1+ The diffuser in a jet engine is designed to decrease the kinetic energy of the air entering the engine compressor without any work or heat interactions. Calculate the velocity at the exit of a diffuser when air at 100 kPa and 30 °C enters it with a velocity of 350 ays and the exit state is 200 kPa and 90 °C. Problem 4 —_ralh aon Pius Vo= Vp WRG. 363 GD y nel 2)" — Fam table ALLZ hp-2 363-Cot KTHSteam flows steadily into a turbine with a mass flow rate of 26 kg/s and a negligible velocity at 6 MPa and 600 °C. The steam leaves the turbine at 0.5 MPa and 200 °C with a velocity of 180 m/s. The rate of work done by the steam in the turbine is measured to be 20 MW. If the elevation change between the turbine inlet and exit is negligible, determine the rate of heat transfer associated with this process. } = pple blem 2, = pha 26 Kyls Tahoe & Pe one a i nce, fected = oe = Wout 4 a (nya In SE ye en Vale N¢ ae 2omle lice) 26 2658.3 2555.37- Carbon dioxide enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa and 300 K at arate of 0.5 kg/s and leaves at 600 kPa and 450 K. Neglecting kinetic energy changes, determine (a) the volume flow rate of the carbon dioxide at the compressor inlet and (b) the power input to the compressor. Properties The gas constant of CO> is R = 0.1889 kPa.m'/kg.K, and its molar mass is M = 44 kg/kmol (Table A-1). The inlet and exit enthalpies of CO, are (Table A-2 T.=300K > hy =9,431 10 /kmol 2 T,=450K > fh; =15,483 kJ/mol Analysis (a) There is only one inlet and one exit, and thus ri, = ity =r ‘The inlet specific vohune of air and its volume flow rate are = ( 2 ca-K] oR (0.1889 kPa -m?/ke-K| 300 X) — 9 5667 mike Fi 100 kPa U = rw, = (0.5 kg/s)(0.5667 m/kg) = 0.283 m*/s. 1 © We take the compressor as the system, which is a control volume since mass erosses the boundary. The energy balance for this steady-flow system can be expressed in the rate form as Eamon = SE yten” “= 0 ‘Ruteofmeteieraymmnster Rate of change mena Ket, Soy bet wes seaimaee ‘poten ets neeies By = Bou (hy = hy) = rly hy) ME (0.5 kg/s 15.483 -9,431 kJ/mol) 44 kg/kmol = 68.8 kW8- A heat exchanger is to heat water (Gp= 4.18 kJ/kg-°C) from 25 to 60 °C ata rate of 0.2 kg/s. The heating is to be accomplished by geothermal water (Cp = 4.31 kI/kg-°C) available at 140 °C at a mass flow rate of 0.3 kg/s. Determine the rate of heat transfer in the heat exchanger and the exit temperature of geothermal water. Properties The specific heats of water and geothermal fluid are given to be 4.18 and 4.31 ki/kg°C, respectively. Analysis We take the cold water tubes as the system, which is a control volume. The energy balance for this steady-flow system can be expressed in the rate form ae as Rok. 70 (tees) Brine Eg ~ Foe AE stem ° ner: ‘Rate of net energy tamsfer Rate of change in intemal, kinetic, ~~ — yet wat le ae by = be Gq +i, = Tilly (since Ake = Ape = 0) 4a ee Oo = itey Ty -F) ‘Then the rate of heat transfer to the cold water in the heat exchanger becomes = [rte Tone —Trn)Ivatr = (0-2 ka/5)(4.18 KITkg. °C)(60°C — 25°C) = 29.26 kW ‘Noting that heat transfer to the cold water is equal to the heat loss from the geothermal water, the outlet temperature of the geothermal water is determined fiom 29.26kW. 140°C = sac (O3kw/s\(4.31kIke.°C) O= [ite leg ~ZouVaeesate — FoeSteam is to be condensed in the condenser of a steam power plant at a temperature of 50 °C with cooling water from a nearby lake, which enters the tubes of the condenser at 18 °C at a rate of 101 kg/s and leaves at 27 °C. Determine the rate of condensation of the steam in the condenser. Steam 50°C 1 tor Properties The heat of vaporization of water at SO°C is ig, = 2382.0 kiikg, and specific heat of cold water is cy= 4.18 kifkg.°C (Tables A-3 and Ad) Anatysis We take the cold water tubes as the system, which is a control volume. The energy balance for this steady- ‘Steam flow system can be expressed in the rate form as 50°C. are, Eawbay = Ayan =0 1 Teele eel gang mate a= Fae Op + th, = tiny (since Ake = Ape = 0) {_, 1s¢ Qq, = the (E; -T) Woter Then the heat transfer rate to the cooling water in the condenser becomes sec} tcp Te ~ Te Vescing rte 10Tk/5\(4. 18 reg 9C)279C 18°C) = 3800kK/s ‘The rate of condensation of steam is determined to be 2 __3800kys ig B820%Kg Gh ss —> = 1.60 kgs10- Water enters a boiler at 200 kPa at 50 °C and supetheated to 350 °C. The heating energy supplied by a hot combustion gases entering the boiler at 600 °C and leaving the boiler at 150°C. Calculate the flow rate of the steam in kg/s if the air discharges by 50 m°/s. —Q = rire Cpt) fete kt ray toad | box 50) T=5: 2 2385 Kriky Fy 22094 RFUKG Qa X (hoki) 2 Ms (he by) 7135 = Way. (3)94,55- 209.34) : big = 9.15 kai ) peas),