Le diagramme bioclimatique

d’Olgyay
Éléments d’application
 Climate
Typical exterior
conditions as
experienced over
several years
 Weather
Description of
temperatures,
humidity,
precipitation,
wind, and
cloudiness
 Olgyay Bioclimatic Chart
Developed to quantify
shifts to comfort zone
– Adding moisture
– Adding ventilation
– Adjust MRT
– Adjust solar radiation
 Bioclimatic
Chart
100ºF/ 10% RH
28 grains H2O/# of air

86ºF/ 30% RH
275 fpm wind
7 grains H2O/# of air
78.3ºF MRT

48ºF/ 40% RH
295 Btuh Radiation
 Psychrometric Profile
Zone 4
 Psychrometric Profile
Zone 4
 Comfort Strategies

Approaches to thermal comfort

– Technology based
– Bioclimatic based
 Technology Based
Uses conventional
mechanical systems
as primary thermal
comfort strategy
 Technology Timeline
Pre 1900 Vernacular/
low technology
1906 Air-conditioning
1917 Curtain wall
1934 Thermopane window
1937 Fluorescent lighting
1945 Mass production
1951 Nuclear powered electricity
1972/1978 Energy crises
~1985 Smart technology
Bioclimatics
1995+ Technology + bioclimatics
Low Technology & Vernacular
Conventional Technology
Comfort Ventilation
Evaporative Cooling
High Thermal Mass
High Thermal Mass with Night Ventilation
Internal Gains
Humidification
Passive and Active Solar
Strategy Selection
100ºF/ 10% RH 86ºF/ 30% RH
Evaporative Cooling Natural Ventilation
High Mass Cooling Evaporative Cooling
w/ Night Ventilation High Mass Cooling

48ºF/ 40% RH
Passive Solar
(~1475 Btu/ft2-day)
 Bioclimatic Based
Uses building form
and climate
opportunities as
initial strategy
 Bioclimatic Architecture
Climate adaptive
– takes advantage of
local climate to
enhance comfort

Climate rejecting
– relies primarily on
mechanical systems
enhance thermal
comfort
 Climate Adaptive Buildings
• Architectural form creates microclimates
• Natural ventilation/daylight
• Seasonally dynamic
• Thermal mass
 Climate Rejecting Buildings
• Ignore local climate
• Primarily use HVAC
• Seasonally static
• Light weight material
Bioclimatic-
Residential
• Small scale, low rise,
personal user
Bioclimatic-Commercial
• Large scale, low,
mid and high rise,
public user
 Bioclimatic-Institutional
• High density, low
and mid rise, public
and personal user