2D Problems in Elasticity

1. Introduction
2. Fundamental Principles of Analysis
3. Plane Strain Problems
4. Plane Stress Problems
5. Airy’s Stress Function
6. Solution of Elasticity Problems
7. Thermal Stresses

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Introduction
 Mechanics of materials and theory of elasticity
• consider elastic materials
• Both must rely on the conditions of equilibrium and relationship btw strain stress
• Difference lies in the extent to which the strain is described and in the types of
simplifications employed

 Mechanics of materials
• uses assumed deformation and strain distribution
• results in average stress at a section
• is suited for relatively slender members

 Theory of elasticity
• does not rely on a prescribed deformation mode
• deals with general equations
• yields solutions more closely approximating the actual distribution of strain,
stress and displacement (due to material anisotropy, boundary conditions, etc.

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Fundamental Principles of Analysis
 Three aspects of solid mechanics problems
• Conditions of equilibrium: The equations of statics must be satisfied
throughout the bod
• Stress-strain relations: Material properties (constitutive relations such as
Hooke's law) must comply with the known behavior of the material involved
• Conditions of compatibility: The geometry of deformation and the distribution
of strain must be consistent with the preservation of body continuity

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Fundamental Principles of Analysis

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Fundamental Principles of Analysis

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2D Problems in Elasticity

1. Introduction
2. Fundamental Principles of Analysis
3. Plane Strain Problems
4. Plane Stress Problems
5. Airy’s Stress Function
6. Solution of Elasticity Problems
7. Thermal Stresses

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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Plane Strain Problems

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2D Problems in Elasticity

1. Introduction
2. Fundamental Principles of Analysis
3. Plane Strain Problems
4. Plane Stress Problems
5. Airy’s Stress Function
6. Solution of Elasticity Problems
7. Thermal Stresses

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Plane Stress Problems

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Plane Stress Problems

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Plane Stress Problems

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Plane Stress Problems

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Plane Stress Problems

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Plane Stress Problems

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2D Problems in Elasticity

1. Introduction
2. Fundamental Principles of Analysis
3. Plane Strain Problems
4. Plane Stress Problems
5. Airy’s Stress Function
6. Solution of Elasticity Problems
7. Thermal Stresses

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Airy’s Stress Function

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Airy’s Stress Function

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Airy’s Stress Function

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Airy’s Stress Function

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2D Problems in Elasticity

1. Introduction
2. Fundamental Principles of Analysis
3. Plane Strain Problems
4. Plane Stress Problems
5. Airy’s Stress Function
6. Solution of Elasticity Problems
7. Thermal Stresses

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Solution of Elasticity Problems
 Solution approaches
• Direct Method: requires formidable effects
• Inverse Method: requires examination of the assumed solutions with a view
toward finding one that will satisfy the governing equations and boundary
conditions.
• Semi-Inverse Method: requires the assumption of a partial solution formed by
expressing stress, strain, displacement, or stress function in terms of known or
undetermined coefficients.

 Linear combination of polynomials and undetermined coefficients of the

stress function Φ.
 Fourier series
 Finite difference method (approximate)

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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Solution of Elasticity Problems

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2D Problems in Elasticity

1. Introduction
2. Fundamental Principles of Analysis
3. Plane Strain Problems
4. Plane Stress Problems
5. Airy’s Stress Function
6. Solution of Elasticity Problems
7. Thermal Stresses

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Thermal Stresses
 Strain caused by uniform temperature change
• The resultant expansion or contraction of the uniform temperature change
occurs in such a way as to cause a cubic element of solid to remain cubic.

• Normal strains occur in each direction unaccompanied by normal stresses.

• There are neither shear strains or shear stresses.

• Thermal stresses will occur

1) if the boundary restricts the expansion or contraction,
2) if the material exhibits anisotropy, or
3) if a nonuniform temperature is subjected

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Thermal Stresses

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Thermal Stresses

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Thermal Stresses

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Thermal Stresses

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Thermal Stresses

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Thermal Stresses

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