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1) ఆ��క్� �� �� ��: https://archive.org
2) ఉ�త ���ల �దయ్ �ం�ష� �� �� : www.freegurukul.org
3) �� �� �� �� : https://sites.google.com/site/sairealattitudemanagement
4) ��� ఆ�: Free Gurukul

గమ�క: భ�త్,�ఞ్న,ధరమ్ ���రధ్ం ఉ�తం� eBook �పం� ఆ��క్� �� స�యం� ఇవవ్డం జ��ం�. ఇ� ��రజ్న
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11
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12
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Q®°~¡° ^¥¼#O `Ç„æ¬ Q®`¼Ç O`Ç~O¡ …è^°Î . ZO^ΰH›O>è Q®°~¡°"Í ª÷HÆê`Ÿ „¬~ã¡ |‚¬ìà
Q®#°H›. WH› ‹¬O‰×†Ç°=òO_È#H›ø~¡ …è^°Î . Q®°~¡°=ô Hê"Œ…ì? …èH› ^Í=ô_È°
Hê"Œ…ì? Jx J_y`Í Q®°~¡°"Í Hê"Œx Ì„^Î큰 K³‡÷ë~¡°. ZO^ΰH›O>è,
h"Í ƒQ’ ®=O`Ç°_È°. h H›O>è "Í~ö …è_È°. J\÷“ *ìý#=ò Q®°~¡°=ô ^¥Þ~Œ
15
a‹¬°ëOk H›#°H› ^³=á =ò H›Æ¼"³°Ø`Í, Q®°~¡°=ô =¶~¡¾=ò.
^¥¼#=üO Q®°~Ë~¡¶àië—, „¬î*ì=üO Q®°~Ë—„¬^ÎO
=°Oã`Ç=üO Q®°~Ë~ŒÞH›¼O, "³¶H›Æ=üO Q®°~Ë— H›$‡÷ II
JO^ΰ=# ^¥¼xOKÇ=‹²#k Q®°~¡°=üië<Í. „¬î[ J`ÇxöH. Q®°~¡°=ô
JOkOKÍ ‹¬¶KÇ# "ŒH›¼"Í° Q®°~¡° =°Oã`Ç=ò. Q®°~¡°H›$„¬KÍ`Ç<Í H›Æ¼=ò
<³Ž"Í~¡°#°. JO^ΰ=# Q®°~¡°=ô<Í ^¥~¡} K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°. Q®°~¡°=ô<Í
ƒ’lOKÇ=…ÿ#°. Q®°~¡°=ô<Í ‹¬àiOKÇ=…ÿ#°. Q®°~¡°=ôöH #=°‹¬øiOKÇ=…ÿ#°.
N=°`Çæ~¡O ã|‚¬ìà Q®°~¡°O ^Î~Œq°,
N=°`Çæ~¡O ã|‚¬ìà Q®°~¡°O ƒ’*ìq° I
N=°`Çæ~¡O ã|‚¬ìà Q®°~¡°O ‹¬à~Œq°,
N=°`Çæ~¡O ã|‚¬ìà Q®°~¡°O #=¶q° II
‹¬=°~¡°Ö_³á# Q®°~¡°=ô t+¬µ¼x L^ÎœiOKÇQ®_È°. J\÷“ Q®°~¡°=ô#° H›#°Qù#°@
Z@°Á? WO`ÇQê ‰×~} ¡ ìQ®u ‡ÚOk#„¬C_È° Q®°~¡°=ô J#°ƒ’=Aý_È° HêxKË,
"³¶‹¬‡é†³°^Î~¡°. J~ò##° Q®°~¡°=ô#° JOKÇ<Œ "͆ǰQ® ‰×H÷ë t+¬µ¼xH÷
H›^¥? J~ò##° U Q®°~¡°=ô ª÷xß^¼Î =°O^ΰ z`Ç뉧Ou H›°¾<Ë, J_ÈQH® ›<Í
‹¬O‰×†°Ç =ò° f~¡°<Ë, J\÷“"Œ_Í q‚²ì`Ç Q®°~¡°=x †³°OKÇ°Hù#=KÇ°ó#°.
HùO`ÇHê=ò Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^Î qx# „²=°à@, J`Çxx =^΁°@†Ç¶? …èH›
‹ÔÞH›iOKÇ°@†Ç¶ ? Jx `́°óHù#=…ÿ#°. XH›ª÷i Q®°~¡°=ô#° ‹ÔÞH›iOz#
„²^΄¬, ãuH›~¡} ‰×ÃkœQê Q®°~¡°=ô#䛽 …Õ|_È=…ÿ#°. Q®°~¡°=ôÌ„á „¬î~¡âq‰§Þ‹¬
=òOKÇ=…ÿ#°. ‹¬=°~¡~Ö Œ=°^¥‹¬° J_y#O`Ç<Í KãÇ `Ç„¬u t"Œl „¬ôe‡÷°
`³zó~òzó `Ç#䛽#ß q‰§Þ‹¬=ò#° x~¡¶„²OKÇ°Hù<³#°.
‚¬ì„¦Ô*˜ ‹¬¶ä›½ë°
1. ZO^ΰ䛽? Uq°\÷? J#° ㄬ‰ß× ° …èä½› O_¨ J^Î$+¬=“ O`Ç°_ÈQ°® ƒìx‹¬=…ÿ
16
h Q®°~¡°=ô †³òH›ø P[ý#° ‡÷eO„¬ô=ò.
2. Q®°~¡°=ô #°O_ h=ô q#ß^¥xx Z#ß_È°#° `Ç„¬C J#䛽=ò.
U†Ç°#Qê Q®°~¡°=ô#° J~¡Ö=ò KÍ‹²Hù#…èx h J‹¬=°~¡Ö`Ç †Ç°O^Í
P…Õ„¬=ò#ßk.
3. J*ìý# |O^Î=ò#°O_ ##°ß q=ò䛽xë KÍ‹²# <Œ Q®°~¡°=ô#䛽 <Í#°
ƒìx‹¬#°. <Œ Q®°~¡°"Íq° KÍ‹²##°, `Ç`āÇ O|Onä½› O^Î~¡ä›½ Jk J`ǼO`Ç
ㄬ†³¶[#Hêi †Ç°Q®°#°.
Hêx =òO^Î °Qê q‚² ì`Ç Q®° ~¡ °=ô<³O KÇ° Hù#°@…Õ
J+¬“q^ÎQ®°~¡°=ô°<Œß~¡x `³e‹²Hùx, J*ìý#=ò#°O_ q_„²OKÇQ®
‹¬=°~¡ÖQ®°~¡°=ôx Q®°iëOKÇ=…ÿ#°.
J+¬“q^Î Q®°~¡°=ô°
(1) ƒÕ^ÎH› Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð "Í^¥O`Ç ‰§G=ò †Ç°O^Îe "Œ\÷ ‰×ƒìí~¡Ö=ò#°
KÇHø› Qê q=iOKÇ°#°.
(2) "Í^ÎH› Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð ‰§¢ª÷ë~¡Ö=ò<Í QêH› `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#° 䛀_¨ KÇH›øQê
ƒÕkOKÇ°#°.
(3) "ŒKÇH› Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð ‰×s~¡ ã‡÷} WOãk†Ç° =°<Ë|°^ΰœ…ÿ>èÁ~¡æ_#"Ë
=°i†Çò Jq Z@°Á =¼=‚¬ìiOKÇ°<Ë K³„²æ, t+¬µ¼x xiÞ+¬†Ç°=ò
QêqOKÇ°#°. t+¬µ¼x =°#‹¬°ā#° P`Œà#°ƒ’==ò "³„á ¬ô#䛽 =°~¡eOKÇ°#°.
(4) ‹¬¶KÇH› Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð "Í^¥O`Ç ‰§G JO`Ç~Œ~¡Ö=ò `³e„² *ìý#=ò
H›e¾OKÇ°#°. `Ç^¥íÞ~Œ WOãk†Ç° xãQ®‚¬ì=ò#° H›eyOKÇ°#°.
(5) Hê~¡} Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð h"Í ã|‚¬ìà=ô Jx `³eÌ„_ =°‚¬ð"ŒH›¼=ò#°
ƒÕkOz, r=#°àH÷ë†Ç°#°ƒ’==ò#° ã‡÷„²Oë „¬*† è Çò#°.
17
(6) q‚²ì`Ç Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð t+¬µ¼x ‹¬H› ‹¬O^Í‚ì¬ =ò#° fió, q^Í‚ì¬ =ò䛽xë
K͆Çò#°. Hï =á ¼ ‹²kœ ã‡÷„²ëO„¬ *è†Çò#°.
D P~¡ ° q^ Î = ò…ÿ á # Q® ° ~¡ ° =ôö H q°zó |°°}=ò
f~¡°óHù#Q®=ò? Ì„áQê Q®°~¡°=ô „¬i„¬î~¡â=ò Q®#°H›, J`ÇxH÷ Uq°†Çò
J=‹¬~¡=òO_È^ΰ. ƒÕ^Î„¬îï~ëå# „²^΄¬, NH›$+¬â=üië Q®°~¡°^ÎH÷Æ}Qê
ª÷On„¬Q®°~¡° ^ÎO„¬`Ç°ä›½ "Œi†³òH›ø Z„¬C_Ë KÇx‡é~ò# 䛽=¶~¡°x
rq`Ç°xQê ~¡„æ² OK³#°. nxHùŽä›½ †Ç°=òx ã‡÷iÖOz X„²æOK³#°.
=°#"³°Ø`Í Q®°~¡°"Œ[ý#° ‡÷\÷Oz, =°#q°=ÞQ®ey#k Q®°~¡°=ô HËi`Í
"³O@<Í WKÇ°ó@䛽 ‹¬O‹²^ΰœ=ò Hê=…ÿ#°. `Œ#° Q®°~¡°"³á `Ç#O`Ç\"÷ Œ_x
=°~ùH› t+¬µ¼x `dž¶Ç ~¡°K͆òÇ @ =Á<Í `Ç# Q®°~¡° |°°}=ò f~¡°óHù#°@䛽
L‡÷†Ç°=ò H›^ΰ. Hêx =°i†³òH› =¶~¡¾=ò …è^ΰ.
(7) Hê=°¼H› Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð „¬ô}¼H›~¡à°, †Ç°[ý†Ç¶Qê^ΰ° KÍ~òOz, W‚¬ì
„¬~¡ ‹¬°Y=ò° H›°¾#@°Á K͆Çò#°. HËiH›° f~¡°KÇ°O_ÈQê Jq =°iO`Ç
=$kœ K³Ok t+¬µ¼_È° "³¶H›Æ=ò#䛽 ^ζ~¡=°Q®°KÇ°O_È°#°.
(8) x+²^Îœ Q®°~¡°=ô:Ð PH›~¡Â}, =jH›~¡} =O\÷ =°Oã`Ç=ò#° <Íiæ,
W‚¬ì…ÕH› ‹¬°Y=ò#° JãH›=°=òQê<³á##° ‡ÚO^ΰ#@°Á K͆Çò#°. Wk
"³¶H›=Æ ¶~¡=¾ òQêH› u~ËQ®=°#"Í°.
ãH›=°=òQê ƒÕ^HÎ ,› "Í^ÎH› Q®°~¡°=ô#° L„¬†³¶yOKÇ°Hùx
t+¬µ¼x ª÷^Î<Œ‹²uÖ ##°‹¬iOz, "ŒKÇH›, ‹¬¶KÇH›, q‚²ì`Ç Q®°~¡°=ô#°
KÍ~=¡ KÇ°ó#°. Hê=°¼H›, x+²^œÎ Q®°~¡°=ô K³O`Ç KÍ~¡~Œ^ΰ. Q®°~¡°=ô ^#Î HêOH›Æ
KÍ`ÇQêx, „¬ôã`ÇHêOH›Æ KÍ`ÇQêx, q°ã`ÇHêOH›Æ KÍ`ÇQêx ƒÕkOKÇ~Œ^ΰ.
t+¬µ¼x†³òH›ø fã="³¶öHÆKÇóu ##°‹¬iOz, ‹ÔÞH›iOz, `ÇiO„¬*è†Ç°=…ÿ#°.
18
JG, ‰×G q^μä›½ POH›Æ°#ßqQêx, P`Çàq^μ䛽 =¶ã`Ç=ò t+¬µ¼x
Pië†Í° ㄬ^¥ #=ò.
„¬î~¡âQ®°~¡°=ô…ÿ`á Í ï~O_È° ~¡Hꁰ. (1) <Í~¡°Qê ‹¬`Ǽ=ò
#°O_ =zó [#à`Ç— Q®°~¡°==ô`Œ_È°. (2) =òO^ΰQê t+¬µ¼_³á, ª÷^Î#,
Jƒì¼‹¬=ò =# Q®°~¡°=ô J=ô`Œ_È°. x["³°Ø# Q®°~¡°=ô t+¬µ¼Ì„á ƒì~¡=ò
"³¶„¬_È°. J`Ç_È° ƒÕ^ÎQ®°~¡°"Í Hêx ƒì^ÎQ®°~¡°=ôHê^ΰ. Q®°~¡°<Œ#H±
‹¬Þ†Ç°=òQê =¼=ª÷†Ç°=ò KÍ‹¬¶ë, ‹¬=¶*ìxH÷ Lz`ÇÀ‹=OkOKŒ~¡°.
H›c~¡°ª÷̂샘 |@“°<Í‹² `Ç# 䛽@°Oƒìxß ‡é+²OKÇ°Hù<Í"Œ_È°. ~¡q^¥‹¬°
=°‚¬ð`Ç°àx Q®°~¡°=ô ~Œ*ì „Ô‡÷ =°i†Çò J`Çx t+¬µ¼~Œ° "Í°"Œ_£
~Œ}÷†³Ø°# g°~Œƒì~ò. J~ò##°, K³„¬C°ä›½\÷“ rqOKÍ"Œ_È°. XH›<Œ_È°
g°~Œƒì~ò |O^Î°=ô° P"³°#° ''h"Í"³¶ ~Œ}÷"³á ƒ’=<Œ…ÕÁ x=‹²‹¶¬ ë
LO>è, h Q®°~¡°=ô K³„¬C°ä›½>è“„¬x KÍ‹¬°<ë Œß_È°ÑÑ Jx À‚ìˆ×#K͆°Ç Qê P"³°
`Ç# Q®°~¡°"³á# ~¡q^¥‹¬°ä›½ XH› =ã*ìxßzó, ^¥xx J=òàHùx,
=°Ozƒ’=#O…Õ rqOKÇ=°x "Í_È°Hù#Qê P =°‚¬ð`Ç°à_È° x~ŒH›iOK³#°.
H›#°H› U Q®°~¡°"³á`Í t+¬µ¼<Íg° HË~¡_Ë =°i†Çò Lz`ÇÀ‹= K͆Çò<Ë, P
Q®°~¡°=ô<Í Pã‰×~òOKÇ=…ÿ#°. W`Ç~¡°#° Pã‰×~òOz "³¶‹¬‡é~Œ^ΰ.
J^Í ã„¬Hê~¡=ò t+¬µ¼_È° Z\÷“ J~¡=°iH›° …èä½› O_¨,
Hꄬ@¼=ò …è䛽O_¨, ^¥„¬iH›=ò …è䛽O_¨ †ÇòO_È=…ÿ#°. ‹¬`ǼHê=ò
_È#°"Œ_È° `Ç#`ÇeÁ K³„²æ#@°Á `Ç# `ÇOã_ †³°=~Ë `³e†Ç°^Îx x[=ò
K³„¬æQê, J`Çx x‘÷ø„¬@¼=ò#䛽 "³°zó Q®°~¡°=`Çxx t+¬µ ¼xQê
‹ÔÞH›iOK³#°. Q®°~¡°=ôÌ„á q‰§Þ‹¬=ò, ƒ’H÷ë, q#†Ç°=ò, q^Í†Ç°`Ç
°O_È=…ÿ#°. ‹¬¶H›Æ à|°kœ`Ë ãQ®‚²ìOz, *ìý„¬H›=òOKÇ°Hù#° <Í~¡°æ,
q#ß^¥xx =°iO`Ç q=°iÅOKÇ°Hùx, *ìý#=ò#° Ì„OKÇ°Hù#° q"ÍH=› ò,
19
uiy WOHùH›iH÷ ƒÕkOKÇQ® ‡÷O_`Ǽ=ò "³ò^΁Q®°#q t+¬µ¼xH÷
J=‰×¼=ò. P‘÷_ȃ’¶ u =O\÷ t+¬µ¼° "Œix "Œö~ "³¶‹¬yOKÇ°HùO^ΰ~¡°.
Q®°~¡°=ô ‹¬=°àuOKÇH›‡é~ò##° t+¬µ¼_È° P Q®°~¡°=ô
†³òH›ø ㄬu=°~¡¶„¬=ò#° Q®°~¡°=ôQê Ì„@°“Hùx q°q^μ <Íi ó#
UH›=ô¼_È° H›_È°. J#Qê t+¬µ¼x Pië†Í° WH›ø_È ã„¬^¥#=ò.
J+¬“q^Î t+¬µ¼°
(1) H›ø‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È° :Ð Jyß =# H›iy# H›ø Jyß ^ζ~¡=°=Qê<Í
Q®\„“÷ _¬ °È #°. t+¬µ¼_È° Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^Î q#ßO`ÇÀ‹„¬ô „¬ôH÷Oz ‡é=ô#°. Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^Î
…è#„¬C_È° JO`džòÇ =°~¡z‡é=ô#°. W\÷“ t+¬µ¼x H›ø‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_ÈO^ΰ~¡°.
(2) KÇ~à¡ ‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È° :Ð "³á^ΰ¼_È° ‹¬¶k=°O^ΰ WKÇ°ó#„¬C_È° KÇ~à¡ =òÌ„á
~¡Oã^Î=òK͆òÇ #°. ‹¬¶k f‹²"͆ǰQê<Í ~¡Oã^Î=ò „¬î_È°#°. J>èÁ t+¬µ¼_È°
ƒÕ^Î q#ß "³O@<Í =°~¡z‡é=ô#°. H›Æ}=ò䛀_¨ ƒÕ^Î#° x°„¬ôHù#_È°.
(3) ^¥~¡°‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È° :Ð Hù†Ç°¼ä›½ KÍ‹#² ~¡Oã^=Î ò Ì„~¡°Q®^ΰ, `Ç~¡°Q®^°Î .
J@°<Í t+¬µ¼_È° `Œ#° q#ß^¥xx LOKÇ°Hù#°#°. =°~¡z‡é_È°,
Ì„OKÇ°Hù#_È°.
(4) =G‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È° :Ð h\÷…Õ =òOz# =G=ò h\÷x ƒìQ®°Qê „Ô°ó#°.
„²O _ #„¬C _È ° =°i†Çò P~¡ ƒÿ \÷ “# „¬ C_È° h\÷ x =ke"͆ Çò #°.
t+¬µ¼_Ȱ䛀_¨ J>èÁ ƒÕ^#Î ° ƒìQ®°Qê<Í ‹ÔÞH›iOz†Çò, q_ÈzÌ„@°“K°Ç O_È°#°.
(5) L䛽ø‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È° :Ð h\÷`Ë `Ç_‹²# W#°=ò h\÷x „ԁó^ΰ, Hêx
`Ç°„¬ô愬\÷“ K³_‡é=ô#°. t+¬µ¼_È° Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^Î#° x°æHù#_È°. Hêx '`Œ
K³_ÈÛ HËu =#"³°Á K³~¡KÇ°Ñ J#ß q^=Î òQê, `Ë\÷ t+¬µ¼#° K³_ÈQù@°“#°.
(6) L„¬C‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È° :Ð h\÷…Õ "Í‹²# L„¬C H›iy‡é~ò#@°Á,
Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^Î#° t+¬µ¼_È° `Ç#†Ç°O^ΰ riâOKÇ°Hùx `Ç# =°#‹¬°ā#° "Í^¥O`Ç
20
Hê~Œ¼~¡=Ö °O^ΰ †Ç°=ò KÍ‹²Hù#°#°.
(7) t…ì‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È° :Ð h\÷x „ԁó*ìx t=…ÿ, Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^#Î °
t+¬µ¼_Í=¶ã`Ç=ò ãQ®‚²ìO„¬…è_°È . ƒÕiÁOz# 䛽O_ÈÌ„á h~¡°‡é‹²#KË, 䛽O_È
xO_È^ΰ, Ì„áQê h~¡° =$^Š¥†Ç°Q®°#°. J#Qê Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^Î=$^Š¥†Ç°Q®°#°.
(8) `³á ‡÷H› t+¬µ¼_È°:Ð h\÷`Ë xO_# ‡÷ã`Ç…Õ XH› #¶<³K°Ç H›ø#° "Í‹#² KË,
P#¶<³ ‡÷ã`Ç…Õx h\÷Ì„á `́°KÇ°, JO`Ç@#° "Œ¼„²OKÇ°#@°Á, t+¬µ¼_È°
Q®°~¡°=ô JOkOz# ƒÕ^Î#° q‹¬ië O„¬*è†Çò#°.
gi…Õ L„¬ôæ‡÷H›, `³á‡÷H› t+¬µ¼°`Çë=ò°. HùO^Î~°¡ t+¬µ¼° Q®°~¡°=ô
‡¦é\Ձ° QË_ȁxO_¨ xO„¬ôHùO\ì~¡°. HùO^Î~¡° Q®°~¡°=ô ƒÕ^Î #°
`Ç=° ‚¬ì$^Ά°Ç =òxO_¨ xO„¬ôHùO\ì~¡°. gi…Õ ï~O_È=~¡H›=ò "Œö~
Q®°~¡°H›$„¬ä›½ ‡÷ã`Ç°°. Z=iH÷"Œ~¡° KÇ^ΰ=ôHË=KÇ°ó#°Qêx, `Çy#
‹¬=°†Ç°O…Õ Q®°~¡°=ô^¥Þ~Œ ƒÕ^Îq#ßQêx *ìýx Hê…è_°È . XH› =$^ΰœ_È°
KŒ…ì HêO #°O_ ‰§ãª÷끰 =…ÿÁ "Í‹¬¶ë LO>è, N ‰×OH›~ŒKŒ~¡°¼"Œ~¡°
J`ÇxÌ„á H›$„¬KǶ„¬Qê J`Ç_È° `ÇiOK³#°. J„¬C_È° K³„²æ#"Í N ‰×OH›~¡°x
ƒ’[QËqO^ÎO ‰ÕÁHꁰ.
21
4. ã‰×=}O Ð =°##O Ð xk^¥¼‹¬.
Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^Î#° ‹ÔÞH›iOz# t+¬µ¼° "Œi =°#‹¬°ā…Õ P
q#ß^¥xx =°##O KÍ‹², |°kœ…Õ ‹²Ö~¡=ò K͆ǰ=‹² †Çò#ßk.
JO^ΰ=# J=‹¬~¡"°³ Ø#„¬C_È° J#°ƒ’==ò#° ~¡¶_ KÍ‹²Hù#Q®~¡°.
D ㄬãH÷†Ç°…Õ ã‰×=}, =°##, xk^¥¼‹¬##° t+¬µ¼…ìKÇiOKÇ=…ÿ#°.
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=°~ùH› ^Í‚¬ì=ò `³KÇ°óHù#°@ KÍ`Ç<Í J#°ƒ’qO„¬|_È°#°. ‹¬Þ~¡¾…ÕH›=ò…Õ
䛀_¨ †Ç°[ý„¬¦ =ò Y~¡°óHêQê<Í uiy ƒ’¶…ÕH›=ò…Õ [xàOKÇ =‹²#^Í.
H©Æ}è „¬ô}¼O =°~¡¼ë …ÕH›O q‰×Ou. J‹¬° „¬ô#~¡û#à =^Íí =^ΰí, "³¶H›Æ=ò
Hê"Œe J#ß„¬C_È° H›~¡à° K͆ǰ~Œ^ΰ. Hêx H›~¡à K͆°Ç 䛽O_¨ H›}Æ "³°#Ø #°
LO_È…=è ò Q®#°H› <Í#°, <Œk, <Œ"Œ~¡° †Ç°<³_ ª÷Þ~¡=Ö ò#° q_Èz x‘÷ø=°
36
H›~¡à K͆ǰ=‹² †Çò#ßk. W\÷“ H›~ŒàKÇ~¡}䛽 fã="³°Ø# ª÷^#Î K͆ÇòKÇ°, 7. H›~¡à°
z=~¡ä›½ P`Çàq^μ#° Jƒ’¼‹²Oz, PKÇiOKÇ=…ÿ#°. D ª÷^Î# Q®°~¡°=ô H›~¡à=ò#° |°@°“ [O`Ç°=ô
†³òH›ø „¬~¼¡ "ÍH›Æ}…Õ [iy`Í …Õ„¬=ò#° Q®°iëOz, ‹¬ik^ΰí@ =°i†Çò H›~à¡ =ò# =$kœ‡ÚO^ΰ, H›~¡à=ò# *ÿ_È°<£
Q®°~¡° ‹¬`Œë t+¬µ¼x…Õ „¬xK͆Çò@ =# jㄦ¬°=òQê "³¶H›Æã‡÷„²ë H›°¾#°. H›~¡à=ò [#°ä›½ ^³á==ò
H›~¡à=ò ‹¬°Y^ΰ—Y=òä›½ Hê~¡}=°k‡÷ II
NH›$+¬â „¬~¡=¶`Çà W…ì K³‡÷æ_È°. Z=ï~=~¡° KÍ‹²# ‡÷„¬„¬ô}¼H›~¡àä›½
`Çy# „¦¬e`Ç=ò#° "ŒiH÷ „¬Oz~òª÷ë#x.
„¬i}ì=°^ΉׅÕ, „¬‰×ĬHÆê¼^ΰ ‹¬Oª÷ø~Œ° Hùxß Yï~åó
g°„¬_xÈ ‹¬Oª÷ø~Œ „¦¬e`Ç=òQê =¶#= ‹¬Þƒì="Í°~¡æ_ †ÇòO_È°#°.
JO^ΰ=# =°#=ò P=ô =O\÷ ª÷^Î=ô#°, HËu=O\÷ KÇOKǁ
=°#‹¬°ø#°, #H›ø=O\÷ 䛽tó`Ç°#°, „¬ôe=O\÷ ã䛀~¡°#°, 䛽H›ø=O\÷
q‰§Þ‹¬°#° "³ò^΁°QêQ® J<ÍH› ‹¬Þƒì==ò#° =¶#=ô†Ç°O^ΰ
KǶKÇ°KÇ°<Œß=ò. XH›„¬C_È° =¶#=ô#° kÞ‡÷^Î „¬‰×Ã=ôx HùO^Îi
q+¬†Ç°O…Õ J#°KÇ°<Œß=ò.
D q^=Î òQê Q®`Ç [#à…Õ J#°ƒq’ OKÇQê q°ye†Çò#ß
"³ò`Çë=ò H›~à¡ #° ‹¬Oz`ÇH›~¡àO^ΰ~¡°. ãHù`ÇëQê ㄬ‹¬°ë`Ç[#à…Õ KÍ‹²#
H›~¡à#° PQêq°H›~¡à JO^ΰ~¡°. Wk ‹¬Oz`Ç H›~¡à~Œt…Õ H›‹², P~Œt
Ì„~¡°Q®°KÇ°O_È°#°. ㄬ‹¬°Ö`Ç [#à䛽 öH\ì~òOKÇ|_# H›~¡à#° ã‡÷~¡|œ=ò
JO^ΰ~¡°. nxx J#°ƒ’qOKÇ|_È°@ ^¥Þ~Œ Yï~åó#„¬C_È°, ‹¬Oz`Ç~Œt
`Ç~¡°Q®°KÇ°O_È°#°. ‹¬Oz`ÇH›~¡à~Œt `Çiy `Çiy ‹¬°#ß J~ò#„¬C_Í
"³¶H›=Æ ò. Hêx ‹¬Oz`Ç=ò Hùxß"́[#àä›½ ‹¬i„¬_¨†Çò#ßk. D‰×Þ~¡°_È°
XHùøH›øiH÷ ‹¬Oz`Ç=ò #°O_ ã‡÷~¡|œ=ò#° "Í~¡°KÍ‹², ‰×s~¡q°KÇ°ó
KÇ°O_È°#°. P ‰×s~¡=ò`Ë `Ç# ã‡÷~¡|=œ ò#° J#°ƒ’qO„¬ *è†Çò#°.
37 38
ã‡÷~¡|œ=ò#° J#°ƒ’qOKÇ°@ ^¥Þ~Œ Y~¡°ó KÍ‹¬¶ë, "Œ\÷x `Çy¾OKÇ°@
Jª÷^Î¼=ò. nxH÷ J<ÍH› [#à° „¬@°“#°. JO^ΰ=# *ìý#=ò
H›ey#O`Ç<Í ‹¬Oz`ÇH~› à¡ ~Œt #tOKÇ°#°. *ìý<Œyß ^ÎQ®œ H›~Œà}÷. WO`ÍHê^ΰ
*ìý#=ò =# ãHù`ÇHë ~› ¡à =°i †Í°~¡æ_È^ΰ.
ã‡÷~¡|œO ƒÕQ®`Ë #‰×¼`Í `Ç`ÇëÞ *ìý<Í# ‹¬Oz`Ç—
PQêq° kÞq^ÎO H›~à¡ `Ç ^ÍÞ+Ô ã„²†°Ç "Œk#— II
ã‡÷~¡|œ=ò =¶ã`Ç=ò J#°ƒ’qOKÇ°@ ^¥Þ~Œ<Í Yï~åó‡é=ô#°. `Ç`ÇëÞ*ìý#=ò
=Á<Í ƒ=’ =ò J<³_ ‹¬Oz`Ç=ò ^ÎQœ=® °Q®°#°. x‘÷ø=°H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò =#
JQêq°H›~ ¡à †Í °~¡æ_È^ΰ. ª÷^ Î#†Ç °#Qê XH›x…Õ #°#ß ãuQ®°}
‹¬Þƒì==ò#° =¶~¡°óHù#°@ =°i†Çò ~ŒQ®^ÍÞ+¬=ò° H›°Q®ä›½O_È°@.
P„¬^΁†Ç°O^ΰ 䛽OQ®H› †ÇòO_È°@ =°i†Çò ‹¬O„¬^΁†Ç°O^ΰ ‡ÚOQ®H›
†ÇòO_È°@. ‹²^Îœ‹²^ˏ ¼ ‹¬"³¶ƒ¶’ `ŒÞ ‹¬=°`ÇÞO †³¶Q®=òKǼ`Í II ƒ’.w
H›~¡à„¦¬=òQê PtOz#k =zó##°, ~ŒH›‡é~ò##° ‹¬O`Ë+¬=òQêx,
^ΰ—Y=òQêx …è䛽O_È@†Í° H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò. „¦¬eOz<Œ „¦¬eOKÇH›‡é~ò<Œ
XH›ø>è#<Í ‹¬=°^Î$+²x“ x‘÷ø=°H›~à¡ †³¶Q®=°O^ΰ~¡°. Wk `Ç_Qê #°#ß=°\÷“
QË_ÈÌ„Há ÷ q‹²i# QËb=O\÷k. J^Í QËb H›#°H› ‹²"°³ O\˜ QË_ÈÌ„Há ÷ q‹²i#KË
uiy "³#°H›ä½› =KÇ°ó#°. J„¬C_È° ã‡÷~¡|œ"Í° JQêq°x ‹¬$+²“OKÇ°KÇ°#ßk.
`Ç_Qê#°#ß QË_È…Õ Q®°KÇ°óHùx, "³#°Hù䛽 ~Œx QËb=…ÿ ã‡÷~¡|œ=ò
##°ƒ’qOKÇ°KÇ°, J=ô##H›, Hê^Î#H› T~¡ä›½O_È=…ÿ#°. J„¬C_È° PQêq°
U~¡æ_È^ΰ.
ƒ’==ò „¬î~¡ÞH›~¡à „¦¬=ò
Q®eïQ##°KÇ°, =°kx Q®\÷“ „¬~¡z,
39
H›+¬“ ‹¬°Y=ò…èq H›ey# `ǁ„¬ä›½
q‰×Þ^¥a~Œ=° q#°~¡"Í=° II
ã‡÷~¡|œ=ò „¬î~¡Þ[#àH›~¡à„¦¬=ò Q®#°H› `Ç„²æOKÇ°HË…è =°x `³e‹²,
=°#‹¬°#° Q®\„÷“ ¬~¡z, H›+¬“‹¬°Y=ò° H›ey#„¬C_È° F~¡°óHù#°@†Í°Qê^ΰ,
"Œ\÷x `ǁ„¬#° 䛀_¨ `ǁ„¬~Œ^ΰ. uiy ㄬuKÇ~¡¼ä›½ „¬î#°Hùx##°,
`ǁz##° 䛀_¨ JQêq°H›~¡à †Í°~¡æ_È°#°. H›#°H› H›~¡à JO@䛽O_¨
*ìãQ®`Çë „¬_È=…ÿ#°. ‹¬Oª÷~¡ =°O^ΰ_†Çò, ‹¬Oª÷~¡=ò `Ç#…Õ …è䛽O_¨
KǶKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ#°. Z@Á#Qê <Œ= ª÷Q®~¡=ò…Õ#°#ßKË `́°#°Qêx,
ª÷Q®~¡[ =ò <Œ=…ÕxH÷ KÍi #KË <Œ= =ò#°Q®°#°. H›=°=ò
h\÷…Õ<Í„¬ô\÷“ ^¥x Hê_È, ã"͈×ä h\÷ãH÷O^Î<Í L#ß#°, Jk Z„¬C_ȶ
h\÷#O@H› h\÷Ì „á<Í †Çò #ß@°Á, H›~¡à=#„¬ô \÷“, H›~Œà#°ƒ’==ò
<ùO^ΰKÇ°#ß#°, `Œ#° =¶ã`Ç=ò H›=°=ò=…ÿ, H›~¡à#O@H›†ÇòO_È=…ÿ#°.
h\÷HË_ h\÷…Õ L#ß#°, ^¥x ï~H›ø° ‡Ú_Qê #°O_, Ì„áïHyi‡é=ô#°.
䛽=°ài„¬ô~¡°Q®° =°\÷“…Õ u~¡°Q®°KÇ° 䛀_¨ =°\÷“#O@H›†ÇòO_È°#°. P
q^=Î òQê x‘÷ø=°H›~¡à K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°. `Í<³ JOKÇ°# #°#ß DQ® `Í<³ ~¡°zx
Pª÷ÞkOKÇ°#° =°i†Çò ‹¬°~¡H`Æ÷ =Ç òQê Zyi‡é=ô#°. Hêx P DQ® `Í<³…Õ
„¬_ z䛽ø䛽‡é`Í, ~¡°zx Pª÷ÞkOKÇ…è^ΰ ‹¬iH›^¥, yy Hù@°“䛽x
`Ç#ã‡÷}ìxß q_È°‹¬°ëOk. JO^ΰ=# ‹¬Oª÷~¡O…Õ „¬_ KŒ=~Œ^ΰ. Hêx
H›~¡àKÍ‹²†Çò H›~à¡ #O@x q^Î=òQê #°O_È=…ÿ#°. J#Qê =°#‹¬°ä›½K³Ok#
H›~¡à#°, <Í#°ä›½ JO@H› ª÷H÷ÆQê #°O_È=…ÿ#°.
P q^=Î òQê #°#ß"Œ_H÷ JQêq°H›~à¡ †Í°~¡æ_È^ΰ. H›#°H›
ㄬu‹¬æO^Î#䛽 Hê~¡}"³°Ø# ‹¬Þƒì==ò#° =°i†Çò Q®°}=ò#°
=¶~¡° óHù#° ª÷^ Î# K͆ Ç °=…ÿ #°. J~ò##° ^Í‚ ¬ì =ò <Í #<³_ 
40
ƒì==ò#ßO`Ç =~¡ä›½ XH›_È° Uk KÍ‹²<Œ Jk H›~¡à†Í° J=ô`Ç°Ok.
<Í#°Z=~¡°? J#ß^¥xH÷ ''^Í‚ì¬ =ò <Í#°Hê^ΰÑÑ, ''<Í#° P`Çà#°ÑÑ J#°
["Œ|° =zó#k H›#°H› ^Í‚¬ì=ò#䛽 ‹¬O|OkOz# "Œ\÷Ì„á q"ÍH›
"³ á ~ ŒQ꼁° H›  °Q® = …ÿ # ° =°i†Ç ò P`Œà#O^Î = ò <ùO^Î ° @ï H á
`Ç‚¬ìK³O^Î=…ÿ#°.
^Í‚¬ì=ò<Í#°Hê^Î#° ƒì==òO_È=<Í Qêx, ^Í‚¬ì=ò
#䛽, "Œ¼k, ƒì^ÎH›ey#„¬C_È°, "³á^ΰ¼x=^Îí䛽"³oÁ L„¬‰×=°#=ò…èH›
x"Œ~¡} ‡ÚO^Î=…ÿ#°. Jk †³°@Á#Qê =°\÷ä“ ›½O_È…Õx =°Ozh~¡°
^¥‚¬ì=ò f~¡óQ®^ΰ. JO^ΰ=# =°\÷“䛽O_È#° „¬Q® 䛽O_¨ *ìãQ®`Çë
K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°. …èxKË ^¥‚¬ì=ò f~¡^ΰ. J@°<Í D ^Í‚ì¬ =ò#° P^¥¼uàH›
ƒÕ^ÎHùŽä›½#°, †³¶Q®ª÷^Î# HùŽä›½#° *ìãQ®`ÇëQê #°OKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ#°.
J~ò##° ~ü ^Í‚¬ì=ò q°= =°\÷“`Ë ‹¬=¶#=°x *ìý„¬H›=òOKÇ°
Hù#=…ÿ#°.
^Í ‚ ¬ ì ^ Î ~ ¡ à =ò [~Œ=°~¡ } =ò°, ã‡÷}^ Î ~ ¡ à =ò
PH›e^΄¬C°, =°#‹¬° ^Î~¡à=ò ‰ÕH›"³¶‚¬ð°. D PiO\÷x +¬_ȶ~¡°à
O^ΰ~¡°.g\÷H÷ "Í~ï á# "ŒxQê LO_È=…ÿ#°. +¬_ȶ~¡°à° ‡é~ò#KË J^Í
"³¶H›Æ=ò. +¬_ȶià ‹¬‚²ì`Ç— r=—, +¬_ȶià ~¡‚²ì`Ç— t=— II
41
9. J*ìý#=ò
J*ìý# uq°~ŒO^Î‹¬¼ *ìý<ŒO[# ‰×…ìH›†Ç¶
KÇä›Æ½~¡°hàe`ÇO†Í°# `ÇÌ‹àå N Q®°~¡"Í#=°— II
t+¬µ¼x J*ìý#=°<Í pH›\x÷ Q®°~¡°=ô *ìý#=°<Í Hê@°H›Ì„\÷“, P t+¬µ¼x
*ìý#<Íã`Ç=ò#° `³~¡KÇ°Hù#°#@°Á K͆Çò#°. J\÷“ Q®°~¡°=ô#䛽 <Í#°
#=°‹¬øiOKÇ°KÇ°<Œß#°.
J*ìý#=°O>è ^Î$`Ç~Œã+¬µ“_Í. '^Í‚¬ì"Í° <Í#°Ñ J<³_
„¬iq°`Ç`ÞÇ =ò ^$Î `Ç~ŒR „¬^Î=ò#䛽 J~¡Ö=ò. J`Ç_È° „¬ô@°“ ãQ®°_Û"Œ_È°
J#Qê *ìý#=ò q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ ãQ®°_Û"Œ_È° J#Qê J*ìýx. ^$Î `Ç~ŒR HÒye
†Ç°#Qê ^Í‚¬ìƒì=##° HÒQ®eOKÇ°Hùx, q_È°=x"Œ_È°. ‹¬O[†Çò_È°
~Œ†Ç°ƒìiQê ‡÷O_È=ô =^Îí䛽 "³o¤=zó# „²^΄¬, ^Î$`Ç~Œ¢+¬µ“xH÷
^Î~¡à~Œ*ì^ΰ Jaã‡÷†Ç°=ò `³°„¬ôKǶ, ‚²ì`ǃÕ^Î䛀_¨ K͉§_È°.
‹¬O[†Çò_È#Qê ‹¬=°¼H± *ìý#=ò H›"Œ_Èx †Ç°~¡Ö=ò. J#Qê „¬î~¡â"°³ Ø#
*ìýx. „¬ôã`Ç°_³á# ^ΰ~˼^Î#°x Ì„áQ® ãÀ„=°=# ~Œr„¬_È…èH› †Çò^Îœ=ò
`Ç„æ¬ ^Îx "Í^#Î K³Ok# ^$Î `Ç~Œ¢+¬µx“ H÷ xã^΄@¬ “…^è °Î . q^ΰix ~¡„²æOKÇ°Hùx
hu"ŒH꼁° q<Œß_È°. Jhß `³e‹²†òÇ „¬ôã`Ç°x X„²æOKÇ°@䛽 ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò
K͆ǰH›, „¬~=¡ ¶~¡OÖ K³„æ¬ =°<Œß_È°. q^ΰ~¡°_È° ƒH’ ë`÷ Ë ‹¬#`Ç°ā*ì`Ç° "Œix
‹¬àiOKÇQê ‹¬#`Ç°ā*ì`Ç°_È° ^Î~¡Å#q°zó ^Î$`Ç~Œ¢+¬µ“x †³òH›ø J<ÍH›
‹¬O^Í‚¬ì=òä›½ ‹¬=¶^¥#q°zói. ^ΰ~¡°¾}ì#° =^ΰ°KÇ°, ‹¬^ΰ¾}ì#°
Ì„O‡ÚOkOKÇ°HË=‹²#kQê ^Î$`Ç~Œ¢+¬µ“xH÷ ƒÕ^ÎKÍ‹²i. P`Œà<Œ`Çà
qƒ[’ #KÍ‹², ã|‚¬ðà`Œà#°ƒì==ò#° `³e„²i.
‹¬#`Ç°ā*ì`Ç°x ƒÕ^Î :Ð x‘÷ø=° ƒì==ò`Ë x+¬øà+¬"³°Ø# `Ç„¬‹¬°ā,
†Ç°[ý=ò KÍÀ‹ë „¬~¡=¶`Çà ã‡÷„²ë a‹¬°ëOk.
42
H›à‘÷° „¬Oã_³O_È°. (1) ãHË^OÎ , (2) Hê=°O, (3) …Õƒ’O, (4) "³¶‚¬ìO,
(5) q+¬†Ç°‹¬°MìÀ„H›Æ, (6) H›$„¬…èH›‡é=_ÈO, (7) J‹¬¶†Ç°, (8) Q®~¡ÞO,
(9) ~Ë+¬O, (10) ‹¬æ $‚¬ì, (11) D~¡Â ¼, (12) AQ®°„¬ā. g\÷x =^΁=…ÿ#°.
‡÷‡÷° KÍÀ‹"Œ~¡° P~¡° ~¡Hꁰ. (1) ^ΰ~Œ‰×, (2) ª÷Þa=¶#=ò, (3)
HË„¬ = ò, (4) KÇ „ ¬  `Ç Þ =ò, (5) P`Ç à ‹¬ ° ë u , (6) Pãt`Ç ° #°
~¡H÷ÆOKÇ…èH›‡é=_ÈO. Wq =^΁H›‡é`Í ‡÷„¬=ò.
^ΰ+¬“=~¡ë#° ‹¬Þƒì==ò U_È° q^Î=ò°:Ð (1) ‹¬°YƒÕQêÀ„H›Æ, (2)
W`Ç~¡°ä›½ J„¬Hê~¡=ò K͆Çò@=# Ì„áH÷=KÇ°ó@, (3) ^¥#O KÍ‹²,
=Q®KÇ°@, (4) Jæ…샏’O HË‹¬O ZO`Ç\÷ J==¶<Œ<³áß<Œ ‹¬‚ì² OKÇ°@,
(5) |°kœ|O …èH›‡é=ô@, (6) 䛽\÷…ì`Ç°à#° ㄬ‰×O‹²OKÇ°@, (7)
L`Çë=ò~Œ…ÿá# ƒì~¡¼#° ^ÍÞ+²OKÇ°@. gix #$‰×O‹¬° O^ΰ~¡°.
ã|‚¬ìà*ìýxH÷ LO_È=‹²# ‹¬^ΰ¾}쁰 „¬Oã_³O_È° :Ð (1) ‹¬`¼Ç O, (2)
^Î=°O, (3) ‰§G„¬~”¡#O, (4) =¶`Çā~¡¼O …èä½› O_È°@, (5) `Ç„¬CKÍ‹²#O^ΰ
=# [û, (6) ‹¬‚¬ì# j`ÇÞO, (7) J‹¬¶†Ç° …è䛽O_È°@, (8)
x‘÷ø=°†Ç°[ýO, (9) ^¥#O, (10) ^Î$_È`ÇÞO, (11) JO`ÇiOãk†Ç°
xãQ®‚¬ì=ò, (12) ƒQ’ ®=`Ÿ *ìý#O.
^Î=°O J#° ^¥xH÷ ^Ë‘÷° „¬^ΰ<³xq°k :Ð (1) J‹¬`¼Ç ƒì+¬}=ò, (2)
„¬~¡xO^Î, (3) q+¬†°Ç …쁋¬, (4) JO^Î~¡H÷ ㄬu䛀`Ç, (5) J*ìý#=ò,
(6) J‹¬O`Ç°+¬`“ Ç, (7) …ÕH› ^ÍÞ+¬=ò, (8) #ã=°`Ç …è䛽O_È°@, (9) H›‚¬ì
‹¬Þƒì==ò, (10) ã‡÷}„Ô_È#=ò, (11) x~¡O`Ç~¡ ^ζ+¬}=ò, (12)
x~¡~¡œH› ‹¬Oƒì+¬}=ò, (13) „¬i`Œ„¬=ò K³O^ΰ@, (14) ‹¬°Y ^ΰ—
Mì#° F~¡Þ…è䛽O_È°@, (15) WOãk†Ç° xãQ®‚¬ì=ò …èH›‡é=ô@, (16)
^Î~¡à *ìý# "³á~ŒQ꼁° …è䛽O_È°@, (17) ‡÷„¬=ò K͆òÇ @†Ç°O^ΰ P‹¬Hë÷,
43
(18) JHê~¡} ã‡÷}‚²ìO‹¬. g\÷=# =°^Î=ò H›°Q®°#°. Wq `ùy#KË
^Î=°=ò H›°¾#°.
`Œ¼Qꁰ P~¡° q^Î=ò° :Ð (1) ‹¬O„¬^Î L#ßkH›^¥ †Ç°x Ju‰×~òO„¬
䛽O_È°@, (2) ㄬu„¦¬O HË~¡ä›½O_¨ ‹¬`Çø~ŒàKÇ~¡}, (3) Hê=° `Œ¼Q®=ò
l`ÍOãk†Ç°`ÇÞ=ò, Wk Jxß `Œ¼QꁅÕ#° L`Çë=°=ò. (4) ^Î#`Œ¼Q®=ò,
(5) KÍ‹#² „¬#°° „¦e¬ OKÇH› ‡é`Í zOuOKÇ ä›½O_È°@, (6) `Ç#䛽 Jㄲ†°Ç O
H›ey##° Z„¬æ\÷H÷ ^ΰ—dOKÇ䛽O_È°@. `Œ¼Q®=ò J`ǼO`Ç ã„¬^¥#
Q®°}=òQê ƒìqOKÇ=…ÿ#°. `Œ¼Q®=ò =òH÷ëH÷ À‚ì`Ç°=ô.
J*ìý#O #°O_ q_È°^΁ ‡ÚO^Î_¨xH÷ Zxq°k Q®°}쁰.
(1) ‹¬`Ǽ=ò, (2) ^¥¼#=ò, (3) ‹¬=¶k, (4) †Ç°^¥~¡Ö‹²Öux Q®¶ió#
`Ç~¡ø=ò, (5) "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò, (6) ^ùOQ®|°kœ …è䛽O_È°@, (7) ã|‚¬ìàKÇ~¡¼=ò,
(8) „¬ôã`Ç q°ã`Ç H›ˆ×ã`Œ^ΰ q+¬†°Ç =ò…Õ P‹¬Hë÷ …è䛽O_È°@.
D q^Î"³°Ø# ‹¬#`Ç°ā*ì`Ç ƒÕ^Îqx†Çò, ^Î$`Ç~Œã+¬µ“_È°
J*ìý<ŒO^HÎ ê~¡=ò`Ë<Í ã„¬=iëOz, `Ç°^Îä½› „¬ôã`Ç q°ã`Ç |O^°Î <Œ‰×#=ò#䛽
Hê~¡ä›½_Ȇ³°¼#°. q°H÷øe ^ΰ—d`Ç°_Ȇ³°¼#°. H›#°H› J*ìý#=ò ZO`Ç
ㄬ=¶^Î"³¶ H›^¥!
WOH›#° „¬OKÇ=°‚¬ð‡÷`ÇH=› ò°#ßq. (1) =°^μ‡÷#=ò, (2) ã|‚¬ìà‚¬ì`Ǽ,
(3) |OQê~¡=ò ^ùOyeOKÇ°@, (4) Q®°~¡°„¬ußx ‡ÚO^ΰ@, (5)
Ì„#á °Q®°i`Ë À‹ß‚¬ì=òK͆òÇ @. W\÷“ "Œ~¡° hKÇ L‡÷^°Î O^ΰ J<ÍH=› ¶~¡°Á
[xàO`Ç°~¡° =°i†Çò „¦¬°Õ~¡ #~¡H›=ò##°ƒ’qOK³^Î~¡°. =°~¡ =¶#=
[#à ~Œ=_¨xH÷ †ÇòQ®=ò° „¬@°“#°. ª÷^Î#, "³¶H›Æ=°#° =¶@…è
H›#°=°~¡°Q®Q®°#°.
ƒ ’ Q ® = n¾ ` Ç 16= J^ ¥ ¼†Ç ° =ò…Õ ^³ á g Q® ° }쁰
44
=iâOKÇ|_¨Û~ò. J#Qê "Œ\÷H÷ =¼uö~H›"³°Ø#q J‹¬°~¡ Q®°}=°#ß=¶@.
D J‹¬°~¡Q°® }=ò#° =¶~¡°óHùx ^³gá Q®°}ì#° Ì„O‡ÚOkOKÇ°Hù#°=°x
w`Ç `³°„¬ôKÇ°#ßk.
^³ágQ®°}쁰 W~¡°=k†Ç¶~¡° :Ð
(1) Jƒ’†Ç°=ò, (2) JO`Ç—H›~¡}‰×Ãkœ, (3) *ìý#†³¶Q®
=°O^ΰO_È°@, (4) ^¥#=ò, (5) WOãk†Ç°xãQ®‚¬ì=ò, (6) †Ç°[ý=ò,
(7) "Í^¥^Î¼†Ç°#=ò, (8) `Ç„¬‹¬°ā, (9) |°°A`ÇÞ=ò, (10) J‚²ìO‹¬,
(11) ‹¬`¼Ç =ò, (12) ãHË^=Î ò …èä½› O_È°@, (13) `Œ¼Q®=ò, (14) ‰§Ou,
(15) W`Ç~°¡  ^Ë‘÷#° ZOKÇä½› O_È°@, (16) q+¬†°Ç …Ձ°_È° Hê䛽O_È°@
(17) =°$^ΰ ‹¬Þƒì==ò, (18) ^Î~¡à q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø# Hê~¡¼=òO^ΰ P‹¬H÷ë
KǶ„¬ä›½O_È°@, (19) ‹¬~¡Þƒ’¶`Ç^† Î °Ç , (20) KÇ„¬`ÇÞ=ò …è䛽O_È°@,
(21) ã|‚¬ìà`Í[‹¬°ā H›ey†ÇòO_È°@, (22) F~¡°æ, (23) ^³á~¡¼=ò, (24)
‰×Ãz, (25) ã^Ë‚¬ì=ò K͆ǰ䛽O_È°@, (26) x~¡a=¶#=ò.
^Î O ƒ ’ = ò ^Î ~ ¡ æ =ò ^Î ° ~¡ a  = ¶#=ò, ãHË^ Î = ò,
„¬ô~¡°+¬`ÇÞ=ò, J*ìý#=ò, "³ò^΁Q®°#q J‹¬°~¡ Q®°}쁰Qê K³„æ¬ |_¨Û~ò.
g\÷…Õ Hê=°ãHË^Î…Õƒì° =ü_È°#° #~¡H›^¥Þ~Œ°Qê À„~ùø#|_#q.
=¶#=ôx W‘÷“~ò+¬=“ ò° J`Çx Q®°} H›~¡à ‹¬Þƒì==ò =# H›ey#q.
JO^ΰä›#°Q®°}=òQê HùxßO\÷x, HùO^Îi x `Ç#`Ë LOKÇ°Hùx,
ㄬ†³¶[#=ò <ŒtOKÇ°KÇ°<Œß_È°. J\÷“"ŒiÌ„á ~ŒQ®=ò H›°¾KÇ°#ßk.
H›+¬“#+¬“=ò° H›e¾OKÍ "Œ\÷x ^ÍÞ+²OKÇ°KÇ°, *ìãQ®`Çë „¬_È°KÇ°, ^ζ~¡=ò
KÍ ‹ ² H ù#° ㄬ † Ç ° `Ç ß =ò KÍ † Ç ò KÇ ° <Œß_È ° . g\÷ = # J`Ç x H÷
‹¬O ª÷~¡" Í°~¡æ_#k. `Ç# ‹¬Oª÷~¡=ò#° `Œ<Í xiàOKÇ°Hùx, P
‹¬Oª÷~¡=ò…Õ |OkO„¬|_È°KÇ°<Œß_È°. W^Í J*ìý#=ò.
45
¶`Œ `ÇO`Ƕ„¬"Í°†Ç¶ ª÷…ÿ„¬ô~¡°Q®° `Ç# Q®¶_È°#°`Ç<Í
xiàOKÇ°Hùx, `Ç# =$^¥œ„¬¼=ò…Õ H›^΁…èH›, `Ç# Q®¶\÷ ^¥~Œ…Õ
z䛽øHùx, P‚¬ð~¡=ò …èH› =°~¡}O÷ KÇ°#°. J>èÁ =¶#=ôx ‹¬Oª÷~¡ |O^Î=ò
䛀_¨ ‹¬Þ†Ç°O H›$`Ç"Í°.
ㄬH›$u…Õ Q® P=~¡}‰×H÷ë =# `Œ#° P`Çà #<Í
J#°ƒ’==ò =°~¡°Q®°# „¬_³#°. ㄬH›$u…Õ Q® qöHÆ„¬‰×H÷ë =# `Ç#
H›~Œà#°ª÷~¡"³°#Ø [#à#° x[=°x r=ƒì==ò <ùO^ΰKÇ°<Œß_È°.
P=~¡}‰×H ÷ëH ÷ =ü=ò `Ç"³¶Q®°}=ò. qöHÆ„¬‰×H÷ëH÷
=ü=ò ~¡*ÕQ®°}=ò. =¶#=ôx…Õ D ï~O_È°Q®°}=ò° KÍi Jq^μ
…èH› J*ìý#=òQê „¬i}q°Oz#q. ‹¬`Œ¼<ÍÞ+¬} KÍ‹² `Œ#° ã|‚¬ìà"Í°#x
`³e†Çò@#° q^μ …èH› *ìý#=°O^ΰ~¡°. Jq^μ =# qöHÆ„=¬ ò, qöH„Æ ¬=ò
=# r=ôx rq`Ç=ò ‹¬`Ǽ=°#° ハ’=°, ハ’=° =# ‹¬Oª÷~¡=ò,
‹¬Oª÷~¡=ò =# ‹¬°Y ^ΰ—Y=°†Ç° J#°ƒ’==ò°, "Œx =# q+¬†Ç°
"Œ‹¬#°, "Œ‹¬# =# „¬ô#~¡û#à, [#à =# =°~¡…ì H›~¡à K͆Çò@
[~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ßk. W\÷“ [#à Ð H›~¡à KÇãH›=ò…Õ u~¡°Q®°KÇ° |†Ç°@ „¬_È…èH›
‡é=ô@䛽 Hê~¡}=ò Jq^μ …èH› J*ìý#=ò.
J*ìý#=ò ‡é~ò# Qêx, |O^qÎ =òH÷ë Hê^ΰ. J‹¬`Ǽ"³°#Ø
r=[Q®`°Ç ë #° Jq L#ß@°Á ハ’=°„¬_°È `Ç°#ß„¬C_Í Jq …èxqQê qKŒiOz
`³e‹²Hù#=…ÿ#°. ハ=’ °#°O_ |†Ç°@„¬_# "³O@<Í ‹¬`Ǽ=‹¬°ë=ô J~ò#
P`Çà J#°ƒ’==òQê =¶~¡°#°. W=hß `³e‹²##°, `Ç#…Õx Q®°}
‹¬Þƒì==ò#° =¶~¡°óHù#°@䛽Qê#° HùO`Ç ª÷^Î# K͆°Ç =…ÿ#°. `Ç#…Õx
ãuQ®°}=ò#° `ùyOKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ#°. ZO^ΰH›#Qê `Ç"³¶Q®°}=ò
W#°„¬‹¬OHï ˆ×ä. ~¡*ÕQ®°}=ò "³O_ ‹¬OïHˆ×ä. ‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=ò |OQê~¡°
46
‹¬OHï ˆ×ä. Q®°}=ò ZO`Ç Qù„¬æ^³á##° |O^Î"Í°.
‹¬`ŒÞ`ÇāO*ì†Ç°`Í *ìý#O ~¡[ªé …Õƒ’†Í°=KÇ
ㄬ=¶^Î"³¶‚¬ìº `Ç=°ªé ƒ’=`Ë J*ìý#"Í°=KÇ II
‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=ò=# *ìý#=ò, ~¡*ÕQ®°}=ò=# …Õƒ’=ò, `Ç"³¶Q®°}=ò
=# "³¶‚¬ì=ò H›°¾#°. H›#°H› ãuQ®°}ì#° q=°iÅOz, `Ç"³¶~¡*Õ
Q®°}=ò#° q_È°==…ÿ#°. ‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=ò`Ë ã‰×=}=ò, =°##=ò,
qKŒ~¡}, ª÷^Î# "³ò^΁Q®°#q KÍ‹²#KË P`Çà…샏’=ò H›°¾#°.
ãuQ®°}=ò° :Ð =¶#=ôx…Õ =ü_È°Q®°}쁰#ßq. JO^ΰ…Õ XH› Q®°}=ò
ㄬ^¥#=òQê „¬xK͆Çò#„¬C_È° q°ye# ï~O_È° Q®°}=ò° J}y
†ÇòO_È°#°. Z䛽ø=Qê †Í°Q®°}=ò ㄬ^¥ #=òQê #°O_È°<Ë J`Çxx
PQ®°} ‹¬ÞƒìqQê „²eK³^Î~¡°. Hêx `Ç# H›~Œà#°ƒ’==ò#䛽 `Çy#@°Á
Jxß Q®°}=ò° XHùøH›ø\÷ XHùøH›øª÷i ㄬ^¥#=òQê „¬xK͆Çò#°.
DQ®°}=ò †³òH›ø =¼H©ëH›~} ¡ "Í° Hê=°ãHË^¥^ΰ°Qê#°, P‰§"³¶‚¬ð°
Qê#° H›#|_È°KÇ°O_È°#°.
`Ç"³¶Q®°}=ò :Ð `Ç"³¶Q®°} ㄬ^¥ #°° ªé=°i‡é`Ç°°, |^ÎœH›‹¬°Ö°,
ƒì^Î¼`ǁ#° ‹ÔÞH›iOKÇ~°¡ , „¬#°#° "Œ~ò^¥"͆Çò^ΰ~¡°. =ü~¡š=òQê
ㄬ=iëO`Ç°~¡°. Ì„^΁í =¶@ q#~¡°. `Ç#"Í°°HË‹¬O K³À„æ ‹¬‚¬ð䛀_¨
q#~¡°. JuQê xãkOKÇ°@, JuQê u#°@, ãH›=°tH›Æ} …èä½› O_È°@, `Ç#䛽
`Œ<Í ã„¬=¶^Î=ò…Õ„¬_°È @ †Ç°#°#q [~¡°Q®°KÇ°O_È°#°. =°~¡z‡é=ô@
‹¬ ‚¬ì[=ò. q°ug°i# P‰§"³¶‚¬ ì=ò°O_È°#°. …Õƒ’` Ç Þ=ò`Ë
ㄬ=iëOKÇ°KÇ°O^ΰ~¡°. [O`Ç°=ô=…ÿ rqOKÇ°KÇ°O^ΰ~¡°. `Œ=°‹²H›
P‚¬ð~¡"³°Ø# =¶O‹¬=ò "³ò ^΁Q®°#q ƒ’°lOKÇ°#°. 䛽Oƒ ’H ›~¡°â_È°
`Ç"³¶Q®°}=ò#䛽 L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò. W`Ç_È° t+¬µ¼xQê „¬xH÷~Œ_È°.
47
~¡*ÕQ®°}=ò :Ð ~¡*ÕQ®°} ㄬ^¥ #=òQê #°#ß"Œ~¡° `ùO^Î~‡¡ ÷@°`Ç#=ò,
q‹¬°Q®°, PO^ˈ×# H›ey†ÇòO^ΰ~¡°. ‡Ú~¡‡÷@°ÁKÍ‹² „¬‰§ó`Œë„¬„¬_È°^ΰ~¡°
Qêx, =°~¡ ‡Ú~¡‡÷@°Á K͆ÇòKÇ°<Í †ÇòO^ΰ~¡°. Q®°}‡÷~”¡=ò [~¡°Q®^ΰ.
‹¬ ‚¬ð ° q<³^ Î~¡ °Qêx, ‡÷\÷ OKÇ~ ¡°. `ùO^Î~ ¡°‡÷@°…Õ H›‘÷“ °
`³K°Ç óHùO^ΰ~¡°. W`Ç~¡°ä›½ ‚¬ðxK͆ÇòKÇ°, ‰×ã`Ç°=ô#° Ì„OKÇ°HùO^ΰ~¡°.
q#ß^¥xx q„¬s`ǃì==ò K͆ÇòKÇ°, Ju`³eq ㄬ^ÎiÅO`Ç°~¡°. `Œ#°
P~¡OaOKÇ° „¬xH÷ ㄬ}ìoH› †ÇòO_È^ΰ. =°^Î¼…Õ<Í q_ÈzÌ„>ÿ“^Î~¡°.
xã^¥‚¬ð~¡=ò…Õ ãH›=°tH›Æ} †ÇòO_È^ΰ. „¬ô°„¬ô, Hê~¡=ò, =¶O‹¬=ò
"³ò^΁Q®° ~Œ[‹²Hꂬð~¡=ò#° ƒ’°lOKÇ°KÇ°O^ΰ~¡°. T‚¬ð[x`Ç=ò#°
H÷OÆ z, ª÷kOKÇ…Hè › ƒ’OQ®„¬_È°KÇ°O^ΰ~¡°. ãHË^=Î ò, =°^Î=ò, =°`Çā~¡=ò,
^ÎOƒ’=ò, ^Î~¡æ=ò, J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò`Ë =¼=‚¬ìiOKÇ°KÇ°O^ΰ~¡°.
~Œ=}심°~¡°_È° ~¡*ÕQ®°}=ò#䛽 L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò. ~¡*ÕQ®°}‹¬Þƒìq 䛀_¨
t+¬µ¼xQê „¬xH÷~Œ_È°.
‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=ò :Ð ‹¬`ÞÇ Q®°}=ò ㄬ^¥#=òQê L#ß"ŒxH÷ F~¡°æ, `Œ¼Q®=ò,
^³=á ƒH’ ë÷ †ÇòO_È°#°. Z=ix <ù„²æOKÇ~°¡ . ^Ά°Ç , ª÷#°ƒ’¶u, ^¥#Q®°}=ò
LO_È°#°. P„¬^΁O^ΰ 䛽OQ®H›, ‹¬O„¬^΁O^ΰ ‡ÚOQ®H› n~¡°=…ÿ
#°O^ΰ~¡°. Ì„^Îí=¶@#° qx, ‹¬‚¬ð#° ‹ÔÞH›iOz, q=°iÅOKÇ°Hùx
†ÇòH›ë=òQê =¼=‚¬ìiO`Ç°~¡°. ãH›=°tH›Æ}`Ë rqOKÇ°KÇ°, Jxß„¬#°#°
ㄬ}ìoHê|^Îœ=òQê K͆Çò ^ΰ~¡°. P~¡OaOz# „¬xx „¬@°“^ ΁`Ë
<³~"¡ ~ïÍ ó^Î~°¡ . À‹=, ^¥#=ò, L„¬Hê~¡=ò =O\÷q K͆Çò^ΰ~¡°. ª÷uÞ䛽_È°
‹¬`ŒāOQ®`Ǽ=ò#° K͆Çò#°. f„², ‰§M사ð~¡=ò =O\÷q u#°#°.
ª÷uÞHꂬð~¡=ò#° ‚²ì`Œ‚¬ð~¡=òQê q°`Œ‚¬ð~¡=òQê ‹ÔÞH›iOKÇ°#°.
‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=°O>è q°`ǃì+¬}, q°`Œ‚¬ð~¡=ò, q°`Çxã^Î, ‹¬=°^Î$+²“
48
 J"Œ@°Qê #°O_È°@. J#ß=ò †³òH›ø ‹¬¶HÆêàO‰×=ò =°#‹¬° Q®#°H›
ª÷uÞHꂬð~¡=ò ƒ’°lOz#KË, `Ç"¶³ ~¡*ÕQ®°}=ò#° xãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°@
ª÷^Î¼„¬_°È #°. ‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=ò#ß "ŒiöH *ìý#=ò J|°Ä#°. qc+¬}°_È°
‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=ò#䛽 L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò. ª÷uÞ䛽_È° t+¬µ¼xQê „¬xH÷=KÇ°ó#°.
^³ágƒì==ò =# ㄬ‰§O`Ç`Ç <ùOk# ª÷uÞ䛽_È°, ~òH› `Œ<Í
^³á="³°Ø#KË J`Ç_H÷ ZO`Ç P#O^Î"³¶! †Ç°x Q®°~¡°x Pã‰×~òOz
*ìý#=O`Ç°_ÈQ®°#°. ª÷uÞ䛽_È° ‹¬[û#ª÷OQ®`Ǽ=ò K͆Çò#°. ‹¬[û#
ª÷OQ®`Ǽ=ò=# ‹¬^ΰ¾}=ò° Ì„O‡ÚO^ΰ#°. ^ΰ~¡û#ª÷OQ®`Ǽ=ò=#
`Œ#° W‚¬ì„¬~Œ ï~O\÷H÷x K³_È°#°. =°#°ß Qêe`Ë À‹ß‚¬ì=ò KÍ‹² Ì„áH÷
"³ o `Í , J^Í =°#°ß h\÷ ` Ë KÍ i |°~¡ ^ Î Q ê =¶i#@°Á , ‹¬ [ û #
ª÷OQ®`Ǽ=ò…èH›‡é`Í „¬`Ç#=°Q®°#°. J…ìöQ W#°=ò h\÷`Ë À‹ß‚¬ìO
KÍÀ‹ë `Ç°„¬C„¬@°“#°. Jyß ª÷xß^Î¼=òKÍ`Ç W#°=ò ‰×Ãkœ†Ç°Q®°KÇ°#ßk.
"Œ‹¬#…èx ^¥~ŒxH÷, „¬ô+¬æ=ò`Ë =¶H›\“÷#„¬C_È°, P ‹¬°"Œ‹¬#
^¥~ŒxH÷ 䛀_¨ J|°Ä#°. J@°<Í ‹¬[#û ª÷OQ®`ǼO =# ZO`Ë
"Í°° [~¡°Q®#°. z=~¡ä›½ "³¶H›Æ…샏’=°Q®°#°. `Ç# J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#°
ï~KÇóQù@°“"Œix, `Ç# ‹¬`ÇÞQ®°}=ò#䛽 „¬sH›ÆÌ„@°“ "Œix ^ÍÞ+²O„¬H›,
"Œix Q®°~¡°=ôQê ƒìqOz, xãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°#°. ZO^ΰH›#Qê `Ç#HË„¬=ò#°
[~òOK³<Ë …è^ˆǰx `³e†Ç°=…ÿ##ß `Ç##° ï~KÇóQù\÷“ HË„¬=ò
`³„²æOK³_ "Œ~¡°O_È=…ÿ#° H›^¥! J„¬C_Í `Ç#HË„¬ xãQ®‚ì¬ =ò#䛽 „¬sH›Æ
[~¡°Q®°#°.
D q^ Î= òQê `Ç # ‹¬ ` Ç Þ Q® °}=ò #°O_ *ìi‡é䛽 O_¨
ㄬ†Ç°ußOKÇ° KÇ°O_È°#°. Q®$‚¬ìª÷ëã‰×=°=ò#° |O^Î=òQê ƒìqOKÇH›,
`Ç# ª÷^Î#䛽 ㄬ†¶³ Q®‰§Qê KǶKÇ°Hù#°#°. ª÷uÞ䛽_³á#"Œ_È° `Ç#
49
Q®°}‹¬Þƒì==ò#°O_ q_È°^Î…ÿá, P`Çà*ìý#=ò<ùO^ΰ#°. Q®°}=ò#°
=¶~¡°óHù#°@†Ç°#Qê P Q®°}=ò =¼H©ëH›~}¡ =ò…ÿ#á Hê=°ãHË^¥^ΰ#°,
~ŒQ®^ÍÞ+¬=ò#°, J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#° Q®°iëOz, xãQ®‚²ìOz ^¥@=‹²
†Çò#ßk.
Hê=°ãHË^¥^ΰ° :Ð
=°<Ë‚²ì kÞq^ÎO ã‡éH›ëO, ‰×Ã^ÎœO KŒ‰×Ã^Îœ"Í°=KÇ
J‰×Ã^ÎœO Hê=°‹¬OH›æO ‰×Ã^ÎœO Hê=° q=iû`ÇO II
=°#‹¬° J<Ík ï~O_È° q^Î=ò°. XH›\÷ Hê=°ãHË^¥^ΰ`Ë
䛀_#k. ï~O_È=k Hê=°ãHË^¥^ΰ#°O_ q_È°^Î…ÿá#k. Hê=°ãHË^¥^ΰ
=# W‘÷“~ò+¬“=ò° U~¡æ_, "Œ‹¬#° H›°¾#°. Jk „¬ô#~¡û#àÀ‚ì`Ç°=ô.
Hê=°q=iû`Ç=ò HùŽä›½ ª÷^Î#=òKÍ‹²#KË, J^Í =òH÷ë. Hê=ô#
Hê=°ãHË^¥^ΰ° ZO`Ç ã„¬=¶^Î"³¶ KǶ_È°_È°.
Hê=°=ò :Ð Jxß~¡H=› ò…ÿá# ^ÍÀ‚ìOãk†Ç° ƒÕQ®‹¬O|O^Î"³°Ø# HËiH›#°
Hê=°=ò JO^ΰ~¡°. #~¡Hꋬ°~¡°_È° ¢‹Ôë "Œ¼"³¶‚¬ì=ò =# „¬^΂¬ð~¡°"́
=°Okx x~¡ÄOkOKÇQê, NH›$+¬â ‹¬`Ǽƒì=°° #~¡Hꋬ°~¡°x =kOz, ¢‹ëÔ #°
K³~#¡ °O_ q_„O² zi. Hê=°=ò#䛽 T~¡ „²K°Ç óH› L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò. Hê=°=ò
#tOz# Qêx P`Œà~Œ=ò_È° aOKÇ_°È . ''Hê=ò_È°#ßO`Ç À‹„¬ô ~Œ=ò_È°
LO_È_È°. Hê=ò_È° ‡é`ÍQêx ~Œ=ò_È° ~Œ_È°ÑÑ Hê=ò_È#Qê J<Œ`Çà
ƒì==ò. ~Œ=ò_È#Qê P`Çàƒì==ò.
ãHË^Î=ò :Ð ãHË^Î=°#Qê HË„¬=ò. HË„¬=ò =# Qù„¬æ`Ç#=ò
‹¬#ßy°Á#°, Q®°}=ò K³_‡é=ô#°, ã|`ǰ䛽 ^ΰ~¡Äu~¡=°Q®°#°.
HË„¬=ò#䛽 „¦¬°#`Ç HùOK³"³°Ø‡é=ô#°
HË„¬=ò#䛽 Q®°}=ò HùŽ`Ç„¬_È°#°
50
 HË„¬=ò#䛽 ã|`ǰ䛽 HùOK³"³°Ø‡é=ô#°
q‰×Þ^¥a~Œ=° q#°~¡"Í=° II
ãHË^Î=ò =# |Hꋬ°~¡°_È° Z=ih …ÿH›øK͆ǰH› #~¡°#° KÇO„²
u#°KÇ°O_³#°. `Ç°^Îä½› c=°À‹#°xKÍ`Ç =°iíOKÇ|_³#°. ãHË^=Î ò#䛽 `Ë_́°
L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò.
ãHË^Ë‚²ì ‰×ã`Ç°— ㄬ^ŠÎ"³¶ #~Œ}ìO
#~¡° xH÷ ãHË^ Î" Í ° ㄬ ^ Š Î =° ‰× ã `Ç ° =ô. L`Ç ë =òx HË„¬ = ò
H›Æ}Hê=òO_È°#°. =°^Î¼=òx HË„¬=ò ï~O_È° „¦¬°_†Ç°°O_È°#°
(48xII°). J^ŠÎ=òx HË„¬=ò XH›~Œãu XH› „¬Q®° LO_È°#°. hKÇ°x
HË„¬O `Œ#° =°~¡}÷OKÇ°=~¡ä›½ LO_È°#°.
`Ç#HË„¬"³° `Ç#‰×ã`Ç°=ô `Ç# ‰§O`Ç"°³ `Ç#䛽 ~¡H›Æ ‹¬°=°u ‰×`ÇH›=ò.
HË„¬=ò =# ~¡H›ë‡é@° Ì„iy, Q®°O_³ Py KÇx‡é~ò#
"Œ~¡°<Œß~¡°. ‰§O`Ç=òQê #°O_ÈQ ®"Œ~¡° #¶ö~ˆ×ä rqO`Ç°~¡°.
„¬~¡=°‰§Ou†Í° "³¶H›Æ=òH›^¥!
…Õƒ=’ ò :Ð …Õa `Ç#䛽 aOz# ^¥xx `Ç# ‹¬ÞO`Ç=ò KÍ‹²Hù#°#°.
uiy †³°=ÞiH÷x ~ò=ÞxKÇóyOKÇ_È°. ^ΰ~˼^Î#°_ =¶†Ç¶ E^Î=ò
=Á ‡÷O_È=ô ~Œ[¼=ò#° ïQz, ‡÷O_È=ô J~¡}¼ J*ìý`Ç"Œ‹¬=ò
„²^„Î ¬ uiy "Œi ~Œ[¼=ò#° "ŒiH÷K°Ç ó@䛽 JOw~¡H›iOKÇ…è^°Î . z=~¡H÷
S^ΰQ®°iH÷ S^ζˆ×¤#° 䛀_È x=Þ^΁KÇ…è^ΰ. JO^ΰ=# ªé^Î~¡°#°
|O^Î°=ô#°, q°ã`Ç°#°, Q®°~¡°=ô#° 䛀_¨ #tOKÇ°#@°Á*‹è ², `Œ#°#°
=°~¡}O÷ K³#°. …Õƒ’=ò#䛽 ãQ®^Îí L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò.
"³¶‚¬ì=ò :Ð "³¶‚¬ì=°#Qê „¬ôã`Ç q°ã`Ç H›ˆ×ã`Œ^ΰO^ΰ#° ^#Î , ^¥#¼,
=‹¬° ë, "Œ‚¬ ì#=òO^Î °#° q°ä›½ ø@=°Q®° ãÀ„=°. "³ ¶‚¬ì=°#Qê
51
†ÇòHêë†ÇòH›ë=ò#° Z~¡°Q®x z`Çë=$uë. ^Î‰×~¡^ŠÎ =°‚¬ð~ŒA ƒì~¡¼
ïHáöH~òH÷zó# =¶@#° "³#°H›ä›½ f‹¬°Hù#…èH›, N~Œ=òx Hê~¡_È=ôä›½
„¬O„¬ô@䛽 Hê~¡}"³°Ø, z=~¡ä›½ "³¶‚¬ð"͉×=ò#䛽 …Õ|_ =°~¡}÷OK³#°.
"³¶‚¬ì=ò#䛽 Q®°_ÈÁQ®¶| L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò.
=°^Î=ò :Ð J„¬iq°`Ç"³°Ø# J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò =# Z=ih …ÿH›øK͆ǰH›
‡é=ô@ =°i†Çò qŽ]gQ®°@†Í° =°^Î=ò. J+¬“q^Î =°^Î=ò°#ßq.
`Ç#䛽=ò Qù„¬æ^Îx, `Ç#|=ò# ïH^ΰ~¡°…è^Îx, `Ç#䛽 P‹²ë, ‡Ú…쁰,
‹¬Ö…쁰 Z䛽ø=x, ‹¬O„¬^΁° Z䛽ø=x, †Ç°¿=Þ# q°_‹²‡÷@°Qê#°,
JO^ÎQ ê_Èx, *ìýx†Ç °x, `Œ„¬‹ ²†Ç° x Q®~ ¡Þ„¬ _È°`Ç ¶, W`Ç~ ¡° #°
„¬i‚¬ì‹²OKÇ°@†Çò, ƒìkOKÇ°@†Çò =°^Î=°#|_È°#°. [=°^Îyß †³òH›ø
Hê=°^Í#°=ô#° J_y # "³O@<Í ~ò=Þ…è^Îx, ^¥x#„¬‚¬ìiOz#
Hê~¡gë ~Œ¼~¡°ûx „¬ôã`Ç°° "Œi =°^Î=ò=# „¬~‰¡ Ã× ~Œ=òxKÍ =kO„¬|_i.
Q®~¡°`ÇàO`Ç°_È° =°^Î=ò#䛽 L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò.
=°`Çā~¡=ò :Ð ZO^ΰ…Õ<³á<Œ `Ç#H›O>è W`Ç~¡°° Z䛽ø=Qê #°O_È°@#°
F~¡ Þ …è ä › ½ O_È ° @#° =°`Ç ā ~¡ = °O^Î ° ~¡ ° . t‰× à ‡÷°_È ° NH› $ +¬ µ â x
Qù„¬æ`Ç#=ò#° ‹¬‚²ìOKÇ…èH‡› 醳°#°. #¶~¡° `Ç„¬C° H›qÆ °OKÇ|_# „²^„Î ¬
NH›$+¬µâx KÍu…Õ t‰×Ç÷°_È° ‹¬O‚¬ìiOKÇ|_³#°. 䛽H›ø =°`Çā~¡=ò#䛽
L^¥‚¬ì~¡}=ò.
D Hê=° ãHË^Î …Õƒ’ "³¶‚¬ì =°^Î =°`Çā~¡=ò#° Ji+¬_ÈÞ~¡¾=°O^ΰ~¡°.
Wq =¶#=ôx…Õ<Í L#ß JO`Ç—‰×ã`Ç°=ô°. D ‰×ã`Ç°=ô#° [~òOz#
"Œ_È° l`ÍOãk†Çò_ÈQ°® #°. JO^ΰ=# "³¶H›Æ=¶~¡¾=ò ‹¬°Q®=°=°Q®°#°.
|†Ç°\÷ ‰×ã`Ç°=ô#° [~òOKÍ g~¡°x Q®=°¼O ‹¬Þ~¡¾=ò, Hêx J`Ç_È°
uiy [xàOKÇ°#°. …Õ„¬e ‰×ã`Ç°=ô…ÿá# Ji+¬_ÈÞ~¡¾=ò#° [~òOKÍ n~¡°x
52
Q®=°¼O "³¶H›Æ=ò. J`Ç_È° uiy [xàOKÇ_°È . ãHË^=Î ò#° ‰§Ou KÍ`Ç#°,
^ΰ+¬“`ÇÞ=ò#° ª÷^Î°`ÇÞ=ò KÍ`Ç#°, …Õƒ’`ÞÇ =ò#° ^¥#=ò KÍ`Ç#°,
J#$`Ç=ò#° ‹¬`Ǽ=ò KÍ`Ç#° [~òOKÇ=…ÿ#x Ì„^Î큰 #°_qi.
~ŒQ®=ò :Ð `Œ#° W+¬„“ ¬_# "ŒiÌ„á H›eïQ_k ~ŒQ®=ò. ~ŒQ®=ò J#Qê
„¬~¢¡ ‹ëÔ "Œ¼"³¶‚¬ì=ò 䛀_¨. ~Œ=}°_È° ‹Ô`Œ^Íqx "³¶‚²ìOz, J„¬‚ì¬ iOz,
q_È°==°x †³°O^Î~¡° K³„²æ##° q_È°=H›, z=~¡ä ›½ N~Œ=òxKÍ
=kO„¬|_³#°. ªé^Î~¡, ‹¬°`Ç°#° ‡éQù@°“Hù<³#°. P`ÇàeOQ®=ò#°
ª÷kOz# ~Œ=}°_È° =°i†Çò #=ãQ®‚¬ð#° ‰§tOz# ~Œ=}°_È° XH›ø
~ŒQ®=ò J#° ^ΰ~¡°¾}=ò =# #tOK³#°.
^ÍÞ+¬=ò :Ð `Ç# J#ß ‚²ì~¡}ì¼ä›Æ½x N‚¬ìi KÇOÌ„#x, `Ç#öHq°†Çò
J„¬Hê~¡=ò K͆ǰH›<Í ‚²ì~¡}¼H›t„¬ô_È° N‚¬ìix ^ÍÞ+²OK³#°. `Œ#°
KŒ=䛽O_¨ Zxß =~¡=ò° HË~¡°ä›½#ß#°, #~¡‹²O‚¬ìª÷Þq°KÍ`Ç †ÇòH÷ëQê
KÇO„¬|_³#°. ƒ’ä ›½ë…ÿá# "Œ~¡° ^Íxx ^ÍÞ+²OKÇ~¡°. ^ÍÞ +¬=ò#ßKË@
ƒ’H÷ë†ÇòO_È^ΰ. ㄬ‚ð¬ Á^ΰxH÷ ‚¬ìi ƒ’H÷ë L#ßk. `Ç##° Zxß H›+=¬“ òä›½
Q®°iKÍ‹²##°, `Ç# `ÇOã_ ‚²ì~¡}¼H›t„¬ôx ^ÍÞ+²OKÇ…è^ΰ. N~Œ=ò_È°
J^Î~¡à=ò=ò#° tH›ÆOK³#° Qêx, ~Œ=}°xÌ„á #`ÇxH÷ ^ÍÞ+¬=ò…è^ΰ.
‰×~¡}ìQ®u HËi#>ÿØÁ`Í, ~Œ=}°x H›Æq°Oz =^Îe†ÇòO_³_" Œ_È°.
D~¡Â ¼ :Ð D~¡Â ¼†Ç°#Qê `Ç#䛽 =¶ã`Ç"Í° H›+¬“=ò° H›°Q®°KÇ°#ßqQêx,
~ò`Ç~°¡ ïHO^ΰHêH›+=¬“ ò° …è=x, "ŒiÌ„á H›eQï _ ^ÍÞ+¬=ò. J~¡°}ìä›½Æ _È°
J#° ~Œä›Æ‹¬°_È° ƒì}심°~¡°xÌ„á D~¡Â ¼`Ë "³°ey, KŒ=ô `³KÇ°óHù<³#°.
J‹¬¶†Ç° :Ð J‹¬¶†Ç° †Ç°#Qê `Ç#䛽 =¶ã`Ç"°Í ‹¬°Y=ò° H›°Q®
=…ÿ#x†Çò ~ò`Ç~°¡ H›\÷“ ‹¬°Y=ò° L#ßKË `Œ#° z#߃Õ=ô#x
`ǁOKÇ°@. ‡ÏO_ÈiH› "Œ‹¬°^Í=ô_È° JHê~¡}=òQê NH›$+¬â=üiëÌ„á
53
J‹¬¶†Ç°`Ë q~Ë^Î=ò `³zó Ì„@°“Hù<³#°. "Œ‹¬°^Í=ô_³#á NH›$+¬µxâ =#
=°~¡}O÷ K³#°. J‹¬¶†Ç¶„¬~°¡ ° Q®°~¡°ƒÕ^äÎ ½› J#~¡°Ý°. J‹¬¶†Ç°…èx"Œ_x
J#‹¬¶†Ç° Jx †Ç°O^ΰ~¡°. J~¡°û#°_È° J#‹¬¶†Ç° Q®#°H›<Í NH›$+¬µâ_È°
w`Ç#° ƒÕkOK³#°. J#‹¬¶†Ç° †Ç°#Qê q‰§…ì~¡Ö=ò…Õ ãuQ®°}ìf`Ç°_È°.
^ÎOƒ’=ò :Ð `Œ#° K͆Çò„¬#°#° ~ò`Ç~¡°° "³°KÇ°óHù#=…ÿ#<³_
z`Çë=$uëx ^ÎOƒ’=°O^ΰ~¡°. J…ì "³°KÇ°óHù#x "ŒiÌ„á "³á~¡=ò Ì„@°“Hùx
J„¬î~¡°_È° ^ζ~ŒÞ‹¬°x =# „¬`Ç#=°†³°¼#°.
^Î~¡æ=ò :Ð `Œ<Í ‹¬~Þ¡ ‹¬=°~¡°Ö_Èx, `Ç#ïH=Þ~¡° ª÷\÷…è~¡x qŽ]gQ®°@#°
^Î~¡æ=°O^ΰ~¡°. ~Œ=}°_È°, ^ΰ~˼^Î#°_È° Ì„^Îí=¶@ q#H› #tOzi.
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò :Ð JHê~¡}=òQê ~ò`Ç~¡ °#° tH÷ÆOKÇ=…ÿ#<³_
`Ç"³¶ Q®°}=ò#° z`Çë=$uëQ ê Q®"Œ_x J‚¬ìOHêi †Ç°O^Î °~¡°.
=°^°Î ïHá@ƒ’°° J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò`Ë q+¬µâ=ôÌ„á Hꁰ^ΰqÞ ‡é~Œ_, ‡é~Œ_
KÇzói.
D q^=Î òQê =ò=òä›Æ½=ô…ÿá#"Œ~¡° Ji+¬_ÈÞ~¡¾=ò#° [~òOz,
~ŒQ®^ÍÞ+¬=ò#°, D~¡Â ¼J‹¬¶†Ç°#°, ^ÎOƒ’ ^Î~æ¡ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#°
ª÷^Î#KÍ `ùyOKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ#°. J„¬C_Í J*ìý#=ò g_È°#°. J~ò##°
Q®°~¡°=ô †³òH›ø ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°=ò J=‹¬~¡=ò.
54
 10. ^ΰ—Y=ò, =°~¡}=ò.
[#à^ΰ—YO [~Œ^ΰ—YO *ì†Ç¶^ΰ—YO „¬ô#—„¬ô#—
‹¬Oª÷~¡ª÷Q®~O¡ ^ΰ—YO `Ǫ÷à`Ÿ *ìãQ®`ëÇ *ìãQ®`—Çë II
"³ò^Î@ Q®~¡Äu‹¬Ö#~¡H›=ò `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç W~¡°ä›½ ^¥Þ~¡=ò#°O_ |†Ç°@„¬_°È @䛽
„¬_Í ƒì^Î, ‰Üá‰=× =°O^ΰ T‚¬ìÌ„~¡°Q®H=› òO^ΰ `Ç#° W|ÄOk„¬_°È `Ƕ,
`Ç„²æOKÇ°Hù<Í ^¥i `³e†Ç°H›, =¶@…Õ `Çe^ÎOã_È°ä›½ `³°„¬#‰×H›¼"³°Ø
`Ç „ ¬ æ x‹¬ i Qê ƒì^ Î # #°ƒ ’ q OKÇ ° #° =°i†Ç ò Hê=‹² #
ªÏH›~¡¼=ò#_È°Q®…è_È°. H›#°H› J`Ç_H ÷ ^ΰ—Y"Í°. ƒì¼ †Ç°=Þ#=òO^ΰ
KÇ^°Î =ô, ‹¬O‡÷^Î# HùŽä›½ `Ç„#¬ „¬_È°`Ƕ, ã‰×=°„¬_°È `Ƕ, zO`Ç„¬_°È `Ƕ,
=°^ŠÎ#„¬_È°`Ƕ, J‹¬O`Ç$„²ë J„¬[†Ç°=òä›½ …Õ#Q®°KÇ°, ^ΰ—Y=ò<Í
†Ç°#°ƒ’qOKÇ°KÇ°<Œß_È°. ㄬH$› u ‹¬‚¬ì["³°Ø# HËï~ø#° f~¡°óHù#°@ HùŽä›½
ª÷‚¬ì‹²OKÇ°KÇ° ㄬ=¶^Î=ò#° `³KÇ° óHù#°KÇ°<Œß_È°. Hùxß=¶~¡°Á
J„¬[†Ç°=ò#° ‡ÚO^ΰKÇ°<Œß_È°.
`Ç# ƒì~¡¼a_Èہ°, `Ç# `Çe^Á ÎOã_È°°, ªé^Î~¡°°, |O^Î°q°ã`Ç°°
"³ò^΁Q®° ‡÷‰×=òKÍ`Ç#° "Œ¼‡÷~¡ ƒìQ®ª÷Þ=ò`Ë#° |OkO„¬|_,
<Í#° <Œk <Œ"Œ~¡° J<Í "Œ\÷†³òä›ø q+¬†Ç°=ò†Ç°O^ΰ ㄲ†Ç°=ò,
"³¶^Î=ò, ㄬ"³¶^Î=ò#° HË~¡°KÇ°#ß#°, Jq HùO`Í f~¡Qê …èH› J‹¬°
f~¡ H › ‡ éQê ^Î ° —Y=ò<Í `³ K Ç ° óHù#°KÇ ° <Œß_È ° . D q^ Î = òQê
„¦¬°Õ~¡‹¬Oª÷~¡= °#° ª÷Q®~¡ =ò…Õ „¬_ D^Î…èH › ^Îi KÍ~¡… èH › ^ΰ—
d`Ç°_ÈQ°® KÇ°<Œß_È°. H›#°H› W@°=O\÷ rq`Ç=ò#° HË~¡°@†Ç°#Qê ^ΰ—
Y=ò#° HË~¡°@†Í°. z=~¡ä›½ =òkq°, "Œ¼k, =°~¡}=ò 䛀_¨ ƒìkOz
^ΰ—Y=ò<Í q°Q®°°óKÇ°#ßk. x~¡O`Ç~¡ ^ΰ—Y=ò =°^Î¼…Õ J„¬C_È„¬C_È°
aOKÍ q~Œ=°"Í° ‹¬°Y=ò Qêx ‰§‰×Þ`Ç ‹¬°Y"³°H›ø_k? H›~à¡ K͆Çò@
55
†Ç°O^ΰ =°~¡…ì ^ΰ—Y=ò H›°¾KÇ°O_È°#° Qê#, KŒ…ì KŒ…ì *ìãQ®`ÇëQê
#°O_È=…ÿ#° ‹¬°=¶! ''Z^ÎQ®_¨xïHO^ΰ䛽~Œ `ùO^Î~Œ? Z^Î~¡ ã|`Ç°H›O`Œ
zO^Î~¡ =O^Î~Œ...ÑÑ Jx XH› ‹²h öQ†Ç°=ò#ßk. H›#°H› ã|`ǰ䛽
zO`ǁ=°†Ç°O.
=°#=ò Jx`Ǽ"³°Ø# =‹¬°ë=ô#°, ã‡÷}°#°, ªÏH›~¡¼=ò#°
HË~¡°KÇ°<Œß=ò. J=hß Z„¬C_Ë XH›„¬C_È° ‡é†Í°"Í. JO^ΰ=#
P‰×„¬_ÈÛ"ŒiH÷ ^ΰ—Y=ò Jx"Œ~¡¼=ò. =°~ùH›q^Î=òQê, J=x߆Çü
aOz䛀_¨ J#°ƒq’ OKÍ"Œ_Í =òO^ΰQê ‡é=KÇ°ó#°, …èH› ^ζ~¡=ò
Hê=KÇ°ó#°. J„¬C_Ȱ䛀_¨ ^ΰ—Y"Í° q°Q®°°KÇ°#ßk.
QÒ`Ç=°|°^ΰœ_°È ~Œ[„¬ôã`Ç°_³á†ÇòO_ JO^Î"³°Ø# ƒì~¡¼H›"Œ_³á
=ò^ΰ…í çeöH „¬ôã`Ç°_È° H›"Œ_³á䛀_¨
1) XH› =ò‹¬"Œ_x, 2) XH› 䛽+¬µ“"Œxx, 3) XH› ‰×==ò#°
KǶz#O`Ç=¶ã`Ç=ò# =¶#=[#à ZO`Ç ^ΰ—Yƒ’¶~ò+¬“"³¶#x `ǁz
Jxß\÷x =^Îe ‰§‰×Þ`Ç ‹¬°Y=ò#ïHá J<ÍÞ+¬} "³ò^΁° Ì„>ÿ“#°. |°^ΰœx
ㄬHê~¡=ò KÇ`Ç°~Œ~¡¼ ‹¬`¼Ç =ò° K³„¬æ|_#q.
KÇ`Ç°~Œ~¡¼ ‹¬`Œ¼° :Ð (1) ^ΰ—Y"Í° L#ßk, (2) ^ΰ—MìxH÷ Hê~¡}O
L#ßk, (3) ^ΰ—Yx"Œ~¡}䛽 =¶~¡¾=ò#ßk, (4) P =¶~¡¾"Í° P~Œ¼‘÷“OQ®
=¶~¡ ¾ = ò. „¦ ¬ e `Ç = ò x~ŒÞ}=°<³ _  "³ ¶ H› Æ = ò. x~ŒÞ}=°#Qê
xiÞ+¬†Ç°‹²Öu…Õ q°ye†Çò#ß K³á`Ç<Œ¼#°ƒ’==ò.
P~Œ¼‘÷“OQ® =¶~¡¾=ò:Ð (1) ‹¬i†³Ø°# "Œä›½ø, (2) ‹¬i†³Ø°# H›~¡à, (3)
‹¬i†³Ø°# r=#=ò, (4) ‹¬i†³Ø°# ‹¬à$u, (5) ‹¬i†³°Ø # ‹¬=¶k, (6)
‹¬i†³Ø°# ^Î$+²,“ (7) ‹¬i†³°Ø # ‹¬OH›æ=ò, (8) ‹¬i†³°Ø # H›$+². ''‹¬i†³°Ø #ÑÑ
J#ß„¬C_È°, W„¬C_È°#ß J<Œ`Çà ƒì==òHêH› P`Çàƒì==°x J~¡Ö=ò.
56
 ^ΰ—Y=ò#ß^Îx x~¡â†Ç°"³°Ø# „²^΄¬ P`Çà Ð J<Œ`Çà qKŒ~¡} KÍ‹²
`Œ#° J<Œ`Çà Hê^Î#°@…Õ<Í =ü_È° ‰×s~¡=òä›½ ‹¬O|OkOz#
+¬_ȶ~¡°à° `ùQ®°KÇ°#ßq. J#Qê [##=°~¡}=ò°, PH›e^΄¬C°
=°i†Çò ‰ÕH›"³¶‚¬ì=ò°. `Œ#° P`Çà#<Í ^¥¼‹¬=# öH==ò
P`Œà#°ƒ’==ò J<³_ P#O^Î=ò H›°¾KÇ°#ßk.
^ΰ—Y=ò#䛽 Hê~¡}=ò HËiH›°. fi# Hùní HËiH›°
Ì„~¡°Q®°`Ç°<Í LO\ì~ò. =°~¡…ì =°~¡…ì J#°ƒ’qOKÇ=…ÿ#x `Ç$+¬â
H›°Q®°`Ç°<Í LO@°Ok. =°# HËiH›° `Ç$+¬â ° ‚²ì=¶†Ç°„¬~¡Þ`ŒH›O>è
䛀_¨ Ì„^Îíq. XH› "Íˆ× =°# P†Çò‹¬°ā#° 100 #°O_ Ì„Oz "Í…ìk
‹¬OII° LO_Í@@°Á KÍ‹²##°, WOãk†Ç° ƒÕQꁆǰOkKÇóu `Ç~°¡ Q®^°Î .
ƒÿáa…˜…Õ W…ì L#ßk ''=°Oz „¬#°ä›½ =°Oz „¦¬e`Ç=ò, K³_ÈÛ
„¬#°ä›½ K³_ÛÈ „¦¬e`Ç=ò =°i†Çò =°~¡}=ò#䛽 f~¡°æ W=Þ|_È°#°ÑÑ.
=°~¡}=°O>è KŒ…ì =°OkH÷ ƒ’†°Ç "Í°. ㄬu~ËE Z=~Ë XH›i =°~¡}ìxß
KÇ ¶ ‹¬ ¶ ë < Í LO\ì=ò Hêx =°~¡ } =ò =°#HË‹¬ = ò Hê^Î # ß@°Á
L^¥‹Ô#=òQê Q®_È°„¬ôKǶ ^ΰ—Yx"Œ~¡}ìKÇ~¡¼ f‹²Hù#=ò. KÇKÍó=~¡ä›½
‹¬O„¬^#Î ° ã‡éQ®°KÍ‹¬¶ë<Í LO\ì=ò. =°#=ò =KÍó@„¬C_È° Ug° `Í…è^ΰ.
ZO`Ç ‹¬O‡÷kOz##° =°~¡}÷Oz# `Ç~°¡ "Œ`Ç =°#`Ë Ug° f‹¬°ä›½x
"³ˆ×¤…è=ò.
Q®[h=°‚¬ì=°à^ΰ ƒì~¡`^Ç ‰Í =× òÌ„á 17 ^¥_K‹Í ² ZO`Ë |OQê~¡=ò,
=ã["³á_ È ¶~Œ¼° ^ËKÇ°Hùx "³ ˆì¤_È °. ZO^Î i <Ë KÇO„² ã‹Ô ë #°
q^Î=°Qê#¶, „²Á#° J<Œ^Î°Qê#° =¶ió"ͪ ÷_È°. J`Çx H÷
=°~¡}Hê=ò ~Œ<Í =zóOk. `Ç#° ^Ëz#ªÚ=°àO`Œ XH›Q®°_¨~¡O…Õ
䛽„¬æQê ‡é‹² KǶ„²OKÇ=°<Œß_È°. J`Ç_H÷ =°iO`Ç^ΰ‹¬Y=ò H›e¾ W=hß
57
WH›ø_Í =^Îe ‡é"Œe H›^¥! `Ç#`Ë Jq ~Œ=ô H›^¥ ! Jx `ǁz z=~¡ä›½
fã="³°Ø# ^ΰ—Y=ò`Ë<Í =°~¡}÷OKŒ_È°.
~ŒA° =°‚¬ð~ŒA° KÇãH›=~¡°ë° x†Ç°O`ǁ° Z=ix KǶz
ㄬ„O¬ KÇ=ò Q®_È Q®_¨ X}H÷<Œ <Í_°È "Œˆ×¤ ‹¬=¶^°Î …è L<Œß~ò. Z„¬æ\÷Hï á<Œ
=°#=ò JO`Í. =°~¡}÷Oz#„¬C_È° =°# |O^Î°=°, À‹ß‚²ì`Ç°° =°#`Ë
~Œ…è~¡°. öH==ò U_ÈÞ_È=ò `Ç„¬æ WOöHg° K͆ǰ…è=ò. WH›ø_È°#ß "Œ~¡°
=°~¡}O÷ z# "ŒiH÷ Uq° ‹¬‚𬠆ǰ=ò K͆°Ç Q®~¡°? "Œ~¡O^Îi`Ë#° =°#k
H›~¡à ‹¬O|O^=Î òQê Wzó „¬ôKÇ°óHù<Í^Í. ãÀ„"³°<Ø Œ =°=°Hê~¡"°³ Ø# ª÷Þ~¡Ö=ò`Ë
䛀_È°Hù#ß^Í. =¶@q#x ƒì~Œ¼a_Èہ#°, ‹¬°Y=òx=Þx ƒ’~#¡ë °, ƒì^Î¼`Ç
=°~¡z# `Çe^ÎOã_È°#° =°#=ò xª÷Þ~¡Ö=òQê ãÀ„q°OKÇQ®=¶?
"Œ~¡O^Îi`Ë =°#䛽O_Ík H›~¡à …ÿöHø, …ÿH›ø „¬îiëHêQê<Í "Œï~á<Œ =°#x
q_Èz "³ˆìë~¡°, =°#"³°<Ø Œ "Œˆ×¤x q_Èz "³o¤‡é`Œ=ò. J#Qê Z=iH÷
"Œö~ †Ç°=ò<Œ fö~ J#ß@°Á.
XH› <Œ@H› ‰§…Õ ‡÷ã`Ç^¥ ~¡°°Qê =°#=ò =°# H›~¡àä›½
J#°Q®°}=òQê =KŒó=ò. `Çy#\÷“ ‹¬¶Ö^Í‚¬ì=ò#° ^ÎiOKŒ=ò.
Wzó„¬ôKÇ°ó䛽<Í ‹¬°Y^ΰ—M쁰, "Œ\÷ =# H›eöQ ~ŒQ®^ÍÞ‘÷°, =°=°Hê~¡
"Œ¼"³¶‚¬ð° L„¬Hê~¡ J„¬Hê~Œ° "³òIIQ®° ^ÎÞO^¥Þ° fi‡éQê<Í
~¡ ¶„¬ < Œ=°OQê#°#ß ‹¬ ¶ ց ‰×s ~Œ#° =^Îe ㄬ „ ¬ O KÇ <Œ@H›
~¡OQ®=ò#°O_ xã+¬øq°‹¬°ë<Œß=ò. WH›ø_ ‹¬O|O^¥° WH›ø_ =~¡öH Qêx
=°~¡}÷OKŒH› Jq =°#"³O@~Œ=ô =°i†Çò *ìý„¬H›=ò 䛀_¨ LO_È=ô.
XH›KË@ =°~¡}O÷ z#„¬C_È° JH›ø_ |O^Î°=ô° ^ΰ—d‹¬°Oë _ÈQê =°~ùH›KË@
[xà‹¬°ë#ß„¬C_È° JH›ø_ "ŒiH÷ ‹¬O`Ë+¬=ò "³o¤ q~¡°‹¬°ë#ßk. D
ï~O_O\÷…Õ ^Íxx =°#=ò ‹ÔÞH›iOKŒe? ZO`ÇQê<Ë JOH›iOz
58
Ja=¶xOz# D ^Í‚¬ðxß =°~¡}÷Oz# „²^„Î ¬ =°##° ZO`ÇQê<Ë
ãÀ„q°Oz# |O^Î°=ô° 䛀_¨ =°#^Í‚¬ðxß JyßH÷ P‚¬•`³á<Œ Kͪ÷ë~¡°
…è^¥ =°\÷“ †Ç°O^ΰ „¬î_ó Ì„_È`Œ~¡°.
JO^ΰHö =°#=ò =°~¡} ‹¬=¶†Ç¶xß Q®°~¡°Oë KÇ°Hùx ^¥xH÷ =òO^Í
=°# P^¥¼uàH› ㄬ†Ç¶}ìxß „¬îiëKÍ‹²Hùx Q®=¶¼xß KÍ~¡°HË"Œe.
"³¶H›=Æ °O>è ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ^ΰ—Yx=$uë =°i†Çò [#à~Œ‚²ì`Ǽ=ò. JO`ÍHê^ΰ
"³¶H›Æ=°O>è „¬~=¡ °‰§Ou =°i†Çò „¬~¡=¶#O^Î ã‡÷„²ë. nxHùŽä›½
K͆ǰ=‹²#k (1) ª÷^#Î KÇ`Ç°+¬“†Ç°=ò#° ‹¬O‡÷kOKÇ°Hùx ã|‚¬ìàq^μ
qKŒ~¡} K͆òÇ @䛽 J~¡Ý`#Ç ° ‹¬O‡÷kOKÇ°Hù#°@, (2) =°‚¬ð"ŒH›¼ qKŒ~¡}
QêqOz `Œ<Í ã|‚¬ìà=°#° x~¡â†Ç°=òQê #°O_‡é=ô@. J ï~O_O\÷x
q=iO`Ç=ò.
59
11. ª÷^Î# KÇ`Ç°+¬“†Ç° ‹¬O„¬uë
WO`Ç=~¡ä›½ =¶#=ô_È° `Ç# ^ΰ—Yx=$uëH÷ Uq°K͆ǰ=…ÿ##°
q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ [#à, H›~à¡ „¬^Îœux, <Í#°Z=~¡°? J#° ㄬ‰×ß䛽 P`Çà*ìý#=ò
J=‹¬~=¡ °x†Çò, J*ìý#=°O>è †Í°"³¶ q=~¡=òQê `³e„², q_È°==‹²#
Q®°}=ò#°, Ì„O‡ÚOkOKÇ°Hù#=‹²# H›Æ}=ò#° q‰×nH›iOKÇ°@
[iy#k. J~ò##° ~òq Q®°~¡°t+¬µ¼x ‹¬O|O^Î=òQê [iy#KË
„¦¬e`Ç=ò x‰×ó†Ç°=òQê H›°Q®°#°. W^Í =¶#=ôx †Ç°O^ΰ#ß H›~¡ë=¼=ò.
JO^ΰ=# =¶#=[#à#° ^ΰ~¡°„¬†³¶Q®=ò K͆ǰH› ~ò„¬C_Í "Í°…çøx
`Çy#\÷“ ª÷^Î#K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°. Wk ‰§¢‹Ôë†Ç°=òQê [~¡°Q®=…ÿ#°. D
ª÷^Î#„¬^Îœu <Œ°¾ƒìQ®=ò°Qê ª÷^Î<ŒKÇ`Ç°+¬“†Ç° ‹¬O„¬uQë ê „²°=|_È°
KÇ°#ßk.
(1). x`Œ¼x`Ǽ=‹¬°që "ÍH›=ò :Ð
P`Çàx`Ǽ=ò ‹¬ã^愬=°‹¬še`Ç=ò
`Ç#°=x`Ǽ =°‹¬`Çæ^¥~¡ÖO|° Qê^Í?
Jk†Çò xk†Çò#° <ùH›O_Èx
†Ç°#°@H›O>ÿ "Í~¡°Qê #°O_È°<Í †Ç°q"ÍH›=°#Q® II
P`Çàx`Ǽ=ò, KŒ=x„¬ô@“xk, =¶~¡°æK³O^Îxk, P`Çà KÇeOKÇxk.
^¥x #°O_ †Í°k „¬ô@“^ΰ =°i†Çò ^¥x…ÕöHk †Ç°=°=^ΰ. D H›#„¬_Í
‰×s ~Œ°, ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò Jx`Ǽ=ò, =¶~¡°æK³O^Íq. "Œ\÷H÷ L`Çæuë
<Œ‰×=ò°#ßq. JO^ΰ=# WOãk†Ç° QËKÇ~¡"³°Ø#=x߆Çò #tOKÍ"Í
J#Qê †Ç°`Ÿ ^Î$‰×¼O `Ç`Ÿ #‰×¼O JO\ì~¡°. Jx`Ǽ =‹¬°=ë #° ãÀ„q°OKÇ_OÈ
=# ^ΰ—Y"Í°Qê q°y…èk?
XH›ø =¶#=ôx ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ qKŒiÀ‹ë |†Ç°@ ㄬ„O¬ KÇ=ò…Õ ä›€_¨
60
qKŒiOz#>èÁ. |†Ç°@ qKŒ~¡} "Í°^¥=ôïHá##° JO`Ç°„¬@“^ ΰ.
JO^ΰ=# …Õ# qKŒ~¡}#° ‰§G ㄬ=¶}=òQê KÍ„\¬ ÷“ `³e‹²Hù#°@
‹¬°ƒ’=ò. |†Ç°@ ã|‚¬ìà ‹¬`¼Ç O [Q®xà^Î¼ †Ç°#°#k qKŒ~¡}†³òH›ø
ª÷~¡ =ò. …Õ„¬ J<Œ`Ç à #tOKÍ ^Î x†Ç ò , Jk <Í# °Hê^Î x†Çò
`³e†Çò@†Í° *ìý#=ò. <Í#° P`Çà†Ç°x `³e†Ç°Qê<Í P <Í#°ä›½ =°~¡}=ò
…è^ΰ, [#à° …è=ô. ‰×s~ŒöH [#à^ΰ—YO, [~Œ^ΰ—YO, "Œ¼kƒì^Î°,
=°~¡}=ò#°ß.
P`Çàx`Ǽ=°x†Çò, #dã„¬„¬OKÇ =°
x`Ǽ=°x†Çò, <³Ž°OQ®<Í~¡°ó|°kœ
q‹¬ëiOKÇ°@†³° q"ÍH›O|°, "³¶HÆêiœ
[#°ïHÁ x\÷“ ‹¬~¡}÷ =†Çò II
"³¶H›Æ=ò HË~¡° "ŒiH÷ P`Çà J=°$`Ç=°x, ㄬ„O¬ KÇ=ò =°i†Çò
`Ç# ‰×s~¡ƒìQꁰ #tOKÍ Q®°}=ò° H›=x†Çò qKŒ~¡}KÍ `³e‹²Hùx,
Jx`Ǽ=‹¬°ë=O^ΰ "³á~ŒQ꼁#° Ì„OKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ#°. =°i†Çò P`Œà#°
ƒ’==ò HùŽä›½ P‹¬H÷ë`Ë ^¥¼#=ò K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°.
2. W‚¬ð=òã`Ç„¦¬ ƒÕQ®q~ŒQ®=ò :Ð
ã|‚¬ìà…ÕH›=¶k „¬~¡=¶}° „¬~¡¼O`Ç
ƒÕQ®¼*ì`Ç=°O^ΰ ƒç_È=° =†Çò
QêH÷ï~@“†³°_ȁ Q®°Q®° AQ®°„¬ā, "³á
~ŒQ®¼=°#Q® #k†³° †³¶Q®¼=°Q®°#° II
KÍ‹²# „¬ô}¼=ò=# ƒ’¶…ÕH›=ò…Õ ƒÕQ®=ò° H›°Q®°#°. ^ΰ—Y=ò
…è^°Î H›^¥ †Ç°x, ª÷^#Î =¶#~Œ^ΰ. =°#‹¬°ā ~ŒQ®^ÞÍ +¬†òÇ H›=ë ò Hê~Œ^ΰ.
‹¬°Y=ò "³O@ ^ΰ—Y=ò, ^ΰ—Y=ò "³O@ ‹¬°Y=ò =KÇ°óKÇ°<Í †ÇòO_È°#°.
61
Jyß ã„¬=¶^Î=ò ‹¬Oƒ’qOz#„¬C_È° ƒìqã`Ç=ôÞ@ "³ò^΁°Ì„\÷“#KË Jk
`ÇQ®°|_È°@#° P„¬…^è ΰ. =òO^Í ƒìq ã`ÇqÞ#KË, Jyßx "³O@<Í
KÇ…ìÁ~¡ó=KÇ°ó#°. J^Í q^Î=òQê ‰§‰×Þ`Œ#O^Î=ò HùŽä›½ `Œ`ŒøeH›
‹¬°Y=ò H›e#¾ „¬C_È° "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò`Ë J=ô##H›, Hê^Î#H›, Pª÷ÞkOKÇH›
J#°ƒ’qOKÇ=…ÿ#°. ‹¬°Y=ò#䛽 H›~¡ë, ƒÕH›ë J~ò#>ÿÁå`Í JQêq° †Í°~¡æ_
„¬ô#~¡#û àÀ‚ì`Ç°=Q®°#°. JO^ΰ=# ƒ’°=~ËÁH›, ‹¬`Ǽ…ÕH› (ã|‚¬ìà…ÕH›),
‹¬°Y=ò° aOz##° "Œ\÷Ì„á ~ŒQ®=ò [xOKÇ~Œ^ΰ. HêH÷~ï @“g°^Î H›°Q®°
J‹¬‚¬ì¼=ò =¶kiQê †Ç¶ƒÕQ®=ò#° ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ=…ÿ#°.
Ji+¬<“ Íq° †Ç°<Í =°‚¬ð~ŒA†³òH›ø `Ç„¬‹¬°ā䛽 ^Í"ÍOã^ΰ_È° "³°zó,
…èH› J`Çx `Ç„‹¬ °¬ ā#° „¬sH÷OÆ KÇ°@ïH,á =¶`ÇOy†Ç°#° ^Í=^ζ`Ç#° „¬OÌ„#°.
=¶`ÇOy ‹¬Þ~¡¾…ÕH›=ò#䛽 Qùx‡é=ô@䛽 q=¶#=ò`Ë ‹¬‚¬ð=zó,
Ji+¬<“ Íq°x ‹¬Þ~¡¾=ò#䛽 P‚¬ðÞxOK³#°. ‹¬Þ~¡¾…ÕH›ƒÕQ®=ò#° J_y
`³e‹²Hùx, ~ò@Á#°Hù<³#°. †Ç°[ý†Ç¶Qêk „¦¬=ò Y~¡°óHêQê<Í uiy
=°~¡ë¼…ÕH›=ò#䛽 „¬O„¬|_È°^ΰ~¡°, D =¶ã`Ç=ò^¥xH÷ ‹¬Þ~¡¾=ò#䛽
"³ˆ×ä@, uiy =zó ª÷^Î# KÍ‹²Hù#°@ †³°O^ΰ䛽? XH› [#àHê=ò
=$^¥†Ç°Q®°KÇ°#ßk =°i†Çò ~ŒƒÕ=ô[#à ª÷^Î#䛽 J#°ä›€"³°Ø#\÷“
P~ËQ®¼=ò, „¬i‹¬~¡=ò° LO_È°<Ë …è^Ë? J‹¬° =°~¡ =¶#=[<Íà
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`Œ#° ã|uH÷ †Çò#ß„¬C_Í „¬O„¬H=› ò KÍ‹² xtóO`ÇQê #°O_È=…ÿ#°. „²=°à@
†Í°k†Í°"³°Ø##° `Ç#䛽 ‹¬O|O^Î=ò …è#@°ÁO_È=…ÿ#°.
^¥ö~+¬} :Ð Hùkí=¶ã`Ç=ò ‹¬°Y=ò HËi#O^ΰ# Ì„^΋í O¬ ª÷~¡"°Í H›ey#k.
J#°ä›½#ßO`Ç ‹¬°Y=ò ~Œ…è^°Î . HùO^ÎiH÷ ‹¬°Y=ò#䛽 |^ΰ° ^ΰ—Y"Í°
q°ye#k. H›#°H› JuQê P‰×„_¬ ÈH›, öH==ò `Ç# ‹¬°Y=ò HË‹¬=òQêH›,
‹¬Oª÷~¡=ò…Õ W`Ç~°¡  ‹¬°Y=ò HùŽä›½ `Œ¼Q®=ò K͆òÇ KÇ°, ã‰×q°Oz#KË
^ΰ—Y=ò#° `Ç„²æOKÇ°Hù#=KÇ°ó#°. Q®$‚¬ìª÷Öã‰×=°=ò#° „¬qã`Ç=òQê#°,
ƒì^Î¼`ÇQê#° ƒìqOz, ~ò`Ç~¡ Pã‰×=°"Œ‹¬°ä›½ L„¬†³¶Q®=òQê
rqOKÇ=…ÿ#°. ‹¬`Çø~Œà#°‘÷»#=òO^ΰ ƒì~¡¼#° `Ç# J#°†Ç¶~òQê#°,
`Ç#`Ë ‹¬=¶#"³°Ø# QÒ~¡==òO_È°#@°Á KǶKÇ°Hù#ßKË ‹¬Oª÷~¡|O^Î=ò
HùO`Ç ‹¬ _Èe , ‰§O`Ç= ò aO KÇ °#°. J~ò##° ª÷^Î # =#<³
„¬~¡=°‰§Ou †Ç°<³_ =òH÷ë aOKÇ°#°.
„¬ôã`Í+¬} :Ð J„¬ôã`Ç‹¬¼ Q®u~Œß‹²ë Jx†Ç°O^ΰ~¡°. „¬ôã`Ç°° „¬ô@“H›‡é`Í
„¬ô<Œß=° #~¡H=› ò#°O_ ~¡H÷ÆOKÇ° "Œï~=~¡°? Jx zOuOK³^Î~¡°. "Œi
=$^¥œ„¬¼=°O^ΰ J=‹¬~"¡ °³ `Ø Í À‹=KÍÌ‹^Î~¡x J#°HùO^ΰ~¡°. q^͉×=ò…Õ
L^˼Q®=ò K͆ÇòKÇ°, `ÇeÁ^ÎOã_È°#° =$^¥œã‰×=°=ò#䛽 „¬OÌ„_
„¬ô ã`Ç°#° KǶKÇ°KÇ°<Œß=ò. „¬ô ã`Ç°° …èx ‹¬#H›‹¬#O^Î<Œ^ΰ°
‹¬^uξ <ùO^Î…è^¥? c+¬à, <Œ~¡^Î, ‚¬ì#°=°ä›½ „¬ôã`Ç°° …è~°¡ J~ò##°
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69
ª÷^#Î "Œö~ K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°. ‡÷‡÷`Ç°à…ÿ#á "Œ~¡°, "Œi „¬ôã`Ç°° „²`$Ç Hê~¡¼=ò
KÍ‹²#O`Ç=¶ã`Ç=ò# `ÇiOKÇ…è~¡°.
=°$Q®=òä›½ „¬ôã`Í+¬} †Ç°kH›=ò. „¬ä›Æ½ä›½ ^¥ö~+¬} JkH=› ò.
=¶#=ôä›½ ^Î<Í+¬} JkH›=ò. U"³°Ø##° =¶#=ô° D+¬}ã`džǰ=ò#°
q_Èz *ìý#=ò#° ‹¬=ò‡÷~¡û# KÍ‹² ‹¬^ξu‡ÚO^Î=…ÿ#°.
ufH›Æ L„¬~`¡ Ç°° :Ð
WOãk†Ç¶~¡Ö=òQ®° q+¬†Í°KÇóO^ΰ
q=òY°_³á †ÇòO_È°@ †Çò„¬~u¡ À„~¡ |~¡Q®°
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H›=°i†ÇòO_È° uuH›Æ ‹¬=¶‚¬ìކǰO|° II
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=°OzK³_°È <³_ ^ÎÞO^ÎÞ=ò#° xãQ®‚²ìOz ‹¬=°^Î$+²“x ª÷kOKÇ°@†Í°
ufH›Æ †Ç°#|_È°#°. ‰×s~Œ#°ª÷~¡"³°Ø#\÷“ q+¬†Ç°‹¬°Y=òO^ΰ ƒÕöQKÇóu
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‹¬ ¶zOKÇ° ‰§G"ŒH›¼=òO^ΰ#° P‹¬ H ÷ëH ›e y†Çò O_È°@ L„¬~ ¡ u
†Ç°#|_È°#°.
ã‰×^Îœ ‹¬=¶^¥#=ò° :Ð
"Í^Î"Œ}÷†Ç°O^ΰ, q^¥¼Q®°~¡°x "ŒH›¼
‹¬~¡}÷†Ç°O^ΰ ƒ’H÷ë ã‰×^Îœ †Ç°Oã_È°,
ã|‚¬ìà†Ç°O^ΰ |°kœ‡÷†Ç°ä›½O_È°@ ‹¬=¶
^¥#=°x =zOã`Ç° `Ç`ÇëÞq^ΰ° II
ã|‚¬ìà*ìý#=ò#° H›eO¾ KÇ°@#° `³°„¬ô "Í^Ή§G=ò†Ç°O^ΰ#°, t+¬µ¼x
`ÇiO„¬K͆ǰQ® ‹¬^°Î ¾~¡°=ô †Ç°O^ΰ#°, Jq°`Ç"³°Ø# ƒ’H÷ë q‰§Þª÷°O_È°@
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Q®°~ŒÞ*ìý#°ª÷~¡=ò q#†Ç° q^† Í Ç°`ǁ`Ë#°, ‹¬~¡Þ‹¬=°~¡æ}
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<Í#°Z=~¡°? J#° ㄬ‰×ß䛽 J#°ƒ=’ „¬î~¡ÞH›=òQê <Í#° ã|‚¬ìà#° J#°
*"Œ|° H›°Q®°@#° ‹¬=¶^¥#=ò JO^ΰ~¡°. ª÷^Î#†Ç°O^ΰ „¬@°“^΁`Ë
~ò\÷“ ‹¬=¶^¥#=ò#° <ùO^Î=…ÿ#°. ã‰×^Îœ Q®"Œ_È° „¬@°“„\¬ “÷ ª÷kOKÇ°#°.
„¬@°“ „¬@“~Œ^ΰ, „¬\÷“ q_È°=~Œ^ΰ
„¬>ÿ“<Íx ay†Ç° |@“=†Çò
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q‰×Þ^¥a~Œ=° q#°~¡ "Í=° II
P`Çàq^μ †Ç°O^ΰ ã‰×^ÎœQ®eïQ <Íx, „¬@°“ Q®\Q÷“ ê „¬\÷“ q_È°=~Œ^ΰ.
XH›ª÷i „¬\÷“ q_ÈzÌ„\÷“#KË, JO`ÇH›O>è KŒ=ô "Í°°. „¬@°“ |\÷“`Í
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q_Èz Ì„>è“ ‹¬=°À‹¼…è^ΰ.
=ò=òä›½Æ `ÇÞ=ò :Ð "³¶H›=Æ ò J#°#k W+¬„“ ¬_È@=ò, W+¬“„¬_ÈH‡› é=@=ò
=O\÷k Hê^ΰ. J^Í KÇ^ΰ=ô䛽<Í "Œï~á`Í WOlh~¡° KÇ^ΰ=ô^¥=¶? …èH›
_¨H›“~¡° KÇ^ΰ=ô^¥=¶? JO>è, <Œä›½ _¨H›“~¡° KÇ^ΰ=O>è ~ò+¬“=°x
WOlhiOQ® ° W+¬ “ = òHê^Î x †Ç ° #=KÇ ° ó#°. W‘÷“ ~ ò+¬ “ = ò`Ë
‹¬O|O^Î=ò…èH› JO^ÎiH÷x P`Çàq^μ J`Ǽ=‹¬~=¡ ò. Wk =$^¥œ„¬¼=ò…Õ
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JO^ÎiH÷x [#à^ΰ—YO, *ì†Ç¶^ΰ—YO, [~Œ^ΰ—YO #°O_ `Ç„æ² OKÇ°Hùx,
^ΰ—Yx=$uë KÍ‹²Hù#=‹²# J=‹¬~¡=ò LOk. ‰§‰×Þ`Œ#O^Î=ò J<Í
"³¶H›Æ=ò Z=iïH#á #° `Ç„¬æ^ΰ. J~ò##° J*ìý#=ò =##°, H›+=“¬ ò°
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=°s Z䛽ø=Qê …è#O^ΰ##° "³¶öHÆKÇó† u ÇòO_È^ΰ. HùO^Î~¡° Ì„^ÎíKÍ =òH÷ë
q+¬†Ç°=ò#° q=~¡=òQê `³e‹²Hù#ß„¬C_È° HùO^Î~¡° P~¡Oƒ’‰×´~¡`ÇÞ=ò
Qê, D ㄬ„¬OKÇ=òÌ„á "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò H›ey ª÷^Î# "³ò^΁° Ì„@“=…ÿ##°
HùO^ΰ~¡°. Hêx Hê~Œ¼KÇ~¡}†ÇòO_È^ΰ. nxx „¬ô~Œ} "³á~ŒQ®¼=°O^ΰ~¡°.
J@°<Í "³ò^Î\÷ Hê#°æ H›+¬“"³°Ø#„¬C_È°, ~òH› „²Á° =^Îíx ƒ’~¡ë䛽
^ζ~¡=òQê LO_¨x J#°ä›½O\ì~¡°. (䛽@°O| x†Ç°Oã`Ç} …èx
~ËA…Õ) Hêx ï~O_È= ‹¬O`Œ<ŒxH÷ ‹²^„Îœ _¬ È`Œ~¡°. Wk ㄬ‹¬= "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò.
‹¬à‰§#=ò #°O_ Pfà†Çò#° ^Î‚ì¬ #=ò KÍ‹²=zó# "³O@<Í †³°=ï~<á Œ
~òO`ÍH›^¥ †Ç°x "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò H›°¾`°Ç Ok. "³O@<Í r="Œ¼‡÷~Œxß P‹¬Hë`÷ Ë
"³ò^΁° Ì„>誓 ÷ë~¡°. Wk ‹¬à‰§# "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò. W\÷“ "³á~ŒQ®¼=òQê "³ò^΁°
Ì„>è“ ª÷^Î# =°O^Î "³¶öHÆKÇóu JO^ΰ~¡°.
H›‘÷“…Õ L#ß"Œ~¡° P`Çàq^μ <Í~¡°óHË=_¨xH÷ =zó, ª÷^Î#
H›+¬“=òQê LO^Îx Qêx, H›‘÷“° `ùey‡é†Ç¶†Ç°xHêx, Hꋬë T~¡@
H›°Q®Qê<Í =¶x"͆Çò^ΰ~¡°. gik =°^Î¼"³¶öHÆKÇóu.
W°Á `ÇQ®|_È°`Ç°O>è, ª÷=¶#°, ^Î#=ò, P°a_Èہ#°
~¡H÷ÆOKÇ°Hù#H› =òO^ΰQê `Ç##°`Œ#° ~¡H÷ÆOKÇ°Hùx, g…ÿá`Í q°ye# "Œi
‹¬OQ®u P…ÕzOz#@°Á, ‹¬Oª÷~¡^ΰ—Y=ò#°O_ Z>ÿåÁ##° q_È°^΁
Hê=…ÿ#<³_ `Ç„¬#KÍ`Ç P`Çàq^μ <Í~¡°óHù#° "Œik fã="³¶öHÆKÇóu.
^ΰ—YÀ‚ì`Ç°g ‹¬Oª÷~¡ ^ΰi`Ç"³°@°Á
"Œ†Çò? <³#ß_È° "Œ†Çò? ^³á==¶! †Ç°@OKÇ°
x~¡`Ç=ò ^΄²OKÇ° #\÷“ =°h+² H›eq°
†Ç°k =°=òä›Æ½`ÇÞ=°x †³°O`Ç°~Œ`Çà q^ΰ° II
D ‹¬Oª÷~¡=°<Í ƒ’==ò#½ ‡éQù@°“ Hù#°@ †³°@°Á? Z„¬C_È° ?
72
F ^³á==¶ ! ~òH› <Œä›½ ~ü |OkOKÍ ‹¬Oª÷~¡OÌ„á ~ŒQ®=ò, P‰× …è=ô. XH›ø Q®°~¡°"Í *ìý#=ò HùŽïH`á Í qkã"Œ`Ç#° =¶~¡óQ®_È°, Jk†Çò t+¬µ¼x
J„¬C_È„C¬ _È° „¦~¬ ¡"Œ…è^xÎ „²OKÍ q~Œ=°=ò 䛀_¨ =^ΰí. Jx x~¡O`Ç~¡=ò ª÷^Î#H›k P@OH›"³°Ø#„¬C_È° =¶ã`Ç"°Í ! H›#°H› ª÷^Î# K͆Ÿ° `ÇOã_™ !
fã=`Ç„¬# „¬_È°@†Í° fã="³¶Hö KÆ Çóu. W`Ç_È° ^ΰ~¡ƒÁ ’"³°Ø# =¶#=[#à#° `Ç„¬æ^ΰ <Œ†Ç°<Œ ! D [#à…Õ<Í, ~ò„¬C_Í "³ò^΁°Ì„@°“ a_¨Û! "³ò^΁°
=$^Š¥Hêh†Ç°_È°. Ì„\쓁O>ÿ „²Á KÇ^ΰ=ô°, Ì„o¤°Á J~ò# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç<Í#x, i>ÿØ~Ÿ
ª÷^Î<ŒKÇ`Ç°+¬“†Ç° ‹¬O„¬uë †Ç°O^Îe <Œ°¾ JO‰×=ò…ÿ#á (1) J~ò# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç#x "Œ~ò^¥"ͪ÷ë~¡°. ‹¬=°‹¬¼° fi# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç Jx
x`Œ¼x`Ǽ =‹¬°ëq"ÍH=› ò, (2) W‚¬ð=òã`Ç „¦¬ƒÕQ® q~ŒQ®=ò, (3) ‰×=¶k JO\ì~¡°. Wq Z„¬C_ȶ LO_Í"Í. D rq`ÇO JO`Ç°…èxH›^ŠÎ. H›#°H›
+¬@ø ‹¬O„¬u,ë (4) =ò=òä›Æ½`ÇÞ=ò, Jhß L#ß"Œ_Í ã|‚¬ìàq^μ䛽 JkHêi. J#°ä›½#ß "³O@<Í ª÷^Î# "³ò^΁°Ì„\ì“eāO^Í. ZO^ΰH›O>è J° `ÇQê¾H›
WO^ΰ…Õ U XH›ø\Õ, ï~O_Ë, =ü_Ë L#ß KŒ^ΰ. <Œ°¾#° ‹¬=òã^ÎO…Õ ª÷ß#O KÍ^¥í=°#°ä›½O>è Jk 䛽^Î~^¡ ΰ. ‹¬=òã^¥xH÷ J°
ª÷kOKÇ=…ÿ#°. J@°ÁHêxKË „¦e¬ `Ç=òO_È^°Î . U „¬x `ǁ̄\÷#“ #° =°^¼Î …Õ ‹¬‚¬ì[=ò. Jq `ÇQ®¾=ô. Z…ìïQá`Í X_È°„¬ôQê ª÷ß#O Kͪ÷ë"³¶, J…ìöQ
P„¬~Œ^ΰ. ^¥x „¦¬e`Ç=ò#° ~Œ|@“=…ÿ#°. =°^¼Î …Õ P„²#"Œ_È° W‚¬ðxH÷, ª÷^Î#䛀_¨!
„¬~ŒxH÷ ï~O_O\÷H÷ K³_°È #° =°i†Çò ハ’+¬µ»_ÈQ®°#°. Ì„^ÎíKÇ^ΰ=ôä›½
ㄬ"‰Í ׄ¬sH›…Æ Õ Lfë~â"¡ ³°Ø# "Œ_Í JkHêi. J>èÁ ~ü ª÷^<Î Œ‹¬O„¬uë䛀_¨.
JkHêi Hêx"ŒxH÷ ã|‚¬ìàq^μ K³„²æ#KË Q®°~¡°=ô À‚ìˆ×#䛽 Q®°i†³°Ø ,
t+¬µ¼_Í #+¬“‡é=ô#°. HꁆǶ„¬# `Ç„¬æ „¦¬e`Ç=òO_È^ΰ. "Œ¼‡÷~¡
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=°i†Çò KŒ^΋¬ë=ò Hê^ΰ ! #qÞ ‡é~ò#"Œ~¡° 䛀_¨ Z„¬C_Ë XH›„¬C_È°
"Œi ^Î ° —Y ƒ ’ ¶ ~ò+¬ “ " ³ ° Ø # ‹¬ O ª÷~¡ |O^ Î = ò#°O_ q_È ° ^Î … ÿ á
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HêH›‡é`Í =°~Ë[#à…Õ<³á<Œ ~ò^Í „¬i‘÷ø~¡=ò. WO`ÇH›O>è "Íö~ †Í°g°
…è^ΰ. =°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ°Qêx, J^ΰÄu`Ç=ò° K͆Çò"Œ~¡°Qêx, ^³á==òQêx
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73 74
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81
<Í#° 䛀_¨ ‡é~ò Hö = ã|‚¬ìà=ò q°Q®°°@ q*ìý#=ò. ã|‚¬ìà"³òH›ø>è
Q®#°H› J‚¬ìO ‹¬°æu~}¡ 䛀_¨ Py‡é=ô#@°Á K͆Çò#k `Ç`ÞÇë =°‹² "ŒH›¼=ò.
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82
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t=„¬î[…聆Ƕ? J<Œß~¡°. z=~¡ä›½ *ìý#=ò =Á<Í =òH÷ë H›°¾#x
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JO^ΰ=# Z<Ëß ª÷^Î#°, ‹¬`Çø~¡à° KÍ‹²# „²=°à@, P`Çà Ð J<Œ`Çà
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䛀_¨ Hê^ΰ <Í#°. q<Í K³q Hêx, KǶKÍ H›#°ßQêx <Í#° Hê^ΰ. l‚¬ìÞ
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83
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…è=ô. ‰×s~¡=ò <Í##° "ŒiöH `ÇeÁ `ÇOã_ |O^Î°q°ã`Ç°<³_ J+¬“
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<Í#° P`Çà#°. Q®°} H›~¡à ‹¬Þƒì==ò, ^͉×Hê „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò°, <Œ=°~¡¶„¬
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P`Çà UH›O, JYO_ÈO. J\÷“ P`Çà <Í#°. „¬~¡=¶`Çà <Í#°. „¬i‰×Ã^¥œ`Çà
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…è^ΰ. JO`Œ ã|‚¬ìà"Í°. WH› <Í#° 䛀_¨ …è^ΰ.
ã|‚¬ìà"Í° L#ßk! ã|‚¬ìà"Í° L#ßk! ヂ¬ìà"Í° L#ßk!
‹¬=¶„¬ë=ò
FO „¬î~¡â =°^Η „¬î~¡âq°^ÎO „¬î~Œâ`Ÿ „¬î~¡â=ò^ÎKǼ`Í
„¬î~¡â‹¬¼ „¬î~¡â =¶^¥†Ç° „¬î~¡â"°Í "Œ=t+¬¼`Í II
FO ‰§Ou— ‰§Ou— ‰§Ou—
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