TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

1. Differentiate the following functions:

(a) f (x )=x
t
f (t )=
(b) 2

(c) g( x)= √−x

4
(d) f ( p)=√ p
3
(e) f (x )=√ x− √ 2 x +7 x+ 2
2
f (x )= +2 x
(f) √x
3
4 x +4
f (x )=
(g) 2x
2
2x 5
f (x )= +
(h) 3 √x

(i) f (x )=x−3 sin x

(j) f (x )=4 sec x +tan x

2. Differentiate the following functions by using product rule:

(a) f (x )=(2 x−2)( 4 x+1)

(b) f (x )=(7 x 2 −2)(15 x−1)

(c) f (x )=( x 3 +x )(x 2 −x)

(d)
1
( )
f (t )= +1 ( √ t+2 )
t

(e) f (x )=x 3 cos x

t 2 4
(f) f (t )=e (1+3 t +5 t )
2x
(g) y( x)=√ x e
3. Differentiate the following functions by using quotient rule:
2 x−2
f (x )=
(a) 4 x+1
2
7 x −2
f (x )=
(b) 15 x−1
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

x3 + x
f (x )=
(c) x 2 −x
x
e
f (x )=
(d) 1+ x
sin t
f (t )=
(e) e2 t
sec x
f (x )=
(f) 1+tan x
4. Differentiate the following functions by using chain rule:
2 3
(a) f (x )=( x −2)
1

(b) f (x )=( √ x +x )
2

(c) f (x )=√ 2x+7

3
√
(d) f (x )= 10 x −7 x
3

7
f ( x )=
(e) √2 x 4 + 2 x
2 x+3
(f) f (x )=8 e

(g) f (x )=ln( 4 x+1)

5. Differentiate the following functions by using the product, quotient and chain rule:
3
(a) f (x )=(2 x−2)( 4 x+1)

(b) f (x )=ln(7 x 2 −2)4

(c) f (x )=ln √ x5 −5
2
ln t
f (t )=
(d) 8t +3

6. Find all first and second partial derivatives for each of the following functions:
(a) z=3 x 2+ 2 xy + 4 y 2
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

(b) z=sin (2 x +3 y )

(c)

2 2
(d) z=e x − y
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

(e) z=x 2 cos(2 x+ 5 y )

dy
7. Use implicit differentiation to determine dx for the following equations:
2 2
(a) x + y +2 xy=0

3 2 4 2
(b) 5 x y −x y =10

3
x
=2
(c) x + y
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

y
2 3
=x 5
(d) x + 7 y

(e) cos 2 x+cos y−1=0

(f) e x + y =1+x 2− y 2
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

2 2
(g) ln( x − y +1)=8 x− y

∂V ∂V ∂ V
2 2 2 x +y +z =2V
8. If V =x + y +z , show that ∂x ∂y ∂z
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

9. Show that the equation , is satisfied by

10. The power P dissipated in a resistor is given by . If E = 200 volts and R = 8 ohms, find the
change in P resulting from a drop of 5 volts in E and an increase of 0.2 ohm in R.

11. The deflection y at the centre of a rod is known to be given by where k is a constant. If w
increases by 2 per cent, l by 3 per cent, and d decreases by 2 per cent, find the percentage
increase in y.
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

12. The base radius of a cone, r is decreasing at the rate of 0.1 cm/s while the perpendicular height, h,
is increasing at the rate of 0.2 cm/s. Find the rate at which the volume, V, is changing when r = 2
cm and h = 3 cm.

x=r cos θ y=r sin θ

13. If and and , find and in their simplest forms.
14. Find, if any, the critical points to the functions below
(a) f ( x , y )=3 xy−x 3− y 3

(b)
1 2 3
(c) f ( x , y )= x + y −3 xy −4 x +2
2
(d) f ( x , y )=x 3+ y 3+ 2 x +6 y
15. Determine the critical points and locate any relative minima, maxima and saddle points of function f
defined by:
(a) f ( x , y )=2 x2 +2 xy +2 y 2 −6 x

(b) f ( x , y )=2 x2−4 xy + y 4 + 2

 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

16. If and x is increasing at 2 cm/s, determine at what rate y must be changing in order
that z shall be neither nor decreasing at the instant when x = 3cm and y = 1cm.

17. Given that and , determine an expression for in terms of x and y

18. If and x = r cos θ , y = r sin θ, show that

19. We need to enclose a field with a rectangular fence. We have 500 ft of fencing material and a
building is on one side of the field and so won’t need any fencing. Determine the dimensions of the
field that will enclose the largest area.

20. We want to construct a box whose base length is 3 times the base width. The material used to build
the top and bottom cost RM10/ft 2 and the material used to build the sides cost RM6/ft 2. If the box
must have a volume of 50ft3 determine the dimensions that will minimize the cost to build the box.
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

21. A manufacturer needs to make a cylindrical can that will hold 1.5 liters of liquid. Determine the
dimensions of the can that will minimize the amount of material used in its construction.

Answer
'
1. (a) f ( x )=1
' 1
f (t )=
(b) 2
' 1
g (x )=
(c) 2 √−x
1
f ' ( p )=
4 ( √ p3 )
4
(d)
' 1 1
f ( x )= − +7
(e) 3(√x )
3 2
√ 2 x
' 1
f ( x )=− +2
(f) √ x3
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

' 2
f ( x )=4 x−
(g) x2
' 4x 5
f ( x )= −
(h)
3 2 √ x3
'
(i) f ( x )=1−3 cos x
'
(j) f ( x )=sec x (4 tan x+ sec x )

'
2. (a) f ( x )=16 x −6
' 2
(b) f ( x )=315 x −14 x−30
(c) f ' ( x )=5 x 4 −4 x 3 +3 x 2 −2 x
' 1 1 2
f (t )= − −
(d) 2√t 2 √t 3
t2
' 2 3
(e) f ( x )=3 x (cos x )−x sin x
' t 4 3 2
(f) f (t )=e (5 t +20t +3t +6 t +1)
1
e 2 x +2 e 2 x √ x
'
y (x )=
(g) 2√ x
3.
' 10
f ( x )=
(a) (4 x +1)2
2
105 x −14 x +30
'
f ( x )=
(b) (15 x−1 )2

x 4 −2 x 3 −x 2
f ' ( x )=
(c) ( x 2 −x )2
x
' xe
f ( x )=
(d) (1+ x )2
2t
' e (cos t−2sin t )
f (t )= 2
(e) e4 t

sec x tan x+ sec x tan 2 x−sec 3 x

f ' ( x )=
(f) ( 1+ tan x )2

4.

' 2 2
(a) f ( x)=6 x( x −2)
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

1+2 √ x
f ' ( x )=
(b) 4 √ x √ √ x +x
' 1
f ( x )=
(c) √ 2 x+7
' 30x 2 −7
f ( x)=
(d) √
3 ( ( 10x 3 −7 x ) )
3 2

3
7(8 x +2 )
f (x )=−
(e) 2 ( √(2 x 4 +2 x )3 )
' 2 x+3
(f) f ( x)=16 e
' 4
f ( x )=
(g) 4 x+ 1

' 3 2
5. (a) f ( x )=2(4 x +1) +(24 x−24 )( 4 x+1)

' 56 x
f ( x )=
(b) 7 x 2 −2

' 5 x4
f ( x )=
(c) 2 √ x5 −5
2
' 16 t +6−8 t lnt
f ( t )=
(d) t (8t +3 )2

6. (a) , , , ,

(b)
 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

(c)

(d)

(e)

−x− y
y=
7. (a) x + y (b)

(b)

8. 2V

9.

10. P decreases 375W

11. 19%,

12. -0.42 cm3/s

13. ,

14. (a) (0, 0), (1, 1) (b) (1, -1) (c) (16, 4), (1, -1) (d) no critical points

15. (a) local minimum at (2, -1) (b) critical points (0, 0), (1, 1) and (-1, -1)

16. y decreases at 1.524 cm/s

17. 3x2 – 3xy

18. show

19. y = 125ft, x = 250 ft

 TUTORIAL 4: DERIVATIVES

20. w =
√
3 20 ft, l = 3w, h = 50 and the min cost, C = RM637.60
3 3 w2

21. r =6.2035cm, h=12.407cm