Recognizing Parts of Speech In our language, there are eight kinds of words called parts of speech: verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. We will study these fone at a time in separate units. In order to do well in English, you must know the eight parts of speech. Determine now to master these basic tools of your language. The first step in mastering the parts of speech is to memorize their definitions. The defini- tions are listed below. Memorize these now and review them often throughout the year. or merely indicates existence. ‘A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. A pronoun is a word that fakes the place of a noun. An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun. \t answers the questions what kind, which one, how many, how much, or whose. An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. It answers the questions where, when, how, how often, to what extent. A preposition is a word that shows how a noun or a pronoun is related to some other word in the sentence. Refer to p. 187 for a list of prepositions. A conjunction is a word that joins words or groups of words. Refer to p. 194 for alist of conjunctions. An interjection is an exclamatory word that is not related to the other words in a sentence. 3 pro. for pronoun, adj. for adjective, adv. for adverb, prep. for preposition, conj. for Identify the parts of speech of the italicized words. Write v. for verb, n. for noun, conjunction, inter). for interjection, // \ Averb isa word that shows action, links a word to the subject, helps another verb, 2 3 4 5 6 ae 8 Peter had a birthday—his tenth, Among his other presents was a model engine more perfect than you could ever have dreamed of. The other presents wer fll of charm, but the Engine was fuller of charm than any of the others were. Its charm lasted in its full perfection for exactly three days. Then, owing either to Peter's inexperience or Phyliss good intentions, or to some other cause, the Engine suaeny went off with a bang. Boom! James, the dog was so rightened 16 that hé went out arid did nat come back all day. All the wooden people wlio were in the dr were Da broken to bits, but nothing else was hurt except the poor little engine and the feelings of Peter. 1% ‘The others said he cried over it—-but of course boys of ten do not cry, no matter the terrible 19 20 tragedies which may darken their lot. He said that his eyes were red because he had a cold. adapted from The Railway Children by Edith Nesbit 1 5s 9. 13. V7. 2, 6. 10. 4. 18. 3. % Ll. 15. 19. 4. 8. 12, 16. 20. (©2017 Pensacola Christian College, Inc. Not tobe reproduced. unir4 + 45