
Instance methods hold data related to the instance.
An instance method is any class method that doesn't take any arguments.
An instance method is a regular function that belongs to a class, but it must return None .
Q17. Which statement does NOT describe the object-oriented programming concept of
encapsulation?
It tells the computer which chunk of code to run if the instructions you coded are incorrect.
It runs one chunk of code if all the imports were successful, and another chunk of code if the
imports were not successful.
It executes one chunk of code if a condition is true, but a different chunk of code if the
condition is false.
It tells the computer which chunk of code to run if the is enough memory to handle it, and
which chunk of code to run if there is not enough memory to handle it.
Reference
Q19. What built-in Python data type is best suited for implementing a queue?
dictionary
set
None. You can only build a queue from scratch.
list
Q20. What is the correct syntax for instantiating a new object of the type Game?
my_game = class.Game()
my_game = class(Game)
my_game = Game()
my_game = Game.create()
Explanation: - The synax for map() function is list(map(function,iterable)) . The simple area
finder using map would be like this
import math
radius = [1,2,3]
area = list(map(lambda x: round(math.pi*(x**2), 2), radius))
area
>>> [3.14, 12.57, 28.27]
Q22. If you don't explicitly return a value from a function, what happens?
It is used to skip the yield statement of a generator and return a value of None.
It is a null operation used mainly as a placeholder in functions, classes, etc.
It is used to pass control from one statement block to another.
It is used to skip the rest of a while or for loop and return to the start of the loop.
Q24. What is the term used to describe items that may be passed into a function?
arguments
paradigms
attributes
decorators
Q25. Which collection type is used to associate values with unique keys?
slot
dictionary
queue
sorted list
Q27. Assuming the node is in a singly linked list, what is the runtime complexity of searching
for a specific node within a singly linked list?
The runtime is O(n) because in the worst case, the node you are searching for is the last
node, and every node in the linked list must be visited.
The runtime is O(nk), with n representing the number of nodes and k representing the
amount of time it takes to access each node in memory.
The runtime cannot be determined unless you know how many nodes are in the singly linked
list.
The runtime is O(1) because you can index directly to a node in a singly linked list.
Q28. Given the following three list, how would you create a new list that matches the desired
output printed below?
fruits = ['Apples', 'Oranges', 'Bananas']
quantities = [5, 3, 4]
prices = [1.50, 2.25, 0.89]
#Desired output
[('Apples', 5, 1.50),
('Oranges', 3, 2.25),
('Bananas', 4, 0.89)]
output = []
return output
i = 0
output = []
for fruit in fruits:
temp_qty = quantities[i]
temp_price = prices[i]
output.append((fruit, temp_qty, temp_price))
i += 1
return output
>>> [
('Apples', 5, 1.50),
('Oranges', 3, 2.25),
('Bananas', 4, 0.89)
]
i = 0
output = []
for fruit in fruits:
for qty in quantities:
for price in prices:
output.append((fruit, qty, price))
i += 1
return output
Q29. What happens when you use the built-in function all() on a list?
The all() function returns a Boolean value that answers the question "Are all the items in
this list the same?
The all() function returns True if all the items in the list can be converted to strings.
Otherwise, it returns False.
The all() function will return all the values in the list.
The all() function returns True if all items in the list evaluate to True. Otherwise, it returns
False.
Explanation - all() returns true if all in the list are True, see example below
test = [True,False,False,False]
if all(test) is True:
print('Yeah all are True')
else:
print('There is an imposter')
>>> 'There is an imposter'
Q30. What is the correct syntax for calling an instance method on a class named Game?
(Answer format may vary. Game and roll (or dice_roll) should each be called with no parameters.)
backtracking
dynamic programming
decrease and conquer
divide and conquer
Abstraction means that a different style of code can be used, since many details are already
known to the program behind the scenes.
Abstraction means the implementation is hidden from the user, and only the relevant data or
information is shown.
Abstraction means that the data and the functionality of a class are combined into one
entity.
Abstraction means that a class can inherit from more than one parent class.
A
a 1
a 2
a 3
b 1
b 2
b 3
c 1
c 2
c 3
aaa
bbb
ccc
111
222
333
a 1 2 3
b 1 2 3
c 1 2 3
return a + b
return a + b
Explanation: Use """ to start and end the docstring and use >>> to represent the output. If
you write this correctly you can also run the doctest using build-in doctest module
Q37. Suppose a Game class inherits from two parent classes: BoardGame and LogicGame.
Which statement is true about the methods of an object instantiated from the Game class?
When instantiating an object, the object doesn't inherit any of the parent class's methods.
When instantiating an object, the object will inherit the methods of whichever parent class
has more methods.
When instantiating an object, the programmer must specify which parent class to inherit
methods from.
An instance of the Game class will inherit whatever methods the BoardGame and LogicGame
classes have.
Example
# namedtuple function accepts the following arguments to generate a class
from collections import namedtuple
>>> Point = namedtuple('Point',['x','y'])
>>> point = Point(100, 200)
>>> point
Point(x=100, y=200)
Reference
Q39. What symbol(s) do you use to assess equality between two elements?
&&
==
||
Q40. Review the code below. What is the correct syntax for changing the price to 1.5?
fruit_info = {
'fruit': 'apple',
'count': 2,
'price': 3.5
}
my_list['price'] == 1.5
5 != 6
yes
False
True
None
It makes classes aware of each other if more than one class is defined in a single code file.
It is included to preserve backwards compatibility from Python 3 to Python 2, but no longer
needs to be used in Python 3.
It is a method that acts as a constructor and is called automatically whenever a new object is
created from a class. It sets the initial state of a new object.
It initializes any imports you may have included at the top of your file.
Example:
class test:
def __init__(self):
print('I came here without your permission lol')
pass
t1 = test()
>>> 'I came here without your permission lol'
How many microprocessors it would take to run your code in less than one second
Q44. What is the correct syntax for creating a variable that is bound to a dictionary?
Q45. What is the proper way to write a list comprehension that represents all the keys in this
dictionary?
Q46. What is the purpose of the self keyword when defining or calling methods on an
instance of an object?
self refers to the class that was inherited from to create the object using self .
There is no real purpose for the self method. It's just legacy computer science jargon that
Python keeps to stay consistent with other programming languages.
self means that no other arguments are required to be passed into the method.
Explanation: - Try running the example of the Q42 without passing self argument inside the
__init__ , you'll understand the reason. You'll get the error like this __init__() takes 0
positional arguments but 1 was given , this means that something is going inside even if haven't
specified, which is instance itself.
A class method is a regular function that belongs to a class, but it must return None.
A class method can modify the state of the class, but they can't directly modify the state of
an instance that inherits from that class.
A class method is similar to a regular function, but a class method doesn't take any
arguments.
A class method hold all of the data for a particular class.
You did not use very many advanced computer programming concepts in your code.
The difficulty level your code is written at is not that high.
It will take your program less than half a second to run.
The amount of time it takes the function to complete grows linearly as the input size
increases.
Q50. According to the PEP 8 coding style guidelines, how should constant values be named in
Python?
in camel case without using underscores to separate words -- e.g. maxValue = 255
in lowercase with underscores to separate words -- e.g. max_value = 255
in all caps with underscores separating words -- e.g. MAX_VALUE = 255
in mixed case without using underscores to separate words -- e.g. MaxValue = 255
A deque adds items to one side and remove items from the other side.
A deque adds items to either or both sides, but only removes items from the top.
A deque adds items at either or both ends, and remove items at either or both ends.
A deque adds items only to the top, but remove from either or both sides.
Explanation - deque is used to create block chanin and in that there is first in first out approch,
which means the last element to enter will be the first to leave.
Q52. What is the correct syntax for creating a variable that is bound to a set?
Q53. What is the correct syntax for defining an __init__() method that takes no
parameters?
class __init__(self):
pass
def __init__():
pass
class __init__():
pass
def __init__(self):
pass
Q54. Which of the following is TRUE About how numeric data would be organised in a Binary
Search Tree?
For any given node in a binary search tree, the value of the node is greater than all the
values in the node's left subtree and less than the ones in its right subtree.
Binary Search Tree cannot be used to organize and search through numeric data, given the
complication that arise with very deep trees.
The top node of the binary search tree would be an arbitrary number. All the nodes to the
left of the top node need to be less than the top node's number, but they don't need to
ordered in any particular way.
The smallest numeric value would go in the top most node. The next highest number would
go in its left child node, the the next highest number after that would go in its right child
node. This pattern would continue until all numeric values were in their own node.
Q55. Why would you use a decorator?
A decorator is similar to a class and should be used if you are doing functional programming
instead of object oriented programming.
A decorator is a visual indicator to someone reading your code that a portion of your code is
critical and should not be changed.
You use the decorator to alter the functionality of a function without having to modify the
functions code.
An import statement is preceded by a decorator, python knows to import the most recent
version of whatever package or library is being imported.
Only in some situations, as loops are used only for certain type of programming.
When you need to check every element in an iterable of known length.
When you want to minimize the use of strings in your code.
When you want to run code in one file for a function in another file.
Q57. What is the most self-descriptive way to define a function that calculates sales tax on a
purchase?
def tax(my_float):
'''Calculates the sales tax of a purchase. Takes in a float representing the subtotal
pass
def tx(amt):
'''Gets the tax on an amount.'''
def sales_tax(amount):
'''Calculates the sales tax of a purchase. Takes in a float representing the subtotal
def calculate_sales_tax(subtotal):
pass
Q58. What would happen if you did not alter the state of the element that an algorithm is
operating on recursively?
You do not have to alter the state of the element the algorithm is recursing on.
You would eventually get a KeyError when the recursive portion of the code ran out of items
to recurse on.
You would get a RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded.
The function using recursion would return None.
explanation
Q59. What is the runtime complexity of searching for an item in a binary search tree?
The runtime for searching in a binary search tree is O(1) because each node acts as a key,
similar to a dictionary.
The runtime for searching in a binary search tree is O(n!) because every node must be
compared to every other node.
The runtime for searching in a binary search tree is generally O(h), where h is the height of
the tree.
The runtime for searching in a binary search tree is O(n) because every node in the tree must
be visited.
explanation
You use a mixin to force a function to accept an argument at runtime even if the argument
wasn't included in the function's definition.
You use a mixin to allow a decorator to accept keyword arguments.
You use a mixin to make sure that a class's attributes and methods don't interfere with
global variables and functions.
If you have many classes that all need to have the same functionality, you'd use a mixin to
define that functionality.
explanation
Q61. What is the runtime complexity of adding an item to a stack and removing an item from
a stack?
Add items to a stack in O(1) time and remove items from a stack on O(n) time.
Add items to a stack in O(1) time and remove items from a stack in O(1) time.
Add items to a stack in O(n) time and remove items from a stack on O(1) time.
Add items to a stack in O(n) time and remove items from a stack on O(n) time.
Q62. Which statement accurately describes how items are added to and removed from a
stack?
a stacks adds items to one side and removes items from the other side.
a stacks adds items to the top and removes items from the top.
a stacks adds items to the top and removes items from anywhere in the stack.
a stacks adds items to either end and removes items from either end.
Explanation Stack uses the last in first out approach
A base case is the condition that allows the algorithm to stop recursing. It is usually a
problem that is small enough to solve directly.
The base case is summary of the overall problem that needs to be solved.
The base case is passed in as an argument to a function whose body makes use of recursion.
The base case is similar to a base class, in that it can be inherited by another object.
Q64. Why is it considered good practice to open a file from within a Python script by using
the with keyword?
The with keyword lets you choose which application to open the file in.
The with keyword acts like a for loop, and lets you access each line in the file one by one.
There is no benefit to using the with keyword for opening a file in Python.
When you open a file using the with keyword in Python, Python will make sure the file gets
closed, even if an exception or error is thrown.
explanation
Virtual environments create a "bubble" around your project so that any libraries or packages
you install within it don't affect your entire machine.
Teams with remote employees use virtual environments so they can share code, do code
reviews, and collaborate remotely.
Virtual environments were common in Python 2 because they augmented missing features in
the language. Virtual environments are not necessary in Python 3 due to advancements in
the language.
Virtual environments are tied to your GitHub or Bitbucket account, allowing you to access
any of your repos virtually from any machine.
Q66. What is the correct way to run all the doctests in a given file from the command line?
python3 <_filename_>
python3 doctest
tutorial video
any function that makes use of scientific or mathematical constants, often represented by
Greek letters in academic writing
a function that get executed when decorators are used
any function whose definition is contained within five lines of code or fewer
a small, anonymous function that can take any number of arguments but has only expression
to evaluate
Reference
Explanation:
The lambda notation is basically an anonymous function that can take any number of
arguments with only single expression (i.e, cannot be overloaded). It has been introducted
in other programming languages, such as C++ and Java. The lambda notation allows
programmers to "bypass" function declaration.
You can access a specific element in a list by indexing to its position, but you cannot access a
specific element in a tuple unless you iterate through the tuple
Lists are mutable, meaning you can change the data that is inside them at any time. Tuples
are immutable, meaning you cannot change the data that is inside them once you have
created the tuple.
Lists are immutable, meaning you cannot change the data that is inside them once you have
created the list. Tuples are mutable, meaning you can change the data that is inside them at
any time.
Lists can hold several data types inside them at once, but tuples can only hold the same data
type if multiple elements are present.
None
An iterable object
A linked list data structure from a non-empty list
All the keys of the given dictionary
Q70. What is the difference between class attributes and instance attributes?
def get_next_card():
# method body goes here
:
def get_next_card(self):
# method body goes here
def self.get_next_card():
# method body goes here
def self.get_next_card(self):
# method body goes here
call.(get_max_num)
-- This is a comment
# This is a comment
/_ This is a comment _\
// This is a comment
Q74. What is the correct syntax for replacing the string apple in the list with the string
orange?
orange = my_list[1]
my_list[1] = 'orange'
my_list['orange'] = 1
my_list[1] == orange
Q75. What will happen if you use a while loop and forget to include logic that eventually
causes the while loop to stop?
Nothing will happen; your computer knows when to stop running the code in the while loop.
You will get a KeyError.
Your code will get stuck in an infinite loop.
You will get a WhileLoopError.
A queue adds items to either end and removes items from either end.
A queue adds items to the top and removes items from the top.
A queue adds items to the top, and removes items from anywhere in, a list.
A queue adds items to the top and removes items from anywhere in the queue.
Q77. Which choice is the most syntactically correct example of the conditional branching?
num_people = 5
num_people = 5
num_people = 5
defaultdict will automatically create a dictionary for you that has keys which are the
integers 0-10.
defaultdict forces a dictionary to only accept keys that are of the types specified when you
created the defaultdict (such as strings or integers).
If you try to read from a defaultdict with a nonexistent key, a new default key-value pair
will be created for you instead of throwing a KeyError .
defaultdict stores a copy of a dictionary in memory that you can default to if the original
gets unintentionally modified.
Q79. What is the correct syntax for adding a key called variety to the fruit_info
dictionary that has a value of Red Delicious ?
red_delicious = fruit_info['variety']
red_delicious == fruit_info['variety']
Simple Example
i = 1
while i<6:
print('Countdown:',i)
i = i + 1
Q81. What is the correct syntax for defining an __init__() method that sets instance-
specific attributes upon creation of a new class instance?
:
def __init__(attr1, attr2):
attr1 = attr1
attr2 = attr2
Explanation: When instantiating a new object from a given class, the __init__() method will
take both attr1 and attr2 , and set its values to their corresponding object attribute, that's
why the need of using self.attr1 = attr1 instead of attr1 = attr1 .
Q82. What would this recursive function print if it is called with no parameters?
def count_recursive(n=1):
if n > 3:
return
print(n)
count_recursive(n + 1)
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
2
1
:
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
2
3
Q83. In Python, when using sets, you use _ to calculate the intersection between two sets and
_ to calculate the union.
Intersect ; union
| ; &
& ; |
&& ; ||
import numpy as np
np.ones([1,2,3,4,5])
It returns a 5x5 matric; each row will have the values 1,2,3,4,5.
It returns an array with the values 1,2,3,4,5
It returns five different square matrices filled with ones. The first is 1x1, the second 2x2, and
so on to 5x5
It returns a 5-dimensional array of size 1x2x3x4x5 filled with 1s.
Reference
Q85. You encounter a FileNotFoundException while using just the filename in the open
function. What might be the easiest solution?
datetime
dateday
daytime
timedate
Q89. What is the correct syntax for defining a class called Game?
reference here
Q90. What is the correct syntax for calling an instance method on a class named Game?
Q91. What is the output of this code? (NumPy has been imported as np.)?
a = np.array([1,2,3,4])
print(a[[False, True, False, False]])
{0,2}
[2]
{2}
[0,2,0,0]
Q92. Suppose you have a string variable defined as y="stuff;thing;junk;". What would be the
output from this code?
z = y.split(';')
len(z)
17
4
0
3
Explanation:
y="stuff;thing;junk"
len(z) ==> 3
y="stuff;thing;junk;"
len(z) ==> 4
num_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
num_list.remove(2)
print(num_list)
[1,2,4,5]
[1,3,4,5]
[3,4,5]
[1,2,3]
Explanation:
num_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
num_list.pop(2)
>>> [1,2,4,5]
num_list.remove(2)
>>> [1,3,4,5]
[10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1]
reversed(list(range(1,11)))
list(reversed(range(1,10)))
list(range(10,1,-1))
list(reversed(range(1,11)))
Reference
Q95. Which fragment of code will print exactly the same output as this fragment?
import math
print(math.pow(2,10)) # prints 2 elevated to the 10th power
print(2^10)
print(2**10)
y = 1
for i in range(1,10):
y = y * 2
print(y)
Reference
Reference
Q97. What is the output of this code? (NumPy has been imported as np.)
table = np.array([
[1,3],
[2,4]])
print(table.max(axis=1))
[2, 4]
[3, 4]
[4]
[1,2]
Reference
number = 3
print (f"The number is {number}")
The number is 3
the number is 3
THE NUMBER IS 3
Reference
Reference
Q100. Which mode is not a valid way to access a file from within a Python script?
write('w')
scan('s')
append('a')
read('r')
1. Reference
2. Reference
Q101. NumPy allows you to multiply two arrays without a for loop. This is an example of _.
vectorization
attributions
accelaration
functional programming
Q102. What built-in Python data type can be used as a hash table?
set
list
tuple
dictionary
Q103. Which Python function allows you to execute Linux shell commands in Python?
sys.exc_info()
os.system()
os.getcwd()
sys.executable
Q104. Suppose you have the following code snippet and want to extract a list with only the
letters. Which fragment of code will _not_ achieve that goal?
my_dictionary = {
'A': 1,
'B': 2,
'C': 3,
'D': 4,
'E': 5
}
letters = []
letters = my_dictionary.keys()
letters4 = list(my_dictionary)
Explanation: The first one (the correct option) returns the list of the values (the numbers). The
rest of the options return a list of the keys.
Q105. When an array is large, NumPy will not print the entire array when given the built-in
print function. What function can you use within NumPy to force it to print the entire array?
set_printparams
set_printoptions
set_fullprint
setp_printwhole
You use try/except blocks when you want to run some code, but need a way to execute
different code if an exception is raised.
You use try/except blocks inside of unit tests so that the unit testes will always pass.
You use try/except blocks so that you can demonstrate to your code reviewers that you
tried a new approach, but if the new approach is not what they were looking for, they can
leave comments under the except keyword.
You use try/except blocks so that none of your functions or methods return None .
Reference
Q107. In Python, how can the compiler identify the inner block of a for loop?
because of the blank space at the end of the body of the for loop
Q108. What Python mechanism is best suited for telling a user they are using a deprecated
function
sys.stdout
traceback
warnings
exceptions
x = {1,2,3,4,5}
x.add(5)
x.add(6)
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6}
{5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
{6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Explanation: The .add() method adds the element to the set only if it doesn't exist.
Q110. How would you access and store all of the keys in this dictionary at once?
fruit_info = {
'fruit': 'apple',
'count': 2,
'price': 3.5
}
my_keys = fruit_info.to_keys()
my_keys = fruit_info.all_keys()
my_keys = fruit_info.keys
my_keys = fruit_info.keys()
Q112. Given that NumPy is imported as np , which choice will return True ?
a = np.zeros([3,4])
b = a.copy()
np.array_equal(a,b)
a = np.empty([3,4])
b = np.empty([3,4])
np.array_equal(a,b)
a = np.zeros([3,4])
b = np.zeros([4,3])
np.array_equal(a,b)
a = np.array([1, np.nan])
np.array_equal(a,a)
// This is a comment
# This is a comment
-- This is a comment
/* This is a comment *\
Q114. In this code fragment, what will the values of c and d be equivalent to?
import numpy as np
a = np.array([1,2,3])
b = np.array([4,5,6])
c = a*b
d = np.dot(a,b)
d = sum(a) + sum(b)
d = sum(c)
Q115. What two functions within the NumPy library could you use to solve a system of linear
equations?
Q116. What is the correct syntax for creating a variable that is bound to a list?
Reference
mode
average
mean
median
Explanation: The median is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data
sample. Here it is 13.
Q118. What are the two main data structures in the Pandas library?
Reference
Q119. Suppose you have a variable named vector of type np.array with 10,000 elements. How
can you turn vector into a variable named matrix with dimensions 100x100?
matrix = vector.to_matrix(100,100)
matrix = matrix(vector,100,100)
Reference
dictionnary
list
set
string
Reference
myFunction("Spain")
myFunction("")
myFunction()
:
Hello, I am from Spain
Hello, I am from
Hello, I am from
Q122. Choose the option below for which instance of the class cannot be created
Anonymous Class
Parent Class
Nested Class
Abstract Class
Reference
Q123. Using Pandas, we load a data set from Kaggle, as structured in the image below. Which
command will return the total number of survivors?
sum(titanic['Survived'])
[x for x in titanic['Survived'] if x == 1]
len(titanic["Survived"])
sum(titanic['Survived']==0)
Q124. How would you create a list of tuples matching these lists of characters and actors?
characters = ["Iron Man", "Spider Man", "Captain America"]
actors = ["Downey", "Holland", "Evans"]
zip(characters, actors)
[]
d = {}
Q126. Jaccard Similarity is a formula that tells you how similar two sets are. It is defined as the
cardinality of the intersection divided by the cardinality of the union. Which choice is an
accurate implementation in Python?
Reference
Long
Int
Float
Double
[3,2,3]
[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]
Q129. Given a list defined as numbers = [1,2,3,4] , what is the value of numbers[-2] ?
1
3
2
An IndexError exception is thrown.
Q131. What is the correct syntax for defining an init() method that takes no parameters?
definit(self): pass
classinit(self): pass
classinit(): pass
definit(): pass
() -empty parameter self -refers to all instances within a class init -a reserved method, aka a
constructor init() -always executed when the class is being initiated
Q132. Suppose you need to use the sin function from the math library. What is the correct
syntax for importing only that function?
using math.sin
import math.sin
Q133. What do you get if you apply numpy.sum() to a list that contains only Boolean values?
a type error
None
Q134. What will this code print?
True
foo
You will get an error message because constant integer values are not classes.
bar
Q135. If you do not explicitly return a value from a function, what happens?
Q136. it is often the case that the pandas library is used for _ data and NumPy for _ data.
string; numerical
unstructured; structured
numerical; tabular
tabular; numerical
Reference
Q138. The image below was created using Matplotlib. It is a distribution plot of a list of
integers filled with numbers using the function _ and plotted with _.
random.uniform(0,50);plt.hist
random.gauss(50,20);plt.hist
random();plt.scatter
random.triangular(0,50);plt.bar
Reference
a = np.arange(100)
b = a[50:60:2]
Q140. When using NumPy in Python, how do you check the dimensionality (number and
length of dimensions) of an object called my_object?
my_object.get_shape()
my_object.shape
my_object.dim()
len(my_object)
Q141. Assume you have a non-empty list named mylist and you want to search for a specific
value. The minimum number of comparison will be __ and the maximum number of
comparison will be _?
len(mylist); len(mylist)
1; len(mylist)
2; len(mylist)
0; len(mylist)
Explanation: Can use a break statement and the value being searched can be the first element of
the list, given that it is non-empty.
Q142. If a function does not have a return statement, what does it really return?
0
True
None
False
Reference
Q144. Suppose you want to double-check if two matrices can be multipled using NumPy for
debugging purposes. How would you complete this code fragment by filling in the blanks
with the appropiate variables?
import numpy as np
if _____ == ______ :
print('The matrices can be multipled!')
return True
else:
return False
columnsMat1; rowsMat1;
columnsMat1; rowsMat2;
columnsMat1; columnsMat2;
columnsMat2; rowsMat1;
[(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)]
[1,2,3,4,5]
[(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)]
[(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5)]
Q146. In Python, a class method must have __ as a function decorator, and the first parameter
of the method will be a reference to __.
Reference
Q147. Which snippet of code will print My name is Joffrey, son of Robert?
class Father():
name = 'Robert'
class Person(Father):
def __init__(self, name):
self.fathername = super.name
self.name = name
def introduce(self):
print("My name is", self.name, "son of", self.fathername)
king = Person("Joffrey")
king.introduce()
class Father():
name = 'Robert'
class Person(Father):
def __init__(self, name):
self.fathername = self.name
self.name = name
def introduce(self):
print("My name is", self.name, "son of", self.fathername)
king = Person("Joffrey")
king.introduce()
class Father():
name = 'Robert'
class Person(Father):
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def introduce(self):
print("My name is", self.name, "son of", super.name)
king = Person("Joffrey")
king.introduce()
class Father():
name = 'Robert'
class Person(Father):
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def introduce(self):
print("My name is", self.name, "son of", base.name)
king = Person("Joffrey")
king.introduce()
Explanation: In the first, super does not have .name (should be self.name), The third drops
Robert, and base is not defined in the 4th.
Q148.
animals = {
'a': ['ant', 'antelope', 'armadillo'],
'b': ['beetle', 'bear', 'bat'],
'c': ['cat', 'cougar', 'camel']
}
print(animals['b'])
print(animals['d'])
Explanation: Dictionaries usually result in an exception when using the square bracket syntax.
Defaultdict here returns a default value dedicated by the first parameter so instead of throwing
an exception, they return the default. Note that this needs to be imported as follows: from
collections import defaultdict
Reference
Q149. What will this line of code return? (Assume n is already defined as any positive integer
value.)
[x*2 for x in range(1,n)]
Reference
x = 18
if x > 10:
if x > 15:
print('A')
else:
print('B')
else:
print('C')
C
AB
B
A
Q151. Suppose you have a variable named vector of type np.array with 10.000 elements. How
can you turn vector into a variable named matrix with dimensions 100x100?
matrix = matrix(vector,100,100)
matrix = vector.to_matrix(100,100)
matrix = (vector.shape = (100,100))
matrix = vector.reshape(100,100) Exa
32
16
128
No fixed length is specified
Q153. What will the value of the i variable be when the following loop finishes its execution?
5
the variable becomes unavailable
6
4
Q155. How many CPUs (or cores) will the Python threading library take advantage of
simultaneously?
One
All of the available CPUs
Two
Three
Explanation: Python threading is restricted to a single CPU at one time. The multiprocessing
library will allow you to run code on different processors.
x = 5
y = 1 + (20 if x < 5 else 30)
False
21
2
31
Explanation: Pickling is the process of sterilizing a Python object, that is, conversion of a byte
stream into Python object hierarchy. The reverse of this process is known as unpickling.
print("codescracker".endswith("er"))
True
1
2
False
True
False
print("programming".center())
cr
programming
Error says TypeError: center expected at least 1 argument, got 0
None of the Above
Tim Berners-Lee
Ada Lovelace
Guido van Rossum
Alan Turing
SET
TUPLE
DICTIONARY
LIST
Q163. What will be printed in the console if you run this code?
x = 1j
print(x**2 == -1)
a run-time error telling you that the variable j has not been initialized
True
1j
False
Explanation: The letter j acts as the imaginary unit in Python, therefore x**2 means j**2
which is equal to -1 . The statement x**2 == -1 is evaluated as True .
Q164. What will be printed in the console if you run this code?
print(0xA + 0xB + 0xC)
33
63
0xA + 0xB + 0xC
None
Explanation: A, B and C are hexadecimal integers with values 10, 11 and 12 respectively, so the
sum of A, B and C is 33.
for i in range(5):
print(i)
else:
print("Done!")
1 2 3 4 5 Done!
0 1 2 3 4 5 Done!
0 1 2 3 4 Done!
You will get a syntax error.
Use lists instead of tuples when you have a collection of related but dissimilar objects.
Use tuples instead of lists when you have a common collection of similar objects.
Use tuples instead of lists for functions that need to return multiple values.
Use lists instead of tuples when the position of elements is important.
Q167. Consider the following code snippet that uses decorators to calculate the execution
time of execution_fn function:
import functools
import time
def timer(MISSING_ARG_1):
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
start_time = time.perf_counter()
rval = func(*args, **kwargs)
end_time = time.perf_counter()
duration = end_time - start_time
print(f"Executed in {duration:.4f} seconds")
return MISSING_ARG_2
return MISSING_ARG_3
@timer
def execution_fn():
for i in range(3):
time.sleep(1)
execution_fn()
MISSING_ARG_1 = wrapper
MISSING_ARG_2 = rval
MISSING_ARG_3 = func
MISSING_ARG_1 = func
MISSING_ARG_2 = rval
MISSING_ARG_3 = wrapper
MISSING_ARG_1 is empty
MISSING_ARG_2 = rval
MISSING_ARG_3 = wrapper
MISSING_ARG_1 is empty
MISSING_ARG_2 = rval
MISSING_ARG_3 = func
Q168. Which of the following statements defines a new object type named "Dog" in Python?
class Dog:
Dog class:
Dog:
class Dog
preprocessing
pipeline
filters
pipe_filter
Q170. You should pass in a value of _ for the axis argument to the Pandas apply method to
apply the function to each row.
row
col
1
0
pointers
points
markers
none of these
[4 5 6]
Q173. What is the correct syntax for replacing the string apple in the list with the string
orange ?
orange = my_list[1]
my_list[1] = 'orange'
my_list['orange'] = 1
my_list[1] == orange
Q174. Assume m, n and p are positive integers. In the following comprehension, how many
times will the function randint be called?
m_n_p
the greater value of (m,n,p)
1 million
m+n+p
Q175. Suppose you have a class named MyClass which has multiple inheritance and methods
with the same name in its ancestors. Which class method could you call to see which method
will get priority when invoked?
MyClass.__mro__
MyClass.hierarchy()
callable(MyClass)
dir(MyClass)
Explanation: MRO stands for Method Resolution Order. It returns a list of types the class is
derived from, in the order they are searched for methods.