PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY

PROJECT
Factors on which self
inductance of coil
depend

SUBMITTED BY GUIDED BY
NAME : ANSH GAURAV KUMAR YOGESH PARMAR
CLASS : 12TH SCIENCE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It would be my pleasure to express my

sincere thanks to Mr. Shyambabu Shukla
(Principal) of Ambe School for giving
teacher Mr Yogesh Parmar Sir in providing
a helping hand in this physics project. His
value guidance, support and supervision all
through this project title “Factors on which
self inductance of a coil depends” are
responsible for attaining its present form.
 INDEX

SR NO CONTENT PAGE NO
1 INTRODUCTIO 1
N
2 AIM 2
3 APPARATUS 3
REQUIRED
4 THEORY 4
5 CIRCUIT 6
DIAGRAM
6 PROCEDURE 7
7 OBSERAVTIONS 9
8 RESULT 10
9 PREACUTION 11
10 SOURCES OF 11
ERROR
11 APPLICATIONS 12
12 BIBLIOGRAPHY 13
1

Introduction
There are four basic factors of inductor construction determining the
amount of inductance created. These factors all indicate inductance by
affecting how much magnetic field flux will develop for a given
amount of magnetic field force (current through the inductor’s wire
coil.

The factors are:-

• NUMBER OF WIRE WRAPS, OR “TURNS” IN THE

COIL.

• COIL AREA.
• COIL LENGTH. 
• CORE MATERIAL
2

Aim

To study the factor on which the Self Inductance of a coil depends by

observing the effect of this coil, when put in series with a resistor (bulb)
in a circuit fed up by an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.
3

Apparatus Required

A coil of large turns, A.C. source of adjustable frequency, an electric

bulb, (6 V) A.C. ammeter of suitable range, rheostat, a soft iron rod, one
way key, connecting wires etc.
4

Theory
Self Inductance is the property of a coil which opposes the change in
current through it. The Self Inductance of a coil (long solenoid) is
L =μ0μr N2 A

Where μr= Relative magnetic permeability of magnetic material,

μr = μμμ°
 N= Total number of turns in solenoid
 A= Area of cross section of solenoid
 l= Length of solenoid

Hence, the Self Inductance depends upon

• No. of turns (N), L α N2
• Geometry of coil, L=A , L α 1/l
• Nature of core material, L= μ

When an inductor is connected in series with a resistor (bulb) with a

variable source of frequency, then current flowing in the bulb is

I rms=E rms
5
Z
Where Z= (R2 + ω2L2)½=Impedance of the A.C. Circuit
R= Resistance of bulb
L= Self Inductance of coil
ω = 2πf = Angular frequency of A.C. source.

The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat generated in bulb is

H= I2rmsZt
The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat generated in bulb is
H= I2rmsZt
Or,
P=H/t= I2rmsZ
P= I2rms(R2 + ω2L2)½

Circuit Diagram
6

Procedure
 Make all connections as shown in circuit diagram.
 Switch on the A.C. supply and adjust the constant current in the
circuit by using the variable resistor (R1) (let frequency of source
is 60 Hz and voltage is 6V).
 Record the current in A.C. ammeter and see the brightness of bulb.
 Now, put the soft iron rod inside the inductor core and record the
current in A.C. ammeter and again check the brightness of bulb.
The current and brightness both decreases.
 Now, switch off the supply and decrease the frequency of A.C.
source (say 50 Hz).
 Again switch on the supply and adjust the current in circuit at same
constant voltage 6V by using the rheostat. Note the current in
ammeter and brightness of bulb. The current and brightness both
will increases.
 Again insert the iron in the core of coil and note the current and
brightness. The current and brightness both decreases.
 Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different frequency of A.C. source
(say 40 Hz,30 Hz and 20 Hz).
7

Experimental setup :
8

Observations
 Least Count Error= 0 A.
 Zero error of ammeter =0 A.
 Range of ammeter = 0-5 A.
S No. Frequency of applied Current in Current in
voltage(Hz) ammeter without ammeter with
iron rod in coil iron rod in coil
(A) (A)
1. 60 2 1.8
2. 50 2.5 2.3
3. 40 2.9 2.6
4. 30 3.4 3.25
5. 20 4.1 4
9

Result
• The current in the circuit decrease on inserting the iron rod in the
core of coil at constant frequency of applied voltage and brightness
of bulb decreases and vice-versa.
• The current in the circuit increases on decreasing the frequency of
applied voltage and vice-versa. Therefore, the brightness of bulb
increases.
10

Precautions
• The coil should have large number of turns.
• Current should be passed for a small time to avoid the heating
effect.
• There should not be parallax in taking the reading of ammeter.

Sources of Error
• The resistance of circuit may increases slightly due to heating
effect of current.
• There may be eddy current in soft iron coil.
11

Applications

The applications of self-inductance include the following.

 Tuning circuits
 Inductors used as relays
 Sensors
 Ferrite beads
 Store energy in a device
 Chokes
 Induction motors
 Filters
 Transformers
12

Bibliography
 https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Inductance&ved=2ahUKEwj08Iniro7lAhUJqI8KHTf0AnYQFjAD
egQIBBAB&usg=AOvVaw2P7iDjtFkUuM4sVZ3Xvuee

 https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ukessays.com/essays/
education/self-induction-and-mutual-
induction.php&ved=2ahUKEwj08Iniro7lAhUJqI8KHTf0AnYQFj
ASegQIAxAB&usg=AOvVaw101-
LPrKSTgDiDwgKYZPHV&cshid=1570596884921

 https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://phys.libretexts.org/
Bookshelves/Electricity_and_Magnetism/Book
%253A_Electricity_and_Magnetism_(Tatum)/
10%253A_Electromagnetic_Induction/10.92%253A
%2509Self_Inductance&ved=2ahUKEwjWhcLMsY7lAhVMdCs
KHdOGAD4QFjAFegQIBRAB&usg=AOvVaw2BBdsgbr538c7M
-b_dO4e9