FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

GROUP ASSESSMENT FOR REPORT

ECG344 – HIGHWAY ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTION: ASSESS THE STUDENT BASED ON THE RUBRIC GIVEN BELOW. ALL QUESTIONS ADDRESS CO2–PO10 (AFFECTIVE)
CO2 : Demonstrate effective communication skills in the design of pavement NO. STUDENT ID NAME GROUP MARK
and traffic study needs 1. 2020858118 MUHAMMAD DANIAL IKMAL BIN MUHAMAD SHUKOR PEC1101B1
PO10 : Communicate effectively on well-defined engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, by being able to 2. 2020881522 MUHAMMAD SAIFUDDIN BIN ZAMZURI PEC1101B1
comprehend the work of others, document their own work, and give and 3. 2020475348 MUHAMMAD DANIAL BIN ABU HANAFIAH PEC1101B1 20
receive clear instructions. 4. AMIR MUQRI BIN HAJJAJ JUHARULLAH PEC1101B1
2020852366

Name of field work : Bitumen penetration test

:
LEVEL OF OPENNESS : 1
AFFECTIVE PERFORMANCE RUBRIC Full Obtaine
Marks d Marks

No CRITERIA
PERFORMANCE SCALE
0 1 2 3 4 5
Able to
understand Able to
Unable to instruction and understand
Receiving
understand task given to instruction and
1 2
instruction or the group but task given to the
task given experienced group without
difficulty to delay.
start.
All members 1 or 2
were unable members were At least 1 member All members
Response to participate not able to was not able to participated
2 3
in group task participate. participate in actively in group
Late Late group task. task.
submission. submission
Able to Able to organize Able to organize
Able to organize Able to organize the
organize the the content of the content of
the content of content of report
Unable to content of report correctly. report correctly.
report but using excellently. Creative
Organization organize the report but few Contained data Suitable data 5
3 unsuitable method and correct data
report. important collection but presentation and
to present data presentation and
sublines are missing important correct analysis
and analysis. analysis.
missing. analysis. included.
FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

Able to write
Able to write Able to produce
Able to write relevant Able to produce
Unable to discussion/ excellent discussion
relevant discussion. a good
produce conclusion but and conclusion. Good
discussion. Conclusion is discussion and
discussion irrelevant to the recommendations
Conclusion is considered conclusion. 5
4 Generalization and task. Missing included with
considered enough to answer Relevant
conclusion of either references to other
enough to answer the objective. Few recommendation
the report. discussion or works in the
the objective. recommendations s are included
conclusion. literature.
are included.
TOTAL MARKS
15

Endorsed by Resource Person

10/10/2021
INTRODUCTION

Level 1 laboratory activity refers to condition where the problem and ways & means are guided and
given to the students. However the answers to the assignment are left to the students to solve using the
group creativity and innovativeness. The activity is hoping to slowly introduce and inculcates
independent learning amongst students and prepare them for a much harder task of open-ended
laboratory activities. In these laboratory activities, penetration test is used to measure the consistency
of bitumen expressed as the distance in tenth of the millimeter of standard needle vertically penetrates
bitumen under known loading, time and temperature. Greater value of penetration indicates softer
consistency. Generally higher penetration bitumen is preferred for use in cold climate and smaller
penetration bitumen is used in hot climate areas.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the penetration value of bitumen and examine the consistency of a sample of bitumen.

APPARATUS

1. Bitumen sample

2. Penetration cup

3. Water bath (maintain at 25° C± 0.1° C)

4. Penetrometer

5. Needle

PROCEDURES

1. 3 specimens of bitumen was prepared by the laboratory assistant.

2. Place the specimen at the center of the penetration machine surface.

3. The needle need to touch the surface of the bitumen before start to apply load. After that,

start the load machine.

4. Record the reading of the penetrated after 5 seconds.

5. Step 2 to 4 is repeated until 3 data for each sample is collected

DATA AND RESULT

Sample Penetration (mm)

1 10.6 8.9 9.0
2 4.8 3.2 3.8
3 5.3 5.5 6.0

Average penetration=56.7/9

=6.3mm
DISCUSSION

Bitumen's consistency is evaluated using a penetration test so that standard grades can be assigned. A
higher penetration number suggests a softer consistency. In general, bitumen with higher penetration is
favored for usage in cold climates, while bitumen with lower penetration in regions with hot climates,
bitumen is employed. The bitumen sample temperature in this experiment was 25°C, which was ideal
for getting precise findings. The results were obtained using the Cone Penetrometer. Three sample were
used, and three data were taken from each sample. The data acquired from the device are 106 PEN, 89
PEN, 90 PEN, 48 PEN, 32 PEN, 38 PEN, 53 PEN, 55 PEN, and 60 PEN. The data's mean is 63.10 PEN.

There are three grades for penetration. First off, 40-50 PEN is thought to be appropriate for heavily used
pavement, such as bus stops and intersections. Next, pavements on typical roadways is between 60 and
70 PEN. Finally, shape 80- 100 PEN is for cold temperature regions with hills. Using median data, 63.10
On a typical road, PEN is on the range pavement. This is highly ideal for use in Malaysia. As the
temperature in Malaysia is typical.

CONCLUSION

From this laboratory experiment, we can conclude that we know how to determine the penetration
value of bitumen and examine the consistency of a sample of bitumen and know the characteristic of
the bitumen.