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Severe Analysis of Cardiac Disease Detection using the Wearable Device by

Artificial Intelligence

Conference Paper · November 2020

DOI: 10.1109/INOCON50539.2020.9298388

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 Severe analysis of cardiac disease detection using
the wearable device by Artificial Intelligence
Maryam Khan Qareena Yaseen Asia Mumtaz
Information Technology Information Technology Information Technology
University of Sialkot University of Sialkot University of Sialkot
Sialkot, Pakistan Sialkot, Pakistan Sialkot, Pakistan
mk7437508@gmail.com binteyaseen11@gmail.com asia.mumtaz@uskt.edu.pk

Ayesha Saleem Seemab Ishaq Haseeb Udeen

Information Technology Information Technology Information Technology
University of Sialkot University of Sialkot University of Sialkot
Sialkot, Pakistan Sialkot, Pakistan Sialkot, Pakistan
ayeshasaleem2389@gmail.com smbishaq@gamail.com haseebbajwa1@outlook.com

Abstract—In the current era of technology, Artificial minutes hearts perform normally after taking medicine or
Intelligence (AI) is playing a vital role in the health care sector relaxing techniques. But the problem is that when he visits
especially cardiac disease detection which is a major cause of his/her doctor and after monitoring the ECG, the doctor
sudden death. Both the elderly and young are at the risk of doesn’t reach the depth of the problem and he suggests that
sudden cardiac death at the ratio of 1-2% all around the world.
“the heart rate is normal”, and the problem persists.
Although AI technology with wearable technology is being used
to detect heart diseases for quite some time now, sometimes it To sort out this problem many concepts have been
fails due to multiple reasons which include algorithm failure, introduced, like the wearable device that connects with a
high cost of treatment, limited battery time wearable device, mobile application using IoT. The main advantage of this
data training issues, security and privacy issue in IoT, slow device is that a patient checks his/her heart rate itself at the
working of devices, poor internet or patients don’t reach the time when he/she feels arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat) or
hospital on time. Which gives rise to false results. Security and other disturbance felt in the heart. After that, patients can
privacy issues in the old devices are the biggest flaws due to easily show the records of heart rate at the time of the normal
which old devices work slowly and the internet issues are and abnormal stage.
common, it helps us to check their heart parameters anytime
and anywhere in the world which reduces the hospital's
workload, cost issues and to line onward. Meanwhile, these
problems can be overcome by using modern models such as
ECG assessment, AI-based guidelines, Visy’s model which can
recognize five critical diseases. A Wearable ECG patch is a very
lightweight model that provides high accuracy and efficiency.
These devices are trained by using a machine learning
algorithm, and AI plays a prime role to detect the diseases. It
helps us to check their heart parameters anytime and anywhere
in the world which reduces the hospital's workload and cost
issues, and the devices provide updated information as real-time
data is stored online and secured with firebase authentication.
It is concluded that all modern devices are more efficacious,
cost-effective, user friendly, and more secure. Figure 1

Keywords—artificial intelligence, machine learning, II. LITERATURE REVIEW

biosensors, wearable device, CAD diagnosis, electrocardiogram,
IoT
I. INTRODUCTION
The heart is the major and most important organ of the human
body after the brain. Heart plays a major role in our body; it
pumps the blood and supplies oxygen to the whole body
through arteries. But if the heart doesn’t work properly then
it may cause Heart Failure resulting in sudden death. Some
disorders of the heart also known as Silent Killer like Atrial
Fibrillation (AF), Coronary Artery Disease (CVD), and Heart
Attack, etc. Usually, a heart attack is very dangerous; it is
most common and harmful.
According to the estimation of the Health Line website, about
14% [1] of people who have a heart attack will die from it.
To detect the cardiac disease, the process is very complex.
For example, a person has Atrial Fibrillation disease which
disturbs the flow of heart rate. Patient’s heart rate suddenly
increases or decreases from normal rate but after a few
1. Explanation of artificial intelligence, computer
software that can think similar to mankind. The
motive of the execution of Artificial Intelligence in
medical science is to supply such a facility that is
being given by medical specialists. There are two
aspects of medical science that facilitate. One is a
diagnosis facility and the other is medical treatment
[2].
2. Discussion of Feed mechanism to expand and boost
the efficiency of cardiology. Whole-genome order
and flow mobile sensors used to authorize coming
times physicians to scan interference and feedback
to extra expand biomedical information gathered.
Physicians introduce machine learning which
increases each phase forbearing supervision from
investigation and locating to recognition, the
assortment of cure. Outcome patient-contact

XXX-X-XXXX-XXXX-X/XX/$XX.00 ©20XX IEEE

 experience get to be further well-organized, further
suitable, further individualized, further effectual [3].
3. In this paper, the author describes how the highly-
developed countries are facing healthcare cost
issues. The author describes the flaws of previous
papers and previous wireless technologies do not
detect some diseases and also show wrong results.
Also, in the hospital, manual work burden is more.
The visual sign system (Visy’s) explores the
feasibility and efficiency. This system consists of a
lightweight point-to-point wireless vital signs check
system. The model gives us five real-time vital signs
check electrocardiogram (ECG) of heart rate (HR),
respiratory rate (RR), and derived systolic blood
pressure [4].
4. In this paper, the author describes Artificial
Intelligence in security-dependent geo-medical
systems. It provides an approach to the prognostic
diagnosis of cardiac health using AI. Human Health
Monitoring Medical Systems (HHMMS) have been
promoted at a sudden rate, with protection upgraded
by aiming to provide better quality and correction in
predicting disease, rapid diagnostics, and user-
friendly interface. With progress, the technology
exists to address the current challenges of
recognizing and diagnosing the real unusual key
(Heart rate) cardiac signal [5].
5. In this paper, the author describes the importance of
the heart and reveals some information about it. Like
heart attack kills the normal person in three trials.
Most people die through a heart attack and the major
reason behind it is carbon dioxide. So, in this paper,
author used IoT to analyze the level of CO2 in the
body and its effect on the heart [6].
6. China has slowly entered in maturing society. The
author focused on wearable gadgets for the aged.
According to the author, relating to age, national
committee office works, at the last of 2017, there are
241 million aged individuals having age 60 or over
in China, recorded for 17.3% of the whole
population. The focus is given on aged-people
health care. In this article, the bracelet converse with
the APP on the smartphone with Bluetooth signal to
get temperature and heart rate checking and one-
button save work [7].
7. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common
cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a big reason for a
heart attack. Due to it many people lost their lives
and the economy also affected it. To diagnose this
disease angiography is used, that is risky and also
irritating procedure. Alternatively, machine learning
is an affordable option. To diagnose CAD through
ML techniques author discussed many techniques
that are used in this era, including datasets, sample
sizes, features, location of data collection,
performance metrics, etc. [8].
8. Arterial Fibrillation is a heart disease which causes
irregular and fast heart rate that can increase the risk
of heart failure. Many cases of AF are clinically
silent and normally not found out, but long-term
monitoring is not possible. According to a report
that is discussed in this paper, approximately 1.5% -
2% of the commonly young population in the
developed world has AF disorder. If AF is
diagnosed at the start, then it can be curable, that’s
why wearable device-based ECG is a better option
for AF detection at an early stage [9].
9. The survey method techniques are used to analyze
machine learning. This paper has presented the
concept of automatic detection of cardiovascular
disease. Automatic dilated- cardiomyopathy (DCM)
and Atrial Sepal Defect (ASD) are the main types of
cardiomyopathy that are related to heart
predominant myocardial [10].
10. Angiography, which is invasive plus dangerous, is
the general and official way of diagnosing CAD.
Due to these risks of angiography, researchers
struggled for an alternative solution and they
estimated some of ML algorithm’s techniques used
for this purpose.
This study comprehensively reviews how, when,
and where ML techniques have been applied for
CAD detection. First of all, researchers gathered the
previous record of a patient and trained system
according to the given dataset [11].
11. This work addresses the management of CVDs for
prompt identification detection, therapy and
examines CVDs. Through it, technology is
improving, which seems to be more familiar and
profitable, for which solar energy batteries are
implemented in the gadget for their always working
power. The smart wearable gadget works for
appropriate identification controlling cardiovascular
diseases [12].
12. The biomedical request for cardiac fitness care. The
paper decodes the majority of important machine
learning algorithms with advanced biosensors
having computing skills of microchip-based
necessary cardiac biomarkers (biomechanics) for
actual time fitness observing and make better
sufferer agreement. Explore newly evolved cardiac
biosensors based on their increasing demand in
medical care [13].
13. An Artificial Intelligence-based APP, TelliDoctor
for medical care consisting of a list of medical
conditions relevant to patient’s symptoms and then
according to symptoms treatment is recommended.
It also keeps records of health fitness and other
parameters like age, gender, location, previous
medical records [14].
14. In this paper, the Artificial Intelligence of things
(AIOT) system for (ECG) that stands for
 Electrocardiogram inquiry and cardiac disease
disclosure is presented. The system consists of
Front-end, IOT based hardware, a user interface on
smart device application (APP), a cloud database,
and an AI frame for cardiac disease disclosure. The
front-end IOT based hardware, wearable ECG patch
that adds an analog-front end circuit and Bluetooth
module, can identify not only display users' current
ECG signals but also display abnormal signals
immediately disease detection [15].
III. METHODS
1. Analysis of Proposed Model for The AI Diagnostic
Framework:
The computer based [1], AI takes a picture of an
ECG of the patient and performs standard ECG
elucidation calculation. The determination of
ECG is based upon cadence strip since of rhythm
strip is utilized for schedule checkup. The waves
of all the ECG complexes of a beat strip have
certain attributes like: sufficiency, shape, length,
diversion and position. A cardiologist scrutinize
the setup of the waves of all ECG complexes of
cadence strip independently. The most errand of
determination is to compare the values of all
qualities of these waves with their typical criteria.
If any wave exceeds its own normal criteria of
configuration, then the appropriate disease will be
diagnosed. The abnormal conditions in the
configuration of any wave of ECG complex can
be:
• The value of amplitude is higher or
lower than normal criterion of
amplitude (the amplitude is in mV)
• The duration is longer or shorter than
normal criterion of duration ( the
duration is in ms).
• The shape of the wave is different from
its normal shape.
The deflection of a wave is totally inverted from its
normal direction of deflection [2].
2. Analysis of Machine Learning
In this paper technology bends, launching standard
methods for machine learning, analysis of some
program in cardiology, predict how cardiovascular
cure will include AI in the coming times. In this
paper, machine learning algorithms include
Regression, Decision trees, Support Vector
Machines, Neural networks, Deep learning all
connected to ensemble Methods. cardiologist will
thus need to consolidate AI and machine learning
into the clinic. In fact, as the sum of available
patient – level information proceeds to extend and
proceed to incorporate unused streams of complex
biomedical data into the clinic, it is likely that AI
will end up essential to the practice of clinical
medication. In a clinical case, utilized trees and
another procedure called gradient boosting to
foresee cardiovascular occasion hazard in a sample
of around 38,000 patients in the United Kingdom.
2 machine learning calculations beat the American
heart association hazard calculation by 1.7% and
3.6% respectively [3].
3. Main Parts Of The Model:
The model (Visy’s) contains three main parts. 1)
Wireless vital signs, 2) biosensors for data trap, for
the saving, and 3) processing of data using cloud
and Gateway. More importantly for showing data
on-screen using 4) client app. Firstly, the
biosensors are two types used to trap data like NUS-
TRE that trap ECGRR and TMP signals. Secondly,
NUS PPG that captured photoplethysmography
then the gateway is implemented between
biosensors and cloud networks. Then the client app
shows the user’s real-time five vital key signs [4].
4. Photoplethysmogram (PPG) Sensors Analysis:
The author suggests a structure 2oo2 (two-
out-of- two) protection-relation design layout
and uses separate sensors PPG and ECG for
analysis. To perform PPG signal processing and
data analytics, validated the fuzzy entropy-based
detection and estimation algorithm is used. To
perform ECG signal processing and data
analytics, a rich fuzzy nerve signal processing
system for determining R peaks. 2oo2 the safety
principles are mentioned.
The comprehensive fail-safe principle is
used in the 2oo2 design and it is complied with,
that is, each channel is self-consistent and votes
against another channel. Safe voting procedure,
which is a parallel circuit that is, when both
conditions need to fail then this system suffers
from failure.
Both conditions, safe parameters. Both the
threshold limit and the positive correlation of the
parameters must be correct. Recognized
hardware, systemic, and unmanaged continuous
built-in test (BIT) functions to monitor software
cases for configuration failures should not fail.
Now author enhances the concepts for security use
Phonocardiogram (PCG), electrocardiogram
(ECG), Photoplethysmogram (PPG) Sensors, and
sequence-related security architectures and linked
with field programmable gateway (FPGA) gadgets
as such the system has been reviewed with a
separate overview [5].
5. ML-based techniques:
The author describes the method, utilizing the
MCU of the STM32F103 for a bracelet, ST188 is
utilized for checking heart rate. MLX90614 is
utilized for temperature measurement. This method
senses physical checking and a one-button save
work. It turns out that pressing the help button can
cause a crisis call in two seconds and the user's area
and heart rate can be sent to the crisis contact [7].
Figure 2: The network picture of the bracelet framework. [7]
The wearable device in Figure 2 helps the patient when
the patient is in some urgent situation with the help of a
single press of a button, the signals recognize the area and
information to their relatives contacted with the help of
SMS. The patient’s relatives also install this app and get
information about that person.[7]
6.
A few measurements, counting accuracy, affectability,
specificity, and f-score, have been detailed within the
pertinent writing for show evaluation. Notwithstanding of
which metric is considered, generally the execution of the
show depends on two key variables: (i) dataset, and (ii) ML
pipeline. For the dataset, the investigation can be based on the
source of the data (nation), the test estimate, and number of
highlights. The pipeline can be examined based on the ML
and highlight determination strategies. The rest of Segment 2
explores these components and conducts a multifaceted
analysis of what ML-based CAD determination has
advertised in this way distant [8].
7.
A. Data Collection; B. Preprocessing; C. Features based
on PPG time series; D. Wavelet Analysis. All the above-
discussed steps are used in this paper. All subjects are adult
patients (18-89 years old) who were admitted and undergoing
telemetry monitoring at the Emory University Hospital
(EUH) .
Separated from the ghastly data of PPG, we incorporated a
few measurements based on beat-to-beat interim variations in
our AF discovery calculation. We calculated the sample
entropy with the inserting measurements m = 1, and 2
(SampEn1 and SampEn2, separately). Another, calculated
the standard deviation of the beat-to-beat interim time series
(STD), as well as a vigorous form of the standard deviation
(STD), after disposing of the interims exterior the 0.05-0.95
percentile extend (we accepted that the extraordinary
intervals are due to incorrect beat onset discovery). At long
last, calculated a weighted standard deviation include, by
taking the reverse of the ACC waveform inside each interim
as the weighing calculate when calculating the standard
deviation (STD). Inside each 30 seconds window, utilized the
SQI purity to select a channel with the most noteworthy flag
quality and the highlights from this channel were utilized to
speak to the corresponding 30 seconds window.[9].
8. Deep Learning:
In this paper, Deep Learning is a sequential subgroup
of ML Methods that can be supervised or unsupervised. In
supervised deep learning trains, the system using data that is
well labeled. The author also used an error backpropagation
algorithm that is especially useful for deep neural networks
working on error-prone projects. In administered DL,
preparing information are utilized as input to build a show
over rehashing preparing cycles. To optimize demonstrate
execution, demonstrate weights are adjusted during each
preparing circular based on the differences between yield and
ground truth, each proportional to its relative commitment to
the mistake. This process is in actual called blunder
backpropagation. As before long as the ascending prescient
execution comes to a plateau, the calculation stops learning
from unused preparing data and the preparing prepare may be
stopped. In uncommon infections, pathology can indeed be
simulated to make fake preparing information. Interests, DL
models are some of the time considered to be ‘black boxes’
and, in common, give small knowledge into what they learn
and how it was learnt. For this reason, methodologies are
right now being created to envision the learning handle in DL
[11].
9.
The meet strategy interview method was embraced to
include information about the different wearable gadgets.
Analysts guaranteed that important questions were tended to
interviews for the wearable gadgets, their application, and the
level of understanding acknowledgment/dismissal towards the
gadgets. Restorative wearable gadgets build up a quantitative
way of assessing patient’s wellbeing by following their status
whereas they are absent from the healing center. Gathering
such information may diminish the rate of mortality of
individuals. In addition, it may reduce the terms of the
treatment required within the treatment, which will result in
moving forward the quality of a patient’s life. The specialists
uncovered their positive hone comes about upon using
wearable gadgets by encouraging patients to utilize these
gadgets. In addition, utilizing wearable gadgets will move the
patients into a more preventative healthcare show that will
provide the open capability to play a more enthusiastic part in
individual wellbeing management by moving healthcare from
the healing centers to the homes [12].

10. Firebase Authentication Console:
IntelliDoctor system setup user profile by using a
firebase authentication console and contains cloud features
like user verification, database, storage, hosting, functions,
and MI kits (based on the flow of light method). It takes
medical records of a user by generating a questionnaire;
suggest medical conditions according to symptoms, and set
a reminder for medicine taking.
The learning algorithm is used to forecast the possible
medical problem, then the data is fed into a real-time
database. The system also keeps records of health fitness like
heartbeat sensing, junk food records, step count, sleep
tracking, etc. Also, check the risk factor at the last step by
alerting the user and suggesting physical check up to the
doctor [14].
11. Client Interface on App:
ECG signals are shown on-screen; AI algorithm divides
into different cardiac arrhythmias signals at a time and local
mobiles save the ECG data collected. Thirdly, the plan of
the picture era imitates how cardiologists study ECG
signals. In common, cardiologists will consider when
anomalous ECG happened and give maintenance and non-
sustained investigation after taking ECG. If k three unusual
heartbeats are detected or the abnormal ECG flag endures
more than 30s cardiologists must note it as uncommon
perception. Based on this concept, the preprocessed flag will
exchange into images with a test rate of 1200 Hz (roughly
48s). Finally, these pictures will be the preparation,
approval, and testing information of the CNN demonstration
within another stage. This takes one-dimension CNN for
highlighting, extracting, and classifying.
To confirm this IoT framework, it is connected to the
service of wellbeing and welfare for clinical trials, which are
carried out from patients in the clinic, services of wellbeing,
and welfare. Each fragment, such as the wearable ECG
sensing device client interface on App, cloud server sensing
gadget [15].
In table 1, we have described all of the research done in the
above papers in a categorized way such that problems, their
solutions, the advantages of those solutions, and the future
work in accordance with the specific solutions.

Table 1

Problem Statement Solution Advantages Future Work

1) The issues in Artificial 1) To get rid of this problem, the 1) It provides cost & Exactness, 1) In 2020, according to the
Intelligence have also been author introduces the latest Correctness Efficient Assessment authors, Artificial Intelligence is
created for the ECG diagnostic Methodology in which ECG of [2] the future of medical sciences.
framework, the majority of them assessment for Artificial Intelligence More Artificial Intelligence
having pattern based on makes more enables.[2] research program for cardiology
comparison algorithm that can and be utilized for common
never attain enough exactness and purpose use. [2]
correctness for diagnostic
work.[2]

2) There is no treatment of
Supervised machine learning in
the prediction task [3].
3) The previous results of model
problems are that the models are
not able to monitor for a long time
also the sensors don’t contain
low-power and showing
irrelevant data on screen [4].
4) No doubt Artificial Intelligence
in the medical system has
advantages that resolve
difficulties. But still, the issues
occur. High voice signal
interference, electronic and
software error, Mechanical error
such as sensor contact failure,
mechanical error recognizes the
2) Artificial Intelligence: AI will
guide better for patient’s care. Since
physicians will be able to explain
more information in vast depth than
ever before [3].
3) The model Visy’s containing
lightweight, low power, wireless
point-to-point conceived vital sign
monitoring. Implementation of BLE
for connection, frequent
transmission, and low consumption
on the biosensors [4].
4) General separation based on the
deep analysis in these types of
signals confirms the correctness of
pulses in both channels and if pulses
don’t get equal during long-term
signals are not the correct pulses and
also the undiscovered pulses can be
recorded. While increasing issues
have been observed during the arrest
2) Artificial Intelligence feed
mechanism to expand and boost
the efficiency of cardiology.
Whole-genome order and flow
mobile sensors they authorize
coming times physicians to scan
interference and feedback to extra
expand biomedical information
gather fortuitously [3].
3)
i)Frequent transmission
ii) Low consumption on the
biosensors [4].
4) Security up-graded [5].
2) Now, machine learning is
worked by staff with special
training; in the future, these
procedures will end up
progressively [3].
3) Visy’s can be used for the
detection of health disturbances
like heart rate HR, respiratory rate
RR, TMP, derived systolic blood
pressure, and can be combined
with other healthcare applications
to alert nurses about patient's life-
threatening factors and can stop
patient's condition from
deteriorating [4].
4) In 2021, improving the quality
of this selection of sensors in line
with the required diagnostic model
will increase the performance of
the system's pre-analytical
analytics. And the security method
provides at the subject's pulse rate,
 Problem Statement
actual abnormality of the current
cardiac signal from various
obstructive factors such as
cartilage breakdown [5].
5) Co2 level in our body can’t be
easily determined. It becomes
harmful if it's level increases in
the body [6].
6) There are some problems the
author discussed; first, there is a
deficiency of work shooting. And
secondly, it cannot identify the
loss of consciousness of
individuals with ordinary heart
rate and temperature [7].
7) CVD is the most common
disease that is the big reason of
heart attack due to it many people
lost their lives. Problem is that
CVD cannot be diagnosed easily.
To find out it's routine examining
of the heart is most important and
is not possible [8].
8) Heart rates too fast and too
slow from the normal rate in
patients but when arrhythmia
arises, this time patient has no
resources to check the pulse rate
or heart rate [9].
9) ECG is the computational
method to check the problem of
DCM. It is a very slow process
and often do not diagnose the
actual problem [10].
10) Angiography is the only way
to detect CAD which is a very
risky and invasive method [11].
11) There are challenges or
problems associated with the
device, such as costs, general
acceptance, effective
management, privacy, and so on.
Which needs to be effectively
countered [12].
12) Different issues related to the
integration of biosensors with
remote capabilities through
Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and GPS are
significant for future biosensors,
such as machine learning
algorithms and POCs [13].
13) People have to visit doctor
also for minor illnesses. It
consumes time and also cost
money. Furthermore, people have
no idea about the medical
condition of the patient and they
also have to fetch previous health
records [14].
Solution
of short-lived signals, which can be
reduced in design by improving the
synchronization mechanism for
receiving signals across channel [5].
5) IoT is also valuable here because
it determines the level of co2 in the
body by using a sensing device [6].
6) Utilized the MCU of the
STM32F103 for bracelet [7].
7) To resolve this problem, machine
learning plays an important role by
training wearable device and due to
it a native user check the
performance of the heart [8].
8) To resolve, wearable device is an
excellent option to find out the
extreme rate of heart and then the
doctor may be able to treat the
patient in a better way [9].
9) Machine learning is helpful
hereby automatically checking the
walls of heart, by training datasets
that are given to the system [10].
10) Machine learning algorithm that
detects the Problem of CAD [11].
11) To summarize, the study finds a
new and effective medical prospect
for appendicular cardiovascular
devices for current and potential
patients with CVD and exciting
advances in the medical field [12].
12) It has been being over that
cardiac big data store and internet of
things (IoT)-based application
merged with Artificial Intelligence
beside with biosensors for cardiac
look after can act a logical mate
(Assistant). Online monitoring of
patient particular creates the
identification of the patient clearly
and fairly in time [13].
13) IntelliDoctor App system setup
user profile by using the firebase
authentication console and contains
cloud features like user verification,
database, storage, hosting, functions,
and MI kits (based on T flow light
method). It takes medical records of
the user by generating a
questionnaire; suggests medical
conditions according to symptoms,
and sets a reminder for medicine
Advantages
5) Easily discover heart blockage
[6].
6) It reduces time in successful
treatment for unexpected diseases
for the aged.
It also provides offline positioning
mode [7].
7) Better Monitoring of the heart
[8].
8) Reduce heart failure [9].
9) Limitation of dilated
cardiomyopathy can be overcome.
[10].
10) Better Monitoring of the heart
[11].
11) Smart portable gadget in
timely identification [12].
12) Real-time checking of a
patient makes the conclusion of
the patient simpler and superior
over time. It is learned that
explanation of outcome through
machine learning and information
investigation approaches are very
successful and help clinical
decision making [13].
13) It works to eliminate working
repetitively, increasing effort in
the treatment process, reducing
time and money wastage. Creating
preventive care by Artificial
Intelligence application [14].
Future Work
it can be increased to diagnose
related cardiovascular disease [5].
5) If this technology is developed
then we can discover heart
blockage through this technology
by doing more projects [6].
6)In the coming years, there will
be more enhancement in this
product. Online social work will
be included so that aged with
comparative infections can
communicate with each other.
News and life recommendations
on aged people and common
illness will be sent to the APP. On
the equipment side, the camera
and screen can be gathered on the
bracelet so that the client can make
a video call to their crisis contact.
A lot remains to be done [7].
7) Maybe the ECG method
replaced with AI in the future
because machine learning play an
important role in this field [8].
8) Because of this technology, we
will be able to overcome the
problem of heart failure in the
future [9].
9) Deep learning can be used in the
future to overcome the limitation
of dilated cardiomyopathy [10].
10) Maybe the ECG method get
replaced with AI in the future
because machine learning plays an
important role in this field [11].
11) To enhance the importance of
devices adding the more trained
algorithms in artificial intelligence
that helps the patient to detect any
emotions that they feel [12].
12) In the future all the problems
related to the integration of
biosensors with wireless abilities
like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth are
important to improve the quality
and efficiency for future
biosensors, like machine learning
algorithm [13].
13) In the future people can get
medical assistance from home and
also save money. In emergencies,
these types of systems can help to
alert people and suggest nearby
relevant doctors. It also saves time
in emergencies by keeping
previous medical records [14].
 Problem Statement Solution Advantages Future Work
taking. Learning Algorithm is used
to forecast the possible medical
problem then the data is fed into a
real-time database [14].

14) The aged population in the
USA is increasing day by day, and
heart diseases cause sudden death
[15].
14) This paper introduced a
convolution neural network (CNN)
based algorithm for cardiac disease,
also users attach a wearable
monitoring device that recognizes
abnormal signals and informs the
hospital immediately [15].
14) Recognizes abnormal signals 14) In future it is possible to
and informs the hospital enhance the model capacity and
immediately [15]. eliminate complexity, making
easier and more efficient by using
AI-based algorithm on-chip [15].

IV. RESULTS activity and only used a suitable condition to interpret the
health of the block [5].
In this paper, we evaluate some papers based on the detection
In this paper, the proposed system accurately describes the
of heart problems using wearable devices and we mention
level of CO2 in the human body, and the author describes that
these details of the results that are produced by different
carbon dioxide levels in our body increase due to exercise and
authors.
if CO2 level increase from a limited amount then due to the
In this paper authors discuss strategy for ECG Diagnosis by
shortness of breathing or nervous breakdown sudden death
an AI framework, which is created to give the similar power
occurs [6].
of human Specialists to an AI framework for performing
In this paper, author introduces the solution, switch on the
diagnosis tasks [2]. This paper presented that, cardiologists
bracelet. Specify the client’s key information and the phone
assemble choice for patient protection from information, they
number of the crisis contact person in the APP. Also, the
take care to have the approach of well-to-do quantitative
bracelet and APP are ready to recognize and pair. When the
information on patients differentiate with multiple and more
assistance button of the bracelet is pressed, the crisis contact
skills. In the face of a few possible risks, it is a good way to
individual can get the phone call and SMS. The SMS deeply
assemble choice due to information by the program of skill
explains the client data, particular area, and contact individual
sketch from AI.
within the most limited time for the user [7].
In another paper author describes the result that tells us that
This paper presented that, using ML techniques, the
AI will guide for better patient care since physicians will be
maximum accuracies are achieved by various categories of
able to explain more information in vast depth than ever
algorithms. In diagnosing CAD, author describes in this paper
before [3]. The author passed the model of Rationale of The

Figure 3: Normal and Abnormal pulse diagram

Emission Test that this model never shows irrelevant data by
using biosensors. The Visy’s is also efficient in work
bypassing the two clinical trials [4], the author calculated the
biological parameter of heart rate, which is correct and gives
information about the health of the subject such as
“bradycardia (for adults, resting heart rate <60 beats/min
treated as bradycardia) and tachycardia (for adults,
comfortable heart rate >100 beats/min treated as
tachycardia)”. In Figure 3, the author investigated the normal
and abnormal pulse and produced results in the form of
blocks. The presented fig shows the captures of PPG, ECG
signal that presented the normal and abnormal pulse rate by
using model that is presented by author. Blocks contain the
details of normal and abnormal as well as not detectable pulse
etc. readings that got by the model respectively. To recognize
the health quality, the paper mainly focuses on the
segregation signal to check the ability and security of the
that, only a few papers achieved accurate results [8].
In this paper, author firstly describes that to know the
importance of “spectral analysis in AF detection”, a model is
proposed. This system shows the 91.8% accuracy. The result
of this system is the automatic detection of cardiac disease
with the help of machine learning in the form of qualitative
graphics. The qualitative analysis includes a) Normal (b)
HCM (c) ASD Quantitative result is Overall Accuracy 98.30.
According to the result, proposed system shows similar
results gained by electrocardiograms [9]. In this article, the
author looked at security work and focused on isolating signal
data. He used the least number of conditions to assess the
health of patients and the ability to store huge amounts of data
required to train such algorithms has boosted this progress.
Given the result overall match with the dataset given to the
system [11]. In this paper author discusses the results of this
proposed system, it is the rise of cloud platforms that gives
large processing power knowing their area by utilizing this
innovation is an amazing feature of wearable gadgets.
Usually done by sending cautions in case of any unsafe
circumstance [12]. This paper presented that Cardiac big
information stores and the internet of things (IoT)-based
application coordinates with AI in conjunction with
biosensors for cardiac care can act as a virtual partner. Results
visualized in less time [13]. This paper shows the results of
app that is tested on the android ecosystem by registering
users, creating a profile of a user, taking fitness data, and
visualizes all the data into a graphical interface. The system
contains an intelligent symptom analyzer, which creates a set
of questions to predict the medical condition and generates
health reports periodically [14].
V. CONCLUSION
After the brief explanation, we conclude that, with the help of
AIOT, doctors can take decisions to take care of patients,
more efficiently by the access to data. Some better decisions
can be taken by using Artificial Intelligence. Cardiologists
need to include Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
in hospitals. As the number of patients’ data keeps on
expanding, to include current streams of complex biomedical
information into the hospital, Artificial Intelligence is
important in clinical procedures. Radiology and pathology
computer vision can be enhanced by the computerized
algorithm. Artificial Intelligence will handle patients with
better protection as physicians will be able to explain the
further information in huge depth than ever ahead.
Reinforcement Learning Algorithms will end companion
doctor helps, inconspicuously helping doctors, and
streamlining clinical care. As Machine Learning is worked by
staff with special training, “within the Future” these
procedures will be simple and common for everyone. The
model Visy can overcome the problems of the previous
papers. This system contains wireless power wearable
biosensors and monitors ECG (Electro Cardiogram), RR
(Respiratory Rate), TMP (Tran’s mural pressure), and SBP
(Symbolic Blood Pressure) 24 hours. This system is very
helpful for hospital staff to work more productively. [4]
Detection and display of heartbeat rate through IOT based
sensor, also for a person at home. This system can also be
used in hospitals, all patients are observed by a person in a
server room. If this technology is developed then we will be
able to discover heart blockage through this technology in the
future. [8] Presented a new deep neural network approach to
categorize AF, continuously using a CNN. Such an algorithm
is high, promising for deployment in a real-world setting. [9]
Deep Learning is used in the future to overcome the limitation
of dilated cardiomyopathy. [10] In the future, AI will provide
doctors with diagnostic tools, clinical decision systems, and
greatly developed workflows in electronic health records.
Due to its cost reduction, doctors diagnosed the real problem
of patients through online monitoring; they full fill their
duties in a better way. [11]
The purpose of this study is to develop the cardiac vascular
device that monitors the patients also in the medical field and
provides efficiency and more enhancement.[12] [13] It works
to eliminate working repetitively, increasing effort in the
treatment process, reducing time and money wastage.
Creating preventive care by Artificial Intelligence application
[14] the model proposed an AI-based calculation for
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arrhythmia classification and is more upgraded for all
arrhythmia detection. AI-based model is possible on a chip.
The model is simpler more flexible as in the future, patients
can use it to meet the real AIOT based cardiac disease
detection more smoothly.
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