CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO REVIT SOFTWARE

The Revit Architecture software will give the plan view, 3d model with exllent
elevation, detailing diagrams, schedules for each structural elements, and with V-ray
rendering software we can have realistic view with high efficiency, Building
information modeling (BIM) gives the information about project design, its different
views, scope, quantities, and phases when you need it. In the Revit model, every
project we did will give the 2d , 3d, section views, elevations with detailing and
schedules, quantities also it will provide us. Revit Architecture collects information
about each structural elements material its visualization realistic in nature and its
design such as thickness height and in schedule it will give no of data such as cost
type of family, no. of brick, no of doors, no. of windows etc across0all other
representations of the project. In revit we can have these all 2D, 3D, nd sectional
views, elevations and detailing drawing etc. in one cpmplete sheet.

Use Revit® BIM (Building Information Modelling) software to

drive efficiency and accuracy across the project lifecycle, from conceptual design,
visualisation and analysis to fabrication and construction.

• Begin modelling in 3D with accuracy and precision.

• Automatically update floor plans

• elevations and sections as your mode

• Let Revit handle routine and repetitive tasks with automation so you can focus on
higher-value work.

1.2. DEFINITION OF BIM:

The US National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee has the
following

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 Definition:- Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a digital representation of
physical and functional characteristics of a facility. A BIM is a shared knowledge
resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during
its life-cycle, defined as existing from earliest conception to demolition. Traditional
building design was largely reliant upon. two-dimensional drawings (plans,
elevations, sections, etc.), Building information modeling extends this beyond 3D.
augmenting the three primary spatial dimensions (width, height and depth) with time
as the fourth dimension (4D) and cost as the fifth (5D), etc. BIM therefore allow
extraction of different views from a building model for drawing production and other
uses. These different views are automatically consistent, being based on a single
definition of each object instance. BIM software also defines objects parametrically,
that is, the objects are defined as parameters and relations to other objects, so that if a
related object is amended, dependent ones will automatically also change Each model
element can carry attributes for selecting and ordering them automatically, providing
cost estimates as well as material tracking and ordering. For the professionals
involved in a project, BIM enables a virtual information model to be handed from the
design team (architects, landscape architects, surveyors, civil, structural and building
services engineers, etc.) to the main contractor and subcontractors and then on to the
owner/operator, each professional adds discipline-specific data to the single shared
model. This reduces information losses that traditionally occurred when a new team
takes 'ownership of the project, and provides more extensive information to owners of

complex structures. Figure.1 BIM across project life

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1.3. POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF USING BIM

The possible economic benefits and improvement of productivity with successful

BIM implementation is well acknowledged and gradually better understood within the
AEC industry (Bernstein & Pittman, 2004). BIM applications and solutions is one of
the most challenging technological progresses in recent years for the architecture,
engineering. construction, and facility management (AECFM) industry. Its lucrative
deliverables is attracting majority of the construction companies, who aim to offer
high quality product for their clients. The integrated database gives the opportunity to
every individual involved in an entire construction project (including architects,
engineers, contractors, project managers.

One of the main advantages of implementing

BIM applications is the visual coordination and the capability to identify possible
conflicts among the various building systems. Furthermore, the instantaneous data
updating attribute of BIM along with cloud computing, helps AEC professionals
tremendously in saving time, otherwise spent or wasted in exchanging project
information. These deliverable products are just a few things that one can expect from
this powerful tool which completely transforms the way business is performed
(Franklin, 2010). The advantages and possible benefits of this new technology
compared to traditional 2D CAD has been researched intensely in various nations.
BIM offers a plethora of benefits, both. directly and indirectly, to all members of the
AECFM industry. A reduction in conflicts and changes/rework during construction,
low levels of risks and improved estimate of long lead resources, overall reduction
construction wastage and the whole-life costs of built assets, better-performing
completed infrastructure, and improved overall project quality are among the
advantages that can be experienced with appropriate usage of BIM applications and
solutions

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1.4 EXTEND BIM WORKFLOWS AND SAVE IN REVIT
COLLECTION

The Architecture, Engineering & Construction Collection provides designers,

engineers and contractors with BIM and CAD tools that support projects from the
studio to the jobsite.

In addition to Revit, the collection includes:

• AutoCAD

• Civil 3D

• Navisworks

• Infra Works

• Recap Pro

1.5 VISUALZATION:

The ability to create, visualizes, and present architectural and engineering documents
is one of direct benefits for a 3D model. Many individuals have difficulty
understanding overloaded 2D drawings even after intently studying the drawings.
However, a 3D model, even with relatively few details, clearly represents the building
project.

1.6 COLLABORATION:

BIM proves to be very beneficial for sharing a single database among multiple team
members. The AECFM industry is tightly bound together, and the challenge to
synchronize among these professionals seems to be achievable because of BIM. It has
been demonstrated repeatedly that collaboration among teams at initial stages of
construction project has great. rewards for planning and scheduling. Therefore, by
developing BIM models at initial stages of a project, AEC firms can totally ensure in-
depth collaboration among the extended project team, on almost all of the
construction issues.

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1.7 OBJECTIVES OF THE BIM REVIT SOFTWARE:

1. To understand the building information modeling tools .

2. To use the collaboration tools offered by REVIT thus making the overall
construction easy.

3. Make a 3D model and do structural analysis of the structure using STAAD and then
linking it with the REVIT model.

4. Do initial survey to know the requirements of the school and propose the future
development.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITRATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

The literature review focuses on the relevance of a digital approach as BIM in the
particularly dynamic and diversified renovation sector, mainly driven by micro
enterprises (μEnt). The state of the art shows that few scientific references are devoted
to this subject and that the technologies and tools available, which are often very
costly, have not demonstrated their profitability (and feasibility) for this business
typology.

2.2 LITRATURE REVIEW

• Zeynep Onur, Fatemeh Nouban explained the characteristics, limitations,

application, technical capabilities, ability to be adopted for new design methods, the
ability of work by a design team, quality of architectural presentation and design of
the BIM software in architectural disciplines to collaborate all the data from
engineering and architecture tools that planners and builders can visualize the
building in virtual reality. And also by cloud computing, it enables every member of
the team to access to the information needed. It allows the designer to design singular
models and employs cloud computing to make sure all members of the design team
have access to the information that they require. Revit BIM software retains data and
adapts to the related changes. From one model, it is possible to extract other drawings.
Any change in the 3D model will be reflected in 2D drawings or vice versa.

• Srimathi.S, Dr.R.N.Uma gathered information about the implementation of BIM

tools in commercial projects. This methodology process shows the computer
application involved in construction management. Initially Commercial Building Plan
is developed in AutoCAD software then modelling and analysing has been done with
the help of Revit Architecture.

• V. Tabak, B. De Vries paper presents a model for office building usage simulation
which is part of the research project “User Simulation of Space Utilisation”. The aim
of his project is to develop a model for the simulation of human movement to predict
space utilisation in office buildings. The underlying model takes two main types of

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input: firstly the workflow of the organisation and secondly the design of the building
in which the organisation is (or will be) housed.

• Deepa A. Patil , Prof. Amey A. Kelkar , Prof. Rohit S. Malawade presented

journal about the current study on concept of building information model(BIM)
derives a plat form where all the key information of every sole element of the process
of construction can be integrated virtually.And also BIM helps in terms of 5D
modelling by saving a lot of time and money over traditional scheduling process. The
paper presents the implementation of project management functions with use of BIM
concept in residential or multi-storeyed buildings. The BIM tool is to assist especially
for design, defining the building form and spaces, visualization to analyzing costs,
time and performance of energy. It is a tool of construction management which is
most useful for the real simulation process of any kind on-going building project.

• E. Rakesh Reddy, S. Kailashkumar article presents about detailed explanation of

how do we design and model G+5 commercial building by Autodesk revit
architecture, which renders complete vision of construction. With BIM new
technology it is easy to model the building and we can connect to revit architecture,
Revit MEP, Revit structure, Built for Building Information Modeling (BIM). In
general, for building design and model can be employed by the architecture of
Autodesk Revit. In addition, it can give you an exact vision via design, construction
and documentation. Use the information-rich models that Autodesk Revit
Architecture is useful for make more informed Building designs decisions to
support0sustainable design, clash detection, construction planning, and fabrication
Installation.

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 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This project involves modelling of an modern house based on the requirements for
particular work environment. The design of the building is modelled in REVIT
software 2022 using all required tools and families that are to be inserted in the part of
modelling. Firstly the floor plans are drawn according to the area which is available
and then converted to 3D model where we can make changes as per required for
output.

3.2 FLOW CHART

STARTING A PROJECT

CREATING A PROJECT

RENAME LEVELS

COMPONENTS

FAMILY CREATION

ADDING EXTERIOR WALLS

ADDING ROOFS

ADDING FLOORS

COMPLETE 3D MODELLING
OF PROJECT

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3.3 STARTING A PROJECT

1. Double Click and open Revit software.

2. Initially 1st we need to select Revit architecture template from template panel.

3. Then we will entering into the Revit GUI.

4. We can see left side properties box and right side project browser.

5. In view menu manage units and set the units as per need .

6. Now set the grids.

7. Go to application menu bar save the file with require name in specified folder.

3.4 CREATING A PROJECT

1. Before going to design the model in revit get the plan from architect.

2. As per need set the units.

3. Using grid line draw the plan view.

4. Using draw panel draw the grid lines.

5. In draw panel we have line, circle, rectangle, arc etc options.

6. In properties box some modifying tools will be there to modify the grid lines.

7. Using copy, move, rotate, array options we can complete the grid diagram in less
time.

8. Using copy, move, rotate, array options we can complete the grid diagram in less
time.

9. Click on architecture for placing of walls with proper dimensions and click on edit
type for modifying of properties. Place walls intersection at internal origin.

10. After preparing a plan with giving proper wall dimensions then click on annotate
for measuring of walls dimensions lines.

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Figure 3.1 Adding interface points

Figure 3.2 Adding grids and levels

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3.5 Rename Levels:

1. As per the requirement we need to create the levels also for the multi-storeyed
building.

2. For levels in go to architecture panel.

3. Select level option in datum panel.

4. Now draw the levels by giving floor height.

5. Name the each level such ground floor, 1sr floor etc.

6. Using offset option we can give the floor height.

7. In level at the two ends of the level line we have.

8. Then click on boundary line for elevation in front of building by the use of
rectangle after completion of outer wall.

9. Click on architecture and go to wall with wall architectural for creation of curtain
walls then go to creating of with 4.5" of dimension.

10. After creation of curtain walls click on mullion for extension of corners of wall
and click on curtain grids for partition between the spaces of wall.

3.6 COMPONENTS

1. In component panel we have some categories in that we have doors, windows,

Gates, Railings, Beds, all furnitures etc. objects, which have already created and it
will available by installing Revit Architecture software itself.

2. We can import those components by selecting component option, go to browse,

select the components as per need then place it in our model as per our requirement.

3. Wherever we want we can place it, and double click on that component it turns to
new window in that we can modify the component modify it also, as per our need.

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 This is best option in Revit, very userfriendly to modify the components as per our
need.

3.7 FAMILY CREATION

1. Families are nothing but components like door windows, furniture, railings, post
balusters, columns, gates etc, but we need to create these as per need and we can place
it in our model.

2. Creating families is very important in Revit Architecture.

3. Using reference lines and reference planes, we need to draw Profile of the object as
per our need.

4. To make these components we have number of advanced tools.

Table 3.1 door schedule or dimensions

Level Type Type Thickness Width Height Sill Head count

mark height height
Ground floor 1510x211 D1 0’-11/2” 3’-4” 6’-11” 0’-0” 6’-11” 1
(MAINDOOR) 0
Ground floor 1010x211 D2-D4 0’-11/2” 3’-4” 6’-11” 0’-0” 6’-11” 3
0
FIRST 1010x211 D5-D9 0’-11/2” 3’-4” 6’-11” 0’-0” 6’-11” 5
FLOOR 0

Table 3.2 Window schedule or dimensions

Level Type Type Width Height Sill Head Count

mark height height
GROUND 1810x W1-W4 3’-11” 4’-5” 3’-0” 6’-11” 4
FLOOR 1210
FIRST 1810x W5-W9 3’-11” 4’-5” 3’-0” 6’-11” 5
FLOOR 1210

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3.8 SPECIFICATIONS OF HOUSE

• Total area of building: 180000 mm X 13.5000 mm.

• Total number of floors: G+1.

• Dimensions of stairs: 177.8mm max riser 279.4mm tread.

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 CHAPTER 4

ADDING EXTERIOR WALLS AND ROOFS &

FLOORS
4.1 INTRODUCTION

Floors, roofs, walls Speaking in a very generic way, they are practically all the
horizontal elements that we can find in the construction of a building. These three
parts have a very similar way of modeling in Revit and this is the reason why when
learning this software, they almost always appear one after the other. The order is
usually a rather logical and therefore similar order: starting first with the floors, later
the soffits and, finally, the ceilings. All this, clearly after having modeled the exterior
and interior walls of our building.

4.2 ADDING EXTERIOR WALLS

In this exercise, we will know how to create the wall and creating different types wall
such as

In this exercise, we will know how to create the wall and creating different types wall
such as

1. Generic walls

2. Curtain wall

3. Stacked wall

4. Go to architecture panel

5. Select the wall panel

6. Then select wall Architectural

7. Then go to properties browser

8. Select the type of wall which you want

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9. Then go to edit type, duplicate it and name it

10. Again go to edit option to change thickness material also

11. After that give the height for the wall

12. Then using draw panel draw the wall as per Architect plan by taking reference as
the grid line diagram

13. But for the stacked wall, and curtain wall it will different

14. For the stacked wall firstly we need to create normal walls of different thickness,
height, as per need

15. Then we will combine those walls from properties browser.

16. Families are nothing but components like door windows, furniture, railings, post
balusters, columns, gates etc, but we need to create these as per need and we can place

17. Creating families is very important in Revit Architecture.

18. Using reference lines and reference planes, we need to draw Profile of the object
as per our need. To make these components we have number of advanced tools.

19. Go to create panel in design panel we have tools like Extrusion, sweep, Blend
revolve, Swept Blend etc .

20. Using these above tools We can draw the components, and we have to save it in
specifies path as family.

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 Figure 4.1 Adding exterior walls

4.2 ADDING A ROOF

1. Go to architecture tab.

2. Select the roof.

3. Then using draw panel draw the roof shape as per need .

4. from properties we can give slope value as per need.

5. By removing define slope we can have the flat slab.

6. We have roof by extrusion option to have the roof by drawing a plan like arc, line
or combination of line and arc from elevation view.

7. Using offset option we can give the setbacks also.

8. Using modify tools such as trim/extend, split tool we can modify the roof.

9. After creation of roof then from properties browser edit type we can change
thickness and we can give the materials also.

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10.The Revit work environment allows users to manipulate whole buildings or
assemblies (in the project environment) or individual 3D shapes (in the family editor
environment).

11.Modelling tools can be used with pre-made solid objects or imported geometric
models.

12. However, Revit is not a NURBS modeller and also lacks the ability to manipulate
an object's individual polygons except on some specific object types such as roofs,
slabs and terrain or in the massing environment.

13.There are many categories of objects (families in Revit terminology), which divide
into three groups.

14.System Families are pre-made by Autodesk and customization is limited

15.Loadable Families/Components can be built from scratch.

16.In-Place Far which are like loadable families, but cannot be saved out of the
project in which they are made.

Figure 4.2 Adding a roof

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4.3 ADDING A FLOORS
In this exercise, we can create floors in different shape
1. Select floor plan from project browser
2. Then architecture panel
3. Select architecture floor
4. Using draw panel draw the floor plan shape
5. Go to properties edit type, duplicate it, and name it with required name
6. We can change thickness and material also
7. We can the floors using the Pick line method, pick wall edge method
8. Drawing a closed figure in already drawn closed boundary will create hole in that
particular area
9. Like that select each floor plan and draw the floors as per need
10. If the floors for all floors is same then we can copy also by using copy to clip
board and paste option.
11. On the Sorting/Grouping tab of the Schedule We can sort by using different fields
as we initially selected like height, thick, and family type etc.
12. Using formatting option we can set orientation and alignment for door
specifications which we have selected initially.
13. Using Appearance tab we can change the grid lines, outer lines style, and also we
can change the text
14. we can change the dimension by double click on dimension line.
15. we can lock the dimension to avoid changing the dimension.
16. To Specify Temporary Dimension Settings
17 .Click Manage tab
18. Additional Settings button
19. Temporary Dimensions.
20.Click Architecture tab Build panel Floor drop-down (Floor: Architectural).

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21.Draw the floor boundaries, using one of the following methods: Pick walls: By
default, Pick Walls is active.

Figure 4.3 Adding a floor

Figure 4.4 Top view of exterior walls

19
 Figure 4.5 Front view of roof

Figure 4.6 3D view of exterior walls and roofs

20
Figure 4.7 Total Plan of house (G+1)

Figure 4.8 Ground Floor Plan

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Figure 4.9 First floor plan

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 CHAPTER 5
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

5.1 INTRODUCTION
The building information of the school was done and the dynamic usefulness of BIM
was studied. The conclusion drawn is that the use of modern tools can make the
planning and designing process an easy and efficient. The link of all the different
kinds of details is a powerful tool for better co-ordination in the project. The use of
softwares reduces a lot of man power and human errors. It should be also kept in mind
that even the computer can make mistakes, the designer should analyse the outputs of
the software and make sure they are correct Time estimation is still nit a part of
popular BIM softwares but as the industry develops these tools will also be available.

5.2 RESULT 3D VIEW USING REVIT

An experienced user can create realistic and accurate families ranging from furniture
to lighting fixtures, as well as import existing models from other programs. Revit
families can be created as parametric models with dimensions and properties. This
lets users modify a given component by changing predefined parameters such as
height, width or number in the case of an array. In this way a family defines a
geometry which is controlled by parameters, each combination of parameters can be
saved as a type, and each occurrence (instance in Revit) of a type can also contain
further variations.

Autodesk Revit MEP is building information modeling (BIM) software created by

Autodesk. MEP stands for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing, which are the three
engineering disciplines that Revit MEP addresses. By utilizing BIM as opposed to
computer-aided drafting (CAD), Revit MEP is able to leverage dynamic information
in intelligent models allowing complex building systems to be accurately designed
and documented in a shorter amount of time.

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 Figure 5.1 The complete layout of modern house

Figure 5.2 Complete 3D view of modelling of modern house

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DISCUSSIONS OF REVIT SOFT WARE

The use of Revit was discussed with multiple engineers from a reputable structural
engineering firm. Some insight was gained from these engineers experience with
using Revit on real construction projects within the New York metropolitan area. The
following includes a summary of the opinions of these engineers based on their
personal experiences. The material choice for the building structure typically has a
direct impact on the usefulness of the program for structural engineers. For concrete
buildings, the biggest advantage of using Revit for a structural engineer is mostly only
as a tool to coordinate amongst the design team. Particularly in New York, it seems
that the industry's concrete contractors do not have an interest in using Revit.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been making significant

inroads in the construction industry in the early part of this century to the point that
now 4- and 5-dimensional models are common practice. Software is also getting
better at communicating between packages without loss of data. The use of BIM has
significantly enhanced the ability to deliver satisfaction to construction Owners by
enabling the use of Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) as the preferred method of
project delivery. However, there still is significant room for improvement in the area
of integrating the knowledge or informational aspects of the constructed project. This
paper explores the need for the integration of information, or emphasizing the “I” in
BIM and IPD through the use of case studies.

In construction projects, the life cycle is implemented in a

cradle to grave approach. It is split into planning, design, construction, operation &
maintenance and facility management phases until the useful life of the facility.
Traditional project approaches that are used in the industry still face a lot of
challenges due to cost & schedule overruns poor collaboration among the project
participants and inefficient ways of handling the constructed facility during the
implementation of the life cycle. In order to create an interdisciplinary work
environment among the project participants, Integrated Project Delivery (IPD).

25
 CHAPTER 6

CONCLUSIONS

6.1 CONCLUDING REMARKS

 I conclude that BIM model of an modern house is created and different

components are implemented in the design using different tools in software.
 Using BIM as a tool to update the flow of information during a project is just
as critical as doing it the first time.
 BIM tools will continue to develop in their ability to be streamlined, but
current processes allow a BIM-enabled construction manager to complete
tasks with relatively good efficiency.
 As users become more proficient with the software and the process to which
the software is applied, these tasks will be even faster.
 This project gives the realistic modelling of building and accurate families
ranging from furniture.
 To lighting fixtures, as well as import existing models from other software’s
like Auto CAD etc.
 In this Project we have done planning, modelling, scheduling of Doors and we
have created families also for this modern building.

6.2 SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK

 This project gives clear design and modelling of a modern building with the
efficient structural and architectural plans.
 It provides the overall knowledge of material take off and schedule quantities
in the model of the building defined in the project.
 3D realistic view give the clear picture about the family and the components
placed with in the building model.

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 REFERENCES
1) Zeynep Onur, Fatemeh Nouban, “Integrated project delivery (IPD) for
maximizing design and construction considerations regarding sustainability”,
ScienceDirect, Procedia Engineering, 95, 2014, pp. 528-538.

2) Srimathi.S, Dr.R.N.Uma “Traditional Design versus BIM Based Design”, Science

Direct, Vol. 91, 2014, pp 210– 215.

3) Tabak, V., 2008. User simulation of space utilisation. Eindhoven University Press.

4) Patil, D.A. and Malawade, A.A.K.R.S., 2017. Application of Building

Information Modelling Software’s for Planning and Scheduling of Multi-Storeyed
Building. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4, pp.2775.

5) Reddy, E.R. and Kailashkumar, S., 2019. Design and Modelling of G+ 5

Commercial building by Autodesk Revit ArchitectureE. International Journal of
Engineering and advanced Technology (IJEAT), 9(2), pp.4732-4736.

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