PHP

Download progam
1 - Download xampp
2 – start Apache
3 – go to path ‘ C/xampp/htdocs’
4 – create folder ex (test)
5 – create file ex (test.php)
6 – open browser
7 – go to ‘ localhost/test/test.php
 outline
• Data Types & variables .
• constants .
• echo .
• operators .
• if and else .
• switch .
• loops .
• functions .
• Arrays .
• super global .
• File read/write.
• File Download.
• File Upload.
• Include and Required.
• Sessions.
• Cookies.
• Filters.
• Exception Handling.
• Form Handling and Validation.
• Class / object.
• Constructor.
• Constant.
• Access modifier .
• Inheritance.
• Abstraction.
• Interface.
• Overloading.
• Final .
• Static .
• connect Data Base .
 Data Types & Variables

Data Types Variables

• String • $string = “hollow world" ;
• Integer • $integer = 20 ;
• Float • $float = 1.5 ;
• Boolean • $checkBool = true ;
• Array • $numbers = [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]
• Object • $object=new object () ;
• NULL • $empty = NULL ;
 Constants
define(name, value, case-insensitive)
• Example :
1 - define(CONSTANT, 15 , true)
Can use constant or CONSTANT
2 – define(CONSTANT , 15 , false)
Can use CONSTANT only
• Case-insensitive meaning :
• true : No care name in uppercase or lowercase
• false : Name must be same to Name
 echo
• echo "<H1>Welcome</H1>" ;
• echo "Hollow world" ;
• echo 20 ;
• echo true ;
• echo $myName ;
• echo “hollow” , “ “ , “world”;
 Operators
• Arithmetic operators
( + , - , * , / , % , ** )
• Assignment operators
( = , += , -= , *= , /= , %= )
• Comparison operators
( == , != , <> , === , !== , < , > , <= , >= )
• Increment / Decrement operators
( ++$var , $var++ , --$var , $var-- )
• Logical operators
( and , && , or ,|| , ! )
• String operators
( . , .=)
 Arithmetic
• 15 + 10 = 25
• 15 – 10 = 5
• 3 * 2 =6
• 10 / 5 = 2
• 10 % 3 = 1
• 3 ** 2 = 9
 Assignment

• $var = 5
• $var += 5 $var = $var + 5 $var
= 10
• $var -= 5 $var = $var - 5 $var
= 0
• $var *= 5 $var = $var * 5 $var
= 25
• $var /= 5 $var = $var / 5 $var
= 1
 Comparison
5 == 5 5===“5”
true false
5 ==“5“ 5 >= 10
true false
5 != 10 10 > 5
true true
5 <> 5 “ali” < “moahmed”
false true
 Inc and Dec
• $var = 5 ;
echo $var++ ;
echo $var ;
• $var = 8 ;
echo ++$var;
echo $var;
• $var =10 ;
echo $var --;
 Logical
• and | &&
all conditions true
• or | ||
at least one true
• !
! (true)  false
! (false)  true
 String
• .  concatenation
$string= “ali” . “ “ .”moahmed” ;
“ali mohamed”
• .=
$string= “hollow”;
$string .= “ ll “;
$string .=“world”;
or
$string .=“ ll “ . “world”;
“hollow ll world”
Let’s Try
 if..else
if ($grade < 50){
echo "F" ;
} elseif ($grade <60){
echo "D" ;
} elseif ($grade <70){
echo "C" ;
} elseif ($grade <80){
echo "B" ;
} else {
echo "A" ;
}
 if..else (cont.)
if ($grade < 70){
echo "C" ;
} elseif ($grade <60){
echo "D" ;
} elseif ($grade <50){
echo “D" ;
} elseif ($grade <80){
echo "B" ;
} else {
echo "A" ;
}
 switch
switch ($character){
case "A" :
echo "The Character is A ";
break;
case "B" :
echo "The Character is B ";
break;
case "C" :
echo "The Character is C ";
break;
default :
echo "The Character is unknown " ;
break;
}
 Loops
• for loop :
for(Initialize ; Condition ; Increment )
{
code ;
}
• Example :
for ($i=0 ; $i<10 ; $i++)
{
echo $i ;
}
 Loops(Cont.)
• while loop :
Initialize;
while(Condition)
{
code ;
Increment;
}
 Functions
• Function without arguments :
function functionName(){
code ;
}
Example
function printMessage ()
{
echo “message”;
}
 Functions(Cont.)
• Function with arguments :
function functionName($arg1 , $arg2){
code ;
}
Example
function factorial($number)
{
$result=1;
for ( $i =1 ; $i <=$number ; $i++)
{
$result *= $i;
}
return $result ;
}
 Arrays
• Indexed Arrays :
$arrayName = array(val1 ,val2 ,val3);
Or
$arrayName = [val1 ,val2 ,val3];
0 1 2
$arrayName [ index ];
Arrays(Cont.)
 Arrays(Cont.)
• Associative Arrays :
$arrayName = array(key1 => val1,key2 => val2,key3 => val3);
foreach
 superglopals
• $GLOBALS
$x = 75;
$y = 25;

function addGlobals() {
$GLOBALS['z'] = $GLOBALS['x'] + $GLOBALS['y'];
}

addition();
echo $z;
 Superglopals (cont.)
• $_SERVER
$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']
$_SERVER['GATEWAY_INTERFACE']
$_SERVER['SERVER_ADDR']
$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']
$_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE']
$_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']
$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']
$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME']
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT']
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET']
$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']
$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']
Returns the filename of the currently executing script
Returns the version of the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) the
server is using
Returns the IP address of the host server
Returns the name of the host server (such as www.w3schools.com)
Returns the server identification string (such as Apache/2.2.24)
Returns the name and revision of the information protocol (such as
HTTP/1.1)
Returns the request method used to access the page (such as POST)
Returns the timestamp of the start of the request (such as
1377687496)
Returns the query string if the page is accessed via a query string
Returns the Accept header from the current request
Returns the Accept_Charset header from the current request (such as
utf-8,ISO-8859-1)
Returns the Host header from the current request
Returns the complete URL of the current page (not reliable because
not all user-agents support it)
 Superglopals (cont.)
$_SERVER['HTTPS']
$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
$_SERVER['REMOTE_HOST']
$_SERVER['REMOTE_PORT']
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME']
$_SERVER['SERVER_ADMIN']
$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT']
$_SERVER['SERVER_SIGNATURE']
$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED']
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_URI']
Is the script queried through a secure HTTP protocol
Returns the IP address from where the user is viewing the
current page
Returns the Host name from where the user is viewing the
current page
Returns the port being used on the user's machine to
communicate with the web server
Returns the absolute pathname of the currently executing script
Returns the value given to the SERVER_ADMIN directive in the
web server configuration file (if your script runs on a virtual host,
it will be the value defined for that virtual host) (such as
someone@w3schools.com)
Returns the port on the server machine being used by the web
server for communication (such as 80)
Returns the server version and virtual host name which are
added to server-generated pages
Returns the file system based path to the current script
Returns the path of the current script
Returns the URI of the current page
 Superglopals (cont.)
• $_REQUEST
PHP $_REQUEST is used to collect data after submitting an HTML
form.
 Superglopals (cont.)
• $_POST
PHP $_POST is widely used to collect form data after submitting an
HTML form with method="post“
 Superglopals (cont.)
• $_GET
PHP $_GET can also be used to collect form data after submitting an
HTML form with method="get“
 File open/close
fopen (file path , mode)
fclose(Resource) call after read and write
Modes Description
r Open a file for read only. File pointer starts at the beginning of the file
w Open a file for write only. Erases the contents of the file or creates a new file if it doesn't exist.
File pointer starts at the beginning of the file
a Open a file for write only. The existing data in file is preserved. File pointer starts at the end of
the file. Creates a new file if the file doesn't exist
x Creates a new file for write only. Returns FALSE and an error if file already exists
r+ Open a file for read/write. File pointer starts at the beginning of the file
w+ Open a file for read/write. Erases the contents of the file or creates a new file if it doesn't
exist. File pointer starts at the beginning of the file
a+ Open a file for read/write. The existing data in file is preserved. File pointer starts at the end of
the file. Creates a new file if the file doesn't exist
x+ Creates a new file for read/write. Returns FALSE and an error if file already exists
 File read
• fread(Resource , number of bytes).

• fgets (Resource) read single line.

• feof(Resource) return true if end of file has been

reached.
 File write
• fwrite(Resource ,string).
 File Download
• File_exists(filepath)
Check file exist or not.
• Mime_content_type(filepath)
Return type of file.
• Basename(filepath)
Return file name
Example :
File path is C/XAMPP/file.txt
Return file.txt
• Isset(var)
Check var exist or not.
 File Download (cont.)
•
 File Upload
•
 Include and required
• include (file name) ;
• require (file name);
takes all the text/code/markup that exists in the specified
file and copies it into the file that uses the include
statement.
Include when a file is included with
the include statement and PHP cannot find it, the script
will continue to execute (warning) but Require
Product fatal error and stop the script.
• Include_once (file name) ;
• Require_once (file name);
Include file Once
 Include and required (cont.)
In temp file (temp.php) output

In basis file (basis.php)

 Include and required (cont.)
In temp file (temp.php) output

In basis file (basis.php)

 Session
A session is a way to store information (in variables) to be used
across multiple pages.
session_start()
Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION.
In file (Basis.php) in file
(temp.php)

Note: The session_start() function must be the very first thing

in your document. Before any HTML tags.
 Session (cont.)
To remove all global session variables and destroy the
session, use session_unset() and session_destroy():
• session_unset() : remove all session variables
• session_destroy(): destroy the session
 Cookies
A cookies is used to identify a user .
• To set cookies use function setcookie()
setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain, secure, httponly);
• To set cookies :

• To remove cookies :
 Filters
• Filter id from 257 to 275 return Boolean.
• Filter id from 513 to 521 return value.

Result is not valid .

Result is 155 .
 Exception handling
Try and Catch
Used to change the normal flow of the code execution
if a specified error condition occurs .
 Form handling
trim — Strip whitespace (or other characters) from the
beginning and end of a string
Form handling
Form handling
 class and object
class className
{
attributes .

functions .
}
class Foo
{
public $id = 15 ;
public $name = ‘Ayman‘ ;

function aMemberFunc()
{
print ‘my name is ‘ . $this -> name ;
}
}
$foo = new Foo();
$foo -> amemberFunc(); // prints my name is Ayman
 constructor
class Foo
{
public $id ;
public $name ;

function __construct() // magic function

{
$this -> name = ‘Ayman’ ;
$this -> id = 15 ;
}
}
$foo = new Foo();
 constant
class Myclass
{
const CONSTANT ;

function showConstant()
{
echo self::CONSTANT ;
}
}

$ob = new Myclass();

echo $ob -> showConstant() ;
or
echo Myclass :: CONSTANT ;
 access modifier
• members declared public can be
accessed everywhere .
• Members declared protected can be
accessed only within the class itself and
by inheriting and parent classes.
• Members declared as private may only
be accessed by the class that defines
the member.
 access modifier (cont.)
class MyClass
{
public $public = 'Public';
protected $protected = 'Protected';
private $private = 'Private';

function printHello()
{
echo $this->public;
echo $this->protected;
echo $this->private;
}
}

$obj = new MyClass();

echo $obj->public; // Works
echo $obj->protected; // Fatal Error
echo $obj->private; // Fatal Error
$obj->printHello(); // Shows Public, Protected and Private
 access modifier and
inheritance (cont.)
class MyClass2 extends Myclass
{

function printHello()
{
echo $this->public;
echo $this->protected;
echo $this->private;
}
}

$obj = new MyClass();

echo $obj->public; // Works
echo $obj->protected; // Fatal Error
echo $obj->private; // Undefined
$obj->printHello(); // Shows Public, Protected and Undefined
 Abstraction
Classes defined as abstract may not be instantiated
abstract class AbstractClass
{
// Force Extending class to define this method
abstract protected function getValue();
abstract protected function prefixValue($prefix);

// Common method
public function printOut() {
print $this->getValue() . "\n";
}
}

class ConcreteClass1 extends AbstractClass

{
protected function getValue() {
return "ConcreteClass1";
}

public function prefixValue($prefix) {

return "{$prefix}ConcreteClass1";
}
}
 interface
// Declare the interface 'iTemplate'
interface iTemplate
{
public function setVariable($name, $var);
public function getHtml($template);
}
class Template implements iTemplate
{
private $vars = array();

public function setVariable ( $name, $var)

{
$this->vars[$name] = $var;
}

public function getHtml($template)

{
foreach($this->vars as $name => $value) {
$template = str_replace( '{' . $name . '}‘ , $value, $template);
}

return $template;
}
}
 overloading
__call is triggered when invoking inaccessible methods in an object context.
__callStatic() is triggered when invoking inaccessible methods in a static context.
class MethodTest{
public function __call($name, $arguments){
if ($name== "sum“ ){
if (count($arguments)==2){
return $arguments[0]+$arguments[1];
}
else {
return $arguments[0]+$arguments[1]+$arguments[2];
}
}}
public function send() {
echo "string";
}}
$ob = new MethodTest();
echo $ob->sum(1,2,3);
echo $ob->sum(1,2);
$ob->send();
 Final
Note for Java developers: the 'final' keyword is not used for class constants in PHP.
We use the keyword 'const'.

//Final methods example

class BaseClass {
public function test() {
echo "BaseClass::test() called\n";
}

final public function moreTesting() {

echo "BaseClass::moreTesting() called\n";
}
}

class ChildClass extends BaseClass {

public function moreTesting() {
echo "ChildClass::moreTesting() called\n";
}
}
// Results in Fatal error: Cannot override final method BaseClass::moreTesting()
 Final (cont.)
//Final class example
class BaseClass {
public function test() {
echo "BaseClass::test() called\n";
}

final public function moreTesting() {

echo "BaseClass::moreTesting() called\n";
}
}

class ChildClass extends BaseClass {

}
// Results in Fatal error: Class ChildClass may not inherit from final class (BaseClass)
 Static
class A {
protected static $a;

public static function init($value) { self:: $a = $value; }

public static function getA() { return self:: $a; }
}

class B extends A {
protected static $a; // redefine $a for own use

// inherit the init() method

public static function getA() { return self:: $a; }
}

B::init('lala');
echo 'A::$a = '. A::getA() .'; B::$a = '.B::getA();

This will output:

A::$a = lala; B::$a =
 Connect MYSQLi
If don’t have Data Base .
 Connect MYSQLi (cont.)
If have Data Base .
 Create DB MYSQLi
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
 Create Table MYSQLi
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
 Insert Data MYSQLi
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
 Insert Data MYSQLi (cont.)
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
Get id inserted .
 Select Data MYSQLi
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
 Update Data MYSQLi
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
Prepared Statements MYSQLi
• bind_param : Binds variables to a prepared statement as
parameters .
• prepare : Prepare an SQL statement for execution .
Prepared Statements MYSQLi
(cont.)
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
Prepared Statements MYSQLi
(cont.)
I have object of mysqli called $conn .
THANKS