T.

C YEDİTEPE UNIVERSITY

EE372 Fundamentals Of Power

Systems

Erhan Tombuloğlu
20180701070

Term Project: Transmission Line Modeling

22/12/2021
1) Address: Yenişehir Mah. Cumhuriyet Blv. Dumankaya Cadde Sitesi Yenişehir
Merkez Pendik/İstanbul

2) Three-Phase Three Bundled Transmission Line nearby Sabiha Gökçen Airport

3) I guessed the distance between the conductors, phases and the towers with looking
the photos which I have taken. Because I’m travelling on a highway therefore, I can’t
stop on the highway traffic. I measured the distance between the towers with the
odometer of the car. Also, I used Google Maps Street view to guess the distance
between the phases and conductors. I can’t take a picture next to the transmission
line because I was driving and there is no place to stop to car on the flowing traffic. I
tried to take a selfie from the front facing cam but I couldn’t be succeeded.
4)

3
5) Dsb = �𝐷𝐷𝑆𝑆 ∗ 𝑑𝑑 2 = �0.0494 ∗ (0.5)2 = 0.3514256678
3
𝐷𝐷𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 3�𝐷𝐷12 ∗ 𝐷𝐷23 ∗ 𝐷𝐷31 = √10 ∗ 10 ∗ 20 = 12.599
𝐷𝐷𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒
𝐿𝐿 = 2 ∗ 10−7 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 = 7.158749014 ∗ 10−7
𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠𝑏𝑏

𝑏𝑏 3 3
𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = √𝑟𝑟 ∗ 𝑑𝑑 2 = �0.01465 ∗ (0.5)2 = 0.154
3
𝐷𝐷𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 3�𝐷𝐷12 ∗ 𝐷𝐷23 ∗ 𝐷𝐷31 = √10 ∗ 10 ∗ 20 = 12.599

2𝜋𝜋∗𝜖𝜖0 2𝜋𝜋∗8.85∗10−12 𝐹𝐹/𝑚𝑚

𝐶𝐶 = 𝑏𝑏 ) 𝐹𝐹/𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝐶 = = 1.262 ∗ 10−11 𝐹𝐹/𝑚𝑚
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝐷𝐷𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 ⁄𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(12.599⁄0.154)

0.0120∗240
𝑅𝑅 = = 0.96Ω
3

𝐷𝐷𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 12.599𝑚𝑚, 𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠𝑏𝑏 = 0.3514256678𝑚𝑚 , 𝐷𝐷𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 0.154𝑚𝑚 R=0.96Ω

C = 1.262 ∗ 10−11 𝐹𝐹/𝑚𝑚 𝑍𝑍 = 𝑗𝑗53,97569595 Ω

Outside diameter of the Plover type conductor = 0.01465m
GMR (Geometric Mean Radius) of the plover type conductor = 0.0494m
Resistance value of the plover type conductor at 20⁰C = 0.0120 Ω
6) Nominal-π Circuit

For 240 km line L= 7.158749014 ∗ 10−7 ∗ 240000 = 171.8 𝐻𝐻

Inductive Reactance X= jwL =2πf*L

2𝜋𝜋 ∗ 50 ∗ 171.8𝐻𝐻
𝑋𝑋 = = 53.97569595 Ω
1000

For 240 km line C=1.262 ∗ 10−11 ∗ 240 = 3.0288 nF

𝑌𝑌 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 2𝜋𝜋 ∗ 50 ∗ 3.0288 ∗ 10−9 𝐹𝐹

= = = = 0.4757µ𝐹𝐹
2 2 2 2
7) Equivalent-π Circuit

1 1
X= 53.975 Ω R=0.96 Ω G= = = 1.0416Ω
𝑅𝑅 0.96Ω

−𝑋𝑋 −53.975
𝐵𝐵 = = = −0.0185Ω
|𝑍𝑍|2 (53.925)2

G+jB 1.0416−𝑗𝑗0.0185
G+jB = 1.0416 – j0.0185 = = 0.5208 − j0.00925
2 2

For 240 km line (0.5208 − j0.00925)*240000 = 124992-j2220

8) 𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 = 154 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
200 MVA
Power factor pf = cosꬿ=0.8 lag

*Nominal-π Circuit

𝑉𝑉𝑆𝑆 = 𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 + 𝑅𝑅𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝑍𝑍

𝐼𝐼𝐿𝐿 = 𝐼𝐼𝑅𝑅 + 𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶1
𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶1 = 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 = 𝑗𝑗(2𝜋𝜋 ∗ 50) ∗ (0.9515 ∗ 10−3 ) ∗ (154 ∗ 103 ) = 𝑗𝑗46034 𝐴𝐴

20∗106
𝐼𝐼𝑅𝑅 = = 93.725 𝐴𝐴
√3∗154∗103 ∗0.8

𝐼𝐼𝐿𝐿 + 𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶1 = 93.725 + 𝑗𝑗 + 46034 𝐴𝐴

1540000
𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 = = 88911.94 𝑉𝑉
√3

𝑉𝑉𝑆𝑆 = 𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 + 𝐼𝐼𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝑍𝑍

88911.94 + (93.725 + 𝑗𝑗46034) ∗ (0.96 + 𝑗𝑗53.975Ω)
88911.94 + 89.976 + 𝑗𝑗5058.806875 + 𝑗𝑗44192.64 − 2484685.15
−2395683.234 + 𝑗𝑗49251.44688
𝑉𝑉𝑆𝑆 = 2.346 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐼𝐼𝑆𝑆 = 𝐼𝐼𝐿𝐿 + 𝐼𝐼𝐶𝐶 = 93.725 + 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 + 𝑉𝑉𝐶𝐶
93.725 + 𝑗𝑗2𝜋𝜋 ∗ 50 ∗ (3.0288 ∗ 10−6 ∗ 𝑉𝑉𝐶𝐶 )
𝑉𝑉𝐶𝐶 = (𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐Φ + 𝐼𝐼𝑅𝑅 ) + 𝑗𝑗(𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠Φ + 𝐼𝐼𝑅𝑅 ∗ 𝑋𝑋)

= (88911.94 ∗ 0.8 + +93.725) + 𝑗𝑗(88911.94 ∗ 0.6 + 93.725 ∗ 53.975)

= 71129.55 + 58405.97088
𝐼𝐼𝑆𝑆 = 93.725 + (0.9514 ∗ 10−3 ) + 71129.55 + 𝑗𝑗58405.97088

= 711296.63917 + 𝑗𝑗58405.97088

𝐼𝐼𝑆𝑆 = 92036.31 𝐴𝐴
9) Electrical equivalent circuits are used to model energy transmission lines. These
equivalent circuits consist of R, L and C elements whose values change in proportion
to the length of the line. R represents the ohmic resistance of the line, L represents
the inductance of the line and C represents the sum of the capacitances of the line
conductors between each other and of the line relative to the ground. To obtain the
exact solution of long transmission lines and make the calculations to be completely
accurate, it should be considered that the line constants are uniformly distributed
along the line as in reality. The long transmission line model can be respresented by
the equivalent π circuit. Z’ and Y’ are used for the equivalent-π circuit of the long line
model instead of Z and Y in the nominal π circuit representation. Nominal-π is used
for medium power transmission line . It’s the representation of lumped parameters.
These analysis carried under steady state condition and circuit up to 160 km
transmission line. But the nominal-π equivalent circuit equation obtained for a
medium-length transmission line can also be used for long transmission lines.
Equavilent-π is used for long transmission line. System represents in terms of
distributed parameters. Nominal-π circuit gives relatively close results to the
Equivalent- π Circuit. We can compare the both circuits and we saw that Equivalent-
π gives the exact solution.