Three Stories From Our Glorious PastPublication No: 375 Three Stories From Our Glorious Past Dr B Abdur Rahim Publisher =z Islamic Foundation Trust [- 138, IFT Lane, Perambur High Road, Chennai - 600 012. Indiathe publisher. © ISLAMIC FOUNDATION TRUST, CHENNAI. Allrights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or translated or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from Three Stories From Our Glorious Past First Edition (): ISBN. Size Price Author Publisher Printed at Balaji Books Oct 2020 978 81 232 03720 5.5" X 8.5" = 80.00 Dr. V. Abdur Rahim Director, Translation Centre King Fahd Glorious Qur'an Printing Complex Madinah Munawwarah, K.S.A. ISLAMIC FOUNDATION TRUST 138, IFT Lane, Perambur High Road Chennai - 600 012, India Ph: +91 44 2662 4401, 4332 6446 E-mail : iftchennail2@gmail.com Website : www.iftchennai.inCONTENTS Publisher's Note Preface ... Acknowledgement Notes on indicating the abwab Notes on Abbreviations The Three Stories: “* He Who Collected Hadith Disguised as a Beggar... 11 a) Lexical Notes b) Additional Notes . c) Exercises * He Returned To Everyone Their Purse a) Lexical Notes ...........::00cccceee eee 48 b) Additional Notes c) Exercises ....... * Where Is Allah Then: a) Lexical Notes . b) Additional Notes c) ExercisesVs ° In the Name of Allah the Most Beneficent the Most MercifulPublisher’s Note All praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings of Allah be upon His last Messenger, Muhammad, his household and his Companions. We have great pleasure in presenting to our readers all over the world this latest work of the great Arabic scholar, Dr V. Abdur Rahim, titled Three Stories From Our Glorious Past. Like some of his previous works, this book contains three annotated texts from the early Islamic period. We earnestly hope that students of Arabic who have already completed the author's Madinah Arabic Programme and have read his other books will immensely benefit from this book. We thank Allah subhanahit wa tala for helping us to publish this book, and hope He will continue to help us to publish books which facilitate the learning of the language of the Glorious Qur'an. Chennai, H. Abdur Rageeb 20 September 2020 General Secretary Islamic Foundation TrustPreface All praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the universe, and peace and blessings of Allah be upon the last of His Messengers, our Prophet Muhammad, his household and his Companions. ‘This book titled Three Stories From Our Glorious Past contains three annotated texts from the early Islamic period. As my aim in such works is to bring the readers closer to the Glorious Qur’an, and to teach them as many Quranic words and grammatical patterns as possible, I have given in this book also copious Qur’anic quotations to illustrate grammatical points. In order to benefit from these materials to the utmost, the reader is advised to read the ayatin full and in their contexts. In conclusion, I thank Allah the Exalted for helping me to write this book, and sincerely pray for His help to serve the language of His Glorious Book better. ue (il Qtek Gay ‘Our Lord! Accept (this) from us, for You, You alone, are the Hearer, the Knower.' (Q2:127) Madinah, Vv. Abdur Rahim 1“ Muharram 1442 AHAcknowledgement I sincerely thank the following friends who proofread the manuscript and revised it. I have greatly benefitted from their corrections and valuable suggestions: * Shaikh Tanveer Iahi of Bengaluru, India. * Eng. Abdur Rahman Master of Mangalore, India. “ Mr Muhammad Taha (Peter Wood Young) of USA now living in Malaysia. : * Mr Ahmad Fuad bin Abdul Rahim of Kota Bharu, Malaysia. My sincere thanks are also due to Mr Salih al-Nawwar of Madinah whose help in solving the many technical problems was invaluable. My thanks are also due to Mr I. Jalaludeen and Mr Ashraf Ali of Islamic Foundation Trust, Chennai, for their tireless efforts to have the book printed within a very short time. May Allah subhanahii wa tala reward them all. The AuthorNotes on indicating the abwab of mujarrad & mazid verbs The abwab of the mujarrad verbs are indicated thus: Bho nae deren Wow (a-u1) inet le (a-i) Lid & 3 (i-a) SS | S299 (ri) A ruba? mujarrad verb is indicated thus: = (rub) The abwab of the mazid verbs are indicated thus: 8 ii ee iii oat iv aii v jeu vi eat vii jo viii ss ix fadeat x A verb is mentioned in the madi followed by its masdar, The mudari‘ is mentioned only when it has some abnormality.Note on Abbreviations Q stands for the Glorious Qur’an, and is used in referring to an 4yah, e.g.: Q2:17 means: Strah No 2, and ayah No 17. AN stands for Additional Notes. Reference to the Additional Notes which appear after each story is provided in the Lexical & Grammatical Notes section in this way [AN#]. D stands for my book Duriis al-Lughat al- ‘Arabiyyah. D3:28 means: Duriis al-Lughat, Part 3, Lesson 28. 10LIS py qd) Baqiyy ibn Makhlad (201-276 AH/817-889 CE) was a great Andalusian scholar of fadith and tafsir. Titles like imam, qudwah (role model), shaykh al-Islam, hafiz have been conferred on him. This text is from the famous Siyar AYam al- Nubala? (@%X3) ef 2.) by Imam Shams al-Din al-Dhahabiyy (d 748 AH/1374 CE). It is an encyclopaedic work and is in 25 volumes. It is from Vol. 13: 292-294. On the basis of some internal evidence, the author expresses doubt about Baqiyy's meeting with Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal. But as the narrative does not involve issues concerning the ‘aqidah, I have included it in the book. atNG op Cyd Jet Ly oka oe AD! OWS, ius Sp Se ABS: Le of ba wis GES OE: Ju of dal swt BB e, . or . - 447 eee a - Fy e CH b hus Cb Cade g he Hy abe foe 4 of a2 tok |. or to 8 ’ Agi tly al LATS Gl gL LS, (Sky BG ee aly ade fy Gate ot) dy GT of oe ob cca Od a as bhi SE ISS 2 - : ° ot GF BN ee OSG uy: Gls ay Che oS J ii Gulia hy 5 a 8 S supa JsHe Who Collected Hadith Disguised As A Beggar Some scholars have reported on the authority of a book by Bagiyy's grandsons ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad who said: T heard my father say: My father travelled from Makkah to Baghdad, and he was a man whose aim was to meet Abmad ibn Hanbal. He said: When I approached (Baghdad), I got news of the mihnah, and that he is not allowed (to meet people). I was greatly grieved. I got down in Baghdad, and rented a room in a hotel. Then T went to the Friday Mosque intending to mix with the people. I was led to a noble lecture group. And to my surprise, there was a man who was lecturing on the rawis of hadith. | was told that this (scholar) was Yahya ibn Ma‘in. This was an opportunity appearing before me. I stood up to him, and said to him: Father of Zakariyya! May Allah have mercy on you! I am a stranger far away from home who likes to ask you some questions, so please do not think I am impolite. He said, Ask.Loe likly 55 La RS ee Gib, GE Gs ay Ie Lake Sas gf: od Jw Sra os Ul OF we, GBF Is Saath Ou 2 wali Lined Cid uted, 9S ie ig af 08 By es Spots JAS Le Lan: pa ob Laity uf Cbs I bay : J Sub Sacthe (y hs Be fe nal mes Caplin fUy BB Ieiat 2 Danks Sos < pales cle gael J, 25 de duet ins wll z coat ewily CESS cAghe- Ma Gi BU Lae 5 2 be uy: ele : ieee Clb ify Uti dbs 5 J 5 ooSo I asked him about some (Hadith scholars) I had met. He applauded some of them, and criticized others. I asked him about Hisham ibn ‘Ammar. He said, 'Abti 1-Walid who leads the prayer in Damascus? ‘Trustworthy, nay, more than trustworthy. If he were to be wearing arrogance under his cloak, or wearing a necklace of arrogance, that would not harm him the least in view of his goodness and erudition.' The members of the group shouted (at me) saying, "That is enough — May Allah have mercy on you —. Others also have questions.' I said — while still standing - 'Tell me about only one man, Ahmad ibn Hanbal.' He looked at me as if in astonishment, and said to me, ‘The like of us! We judge Ahmad!? He is an imam of the Muslims, the best and the most erudite of them.' I went out trying to reach Ahmad ibn Hanbal, and I was shown his residence. I knocked his door, and he came out to see me. I said (to him), ‘Father of Abdullah! I am a stranger from a far-off land. This is my first entry to this city. I am a student of hadith, 15Af Bo: Sus GY gb, LA Wy gh say: Gus delecw 2 wt airy, ade Sales’ ce del: Lis $a A: ua (cai) all : oi ee) SY BO oa ty. GAT Kay CSTE OS by dnd sayy Os Ju 2 Sah ae os Gu ae Jie Gb oe Do y yams uty hd UGf ley gill Eh: el i533 gE AT BT Sp Gate a by ks teu Ul ae 3a cs sate YI eS at sb isl BUS ad ST aeand write down the Sunnah. And my journey is only to meet you.' He said, 'Come into the porch, and let none have a glimpse of you.' I got in. He said to me, 'Where are you from?' I said, The Far West.' He said, ‘Africa?’ I said, ‘Farther than Africa. From my country I cross the sea to (reach) Africa. My country is Andalusia.’ He said, ‘Your place is really faraway. Nothing is dearer to me than to help one like you. But I am being persecuted (now) for what I hope might have come to your knowledge.’ ~ I said, 'Yes, it has come to my knowledge. I am a newcomer, and not personally known in your place. If you permit me ‘to come (to you) every day disguised as a beggar, and call out at the door what beggars are wont to say (I will do so). You come to this place. Even if you report to me one single hadith every day, that will be enough for me.'Ste Vy clic eb y Of b53 le qu: dla sto by ly gy Lab ET EG by Os ed ham aM : nel aU gly BHM wipe ol, UGS Stas NE y adit SM, Duy ed chads GR, Gy ES Been ao) okey oy cad fda ou oo aus orgy Bae ib} ele, Gal bb go ale eos ab a eb emis soos 18He said, ‘But on condition that you do not inform this to the people, nor to the scholars of hadith .' I said, 'I accept your condition." I used to carry a staff in my hand, and tie a dirty rag round my head, and go to his door and cry out, alajr rahimakallah, and the beggars there did likewise. He would come out to me and close the door. He would then teach me two, three or more ahadith. I continued this till the caliph who persecuted him died, and one who followed the Sunnah succeeded him. Ahmad appeared in public, and his position as an imam became known. He would recognize my right for having patiently undergone the tribulations, and when I attended his lecture, he would make room for me (to be close to him). He would also narrate my story to the students of hadith. 19LEXICAL & GRAMMATICAL NOTES 1) as in ae AE is mayrir because it is a badal of 28>. 2) Ww, SS By (a-a), to travel. [AN4]. 3) Ww wish, desire. * ees i (a-i), to seek. [AN2] 4) sly Gude 39 SY (ili), to meet. Se 3 nal ide Ua ead oy: Here the ol OWS is the hidden pronoun which refers to J in the previous sentence. The ols * is 3h, and the nominal sentence aat su 433 is a cod of the khabar 325. Here is a translation: He was a man whose aim was to meet Ahmad. 5) us & J (-a), to approach. * Allah subhanahu wa tala said to Adam 32) se and to his wife: SA . (2 Yj, And do not approach this tree ... (Q2:35). 204 eee we ot . 6) Gees! os! (viii), to test, examine. * aes, trial and tribulation. * 43../! (Persecution) refers to the persecution of the ‘ulama’, especially of imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal because of the 31a) GL controversy. Contrary to the orthodox Islamic belief that the Glorious Qur’an is the uncreated Word of Allah, the Muttazilites (ih) under the influence of Greek philosophy held that the Qur’an was created. The ‘Abbasid Caliph al- Ma’miin adopted this view and issued a proclamation in 827 CE making it the state creed. Government officials who did not subscribe to this view were persecuted. This policy was continued by two of his successors, al-Mu‘tasim and al-Wathiq. The third successor al-Mutawakkil discontinued it in 848 CE a short time after his succession. The one who underwent the severest torture under this law was imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal. or 868 ~ = 7) & gee “ly: The pronoun ‘ refers to imam Ahmad, and & yer means that he is prevented from 21meeting others. In modern parlance, he was under house arrest. 8) Ce “ay he (a-u), to sadden. * Lalas sl (viii), to be saddened, to grieve. ® fa GA oa t Note that te Ge p26! is, like lyse uh wi v . where the verb and the masdar are from different babs. See D3:28. 23, ppt ee 9) Vole a4 IKI [> (a-w), to get down, to come to stay. * YEA 4 5 OIG! S41 (viii), same as J [ANS ]. 10) Gidi 2557 (iv), to rent out the house to somebody. It takes two objects as you can see. G>+S! (viii), to rent (a house), to hire a means of transport. * * .\S, rent. [AN4] | aot 4 ae are ee 11) Gas Bly C2551: Here &2j means a room, or rather a suite. ate? . * The word 3.3 is an old word. Al-Jawaliqi (d 540 AH) mentions it in his a/-Mu‘arrab (see p 468 of my edition). It is from the Greek Tavdoxelov meaning an inn. ° |12) a is actually eh Sent meaning the Friday mosque. Note that in some countries there are small mosques where Friday salah is not conducted. [AN5] 13) us, (literally, a group of people sitting in a circle) a group of students studying under a professor, pl as Sle ie, 14) Las zs (a-a), to push. 15) ee noble, respectable. 16) USE Joo BB: This is Sle) 13), The noun coming after Gnd) 131 is (42s, and it can be nakirah. The [325 may take an extra ba’ (as here) in which case it is Uadi 3 but sg 8 A. The khabar of the mubtada’ may be omitted as in the following example: 3—b AJ Ls GE for 56 “hah 6 &&5 (I went out and surprisingly it was raining.) 17) cax* bp 2x (158-233 AH) was one of the great authorities on Hadith and a biographer of the rawk. He has been called edly cl all, ie, 23the imam of the science of edt 'y cas which deals with the critical evaluation of the reporters of the Prophetic traditions. 18) JA) : In the Science of Hadith, this word means the reporters of hadith (Cacell 3). 19) ws ze (a-i): to split, open up. * moh, an opening, aperture. * a3 3 oa : This is a metaphorical expression meaning that an opening has appeared in a place which was completely closed. 20) 153 af is his kunyah. The kunyah is made up of the word A (father of ...) followed by the name of the man's eldest son. In Arab culture, it is polite to refer to a man by his kunyah. When a man is addressed by his kunyah, he is likely to listen to you with more attention than if he is addressed by his name. Note that no honorifics are prefixed to the kunyah. You say 3% hh not Jd»! eet, 2421) «-- Lae “eS : Here 5 is the Khabar of i which has been omitted. 22) ob is Jew wl of ub ty &E (aa), to be far away. [ANG] 23) ore stranger, pl Buy. [AN7] 24) 2h, homeland, pl sey 25) his. pin) is (a-u), to treat someone harshly, to be unfriendly. * JsG-, rude, impolite, unfriendly. . sloestel el (x), to consider someone to be rude. 26) sti) ah (i (i-a), to meet. 27) iss SS (ii), to commend. 28) Co Cakly 55 Lad: Here Lav is 4 J Au, 29) te z> (a-a), to wound, (in hadith criticism) to criticize, to expose someone's faults and weak points. te, tke eae pe 30) By Wy GF w SS (4), to trust. ‘ - * 4%, trustworthy, pl ow, 2531) J: As you might have studied, this particle denotes an unfulfilled condition in the past, e.g. ah La ss re wet ‘) Had we been five minutes late, we would have missed the flight. Note that 3 also denotes a_ hypothetical condition, e.g.: £U3 canary WK cg ‘J If I were you, I would not have done so. 32) eld 4, outer garment, pl %>°)), 33) 3, necklace, pl Le, [AN8] * als (v), to wear a necklace. 34) oS, pride, arrogance. 35) ie Peas en (a-u), to harm. | 36) (ates teal zc (a-i), to shout, to yell. [AN9] 37) aus S Xs (a-i), to suffice, be enough. * OLS : Its eu has been omitted. It may be something like this: eit oS, 38) las ecg oF Gas (a-i), to bring to light, to reveal, disclose. 2639) ices ned (v), to wonder, be astonished. 40) #YS Sas sgt oe 33 (axu), to show, to lead, to guide. * ele Ls, I was shown‘his house, I was given information about it. eo eggil mrs Saga (x), to ask to be shown, to ask information. 41) jp, residence, house. 42) &°5 #33 (a-a), to knock. [AN10] 43) 0 gh Lae b5: Here si) gv is Ly 2b. [ANa4] 44) AU! ie beh UY i: Here (3a is the 4 Jynt of the masdar Je: and Ais! is its badal. 45) Nee wis (ii), to write down. 46) a1 petal, porch. (See R. Dozy's Supp/ément aux Dictionnaires Arabes, 1/22), but he writes it with a .». It is a Persian loanword. 47) Be one ef V5: Lit., let no eye fall on you, i.e., let no one have a glimpse of you. 27This is iat Y, and the verb is majziim. The verb is masculine for two reasons: a) “5 is a grammatical feminine, and ‘b) it does not directly follow the verb. 48) im 'y# means place. But he means by his question $22.2 5 at Where do you come from? 49) Tho Kh 3 (a-u), to pass, to travel (through). 51) 56, help, assistance. 52) Ula} egal oi3-f (iv), to do something properly, or in the best way. 53) ) & : He uses a because the previous statement has an element of doubt in it. 54) oo j sees, an unknown person. 55) ty YW 3 oaf (i-a), to permit. [AN42] 56) (3 of 3 cist 2: ‘Here the 2) Ol has been omitted which is : ee. 57) Ss dress. Here it means guise, pl sui [AN13] 2858) “ye, beggar. Allah subhanahii wa ta Qla says: 5 55% ji Gi, As for the beggar, do not reproach (him). (Q93:10). Its plural is oe like G5 (pl of a) and “us (pl of “3lS). 59) tty wa (ii), to report'a hadith. 60) 4's, condition, pl by’. 61) (sab 5b (a-a), to appear. af heb “abi (iv), to make something appear, to disclose. Here the a J pais has been omitted. He means that Baqiyy should not disclose his meeting to the public or to the scholars of hadith. 62) Lae, walking stick. Its dual is \y22, and the plural is coat which is changed from the original & pab like & ee. The plural cab has another form teat where the letter ¢ takes a kasrah in sympathy with the kasrah of its neighbour .2. This is known as vowel harmony. [AN14] 2963) ste ab SBT tals: Note that gga after ols” denotes a continued action. 64) W Lal Sa (au), to wrap up, roll up, wind. [AN15] 65) Be, rag, pl 5. It is derived from G{> (a-i) meaning fo tear. 66) 7.3, dirt. The verb is LuJ3 G sil) 4.3 (i-a), to get dirty. Ls 42.55 (ii), to make something dirty. * ass Bey : This suggests that the rag was made dirty for this purpose. [AN16] 67) ai Gey) BY: Note &VWis 4% because of its being ell, [AN17] 68) ouis Bua Sean 3: This may be construed as : WIS (great gh ogy MA SHEay, 69) Boe! GU GIB (iv), to close. 70) ui ah aa (viii), to adhere, to keep up doing something. 71) 3 jS25: This is 452) 4Y. Note that J 2-4) is the same as 42.4, Another example of 4% sa avis 304 ee 35 5G (Q 85:16). The persecutor referred to here was Caliph al- Wathig (av {31 )) who died in 847 CE. 72) wY, an os (i-i), to become ruler. * Jip, ruler, pl iy. a 3 aoe Bin Seer nye ae 73) Adena) abe cle OS os okey (Jy: Here Lys is the Jel of the verb (J, and the sentence (Je olS 2) B15 is the Dye galt de 74) The Caliph who succeeded al-Wathiq was al-Mutawakkil (aI ae jeep, He became caliph in 847 CE, and the mihnah ended in 848 CE. 75) (Esl SE (a-u), to go up, to rise, to ascend. 76) (ead ns (a-a), to make room. * pal pen (v), to make room for one another. [AN48] 31ADDITIONAL NOTES AN4) In air tickets 71 as means flight number. AN2) . The Turkish letter c is pronounced like the Arabic ¢. AN6) The verb «sl occurs in the following ayah : “4-6 & 4 < 4 Dee pacers B27 corer ote U5 eB YL OSE oh Be Sy de OE oS SgAls Referring to the unbelievers trying to dissuade people from listening to the Prophet 2, Allah isfy GOEL says: They prevent (others) from (listening to) him, and also distance themselves from him. They ruin none but themselves, yet they are not aware of it. (Q 6:26. See also 17:83; 41:51). AN7) Here is a beautiful Aadith with the word et Bn Jf tah: Jo gs bv Go) by a we Le wie GaN 8 US» : Ue gly oe an 6416 + etd 65553 GE OES Bas olyy 33On the authority of of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar obec & Lge no tanwin while « 9» has? 6) Identify in the text the following types of verbs: Bl ob Le Jud aS! a edt 6 ty JASE wi 4B « eu iss Jui ise (d phd Guilt sla 55 ga Jul se wsdl Jo hs og OG 8 Me scbeee [ab ch 56(3) > of eau cn Ibn ‘Umar is, of course, ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar | ibn al-Khattab vee 51725 (10 BH-73 AH). This text is from the well-known book Sifat al- Satwah Goieall 4_t—e) by Ibn al-Jawzi (d 597 AH). It is from the edition of Dar al-Hadith, Cairo (1421 AH/2000 CE), p. 1:402. 57+ of aul cl eid yi gab fh ESE : BU JB oS as Cie eo al Deda Gy aust ws ot Lael et Ul : Le dS gg, Spel wle gl: Sua SS lh oh tie fe Gr dl Le Jus Ja i ging Ae aly poe isd al Sout: eu Sta op Ble aed of A Ua: JBy ab ON Cont ele “iL tgedd oy Oligh, Ws OLS Gls Glass y Vo deus Je 58Where is Allah then? Nafi‘ said, I went out with Ibn ‘Umar (25 us 4: to some areas in Madinah. He was accompanied by some friends of his. They put out a dining table. (At that time) a shepherd passed by them. Abdullah said to him, 'Come along, shepherd, and join us in food.' He said, 'I am fasting.’ Abdullah said to him, 'You are fasting on a day of such intense heat while you are grazing your sheep on these mountain tracks?’ The shepherd said, ‘I hasten (to compensate) for my past days.' Tbn “Umar i (3 wondered (at what he said). He said to him, 'Would you like to sell us a sheep? We will slaughter it and give you some mutton with which you can break your fast. And we will pay you its price. He said, 'The sheep are not mine. They belong to my master.’ 59sl Eu Gist: GB &y ayy au Oye of ths Gh : Ju ial yk yay oC ye Bh ay po atl Sat Sb pb: eh Me 2 ya eb NS Bs de et Ee SEALS oak aS a a Of se Ain GT ay, et ob Gs, 60Ibn ‘Umar Ue 5 <2 said, ‘What do you think your master will hopefully tell you if you tell him that a wolf ate it?’ (At this) the shepherd went away raising his finger towards the heaven and saying, ‘Where is Allah then?’ Nafi® said, Ibn ‘Umar U2 S135 kept on repeating, "The shepherd said, 'Where is Allah then?" Then he immediately went back to Madinah, and sent for the shepherd's master. He bought from him the shepherd! and the sheep. He then freed the shepherd and gave him the sheep. May Allah have mercy on him. + . This means that the shepherd was a slave. 61LEXICAL & GRAMMATICAL NOTES 1) ae (d117 AH) is one of the great tabitin of Madinah. He was a trustworthy rawi of hadith. 2) ie, side, area, direction, pl (etsy cle 3) te Laks (i-a), to accompany, to be a friend. * Cals, friend, pl U2. It is like Ls, pl of CS), but it means a group of people travelling together. Note that the plural of LS is Luce, so itisa eal — 4) Siu: if the mudafis required to nakirah, the mudaf ilayhi takes a Jam, e.g.: a (my brother), but (3 if (a brother of mine). 5) i, anything on which food is placed while eating, pl "ae, 6) “A trace, track, pl a, #98 *o 3) 3 <4, to closely follow someone. 7) 5 F2 SF) (aa), to graze. 62* (ey £h, shepherd, pl ae, * The o& ew! is | and means pasture, grazing land. 8) wes isa jx oo meaning Come! [AN1] 9) 4 : Note that if a manqiis noun is munada, its va is restored. 10) el nat sell | oy GAG! (iv), to have one's share. 5 EN ole be Loli wet) bls, Come along and . have your share of what is on the dining table. 11) 2S wat wa Lia je 3: This is ~ oS, [AN2] 12) (2%, mountain path, pl Gis, 13) ae, sheep and: goats. The word is feminine, e.g.: ee ois, A single member of this group is : 5, [AN3] 14) ae 596 (iii), to hurry, to hasten, to do something without delay. 15) Ls be; & (au), to be empty, to pass. 63«Ow! et, days gone by. [AN4] * gu aay Soul : The complete sentence can be construed as : spat os apt es au! tou I rush to my bygone days with compensation for the shortcomings. * re te 16) Lane ais Cont (i-a), to wonder. * (aa as CE (v), Lbnkz! ‘Ceol (x) also mean Gent. [ANS] 17) WyEG (a-i), to sell. It takes two objects, e.g.: ae Yu ss I sold my car to Bilal. 18) io 53> (a-u), to slaughter. * 5. butcher, and his profession is i Je. * Note that ioc which originally means a slaughter-house is mostly used in the sense of massacre, carnage, pl) jU.. * | 15-1 1 (viii) has the same meaning as 43>. 19) The sentence 2.5 is a cS of 3b, and likewise GLa. 6415) ae “ys : Here the Uperyali is the second # je of atigh!, and ale baat is Segall abe, and the pronoun 4— is the ¥&. 16) “8, price, pl out * Note that na ip means a costly or valuable thing. i. 17) (Se) 4, master. * (Nye): Note that the Kesh eli takes a an if the letter preceding it is f+. Here are some more examples: (534 «(s'Q <{s\33. This is to avoid ost etd, 18) Giue US: This is one of the +5) Suit, [ANe] 19) £43, wolf, pl Lua. * The article —a/ in Ca dist denotes Edel, (See my book Selections From the Glorious Quran, page 8). 20) acel, finger, pl etel, 65ses * aol aly : Here 4x20! is the 2 gh of the ism al-fail aa. 21) dyad e28 ofa Gs This construction means ‘he lost no time in going back to Madinah’, i-e.: he immediately went back to Madinah. [AN7] 99) i, master, pl Bus, « I is originally #5 as it is derived from 3U« 5,40. It is on the measure of i635 like ian is zil. Another plural like 35. is 12U, plural of ai which is originally Re. 23) wey fate AEN ef (iv), to free a slave, to emancipate. 4 aes 24) tx Lay C to donate. [AN8] te o {25 (a-a), to give freely, 66ADDITIONAL NOTES AN1) als is a J oo and is used in two meanings: a) come!, and b) bring! It remains unchanged in the ancient Hijazi dialect. It occurs in the Glorious Qur'an in both these meanings: ae tis abe eee CAT Mt 00% YH cesty eulth X. Sect i ee Allah knows well those of you who hold back (others from participating in fighting), and who tell their brethren, 'Come to us', and they hardly take part in fighting. (Q33:18) So Le Vom 655 BN kgs Git Sik a 4 che Say, ‘Bring your witnesses who can testify that Allah has forbidden this.’ (Q6:150) In the ancient dialect of Najd, it was used as a of Fa, 2 8 regular | jx} isnaded to the pronouns of the second person: 67asia igefy ch el ele vole salueh aly 2b * Note that the phrase 5 io “tg signifies continuity, e.g.: als, caadli be te’ peall GB OW , This dictionary was an authority when it was written, and continues to be so even now. AN2) There are two types of nat. a) ‘ae “33 which qualifies the o 9%, e.g.: rs b) — «33 which does not qualify its 4, but instead qualifies a noun connected to the ~ an with a pronoun, e.g.: iis je Hb? it eof Here the na ‘t Je does not qualify its man tit (A), but his handwriting. So the meaning is 'T am looking for a student with a beautiful handwriting.’ Here are some more examples: Age B59 fade Ly Gadd dy f @ 5M aly Gre done, 68dd Gat) 5 AKI EC ode SL pes Leth able a In the ae 35, the na‘ follows the man Mt only in two of the four points. These are: a) the case-ending, e.g.: ol Jylaithh Ciual e o wet Ufaxth Cut LIE 9 opt Sfakh Cu 6 LEE 0 b) being definite or indefinite, e.g.: BS a 1S af $y Cassell (SIU Win ok With regard to gender, the ma‘t has the same gender as that of the noun that follows it, e.g.: a s gad elas oat 3 Mlb LS Say ay f 2B tha Mbp OS With regard, to number, the na‘ is — singular as in the following ayah: ve eh ee Gal suai Lal de EFA ws Our Lord! Take us out of this city whose people are oppressors... (Q4:75). oS)AN3) pal consists of sheep (olay and goats (aly, All these three words occur in the Glorious Qur'an. The word ¢ occurs in Strat Taha: Regi Giaat A JE) wats a Bib Oma ky oy (ae ‘What is that in your right hand, Musa?’ He said, 'It is my staff. I lean on it and beat down (leaves) for my sheep and goats, and have other uses for it.' (Q 17-18). le Here is an 4yah wherein the words Jbes! and jx) occur: ON ool a5 et kat os GH (He has created) eight pairs: of the sheep two, and of the goats two ... (Q6:143). See also Q6:146; 21:78. 70AN4) Here is an 4yah wherein the words ayy * aS occur: Cpl Ais VALI G ts (38h i¥ (It will be said to them in Paradise) Eat and drink with wholesome appetite as a reward for what you did in the days gone by. (Q69:24) Note that when Arabs see somebody eating or has just finished eating say to him, 5 which is like bon appétit! ANS) U2, strange, odd, wonderful. It occurs twice in the Glorious Qur'an. Here are both ayac Bot 35 3H IG aaee B.D Ether ae C Sls 5GE Oke pode ol Ve & Nay, they are’ astonished that a warner should have come to them from among themselves. So the unbelievers say, 'This is a strange thing.’ (Q50:2) 715 2 ES Ys as 362 Ub th eas SHE (Ibrahim's wife) said, 'Woe is me! Shall I bear a child being an old woman, and this my husband an old man? This is indeed a strange thing.’ (Q11:72) Another word with this meaning is Gt which occurs in the following Ayal Ge sere Geel ahs Gan i Has he (Muhammad) reduced all the gods to one! This indeed is a very strange thing. (Q38:5). AN6) C25 G3: This is one of the «+5 Sua Like the particle i, it signifies hope or fear. Like O'S it has its ism and khabar, and its khabar is a mudari‘ verb with of prefixed to it, €.2.: Cyr 25 ie Op all Hopfully Allah will turn to them in Tersivenee, 72(Q9:1 02) 5 BS 4 tore oo ES 125 “ 5a os de ahi as Ke Ne Dre 5 5p WU) ee att ah Allah will hopefully create love between you and those of them with whom you are now at enmity. And Allah is All-powerful. Allah is All- forgiving, All-compassionate. (Q60:7). See D3:24. * Us dist Gb 3 ayy a Og of Ge ta: The meaning is that your master will not hopefully take any action against you if you tell him that a wolf took away one of your sheep. AN7) The expression more frequently used to convey the idea of doing something immediately is: US Js aed &, e.g. AY Sef ude call Ge GS of Gab edu ieee The thief immediately left the house after he had taken the valuable things. (Literally, he did not stay or hang around). It is used in the Glorious Qur'an, and occurs in the following ayah: 73Bae tk Be NG FE a0 Ths ae a; OAS Sak SEI Me And Our messengers (angels) came to [brahim with good news. They said (to him): Salam. He replied: Salam, and he immediately brought (to them) a roasted calf. (Q11:69). Note that in the roasting process known as aoe SI, the mutton, beef, etc. are roasted by placing them on heated stones. AN8) The amr from this verb is —. It occurs in the Glorious Qur'an seven times. Here is one of them: ° Thereupon Zakariyya prayed to his Lord saying, ‘My Lord! Grant me by Your grace a goodly offspring. You are indeed a Hearer of prayers.’ (Q3:38). 74Note that in the Yemeni dialect (J —& is used for give me. * One of the names of Allah subhanahit wa ta ‘ala is Lesh, * i gift, pl Sls. * Note that Lhe Usb means a gifted student. * isi, talent. * Note this important expression which now tends to be forgotten: o Stef eS suppose I am your brother. age 0 Co (st, suppose I forget. Note that in this sense it takes two objects, and that it is ss not 2 CA. So it is incorrect to say — as some people do - : Gai J i-& (See cl vy). 75EXERCISES 1) Who said this to whom?: eas ola ty Leb th (a ile lb ad op Oe af of Yo gai 236 (a 2) Give the plural of the singular nouns, and the singular of the plural nouns in the following: is oe Me oe 28 “ ipile ipod aut ‘oly Pie ela chee eles caret sp s 3) The plural of a is 36%, Form the plural of the following nouns on this pattern: fo i tb aye Shy “eb (pal afl 4) The plural Bu is cle. Form the plural of the following nouns on this pattern: 76Boe se ABE aald (bee ott 5) Use each of the following in sentences of your own: ° € 0% ae fee ae bh ne COPE Le ee GEE AE 8) GE ful a , ane) 6) Make each of the following word 3%, and vocalize it: Je) cuss cligal (ob cde. 7) Give an example of on 35 from your own composition. 8) Give two 4yat containing the verb ©33. In one of them it should be .24, and in the other os eas, ‘on 9) Vocalize the ya of is in the following: $s b BL Oo $e) Dae y al 0 Sei el eu) 0 7710) Is the word i ib occurring in the 4yah 5% LG tb me (Q105:3) singular or plural? If it is plural, what is its singular? REE 78Aer she Gy pail he UA) Sle atl Oye au EL all ots” tle (5s) sys ce 22 Bil a1441 ple Babs cos 92 Bi Le deal tae ho th, as! cyky » 2020 ley ale lis eo ou ey aot ns atony sl a aadhty . LAS Laghed pula y aren AST gle y tat Bpglay ale Bi he dt Spy oi: LNG ye I oo, Lisle ye? Sul, ly oiblall pF othe Gil bady : JU CAL ot, ee y he US deb dtp : JG nop! fab Sy she” gle ally 79Similar Books... Med ole) Oe ed Tne eats ORCC) OCR CRUE UN mS UL) feel Ue ROR UCL tells a story of a noble act. CRE Ue CR) to bring the readers closer to the language of the el eke ea UC RC) teach them as many eM UA onus) UE ern) feet oom MLE NCR 1h this book also copious Quranic quotations to re Me Ua tile Hylt 35-46 points, in order to benefit escola emer sea, 7 RU RUC ORL Pari ee eS Ao) Whaat Noes eal wy utmost, the reader is { ff ‘Seon Hele advised to read the dyat in SU RUM Ue Coy ry bar ais BM 978. 53-252. ISLAMIC FOUNDATION TRUST | CHENNAI - 600 012, India. ontee Nee