Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Physical Education Class Xi 2022-23
Physical Education Class Xi 2022-23
Physical Education Class Xi 2022-23
AISSCE 2022-2023
PHYSICAL EDUCATION (048) PROJECT
Submitted by-
Class-XI Science & Commerce
Sec-
Roll No-
Guided by-
Vikash Residential School, Bargarh
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I went to express my deep sense of gratitude to my esteemed teachers
of Physical Education department Mr. Bijay Sarkar Mr. Pintu Saha and
Mr. Feroz Khan Without their scholarly guidance and judicious
suggestions, it would not have been possible on my part to complete
this project in time.
_____________________
BARGARH
ROLL NO__________________
DECLARATION
I_________________________________________________, a
Student of Std: XI of Vikash Residential School, Bargarh , Odisha hereby
declare that this project work executed under the guidance of our faculty of
Physical Education Department is completed personally by me to the best
of my knowledge and belief.
___________________________
ROLL NO:__________________
XI SCIENCE/COMMERCE
BARGARH
VIKASH RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL
Affiliated to CBSE New Delhi, Affiliation No: 1530084, School No: 53022
Vikash Enclave, Barahaguda Canal Chowk, Bargarh
CERTIFICATE
This to certify that this piece of work title
______________________________________ is being prepared and
submitted by ___________________________ for the partial fulfillment
of physical education practical examination for AISSCE-2022-2023 for
Std-XI under my guidance and supervision.
INTERNAL PRICNCIPAL
-----------------------------------INDEX--------------------------------
S.N0. GAMES/EVENTS PAGE DATE REMARKS
PRACTICAL-1
400 M TRACK & FIELD
3
Badminton
1. HISTORY
Badminton is a very popular racket game played by all categories
of male and female in the singles and doubles group. It was played in
the royal courts of England till 1873. It was inspired by an Indian
game Poona'. It spread rapidly with publication of its ules by
Colonel Selby' in 1867. The English Badminton Federation was
founded in 1893 and it conducted first All England Championship in
1899 (one of the most prestigious tournaments in the international
circuit). The Thomas Cup (for men) and Uber Cup (for women), two
other famous tournaments were started in 1948 and 1956 respectively.
The Badminton World Federation (BWF) was formed in 1934.
Badminton is very popular in south-east Asia. In 1962 Asian Games, it PAINTING OF POONA
was firstly included at Jakarta. Thailand and Malaysia have produced
many top players. The World Championship is being held after every two years since 1977. Badminton became an
Olympic Game in 1992 at Barcelona. Badminton Association of India (BA) regulates the team selection, training and
coaching to Indian players. India has also produced many good players like Prakash Padukone, Aparna Popat, Pullela
Gopichand, Syed Modi and Saina Nehwal.
2. LATEST RULES OF THE GAME
()In this game, the player hits the shuttlecock back and forth over the net with a racket.
(ii) Badminton is played in singles, doubles and mixed doubles.
(ii) There are two ways to win a rally, getting the shuttlecock to hit the opponent's side court or forcing opponent
to commit a fault.
(iv) A fault occurs when the shuttlecock is hit out of bounds, touches the court, does not go over the net, touches a
his clothes, infringement of rules, etc.
player or
(v) A game consists of 21 points continuous scoring, in the best of three games (all categories according to new
rules).
(vi) In case of tie at 20th point, the difference of two points will be considered for deciding game.
(vii) Continuous point scoring is followed according to new rules; the player who is serving if loses the rally, then
he will lose the right to serve as well as one point.
(vit) The points are told as 'Love Alr in the beginning. In singles game, all even points services are done from right side
of the half court and all odd points services are done from left side of own court.
(ix) Change of sides are done after each game and also on the 11th point in the final game.
own halt
Singles Game In singles
game one in each half
player and covers the
plays single
court area
of
cOurt by hitting the shuttle over the net. He performs all the even points services from the right side of the court to
All odd points performed from the left side of the
services are
side of opponents court like 0, 2, 4, 6, . . .
court afterward
the right same side in opponent's
that shuttle should land to the
court. The service is performed diagonally so
Usually a long and high
is as long as he is gaining points.
given
A continuous service
rally can go in singles court area.
2m 13.40 m (44') 2m
Singles
service
Single playing
area
for even Head
poins
String
23 cm
29 cm
65 mm Shaft
Doubles Doubles
service
playing area
area
25 mm
Handle
SHUTTLE
RACKET
Tips to Remember
13-40 m (44 Feet x 17 Feet) including lines
x 5-18 m
(i) Size of Badminton Court (Singles)
=
(ii) Height of Poles =1:55 m (5 Feet 1 inch) over sideline for Doubles
=1-52 m (5 Feet)
(iv) Height of Net at Centre =4.74 g to 5 50 g with 16 feathers
(v) Weight of Shuttlecock
(vi) Width of Lines =4 cm as part of court
=21 point game in best of three for all categories
(vii) No. of Points in Game
= At 20 all the difference of two points is considered
(viii) Deuce
(ix) Racket =68 long and 23 cm wide head
cm
a point.
Service: It is delivery of the shuttle to opponent court to begin the rally.
Service-Fault: Service is illegal, if it is delivered from above the waist level; both feet not stationary at the time of
delivery; delivered from wrong side of court; wrong player delivers the service.
Game-Point: It is the last point in the game by which game winner is decided.
Match-Point: It is the last point in the deciding game by which the match winner is decided.
Service-Court-Error : Ifa player delivers the service from wrong side of the court then it is given to opponent
Forehand: It is playing the strokes from the right side of the body (for right handed player).
Backhand: It is playing the strokes from the left side of the body (for right handed player)
Testing-Mark: A special mark over the sideline of doubles court to check the flight of the shuttlecock. If shuttle
lands within this mark then it is correct shuttlecock. It must be hit hard from long service line for singles from the
opposite side of court between the testing marks.
Let: It is redelivery of the same point. It is called by Umpire due to unforeseen situations like, Umpire is unable to
see the landing of shuttle ; fault at both sides of the players simultaneously; if receiver is not ready; shutle breaks
during rally ; lighting goes during rally; interruption or object fall during rally shuttle hangs over the top of net.
Waist-Fault: During service the shuttle has to be delivered below the waist level. Otherwise, waist fault is given
if service is delivered above the waist level.
Footwork: It is a specialised stepping performed by the player by which he covers whole court. A good player
uSually covers all sides of the court in one step from the centre.
Long-Service A variation of service in which a high and long service is delivered in opponent court close to end
line. It is usually performed in singles game.
Short-Service : A variation of service in which a slow service is delivered which lands just close to short service
line. It should be as low as possible, i.e., just touching the net. It is usually performed in doubles game.
Reverse Hand Service : A player delivers the service with backhand close to the body. It is usually performed by
good players.
Net-Drop: A drop which is placed from close to net in the opponent side. It makes inverted U' shape. It is also
known as hairpin drop.
Drive: A variation of forehand stroke in which shutle is hit hard but at low height.
Post: The net post over which net hangs dividing both sides equally. It is just over the sideline of doubles. The
neight is 5 feet 1 inch (1.55 m).
Net A mashed cloth which separates the two half sides of the court. The mash size should be so that shuttle
shou not pass through it. It is tightened over the net posts. The height of net at centre is 5 feet (1.52 m).
IOuld
Half-Smash: This is an offensive skill in which shuttle travels very fast in own half
in opponent side. It is a combination of smash and drop as
cOurt but lands close
to net
racket is just tilted before the hit which gives spin to the shuttle.
the net and lands
Drop: This is slow push to the shuttle so that it just crosses
Net-drop
near the net in opponent's court. It is taken from deep position and shuttle is contacted
at overhead swing of racket.
Net Drop : It is returning a close drop by placing the shuttle close to net in
opponent's court.
Service: The choice of side or service is done by tossing the coin or spin of the paddle. The
winner of toss has the first option whereas loser of toss has the other option.
(i) Service Rules: Service is performed to begin the rally where ball has to be returned after
two bounce across
the net (one bounce to own side of table and other
bounce on opponent side of the table across the
ball has to be tossed-up (with net). During service
open palm) without foot-fault. Let service Is re-delivered, if ball
of the net and lands touches the top edge
correctly. Two consecutive services are done in a row by player (for two
service opponent points). For wrong
gains the point.
( ) Change of Service: A player has to deliver two successive services on
two points, afterward the opponent
gets the right to serve from other side of the table. After the end of each game the sides are
changed.
(v) Rally or Return Service: A rally is exchange of strokes after service. A
of
across the net legally after one bounce on his side of table.
player has to return the ball
Player pressurises opponent to commit mistake or unable
to return
legally. Player wlho wins the rally gains a point.
(v) Game and Match: A 'game consists of 11 points. The player who reaches at 11 points first, wins the
(with difference of two points). In most of tournaments. a match is game
played for "best of five games for men and bes
of three games' for women.
(vE) T i e
Rule:
If there is tie of score on last point, i.e., '10-all ponis then service changes at each point until
difference of two points. This is also termed as Deuce'.
vi) Doubles Rules: The objective is sane in doubles game. During service, the player performs the service diagonally
so that
CrOss
s the net (over the cenre line) to both the players alternately by changing sides. In doubles. service rotates
receives then in turn. In rally, the team must hit the ball alternately, no matter where it lands on
h plaver serves and
the t a b l e .
PADDLE TABLE
Blade 85% wood Smooth Table is dark and matt for good ball visibility
Pips-out Pips-in
O
Cover options depending on
player's style of play and glued
Width
1.53m
Service
Net width
1.83 m
Length
2.74 m
minutes before the match
for best results
Covering rubber
3.5 mm maximum
76 cm
BALL
Lightweight plastic materal
SERVICE Diagonal
Ball must first service in
doubles
40 mm bounce on the server's
Weight
side of the table then
2.7 9 cross the net to bounce
on the opponent's side
Tips to Remember
(i) Size of Table 2-74 m (9 feet) x 1 52 m (5 feet) plane surface
4. TERMINOLOGY
Foot-Fault: The server during service should not change position of feet.
L
Let-Service It is given when service touches the top edge of net. t is delivered again.
ossing the ball has be tossed-up (with
the Ball During service to open palm). otherwise, service fault is given.
Service-Change : A player performs two successive services in a row to the
gets the chance to do the same,
opponent. Afterwards, opponent
no matter who wins the
point.
Wrong-Side Service : In doubles game, the service is
done
returns both the
diagonally in opponent side and same opponent
services.
Chop: lt is a kind of stroke in which ball has little bounce after it touches the table, i.e.. low bounce
opponent table. in
Topspin: In this spin, the ball accelerates fast after bounce and propels the opponent to play defensive stroke.
Backspin: In this spin, the bat (paddle) hits the ball in such a way that it travels far. The bounce is low and
slow.
Counter-Altack : It is a powerful stroke in return of good stroke.
6. IMPORTANT PERSONALITIES AND TOURNAMENTS
Farouk
(a) Arjuna Award Winners : J.C. Vohra (1961), G.R. Deewan (1964), Km Usha Sundararaj (1966),
R. Khodaiji (1967), Mir Kasim Ali (1969), G. Jagannath (1970), Km Kaity
Farouk Khodaiji (1971), N.R. Bajaj
Dua (1981), V. Chandrasekhar (1982), K.N.
(1973), Km Shailja Solanki (1976), Km Indu Puri (1980), Manjit
Shah (1989), M.S. Walia (1990), S. Raman
Mehta (1985), Km Monalisa Baruah Mehta (1987), Km Niyati
Achanta S. Kamal (2005), Soumyadeep Roy (2005), Subhajit Saha
(1999), C. Baboor (2001), Mantu Ghosh (2002),
(2006), Paulomi Ghatak (2009), Mouma Das (2013).
(b) International Personalities Jan-Ove
Waldner (SWE), Ding Ning, Li Ju, Lin Ling, Wang Tao, Kong
Linghui, Zhang Yining (CHN). ITTF
Games, Asian Games, World Championship, Grand League,
(c) Important Tournaments : Olympic
ranking, National Games.
SKILLS OF TABLE TENNIS
1. HISTORY
Tennis
Tennis is a racket game in which two
players or two teams (two
players each) send the ball over net in such a way that the
it difficult to return opponent finds
legally. Modern tennis has its roots in the old
French game of "Paume', for which the rules
were written
by Walter
Clopton Wingfield (French) in 1874. The first
at Wimbledon, in 1877 and championship took place
the first International
held in the United States in Championships were
1881, in Australia in 1905 and in France in
1925. Tennis was a part of the first
but it was withdrawn from the
Olympic Games in Athens in 1896
1988. The tennis governing
Olympics after 1924 but restarted in
body, International Tennis Federation
(1TF), was formed in 1977. Tennis is
played in most countries and
players range from6 years child to veteran of over 80 years. The
is played in men game
singles, women singles, men doubles, women doubles
and mixed doubles. Painting of First Wimbledon Championship
Today it is one of the most sophisticated games played both at amateur and
in tennis is to hit the ball across the
net into the
professional levels. The main objective
opponent'
points are scored by the players which lead to the winning of
s court so that
opponent is unable to return the ball.
This is how
games, sets and match. Tennis in
India Tennis Association (AITA) formed in 1920. India is regulated by All
India has produced many
had won Olympic silver in 1996 at Atlanta. good players in this game. Leander Paes
Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes duo
in doubles, they had won (doubles pair) is world ranked
many grand slams in doubles (men and Saniamixed). Mirza and Somdev Devvarman
are
upcoming players. India has achieved good status in tennis.
2. LATEST RULES OF THE GAME
() Choice Service: The choice of the court
of Side or
() Service
Rules : A player has to deliver the service behind the baseline. It
should be served
opponent's service court (same side) without touching top of net.diagonally
net.It should land correctly in across the
serve is let' which should be Net touched
replayed. Server has two chances to deliver the correct service (fault' or 'onecorrect
otherwise loss of point. In the miss')
beginning of each game, it is delivered from right side of court.
(ii) Return of Service To return the
service, the receiver strikes the ball after one bounce over the net and
boundaries of opponent court. within the
(iv) During Rally : After the service has been correctly returned, the
player may volley the ball (direct hit
bounce) or hit it after its first bounce and the points continue until without
one player fails to make correct
return
() Point Awarded: Point is awarded
if player fails
hit the ball over the net, hits the ball outside the
to
boundaries or fails to hit it before it strikes the ground second time on his side of the net. opponent's
) Win of Gameand Scoring : To win a game, player must win four points and by margin of two. The scoring goes
like '15, 0, 40 (Zero is referred to as love'). The server score is called uponfirst.
v) Deuce and End of Game : If both players reach 40 all', the score is said to be 'deuce'. The game continues
until a player achieves first 'advantage' and then 'game', i.e.,two point margin for 'game'.
v To Win Set : As points make-up a game, games make-up a set, and sets make-up a match. The player who
wins six games traditionally wins the set (although a two game margin is again required). A player who wins
five games cannot win the set before 7-5' (set score).
(u) Tie-Break : It is usualy played at six games all, i.e., '6 all' (set score). The tie breaker consists of an odd
munber of points with two point margin required. But in 12 points tie breaker the first player to reach 7 points
with margin of two; wins the tie breaker game and the set, *7-6.
) Match: 1n most of the tournaments, match is played with best-of-three sets' for men and women. In few
tournaments men play with best-of-five-sets.
Doubles- Match Rules : The samebasic principles of play and scoring applyto doubles. Service alternates
berween two opposing teams. The receiver receives the service on alternate points for that game.
Server
TENNIS COURT Area of play
TENNIS SINGLE TENNIS DOUBLES
COURT COURT
Douoes Mayng
NetPost/(1.06 m Area
Singles Service
Area
Feceiver's Partner
Receiver
Baseline Gm
Tipsto Remember:
Dimensions of Court= Singles: 23-77 m (78 feet) x 8-20 m (27 feet)
Doubles: 23 77 m (78 feet) x 11 m (36 feet)
Service Line =
6-4 m (21 feet) from net (including width of lines)
Height of Poles 1-06 m (3 feet 6 inch)
Height of Net 91 m (3 feet) at centre
Weight of Ball 57 g t 1g(2 ounce) made of rubber
Diameter of Ball 6:3 cm (2/, inch)
Racket 78 cm (30 inch) long and 31 cm (12/ inch) wide
Width of Lines 5 cm (except baseline, 7 cm)
Officials I Umpire, 1 Match Referee, 4 to 8 Linesmen, 1 to 4 Ballboys
4. TERMINOLOGY
In the game of tennis, points are told as 15, 30, 40 and game.
Scoring : has to take two
tied 40 all on both sides, then it is said as 'deuce. In this the player
Deuce: 1f the points are at
Advantage: The first player who wins a point after deuce is also known as 'Ad'.
Foot-Fault: The server shall not touch the base line while both the feet should be on ground.
Ace: The service which is unreturned by opponent.
Let: Service is considered let if it touches the net, strap or band whereas it lands correct or receiver is not ready.
Order of Service The server of first game shall receive all services in the next game and so on.
Change of Ends: Except in the first game, the player changes the ends after every two games.
Number of Sets: For men there are best of five sets and for women there are best of three sets.
Surface of Court: Court can be laid down over various surfaces like clay, grass, conerete (cemented), synthetic
or rubber pasted.
Backspun: In a stroke variation where ball spins back and it has slow speed after the bounce.
Break: When opponent wins the game in which he is receiving the services.
Topspin: A variation of stroke in which ball spins in forward direction. The ball goes high and speedily after the
bounce.
Stice: A stroke of volley in which direct coming ball is played near the net and it lands close to net in opponent's
Court.
Cross-Court: A stroke in which ball goes diagonally in opponent's court.
Down the
: A shot in which ball lands close to the sideline.
Line
Drive: A powerful ground-stroke hit with extra force.
Error If player does a mistake during game.
Overhead A shot which is hit above the head high
:
coming ball.
Set-Point: The last point to win the set.
Match-Point: The last point to win the match.
Tie-Break When the score is six all on both sides then tie-break is
played.
5. FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS OF TENNIS
Serve: This is the stroke that starts play. The server stands
behind the baseline and has two tries to send the ball into
the diagonally
opposite service court. The first serve in the match is made from the right side of the court and the players
then change sides after each
point.
Ground Stroke : They are
usually played from the baseline. It is used during rallies to provide a powertul and
accurate attack. It can be
played forehand or backhand.
Ground Stroka roun
Volley: These strokes are made betore the ball touches the ground. Volleys are usually made from close to the
Lob
Volley Smash
ANZ
Lob: It is stroke in which the ball is sent high and far so that it bounces close to the baseline. It should be hit
passover the opponent beyond his reach. It is usually played when opponent is close to net.
Surficiently high to
Smash: This powerful overhead stroke is in response to a lob and leaves little opportunity to respond.
Grip: There are many variations of grips. like continental, western and two-handed grip (manually used for
hackhand strokes).
(b) Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award Winners: Leander Paes (1999).
(c) International Personalities Sampras, Serena Williams, Venus Williams (USA), Boris
: Andre Agassi, Pete
Martina Navratilova (CZE), Ivan Lendl (CZE), Pat Cash
Becker, Steffi Graf (GER), Martina Hingis,
R. Federer (Switzerland).
(AUS). R. Nadal (Spain), M. Sharapova (Russia),
(d) Important Tournaments Olympic Games, Wimbledon, French Open, US Open, Australian Open,
Davis Cup. Gold (ranking).
Cup, ATP
Stadium (Germany), St. Lucie Stadium, Paris
(e) Important Stadiums: Wimbledon (England), Hamburg
CLTA Stadium (Chandigarh), Gandhi Ground (Amritsar),
Stadium (France). DLTA Stadium (N. Delhi),
Stadium (Hyderabad), R.K. Khanna Stadium (Chennai).
Jasowal Tennis Academy (Ludhiana), HLTA
SKILLS OF TENNIS