PROCEDURE TEXT

A. Introduction

Procedure Text is a text that explains or tells us how to make or use something. This text is familiar to
us because we often encounter in our daily lives for example when we want to cook Cooking can be
enjoyable activity if we like it but there are some people lazy to cook or even afraid because they
cannot make delicious food. To help them, people who cannot cook can see recipes. Recipes are very
helpful. When we want to make delicious food, we need recipe because there are steps that can lead
us to do it. Recipe is an example of procedure text. Another example is book instruction. When you
buy a new TV or a new phone cell, there must be a book instruction in the box. Book instruction is
also one of the examples of procedure text. Then, when you want to download something from the
internet, there are steps before you do that. Those steps are also procedure text, It usually called
manual.

B. Main Section
1. Defenition

 Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a
sequence of actions or step. It explains how people perform different processes in a sequence of
steps. It uses how to operate or use a product or tools, to make something new step by step
completely. (Neneng Hendriyani,2021)

 A manual is instructions how to do something or how to operate something through a sequence

of steps. Manual refers specially to a reference document which provides detailed information
about operation and maintenance of a product.

2. Types of Procedural Texts

a. Texts that instruct how to do a particular activity
Recipes, rules for games, science experiments, road safety rules, how to do it (manuals).
b. Texts that instruct how to operate things
How to operate an appliance, a machine, the photocopier, the computer

3. Social Function
The purpose of procedure text is to show how something is made/used/done through sequence of
steps to achieve the goal.

4. Generic Structure
 Goal/ aim
It is contain the purpose of the text. (e.g.: How use a digital camera))
 Materials/ingredients
It contain of the materials/ ingredients that used in the process. (e.g.: a digital camera, an
object, etc)
 Steps
It is contain of the steps to make something in the goal. (e.g.: first, Hold up the camera
second, center the object in the LCD,etc etc)

Not all types of procedural text include material. In the manual text does not always include
material needed or used because the manual text only explains how to run or operate
something

5. Language Features
 Use simple present tense (e.g.: press, search,start,hold etc)
Simple present tense is used to describe habits, unchanging situations, general truths, and fixed
arrangements. The simple present tense is simple to form. Just use the base form of the verb: (I
take, you take, we take, they take) The 3rd person singular takes an -s at the end. (he takes, she
takes)

The simple present tense is used:

To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions
and wishes:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large
city (general truth)
To give instructions or directions:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
To express fixed arrangements, present or future:

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 Your exam starts at 09.00
To express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.

Verbal Simple Present

(+) Subject+V1(+s/es)+Object

(-) Subject+ Do/Does+Not+V1+Object

(?) Do/Does+Subject+V1+?

Forming the simple present tense:

Affirmativ Interrogative Negative
e

I think Do I think? I do not think

You think Do you think? You do not think

He thinks Does he think? He does not think

She thinks Does she think? She does not think

It thinks Does it think? It does not think

We think Do we think? We do not think.

They think Do they think? They do not think.

Notes on the simple present, third person singular

In the third person singular the verb always ends in -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') + the
infinitive of the verb.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays
Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes

Nominal Simple Present

  (+)   Subject+to be (am/is/are)+Object

  (-)   Subject+ to be (am/is/are)+V1+Object

  (?)   to be (am/is/are)+Subject+V1+?

*notes:
To be am used for subject I
To be is used for subject He, She, It
To be are used for subject I, You, They We

Examples
They are not from the same class
Are you Mr. Hadi?
Is she a student?

 Use of imperative (e.g.: hold up the camere, center the object in the LCD ,Press shutter all
the way down, etc)
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 Imperative is the words that used to request, offer advice, issue a command, or give an
instruction. To put it bluntly, an imperative sentence is a sentence that tells somebody to do
something.

Characteristic of Imperative Text Sentence

- Use imperative
- Use verb (verb 1)
- Does not use subject
- Use exclamation mark
Example of imperative sentence
 - Wash your clothes using this soap.
- Fix your laptop in this shop.
- Go to the market by walking straight to the north about 300 meters.
- Press and hold the lower volume and on/off button to screenshot.
- Insert your coin to activate the arcade machine.
- Mix coffee and milk in ratio 50:50 to make latte.

 Use of action verbs (e.g.: press, search,start,hold, etc)

Definition of an Action Verb

According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, an action verb is defined as “a verb that expresses
action. ‘Drive’ in ‘We often drive past their house’ and ‘think’ in ‘Let’s think about the problem’
are both action verbs.”

Examples of Action Verbs Used in Sentences

Action verbs mostly appear right next to the subject at the beginning of a sentence. Let us look at
the following examples to get an idea of how they are used.

 My mom reached home at 5:20 p.m. (The root verb ‘reach’ used in the simple past form is the
action verb in the sentence)
 The little girl ran to her mother the moment she saw her. (The verbs ‘ran’ and ‘saw’ are the
action verbs in the sentence. They are simple past forms of ‘run’ and ‘see’)
 Let us take the wounded dog to the veterinary hospital. (The action verb in the sentence is
‘take’ used in its simple present form or the original form)
 Cherina is singing the most recent song of A. R. Rahman. (The verb ‘singing’, used in the
present continuous form, is the action verb in the sentence)
 I wrote a letter to the bank manager requesting for a bank statement. (The verb ‘wrote’, used in
the simple past form, is the action verb in the sentence)
Action verbs can be used to represent different tenses by using the different forms of verbs.
Check out verb forms to learn more.

Everyday Action Verbs List

Here are some action verbs that can be used in everyday communication.
Run Walk Talk

Share Sit Stand

Jump Keep Bring

Buy Drink Chew

Sing Speak Drive

Travel Teach Learn

Play Dance Skip

Try Move Lift

Make Cook Read

Write Test Ring

Call Clear Stitch

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 Use of numbering or connective of sequence ( e.g.: first, second, then, after that, next, finally,
etc)
 Use of adverbial phrases (e.g.: for five minutes, etc)
An adverbial phrase is a group of words that functions as an adverb. Adverbial phrases contrast
with adverbial clauses and single-word adverbs. Unlike an adverbial clause, an adverbial phrase
does not contain a subject and a verb.
Like adverbs, adverbial phrases serve a range of functions, some of which are explained below.
Type Function Example
Manner Explain how something Emir spoke of his daughter with pride.
happens
Place Explain where something I threw my coat on the chair.
happens
Purpos Explain why something I’m going to the airport to pick up my
e happens aunt and uncle.
Time Explain when something Let’s go for a walk after dinner.
happens

6. Examples of Procedure Text

Contoh 1

How to take picture use a digital camera

Materials

 A digital camera
 An object (a friends or something that you can find)

The steps below to take pictures :

 Hold up the camera and center the object in the LCD 

 Move closer or use the zoom control for the result you want
 When you are ready to take the picture, hold the shutter halfway. it is very important, so the
camera sets the focus, shutter speed, and various other calculations.
 A light should appear that let you know the camera is set to go
 Press shutter all the way down. it may be necessary to turn off the LCD and use the view finder
when there is more extreme sunlight of to conserve battery. the glare from the LCD does not work
well with more bright light.

Contoh 2

How To Use Rice Cooker

Materials

 Rice cooker
Directions :

 Add the rice to the rice cooker pot. Read the directions on the rice package, and measure rice
according to these instructions. Use a regular measuring cup for this step, since rice cookers
sometimes come with non-standard measuring devices.
 Add the amount of water specified on the rice package. Be careful not to fill the cooker beyond
the overfill line.
 Put the rice cooker pot into the cooker unit, and cover the pot with the lid. Most cookers come
with a tight-fitting lid, but if your lid is too loose, consider adding a layer of aluminum foil.
 Plug in the cooker and push the button to start cooking rice. If your cooker has a timer, you
may choose to have the rice cook at a later point in the day. Some higher-end units include a
warmer, which will help the rice stay warm after it has finished cooking. While the rice is
cooking, refrain from lifting the lid to check on it.
 When the rice is done, the cooker will beep or make a clicking sound

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 Contoh 3

How To Call Person

Steps:

 First, press the “power” button.

 Second, search the name of the person
that you want to call in contact list or
press the number you want to call
 Next, press the call button (green button)
 Then, wait until the other accept your call
 Then, start the conversation.
 Last, press the “Call Off” button to end the conversation
(red button)

Contoh 4

How to Operate TV
Steps :
 Plug the cable television into
electricity
 After that, press the power
button to turn on the
television
 Wait untill the televison
show the picture
 Choose the channel that you
want to watch use the button
or the remote.
 Set the volume use the remote or button volume
 The last, if you want to turn off the television you can use the power button

C. Closing Section
1. Conclusion
To understand the procedure text, you should do three things that important in procedure text:
Find the theme, find the generic structure of text and make sure you understand all of the part of
that generic structure and remember the sequence of the procedure.
2. Suggestion
The writer hopes the criticism from the readers can help the writer in perfecting the next
learning material.
D. Refererences
 Widiati ddk (2018) “Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 2018. Buku Siswa Mata
Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris kelas XII. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan”.
 britishcourse.com “ Procedure Text; Definition, Generic Structures, Purposes, Language
Features” accessed on Thursday, 1st December 2022
 Bobo.id “Contoh Dialog Bahasa Inggris: Text Procedure, Termasuk Resep”accessed on
Thursday, 1st December 2022
 Bobo.id “Imperative Sentence: Pengertian, Ciri-Ciri, dan Contoh Kalimatnya” accessed on

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 Thursday, 1st December 2022
 Byju’s.com “Action Verbs | Explore Definition and Examples” accessed on Thursday, 1st
December 2022
 scribbr.com “Adverbial Phrases (& Clauses) | Definition & Examples” accessed on Thursday,
1st December 2022
 Ef.com “Simple present tense” accessed on Thursday, 1st December 2022
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3tTMbDKSvMg
 http://elimarseliana.blogspot.com/2015/07/procedure-text-definition-purpose-types.html
 https://www.ruangguru.com/blog/aspek-procedure-text-dan-contohnya
 https://nhwork.web.id/2021/05/09/procedure-text/
 http://gestin-orirue.blogspot.com/2012/11/digital-camera.html