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  • 1) Why Steam

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    Karolina Bala Gadi
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    Steamflooding is used to increase oil recovery from reservoirs beyond what waterflooding alone can achieve. Primary recovery only recovers 5-10% of oil, waterflooding recovers 15-25%, while steamflooding can recover 50-80% of oil. Steamflooding works by reducing the viscosity of heavy oil making it easier to produce. As steam is injected it floats above the oil and water, creating a steam/liquid interface where the steam condenses and transfers heat to the reservoir, lowering the viscosity of the oil. This allows the oil to flow more readily through the reservoir to the production wells. The effectiveness of steamflooding depends on factors like injection rate, reservoir properties, and the viscosity reduction of

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    Steamflooding is used to increase oil recovery from reservoirs beyond what waterflooding alone can achieve. Primary recovery only recovers 5-10% of oil, waterflooding recovers 15-25%, while steamflooding can recover 50-80% of oil. Steamflooding works by reducing the viscosity of heavy oil making it easier to produce. As steam is injected it floats above the oil and water, creating a steam/liquid interface where the steam condenses and transfers heat to the reservoir, lowering the viscosity of the oil. This allows the oil to flow more readily through the reservoir to the production wells. The effectiveness of steamflooding depends on factors like injection rate, reservoir properties, and the viscosity reduction of

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    14 views8 pages

    1) Why Steam

    Uploaded by

    Karolina Bala Gadi
    Steamflooding is used to increase oil recovery from reservoirs beyond what waterflooding alone can achieve. Primary recovery only recovers 5-10% of oil, waterflooding recovers 15-25%, while steamflooding can recover 50-80% of oil. Steamflooding works by reducing the viscosity of heavy oil making it easier to produce. As steam is injected it floats above the oil and water, creating a steam/liquid interface where the steam condenses and transfers heat to the reservoir, lowering the viscosity of the oil. This allows the oil to flow more readily through the reservoir to the production wells. The effectiveness of steamflooding depends on factors like injection rate, reservoir properties, and the viscosity reduction of

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    of 8

    Why Steamflood ?

    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 1


    Steam Flood 101
    Why Steamflood?
    It’s all about recovery!

    Mechanism Oil Recovery

    Primary 5 - 10%
    Water Flood 15 - 25%
    Steam Flood 50 - 80%
    Duri
    California
    Iliran

    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 2


    Gravity and Viscous Forces

    Frontal Gravity
    Displacement Drainage

    Steam

    Steam Oil
    Oil

    Oil Rate Most Oil Rate Most


    Dependent On Dependent On
    Injection Rate Reservoir Parameters

    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 3


    Observation Well Core

    Steam Chest

    1 ft

    Saturated

    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 4


    The Steamflood
    Process
    Steam/Liquid
    Interface

    Steam
    Steam
    Water Condensate
    Condensate Mobilized
    Oil

    • Steam Floats
    • Steamflooding is an Interface Processor

    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 5


    Reduction in Oil Viscosity with Temperature

    2000
    1000
    500
     Oil Viscosity changes less
    12o API Oil
    100 with temperature for light
    oils than for heavy oils
    Viscosity, cp

    20o

    10  Oil Viscosity change for


    30o light oils is still significant
    1.0

    0.1
    0 100 200 300 400 500
    Temperature oF

    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 6


    Generalized Darcy’s Law

    k dp
    V= ( - gh)
     dx

    mobility pressure gravitational


    gradient force

    Displacement o kw
    mobility ratio, M =
    w ko
    Gravity Segregation
    density difference, = l - g
    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 7
    Darcy’s Law
    Oil Viscosity

    kkroh
    Oil Rate = f( )

    Project Surveillance and Heat Management Process - MRGIV 8

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