This PAID PDF is provided by AffairsCloud’s dedicated team that works

diligently to provide aspirants with high-quality content. We recommend

you to purchase this PDF subscription and seize the opportunity to learn
efficiently.
Help Us to Grow & Provide Quality Service

Suggestions & Feedback are welcomed

Support@affairscloud.com

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 1

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 2
 AFFAIRSCLOUD TODAY
Current Affairs 20 December 2022 : Headlines

1. India Launches ‘Group of Friends’ to Promote Accountability for Crimes against Peacekeepers
2. PM lays foundation stone, inaugurates and dedicates to the nation multiple projects worth over
Rs. 2450 crores in Shillong, Meghalaya
3. Quadrilateral Agreement Inked on Black Sea Submarine Electric Cable
4. IDFC First Bank Introduces Zero-fee Banking on savings accounts
5. DBS Bank India Partners with Gofrugal Tech to Empower SMEs towards ONDC
6. Indian Bank Launches Special Fixed Deposit of 555 Days with Returns Up to 7.15%
7. Google partners DigiLocker to bring On-Device Storing of Government IDs
8. Wipro & Finastra partners to target digital transformation business with corporate banks in the
Middle East
9. India’s Sargam Koushal crowned as Mrs World 2022
10. NMDC wins IEI Industry Excellence Award 2022
11. Indian-Origin Leo Varadkar Elected as Ireland’s Prime Minister for 2nd time
12. MCA Secretary Manoj Govil nominated as SEBI Board Member
13. LIC Raises Stake in IRCTC to Over 7%, Buys 1.81 Crore Shares
14. ‘INS Mormugao’: Stealth Guided Missile Destroyer Commissioned into Indian Navy
15. Dharti Agro launched World’s 1st GMS based Cowpea (Lobia) Hybrids
16. Highlights of 22nd FIFA Men’s World Cup 2022 held in Qatar
17. Indian Women’s Hockey Team Wins FIH Hockey Women’s Nations Cup Spain 2022
18. International Migrants Day 2022 -December 18
19. UN Arabic Language Day 2022 – December 18
20. Minority Rights Day 2022 – 18th December

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 3

 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
India Launches ‘Group of Friends’ to Promote Accountability for Crimes against Peacekeepers
India, the President of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), has launched a ‘Group of Friends’ to
promote accountability for crimes against peacekeepers. While addressing the launch event, Subrahmanyam
Jaishankar, Union Minister of External Affairs announced that New Delhi will have a database that will record
all crimes against the UN Peacekeepers (Blue Helmets).

• The co-chairs of the ‘Group of Friends’ are India, Bangladesh, Egypt, France, Morocco and Nepal.
About Group of Friends:
i.Peacekeeping is one of the key tools that is available with the UNSC to maintain international peace and
security.
• The Group of Friends will seek to facilitate the promotion of accountability for all acts of violence
against UN peacekeepers and also supports capacity building along with technical assistance.
ii.The Group of Friends will convene two meetings per year. They are organised by the representatives of the
Permanent Missions of the co-chairs along with all interested Member States and other UN partners.
Background:
i.According to the UNSC resolution 2589 adopted in August 2021, the Group of Friends represents the
‘political will’ of member states, notably the nations that provide troops and police to UN peacekeeping
missions.
ii.This resolution was co-sponsored by more than 80 member states and was unanimously adopted by the
UNSC.
Note – India, among the largest troop-contributing countries to UN peacekeeping, which has lost around 177
peacekeepers in the line of duty and is notably the largest among other countries.

PM lays foundation stone, inaugurates and dedicates to the nation multiple projects worth
over Rs. 2450 crores in Shillong, Meghalaya
The Prime Minister (PM), Narendra Modi, laid the foundation for a number of projects totaling more than Rs.
2450 crore and officially launched them in Shillong, Meghalaya.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 4

 • The PM attended the North Eastern Council meeting at the State Convention Centre in Shillong and
took part in its golden jubilee celebrations.
Multiple Projects
i.The inauguration of 320 finished and 890 under construction 4G mobile towers
ii.The new Indian Institutes of Management (IIM) Shillong campus was inaugurated in Umsawli, Shillong.
iii.The inauguration of the Shillong-Diengpasoh Road, which would improve access to the new Shillong satellite
township.
iv.The inauguration of 4 other road projects in the three states of Meghalaya, Manipur, and Arunachal Pradesh.
v.The PM also inaugurated 21 Hindi libraries in Mizoram, Manipur, Tripura, and Assam, as well as a Spawn
Laboratory at the Mushroom Development Center and an Integrated Beekeeping Development Centre in
Meghalaya.
• He laid the groundwork for six road projects in Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, and Tripura.
• He also laid the foundation for Shillong Technology Park Phase II and the Tura Integrated
Hospitality and Convention Centre in Meghalaya.
PM Lays Foundation Stone, Inaugurates & Dedicates to The Nation Various Key Initiatives Worth
Over Rs. 4350 Crores in Agartala, Tripura
PM Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for several significant initiatives totaling more than Rs. 4350
crores and formally launched them in Agartala, Tripura.
Various Projects
i.Launch of the “Grih Pravesh“ programme for beneficiaries of Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) (Urban)
and PMAY -Rural.
• The programme, developed at a cost of Rs. 3,400 crore, will benefit over 2 lakh people.
ii.Launch of connectivity projects for the widening of Agartala bypass (Khayerpur – Amtali) National Highways
(NH)-08.
iii.Under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) III, foundation stones were laid for 32 roads totaling
more than 230 km, as well as improvement projects for 112 roads totaling more than 540 km.
iv.The PM also inaugurated Tripura’s first dental college, the Agartala Government Dental College, and the State
Institute of Hotel Management in Anandnagar.
Development Activities Taken by The Government of India in The North Eastern Regions
i.The North Eastern region is well equipped with numerous infrastructures, including a multipurpose hall, a
football field, and an athletics track, in addition to having the first National Sports University of India, located
in Imphaal, the capital of Manipur.
ii.The rapid advancements to connect all North East capitals, including Shillong, with rail service, as well as the
rise in weekly flights from 900 in 2014 to 1900 in 2022.
• Flights are offered on 16 routes in Meghalaya as part of the UDAN (Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik)
scheme.
iii.In terms of digital connectivity, optical fibre coverage has expanded 4 times in the Northeast and 5 times in
Meghalaya since 2014.
iv.More than 150 Eklavya schools are being built in the Northeast, with 39 of them located in Meghalaya.
v.A budget of Rs 6,000 crore has been allocated under the Prime Minister’s Development Initiative for
North East Region (PM-DevINE) scheme, which will help the North East develop by facilitating the approval
of large development projects.
vi.An extensive network of ropeways is being constructed under the Parvatmala Scheme.
• The “Asht Aadhar,” or eight key points, for the development of the “Asht Lakshmi,” or the eight
northeastern states.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 5

vii.With the construction of the India-Thailand-Myanmar highway infrastructure and the Agartala-Akhaura
railway line, the Northeast area through Tripura is emerging as a “gateway for international trade.”
viii.With the completion of the international terminal at Maharaja Bir Bikram Airport in Agartala, Tripura,
the state is emerging as a major logistical hub in the Northeast.
• President Draupadi Murmu recently laid the cornerstone for
the Maharaja Birendra Kishore Manikya Museum and Cultural Centre in Tripura, one of the 10
Tribal Freedom Fighter Museums being built across India.
Note: In India, November 15 is observed as Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas in remembrance of the birth anniversary
of Lord Birsa Munda.
Recent Related News:
i.Arunachal Pradesh will establish a Fish Museum, the first-of-its-kind in the North-East region (NER), with
all fish species across the district from Tawang to Longding, to attract tourists, fish lovers and the museum will
also serve as a training centre for fish farmers.
ii.This project will be built at a financial outlay of Rs 43.59 crore in the current financial year (FY23) as the
first instalment.
About Meghalaya:
Chief Minister (CM) – Conrad Kongkal Sangma
Governor – Brigadier (Dr.) B.D. Mishra (Retired)
Festival – Shad Suk Mynsiem Festival; Nongkrem Festival
Stadium – Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Outdoor)

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Quadrilateral Agreement Inked on Black Sea Submarine Electric Cable
Romania, Hungary, Azerbaijan and Georgia signed a quadrilateral intergovernmental agreement on the Black
Sea submarine cable for the transport of electricity from the Caspian area to Romania. The 500 Kilovolts (kV)
submarine cable between Georgia and Romania would be 1,100 km long and have a capacity of 1 gigawatt(GW).
• This agreement will provide the financial and technical framework for the implementation of the
project, through which Azerbaijan will supply its green electricity through power lines to Georgia,
and then by the planned submarine cable to Romania, and from there to Hungary and the rest of
Europe, through the European transport system. The project also includes a telecommunications
cable.

BANKING & FINANCE

IDFC First Bank Introduces Zero-fee Banking on savings accounts
On 18th December 2022, On the occasion of its foundation day, IDFC First Bank has introduced zero-fee
banking for savings accounts, as it waives off charges for a range of 25 frequently used customer-focused
banking services that are connected to savings accounts.
Zero Fee services offered by IDFC First Bank:
i.The services include cash deposits, withdrawals, demand drafts, Immediate Payment Service (IMSP), SMS
alerts, third-party cash transactions, demand drafts, National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT), Real Time
Gross Settlement (RTGS), cheque books, interest certificates, insufficient balance for ATM transactions and
international ATM usage.
• It also includes issue of Duplicate Statements, Passbook Charges, Interest Certificate (Charges per
Certificate), Account Closure, ECS Return Charges, Stop Payment Charges, Standing Instruction
Charges, Address confirmation charges, Photo Attestation Charges, Signature Attestation Charges,

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 6

 Old records/ copy of paid cheques charges and any deliverable returned by courier due to negative
reasons.
Key Points:
i.This service is provided to customers, who maintain Average Monthly Balance (AMB) between 10,000 and
25,000 in their savings accounts.

ii.The customers with basic financial literacy will benefit from the zero-fee banking.
About IDFC FIRST Bank:
IDFC FIRST Bank was formed by the merger of erstwhile IDFC Bank and Capital First, a Non Banking financial
Company (NBFC) on 18th December 2018.
MD & CEO – V. Vaidyanathan
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra

DBS Bank India Partners with Gofrugal Tech to Empower SMEs towards ONDC
DBS Bank India Limited (DBIL) partnered with Gofrugal Technologies Pvt. Ltd., a seller-centric platform
offering Omnichannel ERP solutions to empower enterprise customers, including micro, small and medium
enterprises (MSME) and retail merchants, to adopt Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) and also
enables them to expand their digital commerce footprint.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 7

Key highlights:
i.The partnership furthers DBIL’s commitment to reimagining Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) banking
through innovation and providing digital solutions beyond traditional banking.
ii.Through this partnership, DBIL will integrate its digital solutions with Gofrugal Technologies to help MSMEs
and other small businesses to introduce and expand their products quickly via ONDC.
About Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC):
i.Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC), an initiative by the Government of India (GoI), was launched in
April 2022, as an alternative to global e-commerce giants.
ii.It is a platform based on an open protocol that will enable local commerce across mobility, grocery, food
order and delivery, hotel booking and travel.
Trucknetic & DBS Bank India Collaborates to Offer Trucking Solutions
Trucknetic, India’s version of Uber for trucks, has collaborated with DBS Bank India Limited (DBIL) as a
logistics partner on its Business Class platform to offer complete digital banking, logistics, value-added services,
and discounts to SMEs throughout India.
• Trucknetic is the first digital platform in India to book all types of trucks, including electric.
Key highlights:
i.The main objective is to modernise operations across the supply chain, increase the ease of doing business in
India, and bring transparency and efficiency to the logistics industry.
ii.The collaboration also provides effective and affordable logistics solutions by utilising cutting-edge
technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and data analytics.
About DBS Bank India Limited (DBIL):
DBIL was among the 1st foreign banks in India to start operating as a wholly owned, locally incorporated
subsidiary.
Managing Director & CEO – Surojit Shome
Establishment – 1994
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra

Indian Bank Launches Special Fixed Deposit of 555 Days with Returns Up to 7.15%
Indian Bank, a public sector lender, has announced a new Special Retail Term Deposit Product, “IND SHAKTI
555 DAYS,” effective December 19, 2022.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 8

 • The minimum amount for the “IND SHAKTI 555 DAYS” product is Rs. 5000, and it has a 555-day
term with an interest rate of 7.00% for the general public and 7.15% for senior citizens.
The Indian Bank has also revised its interest rates on fixed deposits (FDs) of less than Rs. 2 crore for 555 days
in the form of FDs or Money multiplier deposits (MMDs) with callable options, effective December 19,
2022. Click here for official notification.
Revision of Interest Rates on Retail Domestic Term Deposits with effect from 19-12-2022
Less than Rs. 2 crore
Period Existing (% p.a) Revised (% p.a)
7 days to 14 days 2.8 2.8
15 days to 29 days 2.8 2.8
30 days to 45 days 3 3
46 days to 90 days 3.25 3.25
91 days to 120 days 3.5 3.5
121 days to 180 days 3.85 3.85
181 days to less than 9 months 4.5 4.5
9 months to less than 1 year 4.75 4.75
1 year 6.1 6.1
Above 1 year to less than 2 years 6.3 6.3
2 years to less than 3 years 6.5 6.5
3 years to less than 5 years 6.4 6.25
5 year 6.4 6.25
Above 5 years 6.3 6.1
IND SHAKTI 555 DAYS – RATE OF INTEREST
Public 7.00%
Senior Citizen 7.15%
About Indian Bank:
MD & CEO – Shanti Lal Jain
Establishment – 1907
Headquarters – Chennai, Tamil Nadu

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

Google partners DigiLocker to bring On-Device Storing of Government IDs
On 19th December 2022, during the Google for India 2022 (8th edition) conference, Google announced a
partnership with DigiLocker, a government-authorised identification storage system, to bring local storage of
government-issued IDs on Android devices.
• This partnership was a part of Google’s Artificial Intelligence (AI) offerings.
• Google’s AI offering includes, on-device processing of text and images to identify important
documents and organise them in a locally stored ‘Files’ folder.
Key Points:
i. Over 137 million people are registered users of DigiLocker. More than 2,300 issuers have produced more
than 5.6 billion documents using the programme to date.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 9

ii. In March 2022, DigiLocker’s user base topped 100 million. To retrieve, digitize, and store government-issued
papers, it makes use of an Application Programming Interface (API).
iii. The application was developed by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (Meity).
• DigiLocker will soon be pre-installed on Android devices and is authorised to function as the
equivalent of an official document.
iv. The AI system would be able to locally recognise documents provided by the government, such as Aadhaar
and PAN.
About DigiLocker:
DigiLocker is a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY) under the Digital India programme.
• The digital documents are legally valid documents under the Indian Information Technology Act
2000.
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi
About Google:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- Sundar Pichai
Headquarters- California, United States (US)
Establishment- 1998

Wipro & Finastra partners to target digital transformation business with corporate banks in
the Middle East
Wipro Limited, a leading technology services and consulting company, has signed a multi-year digital
transformation partnership with Finastra, a global provider of financial software applications and
marketplaces, to target digital transformation opportunities with corporate banks in the Middle East.
• The deal will make Wipro the sole go-to-market and implementation partner for Finastra’s regional
trade finance solutions.
• Wipro aims to help banks completely digitise and revolutionise the trade finance process, enabling
automation, optimization, faster time-to-market, and reduced customer service.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

India’s Sargam Koushal crowned as Mrs World 2022
On 18th December 2022, India’s Sargam Koushal was crowned Mrs World 2022 held at the Westgate Las
Vegas Resort & Casino, Nevada, United States of America(USA). She brought the crown back to India, 21 years
after Aditi Govitrikar (Mrs World 2001).
• She was crowned by Shaylyn Ford, Mrs World 2021 from the United States (US)
• Mrs Polynesia was named the 1st runner-up, followed by Mrs Canada as the 2nd runner-up.
Note: Aditi Govitrikar presided as a judge for Mrs India Inc. 2022–2023.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 10

About Sargam Koushal:
i. Sargam Koushal, 32, is an Indian teacher and model based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. She was born on 17th
September 1990 in Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir (J&K).
• Apart from being a model, she is a painter and content writer.
ii. She got married to an Indian Navy Officer in 2018.
iii. She was crowned Mrs India World 2022 on 15th June 2022, by Navdeep Kaur, the National Costume Winner
in Mrs India World 2021 and Mrs World 2022.
About Mrs World Beauty Pageant:
i. Mrs World is the 1st beauty pageant for married women, launched in 1984 as Mrs Woman of the World and
later renamed Mrs World.
ii. Mrs Sri Lanka Rosy Senanayake was the winner of the first Mrs World(Mrs Woman of the World) in 1984.

NMDC wins IEI Industry Excellence Award 2022

On 16th December 2022, NMDC Limited (formerly known as National Mineral Development Corporation),
under the Ministry of Steel, won the coveted Institution of Engineers, India (IEI) Industry Excellence Award
2022 at the 37th Indian Engineering Congress for its outstanding performance and high level of business
excellence in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
• N R K Prasad, Chief General Manager (CGM) of Industrial Engineering & Management Sciences (IE &
MS), accepted the honour on behalf of NMDC from Dr K Ponmudy, Minister of Higher Education for
the Tamil Nadu government.
• The award was given after reviewing the business operations, financial performance, environmental
performance, research and development, Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate
governance policies of a company.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Indian-Origin Leo Varadkar Elected as Ireland’s Prime Minister for 2nd time
Indian origin Leo Varadkar, Irish Deputy Prime Minister (Tánaiste) and leader of the Fine Gael party, has
been elected by the Dáil Éireann as the Prime Minister of Ireland (Taoiseach) for the second time in December
2022.
• Leo Varadkar takes over from Micheal Martin as Taoiseach, while Martin takes on Varadkar’s role as
tánaiste (deputy prime minister).
• Leo Varadkar was appointed as new Prime Minister by Irish President Michael D. Higgins
Background:
i.In June 2020, the Fine Gael party led by Leo Varadkar formed a coalition government with Fianna Fail and
Green Party of Ireland.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 11

ii. According to an agreement between the three parties Martin would lead for the first 2 and-a-half years, and
Varadkar for the rest of an expected five-year administration.
About Leo Varadkar:
i.Leo Varadkar, born and raised in Dublin, is a graduate of Trinity College Dublin and a qualified medical doctor.
ii.He was first elected as Taoiseach in June 2017. At 38, he became Ireland’s youngest Taoiseach as well as its
first openly gay head of government and first of Indian heritage.
iii.He served as a member of Fingal County Council (2003-2007). He was elected to Dáil Éireann for the Dublin
West constituency on his first attempt in 2007 and was re-elected to a fourth term in 2020.
iv.He served as the Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport (2011-2014); Minister for Health (2014-2016)
and Minister for Social Protection (2016-2017)
• He had introduced paid paternity benefit for the first time in Ireland and extended it to new social
insurance benefits and protections to the self-employed and farmers.
Other cabinet members:
There are a total of 15 members in the cabinet and there were few shufflings including,
• The former Irish Prime Minister Micheal Martin is the new deputy prime minister and minister for
foreign affairs and defence.
• The former Minister for Foreign Affairs and Defence Simon Coveney will become the minister for
enterprise, trade and employment.
• Former Finance Minister Paschal Donohoe becomes the minister for public expenditure and reform
while former Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform Michael McGrath becomes the new finance
minister.
About Parliament of Ireland:
i.The Republic of Ireland is a parliamentary representative democracy, with the Legislative power vested in
the Oireachtas and the executive Executive power vested on Taoiseach (Prime Minister), along
with Tánaiste (Deputy Prime Minister).
ii.The Oireachtas consists of the President of Ireland and the two Houses, Dáil Éireann and Seanad Éireann,
with 158 Members at present.
• Seanad Éireann is the Upper House of the Oireachtas and has 60 Senators. The Chair of the Seanad is
called the Cathaoirleach and its deputy is the Leas-Chathaoirleach.
• The Chair of the Dáil Éireann is called the Ceann Comhairle and its deputy is the Leas-Cheann
Comhairle.
About Ireland:
President – Michael Daniel Higgins
Capital – Dublin
Currency – Euro

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 12

MCA Secretary Manoj Govil nominated as SEBI Board Member
Manoj Govil, a 1991 batch IAS officer of the Madhya Pradesh cadre and Secretary of the Ministry of Corporate
Affairs (MCA), has been nominated to the Board of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
• Manoj Govil replaces erstwhile MCA Secretary Rajesh Vermaa, a 1987 batch IAS officer of Odisha
Cadre, on the SEBI Board.
• The SEBI Board comprises 9 members, including the Chairperson Madhabi Puri Buch.
• There are 2 Government nominees (DEA Secretary Ajay Seth and now MCA Secretary Manoj Govil);
1 RBI nominee (Deputy Governor M Rajeshwar Rao); and 4 Wholetime Members (S K Mohanty,
Ananta Barua, Ashwani Bhatia, and Ananth Narayan G).
Note: Rajesh Vermaa was appointed as the Secretary to the President of India Droupadi Murmu in August
2022.

ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

LIC Raises Stake in IRCTC to Over 7%, Buys 1.81 Crore Shares
India’s largest insurer Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC India) has hiked its shareholding in the e-ticket
booking platform Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC).
• According to the most recent report made to the stock markets National Stock Exchange (NSE) and
BSE, LIC has added 1,81,80,323 equity shares of IRCTC, raising its total holdings in the state-owned
firm to 5,82,22,948 shares, up from 4,00,42,625 earlier.
• LIC increased its ownership stake in IRCTC from 5.005% to 7.278% by purchasing approximately
1.8 crore equity shares.
• On 19th December 2022, LIC shares increased 7.7%, ending the session 6.69% higher at Rs 734.6
per share, while IRCTC shares increased 0.69% to Rs 676.8 apiece.
Note: On 15th December 2022, an Investing.com report stated that the government would sell up to 5% of
IRCTC through an offer-for-sale mechanism, with the goal of raising approximately Rs 2,720 crore. The event’s
floor price was fixed at Rs. 680 apiece.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

‘INS Mormugao’: Stealth Guided Missile Destroyer Commissioned into Indian Navy
On December 18, 2022, the Indian Naval Ship (INS) Mormugao (D67), the second of four “Visakhapatnam”-
class destroyers, also known as the “Project 15B” class of stealth guided-missile destroyers, was commissioned
at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai, Maharashtra.

• The Naval Ensign was hoisted onboard for the first time at the commissioning ceremony, which was
held in the presence of Union Minister Rajnath Singh, Ministry of Defence (MOD).
History
INS Mormugao was launched by former Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar (late) on September 17, 2016.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 13

 • It underwent sea trials on December 19, 2021, when Goa commemorated 60 years of independence
from Portuguese rule.
Goa Liberation Day is observed annually on December 19, to commemorate the armed forces operation
known as “Operation Vijay,” which was launched in 1961 in an effort to liberate the state by defeating the
Portuguese.
INS Mormugao: India’s Significant Progress in Warship Building Capabilities
i.The INS Mormugao is named after Mormugao, a historic port city in Goa on the west coast.
ii.It was built by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), a Mumbai-based company, and was
indigenously designed by the Warship Design Bureau, an in-house organisation of the Indian Navy.
• It is an embodiment of India’s growing indigenous defence production capabilities, with over 75%
indigenous components.
• The Indian Navy has thus transitioned from a ” Buyers Navy to a Builders Navy”.
iii.With its multi-dimensional combat capabilities, the warship will be a component of the Indian Navy’s
Western Fleet.
INS Mormugao: Specifications & Weaponry
i.The INS Mormugao is 163 metres long, 17 metres wide, can carry 7,400 tonnes, and has a crew of roughly
300 personnel.
• It is propelled by four powerful gas turbines in a “Combined Gas and Gas” (COGAG) configuration,
capable of exceeding 30 knots (55 km/h) and having a maximum range of 4,000 nautical miles
(7,400 km).
ii.It is fully equipped with advanced, cutting-edge weapons and sensors, including surface-to-surface missiles
(SSM) and surface-to-air missiles (SAM).
• It has armaments including the 70-km Medium-Range Surface-To-Air Missile (MRSAM) system and
the BrahMos Supersonic Cruise Missiles, whose range is being extended from 290 km to 450 km.
• It has a modern surveillance radar that transmits target data to the gunnery weapon systems.
• The ship has improved stealth capabilities, which minimizes its radar cross section.
iii.Its Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) capabilities are provided by indigenously developed rocket launchers,
torpedo launchers, and ASW helicopters.
• It can operate two multi-role helicopters: The Sea King and the Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH)
Dhruv from Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
iv.The ship is equipped with a Total Atmosphere Control System (TACS) to fight under nuclear, biological,
and chemical (NBC) warfare scenarios.
v.All the major weapons and sensors have been developed and manufactured in India, either directly by Indian
Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) or through strategic alliances and the transfer of technology (ToT)
with reputable global OEMs.
Project 15B (P15B)
i.In January 2011, under Project 15B with a total cost of Rs. 35,800 crore, a contract for four guided missile
destroyers, that are more advanced than those of the Kolkata class (Project 15A) was signed.
• In November 2021, the INS Visakhapatnam (Pennant D66), the lead ship of P15B, was commissioned
into the Indian Navy.
ii.The four ships of Project 15B were to be named after four significant cities across the
nation: Visakhapatnam, Mormugao, Imphal, and Surat.
• The four ships of Project 15B were designed by the Warship Design Bureau, Indian Navy’s in-house
warship design body, and built by MDL in Mumbai.
iii.A ship’s “class” refers to a group of vessels with similar tonnage, usage, capabilities, and weaponry.
Project 15A
i.Under “Project 15A,” the Indian Navy has commissioned 3 guided missile destroyers of the Kolkata class—
INS Kolkata, INS Kochi, and INS Chennai—over the last decade.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 14

 • These ships were a stride forward of their predecessors, the Delhi class of ships—INS Delhi, INS
Mysore, and INS Mumbai.
ii.These ships were all built by MDL, one of India’s most significant Defence Public Sector Undertakings
(DPSUs).
Significance, Vision & Aim
i.Given the continually changing power dynamics in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), INS Mormugao’s all-domain
capability will enhance the Indian Navy’s mobility, reach, and flexibility to perform any mission or task.
ii.It depicts India’s rising ability to be a First Responder and Preferred Security Partner in the IOR.
Note: The Indian economy is one of the top 5 in the world, and experts predict that it will be one of the top 3 in
2027.
Recent Related News:
In September 2022, Prime Minister (PM) of India Narendra Modi commissioned India’s first indigenous aircraft
carrier INS Vikrant at Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) in Kochi, Kerala.
He also unveiled the new Naval Ensign “Nishaan” showcasing Indian maritime heritage. He dedicated the new
ensign to Chhatrapati Shivaji.
About Goa:
Chief Minister (CM) – Dr Pramod Sawant
Governor – PS Sreedharan Pillai
Zoological Park – Bondla Zoological Park
Airport – Goa International Airport; Mormagao Port

ENVIRONMENT
Dharti Agro launched World’s 1st GMS based Cowpea (Lobia) Hybrids
Dharti Agro Chemicals Private Limited launches the world’s 1st Genetic Male Sterility (GMS) based Cowpea
(Lobia) Hybrids in the market and released 3 hybrids in cowpea: Bubbly, Sherly and Poorvaja.
Hybrids of Cowpea:
i. Future food insecurity will be further worsened by factors such as a rising human population, changing
climates, the loss of arable land, decreasing production, and post-harvest losses.
ii. With the introduction of genetic male sterility by mutation breeding in Cowpeas and a highly effective cross-
pollination mechanism, Dr Manoj S. Phalak laid the groundwork for hybrids in the crop.
iii. When compared to the traditional types, hybrids have performed very well in farmer’s fields, providing up
to 100% heterosis during the regular Kharif season and up to 200 to 250% heterosis during the off-season.
iv. The hybrid cowpea could be the trend of the future, ensuring food security in Asian and African countries
where the consumption of such legumes is significant.
Key points:
i. Cowpea is easily affordable and offers a rich source of protein and micronutrients in accordance with the
shifting dietary tastes of society.
ii. As a leguminous crop, Cowpea fixes atmospheric nitrogen, participates in carbon sequestration, and
improves soil, which lowers agriculture’s contribution to crop protection product volumes while enhancing and
sustaining soil health.

SPORTS
Highlights of 22nd FIFA Men’s World Cup 2022 held in Qatar
The 22nd FIFA Men’s World Cup 2022 was held from November 20, 2022 – December 18, 2022 in Qatar. It was
the first World Cup held in the Middle Eastern country and the second held entirely in Asia after the 2002

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 15

tournament jointly hosted by South Korea and Japan. This was also the first World Cup in the northern
hemisphere that was not held during summer.

• The Qatar 2022 World Cup also introduced new rules and new technology including the ‘Semi-
automated offside technology’ to detect whether the ball has crossed the goal line.
• Held quadrennially, it saw the participation of 32 nations.
Organizers:
It was organized by the International Association Football Federation (Federation Internationale de
Football Association – FIFA).
• It was also the most expensive World Cup. It costs reportedly around USD 220 billion, the biggest
amount splurged by any of the organizers for the FIFA World Cup.
Prize Money:
USD 440 million, USD 40 million greater than the prize pool of the previous tournament.
The Winners:
i.Argentina grabbed the top spot. It was its 3rd title.
ii.The runner-up was France while the 3rd and 4th place was secured by Croatia, and Morocco respectively.
iii.French player Kylian Mbappe became the first player to score a hat-trick in a World Cup final since Geoff
Hurst in the 1966 final and won the Golden Boot as he scored the most goals (eight) during the tournament.
iv.Argentina’s Captain, and Seven-time Ballon d’Or winner Lionel Messi was named as tournament’s best
player, winning the Golden Ball.
• Lionel Messi has became the first man in history to win the adidas Golden Ball twice at the FIFA World
Cup.
v.Argentina’s Emiliano Martinez won the Golden Glove, awarded to the tournament’s best goalkeeper.
Venues
It was hosted at the following 8 stadiums:
Stadium City
Lusail Stadium Lusail
Al Bayt Stadium Al Khor
Khalifa International Stadium Al Khor
Ahmed bin Ali Stadium Al Rayyan
Education City Stadium Al Rayyan
Al Thumama Stadium Doha
Stadium 974 Doha
Al Janoub Stadium Al Wakrah
Emblem FIFA 2022:
It was designed by Lisbon-based Brandia Central branding agency.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 16

i.Its design resembles the traditional wollen shawl that men and women wear across the Arab region,
especially during the winter months. The shawl’s popularity is used as a symbol of a unifying force.
ii.It is shaped in a figure-eight, which represents the number of stadiums that are being built to host the event.
Slogan FIFA 2022:
Now is All
Mascot FIFA 2022:
La’eeb was the Official Mascot of FIFA 2022 that encourages everyone to believe in themselves as ‘Now is All’.
La’eeb is an Arabic word meaning super-skilled player.
Match Ball FIFA 2022:
The official match ball was ‘Al Rihla‘ which means ‘The journey’ in Arabic. It was designed with sustainability
by Adidas as a priority, making it the first ever official match ball created with water-based glues and inks.
Winners of FIFA World Cup 2022 Awards:
Category Winner Country
Golden Ball Lionel Messi Argentina
Silver Ball Kylian Mbappé France
Bronze Ball Luka Modrić Croatia
Golden Boot Kylian Mbappé(8 Goals) France
Silver Boot Lionel Messi(7 Goals) Argentina
Bronze Boot Olivier Giroud France
Golden Glove Emiliano Martínez Argentina
FIFA Young Player Award Enzo Fernández Argentina
FIFA Fair Play Trophy England –
Key Points:
i.Morocco became the first African country to reach the World Cup semifinals by beating Portugal 1-0.
ii.Lionel Messi became the first player to score a goal in all knockout stages of the FIFA World Cup. He also
became the highest goal scorer of Argentina.
iii.Spain’s Sergio Busquets announces his retires from international football at the age of 34.
iv.Belgium captain Eden Hazard announced his retirement from international football at the age of 31.
v.Cameroon made history by becoming the first African country to beat Brazil at the World Cup.
vi.Vinay Menon, an Indian was the Wellness Coach of the Belgian National Team during the World Cup. He was
responsible for various aspects like the physical and mental wellbeing of the team’s players during the FIFA
World Cup.
• He previously worked with Chelsea Football Club, one of the top clubs in England.
Deepika Padukone unveils the FIFA World Cup trophy
The FIFA World Cup Trophy 2022 i.e. the ‘Jules Rimet Trophy’ arrived at the Lusail Stadium in a Louis Vuitton
case and was unveiled by the Bollywood Actress Deepika Padukone, the brand ambassador of Louis Vuitton,
along with former Spanish goalkeeper Iker Casillas.
With this, she became the first Indian, and the first global actor to unveil the trophy.
• Notably in May 2022, she became the first Indian to represent India as a jury at the Cannes Film
Festival.
• She is also the first Indian brand ambassador of Louis Vuitton, the French high-end luxury brand.
Note: Louis Vuitton has specially designed trunks for the 2010, 2014, 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups.
FIFA World Cup 2026:
The next FIFA World Cup will be held in 2026. It will be the first edition to feature 48 teams and to be held
across three countries: Canada, Mexico and the United States (US).

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 17

About Qatar:
Capital- Doha
Currency– Qatari Riyal

Indian Women’s Hockey Team Wins FIH Hockey Women’s Nations Cup Spain 2022
The Indian women’s hockey team won the inaugural Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH) Hockey
Women’s Nations Cup 2022 by defeating Spain in the final (1-0) held in Valencia, Spain.

• The FIH Hockey Women’s Nations Cup 2022 was held from 11th to 17th December 2022 in Valencia,
Spain.
• Spain is in the second position followed by Japan and Ireland in third and fourth position.
• India and Spain had played in the FIH women’s Hockey Pro League 2021-22 season as replacement
teams after pull-outs by Australia and New Zealand due to COVID-19 related issues.
FIH Hockey Women’s Nations Cup 2022 Medal Winners
Gold India
Silver Spain
Bronze Japan
Key highlights:
i.By virtue of winning the FIH Women’s Nations Cup 2022, India has been promoted to the 2023-24 FIH
Hockey Women’s Pro League, which is to be held in 2023 ahead of Asian Games and 2024 Paris Olympics.
ii.Commonwealth Games bronze medalists Gurjit Kaur scored the winning goal of the match in the first quarter
and Neha Goyal became the player of the match.
iii.Hockey India have also announced Rs 2 lakh to each player and Rs 1 lakh to each support staff of the Indian
women’s hockey team that won the FIH Women’s Nations Cup 2022.
Awardees of FIH Hockey Women’s Nations Cup 2022:
Category Winner
Best Player Lucia Jimenez Vicente (Spain)
Best Junior Player Sarah Mcauley (Ireland)
Best Goalkeeper Savita Punia (India)
Hero Top Scorer Kathryn Mullan (Ireland)
About FIH Women’s Nations Cup 2022:
The 2022 Women’s FIH Hockey Nations Cup was the first edition of the Women’s FIH Hockey Nations Cup,
organised by the International Hockey Federation. This is the annual qualification tournament for the Women’s
FIH Pro League.
• A total of 8 teams participated in the FIH Hockey Women’s Nations Cup Spain 2022.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 18

Recent related news:
The Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), conferred India’s Mumtaz Khan (Lucknow), with the FIH
Rising Star of the Year 2021-22 award in the women’s category by scoring 8 goals in 6 matches. Timothee
Clement of France was conferred with Rising Star of the Year 2021-22 award in men’s category.
About Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH):
President –Mohammad Tayyab Ikram
Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland

IMPORTANT DAYS
International Migrants Day 2022 -December 18
United Nations(UN)’s International Migrants Day is annually observed across the globe on 18th
December to create awareness about the important contribution of migrants while highlighting the challenges
they face.

Significance:
On the occasion of International Migrants Day, The UN Migration agency – International Organization for
Migration(IOM) reaffirms its commitment to promoting a humane and orderly management of migration for
the benefit of all, including the communities of origin, transit, and destination.
Background:
The United Nations General Assembly(UNGA) adopted the resolution A/RES/55/93 on 4th
December 2000 and proclaimed the 18th December of every year as International Migrants Day.
Why December 18?
The day(18th December) marks the day on which the UNGA adopted the International Convention on the
Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families in 1990.
Migrant:
i.According to IOM, a Migrant is defined as a person who is moving or has moved across an international border
or within a state away from their habitual place of residence, regardless of
• the person’s legal status
• whether the movement is voluntary or involuntary
• what the causes for the movement are
• what the length of the stay is.
ii.Migrants and displaced people represent the most vulnerable and marginalized groups in society.
Key Points:
i.In 2020 over 281 million people were international migrants which equates to 3.6 per cent of the global
population and over 59 million people were internally displaced by the end of 2021.
ii.Around 1 in every 8th person in the world is a migrant or is moving likely due to growing conflicts,
persecution, environmental degradation and climate change.
Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM):
i.GCM offers an opportunity and guidance to actualize human mobility and seize the opportunities it presents.
Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 19
ii.GCM is an effective tool for States to discuss how best to address challenges to human mobility without
compromising the human rights of people and states’ sovereignty.
UN & Migrants:
UNGA hosted a high-level summit in September 2016, to address large movements of refugees and migrants,
with the aim of uniting the nations for a more humane and coordinated approach.
This was the first time the UNGA has called for a summit at the Heads of State and Government level on large
movements of refugees and migrants.
Reports on Migrants & Migration:
IOM’s World Migration Report 2022:
World Migration Report 2022 is the 11th in the world migration report series which presents key data and
information on migration as well as thematic chapters on highly topical migration issues.
• The World Migration Report is a flagship report of IOM which is published every 2 years.
Key Points:
i.With nearly 18 million people living abroad, India has the largest emigrant population in the world, making it
the top origin country globally.
• Mexico(around 11 million) is the 2nd most significant origin country followed by Russian
Federation(10.8 million) and China(10 million)
• In 2020, India, China, Mexico, the Philippines and Egypt were (in descending order) the top five
remittance recipient countries.
ii.The total inward remittances of India and China were exceeding USD 83 billion and USD 59 billion,
respectively.
iii.United States of America(USA) has been the top remittance-sending country, with a total outflow of USD 68
billion in 2020, followed by the United Arab Emirates(UAE) (USD 43.2 billion), Saudi Arabia (USD 34.6 billion),
Switzerland (USD 27.96 billion), and Germany (USD 22 billion).
WHO’s World report on the health of refugees and migrants:
In July 2022, World Health Organization (WHO) launched the “World report on the health of refugees and
migrants”, a first-of-its-kind report to offer a global review of refugee and migrant health.
The report presents the global evidence available on the health challenges faced by refugees and migrants
along their journeys and in the host country.
About International Organization for Migration(IOM):
IOM was first established as the Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the Movement of Migrants from
Europe (PICMME) in 1951 and was renamed as International Organization for Migration(IOM) in 1980(after a
series of name change).
Director General– António Vitorino
Headquarters– Geneva, Switzerland

UN Arabic Language Day 2022 – December 18

United Nations (UN)’s Arabic Language Day also known as World Arabic Language Day (WALD) is annually
observed across the globe on December 18 to honour the language and the cultural diversity of the Middle
Eastern region.
• The day highlights Arabic’s legacy and immense contribution to humanity.
The theme of Arabic Language Day 2022 is “The Contribution of the Arabic Language to Human Civilization
and Culture”.
Background:
i. Arabic Language Day was established by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO) (190 EX/48) in 2010 to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity, and to promote equal use of
all six of its official working languages throughout the organisation.
ii. The 1st Arabic Language Day was observed on 18th December 2012.

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 20

iii. On 19th February 2010, the United Nations Department of Public Information observed the World Day of
the 6 official languages under the reference number OBV/853 (PI/1926).
• It is observed before the annual celebration of International Mother Language Day, which is
observed on February 21.
Why December 18?
On December 18, 1973, the UN General Assembly(UNGA) officially recognised and adopted resolution 3190
(XXVIII) to include Arabic as one official and the working language of the General Assembly and its Main
Committees.
Note: The Department of Public Information chose the dates for the Language Days based on their symbolic or
historical value concerning each language.
Event 2022:
i. On December 16, 2022, a roundtable discussion was conducted at the UNESCO headquarters in Paris to
explore Arabic’s significant contributions to the cultural and linguistic diversity of humanity and knowledge
creation.
ii. The celebration is organized in association with the Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Foundation and the
Permanent Delegation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to UNESCO.
Arabic Language:
i. Arabic has 1st emerged in the northwest of the Arabian Peninsula and is a member of the Semitic family of
languages which also includes Hebrew and Aramaic.
ii. The Arabic Language is spoken in North Africa, most of the Arabian Peninsula, and other parts of the Middle
East. It is the official language of 22 different Countries.
iii. More than 7000 words in the English language are either Arabic or have Arabic roots, including words like
cotton, coffee, saffron, tuna, and giraffe.
iv. According to Babbel Magazine, it is the 5th most widely spoken language in the world (315 Million Native
Speakers).
v. The 3 categories of Arabic styles: Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic and other local styles (Amya or
Darja).
vi. Features of Arabic script:
• Words are written from right to left
• Numbers written left to right
• There are no capital letters
• Each letter in the Arabic alphabet can have four different forms depending on its position in a word
– independent, initial, medial and final forms
• Letters are always joined in Arabic writing, except in rare cases
vii. A pillar of humanity’s cultural variety is the Arabic language. With more than 400 million users every day, it
is one of the most commonly spoken languages in the world.
UN Languages Days:
Arabic (18 December); Chinese (12 November); English (23 April); French (20 March); Russian (6 June); and
Spanish (12 October).

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 21

About the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO):
Director-General- Audrey Azoulay
Headquarters- Paris, France
Establishment- 1945 (came into force in 1946)
Members- 193 Members & 11 Associate Members.

Minority Rights Day 2022 – 18th December

Minority Rights Day, also known as Minorities Day, is annually observed across India on 18th December to
create awareness about the Constitutionally-assured rights of religious minorities

• The observance of the day aims to uphold the right to freedom and equal opportunities for the
minorities in India and creates awareness about their rights.
Why December 18?
The day marks the day on which the United Nations (UN) adopted and broadcast the Statement on the
individual’s Rights belonging to Religious or Linguistic National or Ethnic Minorities in 1992.
Celebration of Minorities Day 2022:
The celebration of the Minority Rights Day or Minorities Day 2022 was held on 16th December 2022 at
National Commission for Minorities.
Key People:
John Barla, Minister of State for the Ministry of Minority Affairs, graced the event as chief guest and Justice NK
Jain, Chairman of the National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions graced the event as Guest of
Honour.
The event was presided over by Iqbal Singh Lalpura, Chairman of the National Commission for Minorities
Key Points:
i.The National Commission for Minorities invited various intellectuals from the six minority communities
namely – Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Buddhists, Jain and Zoroastrians.
ii.The representatives of each community shared the difficulties faced by the minorities of India, expectations
of the minorities from the State, and recommendations for improvements in the schemes and programmes for
the minorities.
iii.During the event, the commission reiterated its mandate to work towards the maintenance of peace and
communal harmony in the society irrespective of religious, linguistic and other differences and to maintain the
dignity of the minority communities in India by safeguarding their rights.
iv.Other minority issues like Anand Marriage Act and Prime Minister’s 15-Point Programme were discussed
during the event.
National Commission for Minorities (NCM):
i.National Commission for Minorities (NCM) was established by the Government of India(GoI) under the
National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992.
ii.Initially, GoI notified 5 religious communities, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists and Zoroastrians (Parsis)
as minority communities. As of January 2014, Jains were notified as another minority community.
iii.The functions of the NCM include,

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 22

 • Evaluation of the progress of the development of minorities under the Union and States.
• Monitoring of the working of the safeguards for minorities provided in the Constitution and laws.
• Making recommendations for the effective implementation of safeguards for the protection of the
interests of minorities.
• Looking into specific complaints regarding deprivation of rights and safeguards of minorities and
taking up such matters with the appropriate authorities.
• Suggesting appropriate measures in respect of any minority to be undertaken by the central or state
government.
About National Commission for Minorities (NCM):
Chairperson– Iqbal Singh Lalpura
Vice-Chairperson– Kersi Kaikhushroo Deboo
Members: Syed Shahezadi; Ms Rinchen Lhamo; Shri Dhanyakumar Jinappa Gunde
Ministry of Minority Affairs:
Union Minister– Smriti Zubin Irani(Constituency- Amethi, Uttar Pradesh)
Minister of State– John Barla(Constituency- Alipurduars, West Bengal)

❖ List of Current Governors in India – AUGUST 2022

❖ List of Current Chief Ministers in India – August 2022
❖ List of Less Important News – Click Here
❖ Click Here View – AC Excluded News
❖ Affairscloud’s Self Analysis for General Awareness Section

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 23

Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 24
Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 25
Report Errors in the PDF - ebooks@affairscloud.com Copyright 2014-2022 @ AffairsCloud.com 26