INTRODUCTION

A BISCUT IS BAKED IN EDIBLE OIL AND COMMONLY FLOUR BASED PRODUCT GENERALLY
BISCUIT CONTAIN WHEAT FLOUR HYROGENATED OIL AND GLUCOSE TO SELL THEIR PRODUCTS
AND TO COMPLETE WITH OTHER BRANDS MANY COMPANIES WRITE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS
IN THEIR PRODUCTS PACKAGING WHICH ARE NOT ACTUALLY PRESENT IN THEM IN
ORDER TO ATTRACT CUSTOMERS SO MOTIVE OF OUR PROJECT IS TO DETECT NUTRIENTS IN A
BISCUIT

THEORY
Test for carbohydrates:

1) BENEDICTS REAGENT TEST

 Take about 1 ml of the aqueous solution of the biscuit in a test
tube. Add around 2ml of benedicts reagent (a sol. Of sodium
citrate and sodium carbonate mixed with a sol. Of copper
sulphate). Boil the mixture and allow it to cool

 The formations of red precipitate indicates the

presence of carbohydrates

2) FEHLINGS EFFECT

 TAKE ABOUT 2ML OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF THE BISCUIT

 AND ADD 1-2 ML OF FEHLINGS SOUTION A AND FEHLINGS
SOLUTION B.KEEP THE TEST TUBE IN BOILING WATER BATH

Fehling's A is a blue aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate

Fehling's B is a clear and colorless solution of aqueous 
Potassium sodium tartrate and a strong alkali

 THE FORMATION OF RED PPTS. INDICATES THE

PRESENCE
 OF CARBOHYDRATES

TEST FOR BICABONATES:

 TO A PINCH OF THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF BISCUIT ADD
DILUTE HCL.

BRISK EFFERVESCENCE INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF

INSOLUBLE CARBONATES

 
TEST FOR FATS:

 SOLUBILITY TEST:
 TAKE SOME AMOUNT OF BISCUIT POWDER IN THE TEST TUBE
AND ADD WATER TO IT SHAKE WELL.

A LARGE NUMBER OF DROPLETS SEEN INDICATES THE

PRESENCE OF FATS

TEST FOR PROTIENS:

 
1. XANTHOPROTEIC TEST:

 TAKE SOME AMOUNT OF BISCUIT POWDER IN A TEST TUBE

AND ADD 2ML OF CONCENTRATED NITRIC ACID (HNO3) INTO
IT AND HEAT IT.

Formation of yellow precipitates indicate the

Presence of protiens.
 2. BIURET TEST 

TAKE SOME BISCUIT POWDER IN A TEST TUBE. ADD 2-3ml OF

 NAOH INTO IT AND 4-5 DROPS OF 1% SOLUTION OF CUSO4

BLUISH VIOLET COLORATION INDICATES THE PRESENCE

OF PROTIENS

2.POTASSIUM SULPHOCYANIDE TEST:

 TAKE 2ML OF THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF THE BISCUIT IN A
 TEST TUBE AND ADD POTTASIUM SULPHOCYANIDE SOLUTION.

formation of BLOOD RED COLOUR indicate the

presence of IRON

TEST FOR CALCIUM:

AMMONIUM OXALATE TEST:

 TAKE 2ML OF THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF THE BISCUIT IN
A TEST TUBE AND ADD 1-2ML OF AMMONIUM OXALATE
[(NH4)2C2O4]. THEN ADD LITTLE AMOUNT OF NH4OH TO IT.

formation of WHITE precipitates indicate the

presence of CALCIUM IONS
TEST FOR IRON:

POTTASIUM FERROCYANIDE TEST:

 TAKE 2ML OF THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF THE BISCUIT IN A 
TEST TUBE AND ADD POTTASIUM FERROCYANIDE SOLUTION.

formation of BLUE COLOUR indicate the presence

of IRON.

TEST FOR AMMONIA:

NESSLER’S TEST:
 TAKE ABOUT 2ML OF THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF THE GIVEN
 SAMPLE OF BISCUIT AND ADD 1-2ML OF NESSLER’S REAGENT
 
Nessler’s Reagent: AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF POTASSIUMIODIDE,
MERCURIC CHLORIDE AND POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE.

FORMATION OF BROWN PRECIPITATES INDICATES THE

PRESENCE OF AMMONIUM IONS.

REACTIONS
TEST FOR CARBOHYDRATES:
1 BENEDICTS REACTION:

2 FEHLINGS REACTION:

TEST FOR BICARBONATES:

TEST FOR CALCIUM:

TEST FOR IRON:

TEST FOR AMMONIA:

ANALYSIS OF BISCUIT
GOOD DAY
TIGER
HIDE & SEEK
PARLE-G
 RESULT

CARBOHYDRATES:-   Present in all
BICARBONATES:- Present in all

PROTEINS:- Present in all

CALCIUM:-  Present in all
(except hide & seek)

IRON:-  Absent in all
(except tiger)

FATS:-  Present in all