Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology

PRACTICAL WORKSHEET

PWS MOM 1

Tensile Test

Course: Bachelor in Aircraft Engineering Technology (Mechanical)

Subject Code: AAB 40803
Subject Name: Mechanics of Materials
Students Name: Id. No:

PART 1: EXPERIMENTAL

1. Required Tools & Equipment:

a. Universal Tensile Machine
b. Calipers

2. Required Materials:
a. Test coupon (Steel, Aluminium or Brass)

OBJECTIVE
1. Students are required to understand the principle of a uniaxial tensile testing and gain
their practices on operating the tensile machine to achieve the required tensile
properties.

2. Students are able to explain load-extension and stress-strain relationships and

represent them in graphical forms.

3. To evaluate the values of ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, breaking strength
and Young’s Modulus of the selected metals when subjected to uniaxial tensile loading.

4. Students can explain deformation and fracture characteristics of different materials

such as aluminium, steels or brass when subjected to uniaxial tensile loading.

Prepared by: Approved by:

Signature:

Name: MUNAWIRAH BINTI MOHAMAD AP DR KHAIRUL DAHRI BIN MOHD ARIS

Designation: Lecturer Deputy Dean Academic & Technology

MIAT_PWSMOM1 Rev.:0 19/8/2021

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PROCEDURE
1. The specimen provided is made of aluminium, steel or brass.

2. Measure the width and thickness of the specimen at several points and calculate its
mean diameter.

3. Marking the location of the gage length along the parallel length of specimen for
subsequent observation of necking and strain measurement.

4. Measure and record the gage length of the specimen.

5. Set the machine to grip the specimen between its gage marks. Extensometer is
attached on it to read the elongations during the testing.

6. Start the testing. The machine will apply the load slowly and all the data of loads,
extensometer readings will automatically recorded in computer. The testing will stop
once the specimen break.

7. Remove the specimen from machine and note the characteristics of the failure
surface.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Material of test coupon : Steel

Dimension of the test coupon (in mm):

Length, length of sample between grips 94mm

Width 10.2mm
Thickness 4.74mm
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a) Draw the stress and strain diagram for the test coupon.

b) What type of material behaviour can you infer; based upon the stress-strain diagram
you have drawn from question a).
Ductile Material
c) Based on the stress-strain diagram, answer the following questions:
 Calculate the Young’s Modulus for the test coupon
29.46 39−13.2790 2
=7.604 N /m
3.88 90−1.7613

 Determine the ultimate strength

Ultimate strength= 197.143

 Determine the breaking strength

Breaking strength= 126.196

d) Define the term Elastic? What is the elastic limit for the test coupon investigated?
Elastic it is state where that can return back to its original state.
Yield point is = 164.02
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e) Define Plastic? How does a plastic deformation can occur in a ductile material?
Plastic is a state where it cannot return to its original state. Plastic deformation
is said to be ductile if the material is able to undergo permanent deformation
by a stress greater than the yield stress. Ductile materials are able to recover
their original shape without any residual stress after the load is removed.

PART 2: SIMULATION (ABAQUS)

1. Draw the specimen in Abaqus software by referring to the dimension above.

2. Do the finite element analysis on the specimen by choosing one load value from
experimental data. Find the Von Misses Stress value obtained in Abaqus and compare
the result with stress value that been calculated in Part 1 for the same load taken.
Calculate the percentage of difference stress value obtained from experimental and
simulation. (Attach here the picture of stress contour from Abaqus)

3. From the data given below, make a hole to the centre of specimen and determine the
maximum diameter hole that can be drilled, so that it will fulfilled the limitation of stress
value given below. (Attach here the picture of stress contour from Abaqus)

Material Steel Brass Aluminium

Load applied 2000 N 2500 N 4500 N
Poisson’s ratio 0.3 0.31 0.33
Maximum stress 375 MPa 420 MPa 300 MPa

Lecturer: Signature:

Date: