HOME WORK

CHAPTER-1
SOLUTION

1. State Henry's Law. What is the significance of KH?

2. Concentration terms such as mass percentage, ppm, mole fraction and molality are
independent of temperature, however molarity is a function of temperature. Explain.
3. Ethylene glycol (molar mass = 62 g mol¹) is a common automobile antifreeze. Calculate
the freezing point of a solution containing 12.4 g of this substance in 100 g of water.
Would it be advisable to keep this substance in the car radiator during summer? Given: Kf
for water = 1.86K kg/mol, Kb, for water = 0.512K kg/mol
4. Give reasons for the following:
(a) At higher altitudes, people suffer from a disease called anoxia. In this disease, they
become weak and cannot think clearly.
(b) When mercuric lodide is added to an aqueous solution of KI, the freezing point is
raised.
5. State Henry's law correlating the pressure of a gas and its solubility in a solvent and
mention two applications of the law.
6. Calculate the temperature at which a solution containing 54 g of glucose, (C6H12O6) in
250 g of water will freeze. (Kffor water = 1.86 K mol kg).
7. State Raoult's law for solutions of volatile liquids. Taking suitable examples explain the
meaning of positive and negative deviations from Raoult's law.
8. Define the term osmotic pressure. Describe how the molecular mass of a substance can
be determined by a method based on measurement of osmotic pressure?
9. Define osmotic pressure. How is it that measurement of osmotic pressures is more widely
used for determining molar masses of macromolecules than the rise in boiling point or
fall in freezing point of their solutions?
10. Derive an equation to express that relative lowering of vapour pressure for a solution is
equal to the mole fraction of the solute in it when the solvent alone is volatile.
11. When I mole of NaCl is added to 1 litre of water, the boiling point of water increases. On
the other hand, addition of 1 mole of methyl alcohol to one litre of water decreases the
boiling point of water. Explain why does this happen.
12. Calculate the freezing point depression expected for 0.0711 m aqueous solution of
Na2SO4. If this solution actually freezes at -0.320°C, what would be the value of van't
Hoff factor? (Kf, for water is 1.86°C mol ¹).
13. A solution is made by dissolving 30 g of a non-volatile solute in 90 g of water. It has a
vapour pressure of 2.8 kPa at 298 K. At 298 K, the vapour pressure of pure water is 3.64
kPa Calculate the molar mass of solute.
14. Find the molarity and molality of a 15% solution of H₂SO4 (density of H₂SO4 = 1.020 g
cm- ,Atomic mass: H = 1, 0 = 16, S = 32 amu).
15. A solution prepared by dissolving 1.25 g of oil of winter green (methyl salicylate) in 99.0
g of benzene has a boiling point of 80.31°C. Determine the molar mass of this compound.
(B.P. of pure benzene = 80.10°C and K, for benzene = 2.53°C kg mol-¹)
16. 18 g of glucose, C6H12O6 is dissolved in 1 kg of water in a saucepan. At what
temperature will water boil at 1.013 bar? K, for water is 0.52 K kg mol-1 .
17. a) Define the terms osmosis and osmotic pressure. Is the osmotic pressure of a solution a
colligative property? Explain.
(b) Calculate the boiling point of a solution prepared by adding 15.00 g of NaCl to 250.00
g of water. (K, for water = 0.512 kg mol¹),
(Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g)
18. A solution prepared by dissolving 8.95 mg of a gene fragment in 35.0 mL of water has an
osmotic pressure of 0.335 torr at 25°C. Assuming the gene fragment is a non-electrolyte,
determine its molar mass.
19. a) Define any two of the following terms:
(i) van't Hoff factor
(iii) Ebullioscopic constant
Iii mole fraction
20. At 25°C the saturated vapour pressure of water is 3.165 kPa (23.75 mm Hg). Find the
saturated vapour pressure of a 5% aqueous solution of urea (carbamide) at the same
temperature. (Molar mass of urea = 60.05 g mol-¹)

CHAPTER-2
ELECTROCHEMISTRY

21. Resistance of a conductivity cell filled with 0.1 mol L KCl solution is 100 2. If the
resistance of the same cell when filled with 0.02 mol L-¹ KCl solution is 520 2. Calculate
the conductivity and molar conductivity of 0.02 mol L-¹ KCl solution. The conductivity
of 0.1 mol L KCl solution is 1.29 S/m.
22. Explain Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions. Mention one application of
 Kohlrausch's law.
23. The conductivity of 0.001028 mol L-¹ acetic acid is 4.95 × 10-5 S cm-¹. Calculate its
dissociation constant if A, for acetic acid is 390.5 S cm² mol-¹.
24. Write the Nernst equation for the cell reaction in the Daniel cell. How will the Ecell be
affected when concentration of Zn²+ ions is increased?
25. A zinc rod is dipped in 0.1 M solution of ZnSO4. The salt is 95% dissociated at this
dilution at 298 K. Calculate the electrode potential (E0Zn/Zn =-0.76 V)
26. Calculate the potential (emf) of the cell
Ca| Cd2+ (0.10 M) || H (0.20 M)| Pt, H₂ (0.5 atm)
(Given E for Cd2+ / Cd=-0.403 V, R=8-314 JK mol ¹, F=96,500 C mol-¹).
27. The standard cell potential for Daniel cell is 1.1 V. Calculate the standard Gibbs energy
for
Zn(s) + Cu²+ (aq) Zn²+ (aq) + Cu(s) [Given: F = 96487 C mol ¹]
28. Calculate the standard free energy change and maximum work obtainable for the reaction
occurring in the cell: (Daniel cell).
Zn (s) | Zn²+ (1 M) || Cu²+ (1 M) | Cu (s) =-0.76 V, E Cu /Cu = 0 0.34 V, F = 96,500 C
mol [Given E Zn/Zn
29. Why does galvanic cell become dead after some time
30. Write the anode and cathode reaction occouring in a commonly used mercury cell. How
is the overall reaction represented?
31. Write the cell reaction of a lead storage battery when it is discharged. How does the
density of the electrolyte change the battery is discharged?
32. Why on dilution the λm of acetic acid increase drastically. Ehile that of CH3COONa
increase gruadlly.
33. Two half-reactions of an electrochemical cell are given below:
MnO4- (aq) +8H+(aq)+5e- Mn2+(aq)+ 4H2O+ , E0=+1.51
Sn²+ (aq) →→→→ Sn4+ (aq) + 2e, E° = +0.15 V
Construct the redox equation from the standard potential of the cell and predict if the
reaction is reactant favoured or product favoured.
34. Express the relation among cell constant, resistance of the solution in the cell and
conductivity of the solution. How is molar conductivity of a solution related to its
conductivity?
35. The molar conductivity of a 1.5 M solution of an electrolyte is found to be 138.9 S cm²
mol¹. Calculate the conductivity of this solution.
36. The electrical resistance of a column of 0.05 M NaOH solution of diameter 1 cm and
length 50 cm is 5.55 x 10³ ohm. Calculate its resistivity, conductivity and molar
conductivity.
37. Calculate the emf of the cell of Zn/Zn²+ (0.1 M) || Cd²+ (0.01 M)/ Cd at 298 K,
[Given E0 Ag+/Ag=-0.80 V and E0 Cu²+/Cu = -0.34 V]