ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES

INSTITUTE OF PSYCHOLOGY

MARITAL DIVORCE IN BAHIR DAR TOWN:

AJ OR CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND CONSEQUENCES OF

DIVORCE ON THE SPOUSES

BY

AFEWORK EYASSU

DOl ABA P . ... - •

\A U IVERS'
LIB R'ES
.O.BOX 117
• ElliIOPI

July , 2010
 MARITAL DIVORCE IN BHAIR DAR TOWN:
MAJOR CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND
CONSEQUENCES OF DIVORCE ON THE SPOUSES

A Thesis Submitted to the Institute of Psychology

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Master of Arts in Social Psychology

By

AFEWORK EY ASSU

1
 MARITAL DIVORCE IN BAHIR DAR TOWN:

MAJOR CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND

CONSEQUENCES OF DIVORCE ON THE SPOUSES

BY
AFEWORK EYASSU

Gradu

Advi or
lU ll 0

Examin r

,
ADDIS A

July 2010
 Acknowledgements

h
in h n
 Table of Conte n t
Pag
k \v l .. .••.. . •.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •••••• 1

. .. . ..... . • . .. ....................................................................... 11

....................... .. .................................................................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . •• . . . • • • . . .• , .• .• .•••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1

......... . ... . . . ............. . . . ....... ..................................................... ' II

CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION ...... .............. ... .... ...... ... ...... ... ...... ... ..... .. ...... .. .. .... .... . 1
1. 1 n .................. .. .... .. ... ... ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ... ... ..... .. .. .... .......... 1

1.2 f h
1.3 .... ...... .... .......... .... ........ ...... .... ... ... .. ......... .....
1. . 1 r h u I .... ... ........ .... ...... ...... ...... .. .... ..... .
1. .2 ... ... . .. . ........ . ..... . .... . .... .... . . .... .. . . . .. . .. . ... . .. ... ... . .

1. ..... .. .... ..... ...... ..... .... .. .. .. ... ..... ...... .. ...... .... 5
1.5 fini ti n ........ .... .... .............. .. ......... ..... ..... ... ....... ..... 5

1. 6 0 limi ti n r th ud .. ......... .. ........ ... ........ .... ...... ..... .... ... .... .... 5
CHAPTER TWO
2 . REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .. ............. .. .. . .... ....... .. ........ .. .. .. 7

2. 1 ur [ M arr i nd ....... ......... .... ... ......... ... ...... .. .. .... ...7

2.2. M jor rc
2 .2 .1.
.. .......... .. ...... .. .... 1

2 .2 .2 .1 E n ... ...... 1

2.3 on qu n f .. .... .. .. ...... .. ....................... ........ . ............ 1

CHAPTER THREE
3 . METHODOLOGy ...... .. .. .. ... .. .. ········ ··· ···· ·· ···· ·· ····· ·· ······· ····· ·· ·· ·· ····· ··· ··
3. 1 n ......... ...... .. .... .. .. ..... ... ..... ......... .... . .. .... ....... . .... .. ... .. ........... .

3.2 Th u Ar ...... ... .. .... .......... ............ .............. .. . ... .... ...... ..... ...
pul ti n .... .......... ....... ....... ...... ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... .... ...... . .

II
 Ii ............................•..........•••......................
11
...........................................................................

3.5 .
3.
3. 7
3. hi
CHAPTER FOUR
4. RE SULTS .... .... ... ....... ... ... ........ .................. ...... .... ....... .. ..... ....... . .. .. ... 7
4.1 k n h h n .... .. ... ............ .. .. . 7
.2 n f
.2 .1
4.2 .l.1
.2. 1. 2 ...... .. .......... ........ 3

h
Di
4 .2 .2
4.3 Anal f In rvl

CHAPTER FIVE
5. DISCUSSION .... ... .... ....... ....... .. ... ..... ...... .. ....... ..... .... ......... ........ .. .... .
5. 1F nribuin M n lui .. .. .... .. .. .. ... ... .... .. .... ..
5 .l. 1 n lu in .... .. .
5 .l.2 .. .. ........... .. ............. 5
5 . l.3 P h r

M HI .. .... .... ..... ....... ......... ................................... ........ ..... 5

5 .2. n qu n r ... .. .. ... ... ....... .... ...... ....... .... .. ....... .. ..... ... 5

III
CHAPTER SIX

6 . SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RE OMMENDATIONS .............. .

.1 ............. .... .................................................................. II ••

... ..... ............................................................................. .

........................................................................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. ..................... .................. ,. ............................ .
n ic
 List of Table
Page

........................................................................
..................................... ..

....................................... ...............
...... ...... .................. ....... . .........

rn
T bl
T bl ... ....... . 3
Tab! 1

..... ...... ... ........................ ..... ......

Tab! rn ( h ) .......... 3
Tab! ·········· ········ ... ··· ................. .. ..... 35
Tabl u .................... ............ ..... ... . 3
Tabl 1 hur n n r
h di ... ... .... ...... .......... ....................... ....... ............... 3
Tabl 15 . nlhl hu r h or .. .......... .... 37
Tab! 1 . Fr qu n n n n hi h u rch
··.· .. ......................... . 37
Tab! r h di ······ · .... ... ............. ... ... .... .3
Tabl 1 .... . ... .. . .. .... . .. . .... . ..... ... . . .........................

Tabl 1 ... .. .... ..... ... ... ....................... ...................

Tabl 2 \J r

..... ... ... ...... ........ ..... ............ ........ ... .. .... .3
Tabl
Tabl 22 .
Tab l 23 .
Tab l 2 . Y u r r
Tabl 25 . Y u r r hi h r

v
Abbreviations

L
H
II
 CHAPTER ONE
1 . INTRODUCTION

1 . 1 Background

h
ph
f ).

h il Oi
0 II h
ur h \V rl
divor r r rr

(Hab mu 1 ).

h rl r ch
In

m r
ra
In th nl
(20 5) 1m h

In m n n
m n

\'
r \ \V r
n In

m rn
 n n 1i iii 11

I ." 1 ).

r h
divorc r ng fr m 5 rc

contin n rg ,20 3).

In tr ditional gricultur li k ur rn

univ r al, wh r th r
education, s availa bili ty
and poverly, the xtent of m 1 bili

up In r
In Ethiopia, at least on -third f fir t m rn
separation and most of th pi In h fir

marriage (Central Statistic Authori 1 1

of marital instability IS ob rv d In Amh

d 27
Pathfinder quantitative survey In th
percent of marriages in urban a r a and 1
ended in divorce or separation (Pathfind r ln t rn
in addition to these, a three year data fr m
fr m tim r
showed that divorce in the region i
th
example, in South Wollo zone a thr
8552 individuals in 2000EC, 9599 indi
rl In
individuals breakdown their marria
ind i idu
from 1999EC to 2001EC, 7281 , 9144, d 10
res pectively. (Amhara higher court, 2002).

fth
Marital instability is not only th
n. hil
beyond the individuals who di Iv h
th lmm h h
other relatives of the coupl
 II ' il viII
n l
IIi

1 .2 Statement of the Proble m

i orc n f m n

an h

divorc
In th influ n d lh
explana ion. om of th
Liberation" wa th c u k

factors , including conomic c

increa singly tolerant attitud

People don't marry with th

according to a number of tudi
divorce. Because of its pr val nc , di
breakdown of a family (Olson & D frain , 200 ).

indi idu [r m nful

Divorce can have a positive outcom by fr In

II in (1 h
marriages that can not be ch ang d. Ho
divorcees are tied to many probl m
it desegregates the fami ly unity, i
u h pr
of
con tributing factor for most
hom
streetism , juvenile delinqu n
alcoholism and various other crim

The stress of separation and divor pi h m n n v m n k

for psychological and ph diffi ul .
Hetherington & Stanl I -H 1 5
hi h r r f hi ri C
separated and divorc d wom n d m n h
 k . 1 ).

r
1,

2
rl I h
3, r Lh
pou ?

1 .3 Objective of the Study

1.3.1 General Objective of the Study
hi
The g n r I bj f thi
h
Dar To n : M jor n tr i u in

pou
1.3.2 Specific Objectives
c rl ri I
l. T find out h m hi

m t bili
durin m

hildr n b
?
2. T
3 . T id

5. T
1.4 Significance of the Study
n 1

r
1. Th

r
n .
2.
in h

.5 Operational Definitions
arriage: i n I r I I uni
\ 'I
th
Divorce:
th
Sexual Incompatibility :
xp rt n
Marital Instability '
mari Ir I
Marital disruption; i

In th i tud t rm
In b ili

1.6 Delimitation of the Study

Ii
tim fln n n r C
u

rl I

u Ir
con u n n h
li
if

in
 CHAPTER TWO
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Nature of Marriage and Divorc e

II h

'l k

r ur

From h \\1

i ii
P r n

m rn
[am il
(e.g.
r
oth r b

7).
(e.g., b h P

young
th
R gi

k wi r h'
i ill
girl un
 Ii

n- . I II

According to (Article 77) r

mad: Wh r th p u h

pou m

p rro l d di
f (1) f

divorc b mutu 1

lh
v
inte n .
willin
r gar lr um l n
mo r th n hr

R - ppli
no if in
Ii
th m n
 1) if 11

2.2. Major Contributing Fa ctor or Sourc e to Divorc e

2.2. 1. Demographic Factor Contributin to Mr ri t I Di o lu t io n
rr

fm r

ch r i

1. Family Background Characteristics

In IVl U 1 r In

1 arn rp r
h y

hay n h di
Num
I. I
mari ili n

Ama 1 ).

2. Behavior prior to Marriage and Spouses' Characteristics at

t he Time of Marriage
hi h rnIn r

diffi
rnln
a d ith th hu

· ft'
3 . Age at Marriage

pp n h im
r

(1 7
In th r

of d clinin
(1 9)
they fir

that if

th un
b

pron m i jud
p tn r . A

pr
Thu
It
ind i u rn
h in I h
th un dul in
4. Re lig ion
11 1

r b bi li
unaffili (L ).

Religi n 1

marri
Struc uring th
beh 1 r i th i n m 5).

tudi hi h
religi n iii in

fa ll r
\i h ich

r.
c h Ii h I \J r iii

r ligi u

II
 h

hri
f oil
II II

5. Literacy Status and Educational Atta inm e nt

bet
h r \I ill

In hi pl fir m
n n r

n
• 'r III
u p p r In thi h 1 5
 h
h ,, 1)

. A ge Difference
I '\

fl,

2 ).
th hu h
).
hi h
I r r h' ir
r \,V

hu

7. Agreement of Marriage issued by who (type of marriage)

Type fm rn n r n

Accor mg
cc mp nL

oth r fr m r
De fr in
n hip ki ll
n d di l ik th

8. Period of Engagement / Acquaintance

rn
ng h r
iIi
.k
lon kin
p

2.2 .2 Psychosocial Factors Contributing to Divorce

111 ' d' l·tl

u
u h
ivo r

ju t
h
pm

Ther

Br In

a
 ) Ii 1r
l.

ru

r ul
n

In ul in

A or In n 1 1:
om
th

mplo m n
(19 h
la r
con ml
al 0 ci
signifi

of h
th
(o llin 1 ).
in

).

h Ii

ra n f r h

drin kin
r a n un

ar 10 r mil in m

2. 2.2 . 1 Economic and Sexual Factors Contribute to Divorce

Income and Employment

rio iii I
on prim
on ml h n
Ii in
n ml n
of Ii in
 h t h

Ii (1

.
n
un
n di ).

hi
1
fr qu n r
wilh h i
10
b b
m I r I ).
co m in th u
 ua l Prohl m

m h

50% f
di
d
fi h h
long r ur ( llin 1 ).

2 .3 Consequences of Divorce
lovin r hip r m rn rin

can h lp h m

( ,
P pI h
di
kill

hu

f mili
I ) our
among
the hou

Divor n n u

di

adj u

co mp r
xhi
m
fri n
 IIi , 1

In ' I t il<

I.

Th r tt '1/

Th
fi

cr
th
'klll \'
7).

divo r
marri
link

r I \
u
 CHAPTER THREE
3 . METHODOLOGY
Th

h 13 tiL

3. 1 Design
II h

3 .2 The Study Area

hir r T n v hi h i
purp
a ail

f mi li r n

r und 1 1 12 ( 2 7).

3. 3 Target Population
Th u p pu l i in \ 'h Ii"

Town,
the ir mpl int
org niz 1 n u h
d mini
a nd

L pp d
 7

3. 4 Sa mpling Technique
It hi

r
h
int rvl
h

the h Ir

3. 5 Instruments of Data Collection

Initial! n n I r

un

con

r IZ I h' Ii h
m h Ip I

.. m
h

h iii' (1'11

11

th m J r p
h p rLi
think
Ii

bo k n pr h 1 in

3. 5. 2 Interview Guide
n in rvi rn r n h

infor m
ab

h n (l

5 w r' I
 .5. Foeu d Group Di eu ion uid

. Th

.5.4 Validity of the Instrument

m n I ·It t III
iii
n

h \' 1

Th j

n
o

ugg
iffi
hav
fl r

m II
3 .6 Procedure of Data Collection

wn
too k pi V\ h r \V

ch ck if Ir \ . . 111·
coIl c for

3. 7 Data Analysis
In or r h ir .

m In

th m i

3 .8 Ethical Considerations

rou
R
th r n

co nfi ni l.
 CHAPTER FOUR
4. RESULT
lh ti

eli

n.
r tr I
di ell n

4 .1 Background Characteristics of the Respondents

Tab le 1. Respondents sex, age and educational tatu
No
1 Sex

T
2

7
l
 uc 7(5 .
h ir fir

Tab le 2 . Monthly income and sex

Income M F To t
N % N
0-1 4

501- 10 0 32 17
1001-2 00 22 11

2
2000
Total 75

A h n in th b bl 5 (i.

f mal) r p nd n t
p rc nt (i. n
150 d 500 . And 2 .
r po n n

r p n n

r p
4.2 Analy i of Que tionn- ir 0-t-
.2.1 Rc ult of Fetor ontributin t rit 1 lut i n
.2.1.1 0 ntributin t m rat lu t n
In

of

n m r hil r n .

Tab l 3. Age of respondents at the time of m rri

I Age at marriage Tot
N

1 7

30
To

A
n

of 25 II
 · 1

T ble 4. Age of the x - pou t th tim rm rri

of ex- pou e at th
tim of marriage

A lh rI Z

hu n
(24. %) r
n (13 . % )
30. imil r l
b lw n 25
roup b n
h yg
d pict h w rn

b tw n 0 nd
 bl . A of r pond nt nd p u t lh tim
bul a tion

I1

2 -2

25-

To I 5

T b I 6. Age difference during marriage

Ag difference Husband Wive . Tot 1
duri ng marriage N
Equ I r n

Mor
To I

In r

h
(1 .0%) h

(7.7%) hu n l. ;to)
 7 . Len n n m nl nd m rrl

n th of tim bin Hu b nd Wiv

cment and N
mu rria c

Ttl

Th in
iii

3 n
h n 2 r n
 bl du lion I t tu f th th
of th Hu
divor

(21.5%) j
( .0%) h
h no r
n
(2 . %) h .7

T bi 9. Ex-spouse educational tatu at th tim of m rri

Ex-spouse status of E -wiv Tot
education hu
N
 o h

bl 10. Respondent and x - pou du ti n i t tu th 1m

o ma rriage crosstabulation
pou R
duc tio n No formal
t tu e ducation

T ble 11. Contractual agreement of m rri u d (by whom)

A ree ment of
marriage
Tr

T
 h r

T bi 12. Number of year in m a rri g

ur tion of marriage Hu b nd Wiv To t

h n r

Total

r f fr qu n
35 (
p nt in m rri

couple n f r I r.
T bl 13. R li giou ffili tion of th p u
R li gi ou a ffili a tion Hu b nd Wiv

Thi II

r' l.
ng

T hIe 14. Frequency of monthly church or rno qu e t t nd n of th

divorcees
Churc h or mosque Male Femal
a te ndance N

Total

n m nthl h r h r • l

hy d
(15.7%) h. r I

r po nd n nd d r
T bl 15. Ex - pou monthly c hur h Or m nd n
- pou e monthly church M m ttl
or mo que attendanc N

17 (12. 1%) h l

tt n r m r Lim h.

T bIe 16. Frequency of respondents and Ex- pou e monthly church

o m osque attendance crosstabulation
Fre que ncy of Ex- monthl hur h To I
pouse monthly
churc hes attendance Not at aU

4 or mo r
monLh
Tot 1
T bl 17 . Fa mil y b ck ro und or th div r

P.., r ntal d ivorc Hu

h ir r n

T ble 1 8 . Pre sence of childre n

Prese nce of children Male

o
Tot 1

In£ r m . n fr m h
ondu t . Th findin
child r n in th ir m rri
lh y h n hildr n fr m h ir

Table 19. Number of children

Number of children Male Tot I
N %

To
 h

4. 2 .1.2 Economic Factor Contributin t

T bl 2 0. Did you encounte r w h n yu
o ur ex- po use
I onomic problems Ma l F
N N

[T t 1______--'-_
'rom h

(34 .3%) f h r n
h ir m rn
 P ycho oci I F nlribul t rlt lu I n
T bl 21. M jor Ii t of f ctor ntubutin
ontrib utin factor

4 .3.1 Results from Psychosoci F ctor R pon lbl f r lh

Dissolution of Marriage
cto r ri
2

r Ii
Th top ten factor checked by m I r p nd nt w r

3.

5. I n - I
%)
7.

1 . In fi 1i / ri 1

Top ten factors used by female re pond nt

5. U nh 1.

7.

,I
 .2.2 R ult about Con r n p u
bi 22. Did you ncount r con ml pr hi m
ono mic problem a ft r
divorce

I r

h I ' . 11· r 111

probl m

Table 23. Share of common prope rty

were you made Partition of 1N Ma l Fml

r
com mon property
y

o
To
If y ou say no for the above
ques tion do you encounter
conomical problems now .

T
 n

bl 24. Your attitud of m lu n

uc att itude of marriag

r m
m rn
1 U

ch n .7 , )
m rri lu i

T ble 25. Your relationship with oth r p opl ft r di o luti n

Re lation with other people M Ie f m I Tot I

Tt l
4. An lysi of Interview

1.

k
in
u ri
n
m rn
in

m J r
imm un
n m
ck unh

IC h w lh i
 onomic on equ nc or Div r

eli

f rni u r

uc

h l I 11
cu ).

c no

h h m
difficu l

\! rk r
d

h 1 r

oci 1 Consequence of Divorce

lV rc h n h h
un

chtl

h
m rn ~ r h h·h
 I it

d ie i n Ii

P ychological Consequences of Divorce

fLh

o\' n imp h
h di o r I w II
 CHAPTER FIVE
5. DISCU
1

h t

h h

5 .1 Factors Contributing to Marital Di olution

5. 1.1 Demographic Factors Contributing to M rit I o lu tion
Age at marriage
Th fin ding [ hi u d h
nd 10. % [ m
7.7% r th m

25 in
of iv b nd
25. H r
may be c n lud d n

h dis oluti n r th ir m rn

o t h
m ny c mmu niti
h

rr n

Th E hi H (2 5) r h
k

fir
\. h
ump
rn

div r

Ag difference of the divorcees during marri g

In th pr n tud
dif~ r

pr bi m

hi h r Lh d in iii
 h of time betw

in i

him , t h
tt r y
y ar: b lh I n r lh r ( ).

Educational status of the divorcees

U 1 indi d
di rupti n, th u
( oldman 1 1:
xplaini n th
ducatio n mm n
rolong c h olin

marital
xplain
lik lih
II

f rm
th m J n r
(l

II

Agr ment of marriage iss ue d (by whoml

ul f h in 7

marri t
parall I find in

Agr m n f m rn
of divo rc A
mor ac
marriag

Ison, 1
in relatio n hip kill
they t nd d t d i li k h Ii

Religious affiliation of respondents

ligio n i th r
r arc h \ 1

mn h h (W
h w

rh

un
r
r Ii ion

th findi n g h
t nd d 1 th m I h
p r en t a tt nd d b w n 2 n 3
b tween 4 nd mor tim m n h r
a tendanc i al 0 imi lar.

Econom ical problems

oney 1 a pnmary OU r r n I n I

h at, th majority of th di
problem in their m rn
howed that economical pr

income gen rating sector . .)

that many divorc d p opl
money f cto r in th ir m rri h

Incom g n rato r.

(Poth n, 1 87) add d h n

h n th hu band i
hi earning for non - nti I Ii Ii
Family back ground or Par nt 1 divorce
T

h v
ti n
1 ). Thu , it ~ und
contribu ion C r div r In

Presence of children
cau e f th v lu tt h d l t ,j r t

consider d an important
population (xampl, V
I iugo-Abanine 1988, T ky i 20
(1 980), sugg st that child I
rat than women with childr
that, (60. 7%) of the divor

children didn't save the

incongru nt with pa t
different factors such
towards marriage du to h
r ligious and co mmuni ty I d
days.
5 . 1.2 Economic Factors Contributing to Div r
Economic hards hip

in
m

for non- nti 1 r h rmful i

cl im hat 45% f II upl
limi ted, h figu r w II
r arch find ing
marital in bili a nd
the socio- con omic tatu
in tability (Ab j , 19 5 J
migration to searc h for rk
b tween couples , whi ch m inn u n
In addition to th is un mp l
greatly to m arital stre and di
goes to prove tha t economi h r hip
contribut d .

5. 1. 3 Psychosocial Factors that are Res pons ible fo r Di olution

of Marriage
Communication Problems
report d by th m jo ri r
problem w r th
marriag . Add d to
particip nt r v al d th t k
 hi,

oh r a
p r bl

l on, 1 ). Thi

congruen i th th r
1997 a ci d in
problems th m j iii .

Unplan ne d and unthought-of marriage

A r port d by th m j ri t ( 7. Vol h
un-though t of m a rri ag w r f
r sponsibl for their di luti n

the major fa cto r con tribu t d C r Lh

that unplann ed and un-th u h
I ad to m ri t 1 t n ion nd di
p ople do not m a k r tio n n
I ad to u npl a a n t or II
ha ter th c hanc of h ppin
dd d th h a nd p
divorce.
In - law interference
7 . %

findin

1
may b
ud ar

Unhealthy habits
7.1 % of th r pond n
b major r on for th
participan t from int rvi w
lik alcohol taking, smokin n
contribut d for divorc . Am
a th prominent on ,
p ronal di organiz tion Ad m
h alth and conomic pr bl m
not much uffici nt. IIi
u nder th inOu
hu band d
p cially low r cl n
cohol.
 or t p riod of acquaint nc

uf lei

\ it long
riou ly nd
1m . Ul ki m . f1

\ ith pr m it d
197 ).

n rally h In r u h k w hi I t
ogether. Th I n g r t h n
1 99) sup por ti n g t hi m n p r d .\
randwein t a1; ( 197 ).
5.2. Consequences of Divorc

l1 in

Economic consequence of divorc

n I

qu kill .It
itzm 7).

In h ud \

neoun n ml pr
idn

h
eu lady i nd hild Ii 'hi h Ie , I
lie

o t lh
hu ban,

r m ili
r a ft n limi
income ( ili r p
 h r c

Social c onse quenc es o f divorc

Th pr n ud
h h d
h wd h
h majori f th in t
ial pr bi m m
fri nd and h Ii k

imilarl , (Kumlach w, 2001) u

c u social tigm atizin g t r
th r wa considera bl oci
bad and bu ive m a rriag .
individual' satisfactio n , a nd th r
Ev n the p re ence of chil d r n d n
in the pas t.

Psyc hological consequence of divorce

In most instan ces , divorce i mp
a anxiety, guil t, s a dnes , d
thought of suicide. Pr occupi d
divorces work often suff r , nd
( ollins, 1988).

In the pr s ent s tudy it i fou nd h r

attitude toward s marriag , in (2 . %)
changed . Add ed th at, th
r v aled tha t th e di vo rc n
 1
p r nt
in p n I r mi li
[p hoi
mor oel 1 diffi
1 7) tat d th at for
ond a mon g th f r Ii
hu band or wif ).
 CHAPTER SIX
6. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RE 0
6.1 Summary
Th urp hi
T \ n:

im

To addre h
r tak n
qu tionnair w dmini
( rcentag and r ult fr m
r v aled th following findin .

The age composition show d h 011) w nl

(1 7%) of th respond nt
monthly income the majori (75%) f
P r month, (23.6%) earn b tv
earn above 2000 birr p r month . I
than men do .

Above 90 pe rcent of
marn
f mal respond nt
ag of 20.
Th r wa IX d m r r

divorc e (65%)
Th m ajori of th r n h

Of thes 53.6% h d n n
 r (
m rn
Th
fr m h ir
n in lh Ir
,. Th m jori ty ( 5.7 Vo )
pr bl m durin

m
m r~ r n h
(aH c ionat
incompabbility
th e major contributin
Bahir Dar Town .
Economical, 0 ial
th
majority of th r nd n .
6.2 Conclusion
I hi h Ii

•
•
•
m
• Wi
• Pr
• II

.:. From p
•
• Unpl n
• n mi
• in -I
• Unh
•
• Ab
• xu I in
• p r h m

.:. from consequences of divorce on the pou

• Econo mical
• ocial and
• p hologicaJ pr bl m
6.3 Recommendations
h r

1. Th

2.
by f hi h r rrr m
girl du ti n tri t
min imum ag t fir l m rri

to bring bou t r du ti

contribut In r I In

socie ty. Th r for ,

be addr s d by
school , Medias, and or
3. Th mod rn idea
coun ling) in matt r
probl ms hav to b intr du
minimize the probl m
may b
couns eling strat gi
4. The study show d th
less prone to divor
th e impacts of tr diti n
attention throu h p rti
Eld r (sh mgili
" h m g Ina". B id
r conciliation mu t b m
 h r

5.

Inl izin
un Ii
 Reference
1 1h /- lui :

nd ry, V. M

P
a lakri hn
M rri lu i
an , M. J (1 97). Marital Di ruptio
Ba ic Book
ck r, G. (1991) A Treati on th - 11111 II
Cambrid
onga rt , J.F & L R.( l
F rtility in
Review. 19(3) 11 -5 7.
randon, A. (1990). Marriag
West Africa:
and Nigeria.
randwein, R., C Bro\i n
Social Situation
Journal of M rri
umpa , .L. L & t, (l

American ociologi
 h rlin

oHin ,
n tn .

(1 3). The
ummary R port
A (19 3) The 1990 Nation I .
Ababa, Ethi pI .
A, (1 9 7) Fertility rv y 0 r 11 I.

Ethiopia.
A, (2007). Summary and
Housing Censu pul
Davis, k (1984). Wiv s d W rk
Revolution; Population nd
418.
D !campo, L & Delcamp. .( 1
mamage and th P, milt .

Guilford.
Doodsdpogi, B.(2005) . http:// hub
causes of divor
F'ortes, M. (1987). Family
Marriage, F' rtili
Oppong. G. Ad b
Australian N ti n
 It .

7 - 3.
01 m n, 1).
n p ru.
od W. (1 5 ). Aft r
H b amu W ndmu, (1
D mb
igh r C u rt of Amh r

iugo-Aban ih , U. (1
Nig ria ". Journal oj
J acquelin , L. C. (19 2). Th
York: Bant m c.
Jones, G. (1981): Malay Mamag
Decades of Chang
7(2) 255-278.
f ammeyer, K. W. (1987) . Mama I
Decisions. U A: All n
! umalchew Yemane Birh n (
Marital Dissolution In
Thesis Addi Ab b 111

L en, U. (1989). A Com a r ti

Differentials oj
Reproduction d
 7
h r

h r r, (1

1- 12 1.
hrer, E l (1 ). 0 t rmin
Analysis. Appli d
Longfellow, C. (1979). "Divor
York: B k
tandard, 2005, d.
cLanahan, S . & Bump ,L.L (1
of Family Oi rupti n. Am ri Tl

52.
M ger sa, Go bena. (1990). Rural-
and Dissolution in an
Thesis, DTRC, 10
M nken, J. & Trussell Jam
Demographic Influ nc
United Stat ." D m gr .)
Molise, N. (1984). "Nuptality Patt
African and A ian
Egypt, Cairo 0 m r hi
 ·H .

p nh
1.
hfin r In r n j n I • hi
ea rly Marriag
Addi Ab b .
oth n . (19 7). Divorc
N w D Ihi : Vik
r ton,
th a t End In

3 :435-4 60,
R vised Family Code, (2000). Th
2 13/2000.
Rh al Dem ke, (19 9 2) : Divor
Senior Essa Ad di
Addis Aba ba.
an trock, J. W. (2006). Life pan 0
Mc Gra w-Hill , In .
arantako , (2005) . Social . \' I •

Publisher.
mith, P. E (1954). The Appro h 0

Publishing Comp
TakYi , B. (2 001) . "Marit
Fac tors th t inn u n IV

Sociological Fo 2(1) 77·

 · ( iii

Th

Thorn on (1
h In

Th rn on , Axinn W , Hill
h bi ti n n
9 8 (3):2 68- 5 1.
Til on , U . (2 ).
M rriag d n
355-372.
an da Wall , E. 1968 . Marriag in
Demography of Tropi at
Prin ceton . Prin to n Uni
Wai e, L. J & Lehrer E. L (2003) Th
in th e United t t :A
Developme nt Revie w 2 75.
Wallerstein, J. S & Bla kesle ,
and Children. A decad aft r
Fields .
W s , Y. & Willis, RJ (1 997) . M h
Marital Dissolu tion . Joum
329.
Witzma n , L. J (1987) . The Divor
a nd Economic Con qu n
America. Collier M
Yaco b Zewodi, (1991). Fe rtility B h ior 0 I
\ I
th e Population Probl m in
IDR , Addis Aba b Uni r i r.
 ADDIS ABABA 'U NIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIE

INSTITUTE OF PSYCHOLOGY

A QUESTIONER PREPARED TO STUDY MARITAL DIV R I

BAHIR DAR TOWN:

MAJOR CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND ON EQU N

DIVORCE ON THE SPOU E .

ul .
 DEAR RESPONDE T

THI

Til

Til T W y T ' ILL 1 III

WILL

U D N T HAV ' T

H THE RI HT N T T T' I

T T THE RE ULT FTHI T

R E. WE THU REQUE T Y T

RE AND SINCERITY.

TH KY U
Appendix A
PART ONE: PROFILE OF RESPONDENT

n I
uc

PART TWO: Please, Read Carefully nd An w r h F 11 In

Que tions

1. old u h I i l ")

A. 1 r
.2 24
.25 0 0
0.3 1
2. Ho old our x- p u
A. 1 d und r
B. 20 t 24
c. 2 5 30
o. 1 d r
3. Wha i dirf r n In

A. qu l or n t m r th w

B.2 to 5
C. 6 t
. 1 nd
 h kl

n h
n h
r
E. 1 r
r

5. I f
of your marri ?
A. 0 ~ rm du
8 . El m ntary du ti n (1

D. condary duc
E . ColI g gradu t
F. First degree and
. What wa the highest I v r u
a the time of marriag ?
A. No formal education
8. Elementary education (1
C. J u nior secondary (7 to
D. Secondary education (
E. College graduat
F. First degree and abo v
7 .8 y who your marriag i u d?
A. Traditional (arrang d b
8 . Municipally (by choic )
. Religiously
D. ther
 Ih h
.I r

h h
.b
.b
. n ith r b Ion
10. Wha wa the fr qu n ur
A. n t at a ll
B. once or less
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or more times
11. What was the fr qu n f ur r h
• 11 h
atten dance?
A. no t at all
B. once or less
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or more times
12. Were your parents divorced?
A. Yes B. No
13. Did you have children from our x- ?
A. Yes B.
14 . How many children do yo u h
A. no B. 1-2
15. Did you encounter economi I pr I m
spouse?
A. Yes B.No
17. r

A. Y
1 . Your i ud fm
A. p itiv
20. Your r la ion hip with h r
A. good B. b d
p rt Three: information on th m jor ur
li st of factors that are aid to b
you be lieve that the given factor h d contrlbut d t th lu I n
of your marriage, please put ch ck I ) on th p pr td

1 -I "

- - - - - Al

- - - - - Ph bu

_ _ _ _Unpl nd n h
m n
_____ M rria
_ _ _ _ Unh al h h

hor p riod

- - - - - B havioral in
_ _ _ __ Wid ag dirf r n
lfishn

_ _ _ _ _ Di agr
_ _ _ _ _ Ab nc

_ _ _ _ H alth pr bl m

----- P or hom m n m
t rility

----- D rtion
n
- - - - Unkno n r
on
Appendix B
INTERVIEW FORM T

Name of the interviewer _ _ _ __ _ _ __

Date _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __
Total time taken _ _ _ __ __

Interview Questions

1. What we re the maj or r n rr ur

2. What would you say b
dissolution?
Appendix C
DISCUSSION GUIDE FOR FOCUSED GROUP 01

Name of the moderator _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __

Name of rap-porter _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ __
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Total time taken _ _ __ _ _ __

Discussion Points

1. What do you think a r h m J

town ?
2 . What do you think a r th m j
divorce in the town?
 Appendix A
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 Appendix B

'Vi _ _ __ __

fco nJ.m· 7.1 \, _ _ _ _ __

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----
 \

11

Appendix C

f'fJL/6-(J)' {l9° _ _ __ __ _

4>' _ __ _ _ __

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~ '11'1"'. /;\ "1?

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