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  • VINE

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    TONI
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    This document discusses different aspects of grape vines used for winemaking. It describes the main Eurasian grape species Vitis vinifera, which produces nearly all grapes used for winemaking, as well as three important native North American grape species. While American grape varieties are resistant to phylloxera, the wines they produce are considered to have unattractive flavors. The document also discusses how new grape varieties are created through crossings and hybridization, and how grafting techniques such as bench grafting and head grafting are used to combine phylloxera-resistant rootstock with desirable Vitis vinifera varieties.

    Original Description:

    There are thousands of different grape varieties grown in a vineyards throughout the world.

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    This document discusses different aspects of grape vines used for winemaking. It describes the main Eurasian grape species Vitis vinifera, which produces nearly all grapes used for winemaking, as well as three important native North American grape species. While American grape varieties are resistant to phylloxera, the wines they produce are considered to have unattractive flavors. The document also discusses how new grape varieties are created through crossings and hybridization, and how grafting techniques such as bench grafting and head grafting are used to combine phylloxera-resistant rootstock with desirable Vitis vinifera varieties.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    8 views2 pages

    VINE

    Uploaded by

    TONI
    This document discusses different aspects of grape vines used for winemaking. It describes the main Eurasian grape species Vitis vinifera, which produces nearly all grapes used for winemaking, as well as three important native North American grape species. While American grape varieties are resistant to phylloxera, the wines they produce are considered to have unattractive flavors. The document also discusses how new grape varieties are created through crossings and hybridization, and how grafting techniques such as bench grafting and head grafting are used to combine phylloxera-resistant rootstock with desirable Vitis vinifera varieties.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 2

    4.

    VINE

    VINE SPECIES DESCRIBE EXPLAIN


    1.VITIS VINIFERA This is the main Eurasian species.
    It produces nearly all the grapes used
    in winemaking.

    2.AMERICAN VINES There are three important species Unlike V.Vinifera, they are resistant to
    native to North America. They are Phylloxera (a vine pest that attacks
    rarely used to produce grapes for the vine’s roots), and so they are
    winemaking because the wines they widely used to produce rootstock
    produce are widely considered to onto which V.Vinifera vines are
    have unattractive flavours. grafted.

    WAYS TO CREATE A NEW VARIETY DESCRIBE EXPLAIN


    1.CROSSINGS When a new variety is produced from Pinotage (Pinot Noir x Cinsault)
    two parents of the same species it is \muller Thurgau (Riesling x Madaleine
    called a crossing. This term is most Royale) are well-known examples.
    commonly used when talking about
    V.vinifera
    2.HYBRIDS For grape growers, a hybrid is a vine Hybrids and American vine crossings
    whose parents come from two have a crucial role in modern grape
    different vine species. Typically growing, they are used throughout
    hybrids will have at least one the world of rootstock.
    American vine as parent
    PHYLLOXERA DESCRIBE EXPLAIN
    Phylloxera is an insect that is native to During one phase it lives
    North America and V.vinifera is underground and feeds on the roots
    unable to defend itself against this of the vine. Infections enter through
    pest the feeding wounds and over the
    course of a few years the vine is
    weakened and dies. American vine
    which evolved with Phylloxera are
    able to inhibit the underground louse
    by clogiing its mouth with a sticky
    sap. They also form protective layers
    behind the feeding wound preventing
    secondary infections.

    TYPES OF GRAFTING DESCRIBE EXPLAIN


    1. BENCH GRAFTING An automated process that is carried Short sections of cane from both
    out by a specialist plant nursery.. V.vinifera and the rootstock variety
    are joined together by machine and
    stored in a warm environment in
    order to encourage the two parts to
    fuse together. Once this happens, the
    vine can be planted.
    2.HEAD GRAFTING This technique is used if a grape The existing vine is cut back to its
    grower with an established vineyard trunk and a bud or cutting of the new
    decides to switch to a different grape variety is grafted onto the trunk. If
    variety between seasons. the graft is successful the vine will
    produce the fruit of the new variety
    at the next vintage. It takes a newly
    planted vine a minimum of three
    years to be able to produce a
    commercial crop.

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