Arab Academy for Science & Technology & Maritime Transport

College of Engineering & Technology

Department of Basic & Applied Science

Mathematics 2
Sheet
 Arab Academy for Science & Technology
&Maritime Transport
College of Engineering & Technology
Department of Basic & Applied Science

Syllabus for Math (2) - BA 124

Week Sheet Topics Lec Sec. H.W.

1 1 Definition of indefinite integrals 1-10 1-8 1-5
1 Table of famous integrals

2 1 Simple rules of integration 11-23 11-22 6-28

1 Fundamental theorem of calculus

3 1 Fundamental theorem of calculus 24-29 23-33 29-34

2 Integration by parts 1-5 1-6 1-4

4 2 Integration by parts 6-10 7-12 5-12

2 Integration of rational functions 12-13 12-13 13-14

5 2 Integration of rational functions 14-21 14-22 15-26

6 3 Integration of trigonometric powers 1-12 1-12 1-9

7 3 Trigonometric substitution 13-21 13-18 20-25

8 3 Integration of quad. Forms 18-29 18-30 9-19,26-27

3 Reduction formulas 30-34 31-37 28-36

9 4 Definite integration 1-4 1-4 1-7

10 4 Area & Volumes 5-9 5-9 8-13

11 4 Length of a curve 16-18 15-17 21-24

4 Average of a function 19-20 18-20 25-28
4 Numerical integration 21-23 21-23 29-32

12 5 Matrix algebra Section A Section A Section A

13 5 Solution of systems of linear equations Section B Section B Section B

Through : Gauss, Cramer, inverse matrix
methods

14 5 Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors and Cayley- Section C Section C Section C

Hamilton theorem

15 General Revision
 Table 1

N.B: All the following rules should be known by heart.

Some famous integrals:

x n 1 dx x
1. x
n
dx 
n 1
 c, n  1 13.  a2  x2 a
 sin 1
c

dx x
2. 
dx
 ln x  c
14.  a x
2 2
 sinh 1  c
a
x
dx x
15.   cosh 1  c
3.  sin x dx   cos x  c x a
2 2 a

 cos x  tan x dx   (sec 2 x  1) dx  tan x  x  c

2
4. dx  sin x  c 16.

 sec x  cot x dx   (cos ec 2 x  1) dx   cot x  x  c

2
5. tan x dx  sec x  c 17.

 cos ecx cot x dx   cos ecx  c 1 x sin 2 x

 cos x dx   1  cos 2 x dx   c
6. 2
18.
2 2 4
7.  sec x dx  ln sec x  tan x  c 1 x sin 2 x
 sin x dx   1  cos 2 x dx   c
2
19.
2 2 4
8.  cos ecx dx   ln cos ecx  cot x  c
 sec x dx  tan x  c
2
20.
9.  tan x dx  ln sec x  c   ln cos x  c
 cos ec x dx   cot  c
2
21.
10.  cot x dx  ln sin x  c   ln cos ecx  c
e dx  e x  c
x
dx 1 x 22.
11.  2  tan 1  c
a x 2
a a ax
23.  a dx  c
x
dx 1 x
12.  2  tanh 1  c ln a
a x 2
a a

Trigonometric formulas:

sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1
cos A cos B 
1
cos( A  B)  cos( A  B)
tan 2 x  1  sec 2 x 2
sin 2 x  2 sin x cos x
sin A sin B  cos( A  B )  cos( A  B )
1
2
cos 2 x  cos 2 x  sin 2 x
sin A cos B  sin(A  B )  sin(A  B )
1
 2 cos 2 x  1 2
 1  2 sin 2 x

Some useful rules:

a 2  b 2  (a  b) (a  b) If ax 2  bx  c  0
 b  b 2  4ac
x  2ax  ( x  a)  a
2 2 2 then x
2a
Definition of indefinite integration:

d
 f ( x) dx  F ( x)  c, where f ( x)  F ( x) 
dx
F ( x)

Properties of integration:

i)  c f ( x) dx  c  f ( x) dx

ii)  f ( x)  g ( x) dx   f ( x) dx   g ( x) dx
Where c is a constant

Some basic rules:

u n1
Rule 1:  u n u  dx   u du 
n
c , where n  1
n 1
u du
Rule 2: u dx 
u  ln u  c
u du
Rule 3:  u
dx  
u
 2 u c
 Sheet#1
Lecture Examples
Section A:
( x
2
3.  2 ) 2 dx
x x
2
1.  3 dx
1 4
dx 4. ( 
x2 x x
 2 ) dx
2. 4 x

Section B: Integration by substitution

x 1
(e
2x
7. ) 2 dx
5.  tan x 2 dx 9.  x cos(ln x ) dx
e
4x
8.  5 x dx
 sec sec x
2
6. 3x dx
10.  dx
x

11.  ( 7 x 2  4 )6 x dx dx
18. 
x ( 1  ln x )3
x2
12.  dx ( 1  cot x ) 3
20 x 3  4 19.  dx
1  cos 2 x
1  2x3
13.  dx 20.  ( 3  4 cos x ) 2 dx
4
2x  x  1

14.  tan 3 7 x sec 2 7 x dx 1  sin x

21.  dx
cos 2 x
15.  cos 6 2 x sin 2 x dx 1  cos 2 x
22.  dx
sin 2 x
16.  sec 8 x tan x dx
dx
23. 
17.  tan x cos 5 x dx x  x ln x

Section C:

dx dx cos x
24.  x2  9 26. 
x 4  9 ln 2 x
28. 
4  sin 2 x
dx e x  e2x
25.  dx
27.  2 x dx 29. 
25  16 x 2 e 1 x ( 1  ln 2 x )

Page 1
 Sheet#1
Classroom Exercises

Section A:

1 2
1. x x  2 dx 2.  (x 
2
) dx
x

Section B: Integration by Substitution

 cos 5x  cot e
x
3. dx 6. ex dx

x dx
e
sin x
7. cos x dx
4.  sin 2 5x 2
 (e
2x
8.  e 2 x ) 2 dx
1
 x sec
2
5. ln x dx

 ( 3x  2)  tan x
10
9. dx 16. ln | cos x | dx

dx tan 3 x
10.  5  2x 17.  cos 2 x dx
x dx 1  ln x
11.  4 20x 2  1 18.  dx
x

 cos
4
12. ( 9x  6) sin( 9x  6) dx 8  tan x
19.  1  sin 2 x dx

tan 1 x
 sec
2
13. (7 x  3) tan 2 (7 x  3) dx 20.  1  x2 dx

cos x  sin x
14.  cos x  sin x dx sin 2x
21.  1  sin x 2
dx

1
 x ln x
2
15. dx sin 2x
22.  sin 2 x dx

Page2
 cos 2x
 ( x  1)
3
25. ( x  1) 3 x dx
23.  cos x  sin x dx
1
 (x
2
26.  ) 6 x 8 dx
 (sin x  cos x)
2
24. dx x

Section C:

dx
27.  4  x2 cos x dx
31.  a 2  sin 2 x
dx
28.  1  9x 2 dx
32. x 4  9 ln 2 x
dx
29.  16  9x 2 x  sin 1 x
33.  1  x2
dx
e x dx
30.  1  ex

Page3
 Homework#1
1 4 dx
1.  x  x x  2 dx
15.  sin 1
x 1  x 2

5x
2. e dx
16. 
dx
dx x ln x ln ln x
3. 
cos 2 7 x
sin 2 x
17.  dx
Sec 2 (ln x ) 1  cos 2 x
4.  x
dx
sin 2 x
5.  cot( 5 x  7) dx 18.  1  sin x 2
dx

 tan x sec
2
x dx
a
6. x2
19. x dx
ln x
7.  x dx 20. e
( x2 4 x3 )
( x  2 )dx

x
8.  x2 1 x dx  dx
21. 2
5
(1  3 x ) 2

z
9.  (tan 4 z  cot 4
) dz
22.
dx
 x ln x 2
2
x dx sin 1
x
10.  x 3
 1 23.  2
dx
1  x
cos x
11.  sin 2 x dx 24.  sec( 7 x  2) dx
12.  (sec x  tan x ) dx
2 sec 2 x
25.  (5 tan x  3) 6 dx
dx
13. x 1  ln 2 x 1  tan 2 x
26.  tan x dx
dx
14. 
cos 2 x tan x 1
Page 4
  ( x ) e x dx
2
cos ec dx
27.
31.  1  e 2 x


x x 5
28. e ( e  3 ) dx 3x  2
32.  25 x 2  49 dx
dx
29.  tan 3 x sin 3 x dx
33.  x  x ln 2 x
dx
30.  9  x 2
34.  cos
4
x  2 cos 2 x sin 2 x  sin 4 x dx

Page 5
 Sheet#2
Lecture Examples

Section A: Integration by parts

1. x cos x dx 6. x
2
sin x dx

2.  ln x dx
7.  x 3 (ln x )2 dx

3. x sec 2 x dx
8.  ln 2 x dx

e
( x2 )
4. ( 4 x  3 ) dx
e
2x
9. cos x dx

 ln( x
2
5.  1 ) dx
10.  sin(ln x ) dx

Section B: Integration of rational functions

Long division:

x 5  8 x 3  16 x 2x3  x2  9x  4
12.  x2  4
dx 13. 
x2  4
dx

Partial Fractions:

dx dx
14. 
18.  x3  2x2  x
( x  1 )( x  1 )
x2  3x  3
2
4 x  6 x  30 19.  dx
15.  ( x  1 )( x  3 )( x  5 ) dx ( x  1 )( x 2  4 )

5 x 3  28 x 2  47 x  30
x3
20.  ( x 2  9 )( x  3 )( x  2 ) dx
16. dx
( x  2 ) ( x  1 )2
9  7x  x2
21.  dx
x ( 1  x )3 ( x  2 )
17.  ( x  1 )( x  1 )2 dx

Page 6
 Sheet#2
Classroom Exercises

Section A: Integration by parts

x x
2
1. sin 3 x dx 7. e 5x dx

x
6
(ln x ) 2
x e
4 x 8. dx
2. dx

ln ln x
3. x ln x dx 9.  dx
x
4. x sec x tan x dx 10. e
x
sin x dx

x
4
ln x 4
 x dx
dx 3
5. 11. sec

ln(ln x )
6.  x dx 12.  cos(ln x ) dx

Section B: Integration of rational functions

Long division:

x5  1 2x 3  x 2  3x
12.  x 2  1 dx 13. 
x2  1
dx

Partial Fractions:
x2  1
x 2  3x  4 18.  (x  1) 3 dx
14.  dx
( x  1)(x  2)(x  3)
2x  1
x5 19.  ( x  1) dx
15.  ( x  1)( x  2) 2 dx ( x  2)

x2  5x  1
2
x  4x  1 20.  2 dx
( x  1)( x  2)
16.  x2  x
dx
2x 3  x 2  6x  3
4 21.  dx
17.  x 2 ( x  2) 2
dx x4  1
2x 3  3x 2  x  2
22.  ( x  1)(x  2)(x 2  4) dx

Page 7
 Homework#2

1. x sec 2 x dx 7.  ( x  4) e 2 x 3 dx

e
x
 tan
1
2. x dx 8. sin 3 x dx

x
4
3.  ln( x  1) dx 9. ln x 4 dx

4.  x cos 2
x dx 10. x tan 2 x dx

5. x
2
e 5x dx 11. x 3x dx

x
2
e
2x
6. cos x dx 12. ln e 5 x dx

x7  3x5  3x3  x 4x 2  8x  4
13.  dx 20.  dx
x2  1 ( x  1) 3 ( x  3)

3 x 3  2 x 2  13 x  9 x 2  22x  2
14.  dx 21.  dx
x2  4 ( x  5) ( x 2  4)

dx 4x
15.  22.  x 4  1 dx
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)

x dx 3x 4  x 3  2x 2  6
16.  23.*  dx
( x  1)( x  2)( x  5) x 2 ( x  1)

3x  5 x 2  5x
17.  dx 24.  dx
( x  3)( x  7 ) x2  4

4x dx
18. 
( x  1)( x  1) 2
dx 25.  ( x 2  x )( x 2  2x  1)
5 4 2x2  2x  2
x x 8 26.  dx
19.  dx ( x  1) 2 ( x 2  1)
x 3  4x

Page 8
Page 9
 Sheet#3
Lecture Examples

Section A: “Trigonometric powers”

a) Integrals of the form  sin n x cos m x dx

 sin  sin
4
1.
3
x cos 5 x dx 6. 2 x cos 4 2 x dx

 cos
2
2
7. x sin 4 x dx
2.  sin 3 x cos 3 x dx

 cos
2
8. x sin 2 x dx
 cos x
4
3. sin 2 x dx

4.  cos 3 x cos 7 x dx 9.  sin 3 x cos 2 x dx

 cos
3
x dx
5.

 tan
n
b) Integrals of the form x sec m x dx

10.  tan x 
3
Sec 3 x dx 13. sec 2 x
4
dx

6 sec 4 x  sec
4
11.  tan x dx 14. x tan 2 x dx
5 tan 3 dx
12.  tan x sec x dx 15. 
cos 3 x

Section B: “Trigonometric substitution”

Prove the following:

a2
16.  a 2  x 2 dx  2
sin  1 ax  x
2
a2  x2  c

x x 2 a 2 2 x 2 a 2
17.  x2  a2 dx  2
 a2 ln x  a
c

x x2 a2 a2 x x2 a2
18.  x 2  a 2 dx  2
 2
ln a
c

Page 9
Solve the following integrals:

x2  9 23.  x 3 4  x 2 dx
19.  dx
x

x2 24.  x 2 1  x 2 dx
20.  dx
3  x2

dx
25.  8  2x  x2 dx
21. 
x 
3
2
4 2
4  sin 2 x
26.  dx
sec x
x3
22.  dx
9  x2

Section C:
Ax  B Ax  B
Integrals of the form  ax 2  bx  c dx and  ax 2  bx  c
dx

dx dx
27.  4 x 2  16 x  12 33.  x2  4x  3
dx dx
28.  34. 
3 x 2  16 x( 3 x  5 )

dx dx
29.  35. 
1  x  x2 8  2x  x2

dx
30. 
x2
dx 36. 
x2  2x  3 x ln 2 x  4 ln x  3

cos x dx
31.  2
x
dx 37.  2
x  6 x  15 sin x  4 sin x  12

x2  1 10 x
32.  dx 38.  dx
10 2 x  8( 10 x )  12
x  2x  1

Page 10
Section D: Reduction Formulas.
Prove the following reduction formulas:

 x dx
n
39. sin  In  1
n sin n 1 x cos x  n 1
n I n2
sin 4 x
And hence find:  dx
cos ec 2 x

 cos
n n 1
40. x dx  In  1
n sin x cos x  n 1
n I n2
 cos
3
And hence find: x dx


n n 1
41. tan x dx  I n  1
n 1 tan x  I n2

 tan
7
And hence find: x cot 2 x dx

n 1 n2
42.  sec x dx  In  tan x sec n  2 x  I n2
n 1 n 1
 sec
5
And hence find: x dx

Page 11
 Sheet#3
Classroom Exercises

Section A: “Trigonometric powers”

a) Integrals of the form  sin n x cos m x dx

 sin x
2
cos 5 x
3
1. dx
 sin x cos 5 x dx
3
6.
cos 3 x
2.  sin
4
x cos 2 x dx 7.  sin x
dx

 cos
7
3. x sin 3 x dx 8.  sin 2 x cos 3 x dx

4.  sin
4
x cos 4 x dx 9.  sin
2
x cos 4 x dx

5.  sin 3 x sin 5 x dx

 tan
n
b) Integrals of the form x sec m x dx

3 4
 sec
4
10.  tan x sec x dx 13. x dx

3 5 sec 3 dx
11.  tan x sec x dx 14.  cot 3 x
4 x sec 4 x dx

2
12.  tan 15. sec x tan x dx

Section B: “Trigonometric substitution”

Solve the following integrals:

x2 dx
16.  dx 19. x 9  x2
1 x2
x4 x5
17.  x dx 20.  dx
2
1 2
1 x2
dx x3
18. x 2
1 x 2
21.  x 2
4 
2
dx

Page 12
22.  2  4x  x2 dx 24.  7  x2  6x dx

23.  x2  4 dx

Section C:
Ax  B Ax  B
Integrals of the form  ax 2  bx  c dx and  2
ax  bx  c
dx

dx dx
25.  1  9x 2 32.  x 2  4x
dx dx
26. 
16  9x 2
33.  6x  x 2  7
dx ( 6x  7 ) dx
27.  34. 
7  6x  x 2 3x 2  7 x  11

dx sec x tan x dx
35. 
28.  x 2  2x  5 sec 2 x  2 sec x

6x sec 2 x
29.  dx 36.  dx
4  x2 tan 2 x  6 tan x  10

dx ex
30.  x 2  4x
37. 
e2x  2e x  5

dx
31.  2x  x 2

Section D: Reduction Formulas.

Prove the following reduction formulas:

 x dx
n
38. sin  In  1
n sin n 1 x cos x  n 1
n I n2
And hence find:  sin 6 x cos ec 3 x dx

Page 13
  cos
n n 1
39. x dx  In  1
n sin x cos x  n 1
n I n2
And hence find:  cos 5 x sec x dx


n n 1
40. tan x dx  I n  1
n 1 tan x  I n2

And hence find:  tan 5 x dx

n 1 n2
41.  sec x dx  In  tan x sec n  2 x  I n2
n 1 n 1
And hence find:  sec 3 x dx

Page 14
 Homework#3
Evaluate the following integrals:

 sin
5
1. x cos 5 x dx
 tan
2
9. x cos 5 x dx
 cos
9
2. x sin 3 x dx
10.  tan x sin 2 x dx
 sin
2
3. x cos 2 x dx

cos 3 x
11.  sin 7 x cos 5 x dx
4.  sin 2 x dx
12.  sin 4 x sin 2 x dx

 cot
3
5. x sec 4 x dx
13.  cos 5 x cos 3 x dx

 tan
3
6. x sec 6 x dx
14.  cos 7 x sin 2 x dx

 tan x
3
7. sec 7 x dx

 tan x
6
8. sec 4 x dx

Evaluate the following integrals:

x3  x dx
15. 
1  x2
dx 20.  x2  9
dx
16.  21. 
dz
x 9  x2
2z  z 2

17.  x 2 4  x 2 dx dx
22. 
2  3x  4x 2
18.  x 2  6 dx
dx
23. 
dx 6  x 2  8x
19.  2x 2  4x  4
dx
24.  x ( 3x  5)

Page 15
 32.  sin x 1  cos 2 x dx
( 2x  6)dx
25. 
x 2  8x
cos 2 x dx
33. 
( x  3)dx sin 2 2 x  5  2 sin 2 x
26.  4x 2  4x  9 sin 2 x dx
34. 
sin 3 x  9 sin x
3x  1
27.  x 2  2x  2 dx
35.  ( 1  tan 2 x )4 dx

sec 2 x dx
28.  e x dx
tan 2 x  4 tan x  8 36. 
e2x  e x  1

10 x dx
29.  e 2 x dx
10 2x
 6(10) x  12 37. 
e4x  2e 2 x  5

30.  x 2  6x dx

31.  2x  x 2 dx

Prove the following reduction formulas:

 x dx
n
38. sin  In  1
n sin n 1 x cos x  n 1
n I n2
And hence find:  sin 6 x dx

 cos
n n 1
39. x dx  In  1
n sin x cos x  n 1
n I n2
And hence find:  cos 6 x sec 3 x dx


n n 1
40. tan x dx  I n  1
n 1 tan x  I n2

dx
And hence find:  cot 4 x dx

n 1 n2
41.  sec x dx  In  tan x sec n  2 x  I n2
n 1 n 1
dx
And hence find:  cos5 x

Page 16
 Sheet#4
Definite Integration and it’s Application
Lecture Examples
Section A: “Definite integration”

2 3
 x  3 x  1 dx
3 2
1.
1
3.  9  x2 dx
0

3
2 2x  1
2.  sin
0
2
x dx 4.  (x  1)(x  2) dx
0

Section B: ”Area & Volumes”

5. Find the area of a figure bounded by the lines y = x, y=8 and x=0.

6. Find the area of a figure bounded by the parabola y 2 = x+2 and the
line x = 2y-1.
7. A figure bounded by y = x 3 , y=4 , y=1 and x=0.
a) Find the area of this region.
b) Compute the volume Vy of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the y-axis.

8. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the following curves:

x2 = 2-y , x = 0 , y = x. (Consider the region in the 1 st quadrant)
a) Find the area of this region.
b) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

9. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the following curve

y= sin x , x = 0 , x =  .
a) Find the area of this region.
b) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

Page 17
Section C: ”Length of a curve (arc length)”

The length of a curve y  f (x) between x = a and x = b is defined by:

b
l   1  ( y ) 2 dx
a

b 2 2
 dy   dx 
While in parametric form l       d
a  d   d 

10. Find the length of the curve y  x for x in [0,1]. 2

3
11. Find the length of the curve x  3y 2  1 for y in [0,4].

12. Find the length of the hypocycloid x  a cos 3  , y  a sin 3  for

  0, .
2

Section D: “ Average of a function”

13. Find the average of the function y  x 2  2 x  1 from x =0 to

x =2

14. Find the average of the function y  cos 2 4 x from x = 0 to x =
4

Section E: “Numerical Integration”

Trapezoidal rule:
b
h
 y( x) dx  2 ( y
a
0  y n )  2 y1  y 2    y n 1 

Simpson’s rule:
b
h
 y( x) dx  3 ( y
a
0  y n )  2 y 2  y 4    y n  2   4 y1  y 3    y n 1 

Note: step size h = (b-a)/n , n (no. of intervals) must be even for Simpson’s
rule, if n is not given it is assumed to be 6.

Page 18
 2
dx
15. Compute  4  x 2 by the Trapezoid rule and also Simpson’s rule,
0
then find the absolute error for both methods, and hence give an
approx. value for  .

4
dx
16. Compute  x  1 , by the Trapezoid rule and also Simpson’s rule,
1
then find the absolute error for both methods, and hence give an
approx. value for Ln (2.5).
1
2
17. Compute  e
x
dx ,using both the Trapezoid and Simpson’s rules,
0
take the number of intervals n=10. (answer Simpson = 0.746825,
Trapezoid = 0.746211)

Page 19
 Sheet#4
Classroom exercises
Definite Integration and it’s Application

Section A: “Definite integration”

1 1

1.
2


dx 3. x tan 1 x dx
0 4  x2 0

3
1 2x2 3x3
4.  dx
3
x
2. ex dx (x 1)(
x 2
2x5)
0
0

Section B: ”Area & Volumes”

5. Find the area of the figure bounded by the x-axis, x=4 and y = x.

6. Find the area of the region bounded by y=x 3 and y=8 and the y-
axis.

7. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the following lines:

y = x, x +y=6 , y = 0
i) Find the area of this region.
ii) Compute the volume Vy of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the y-axis.

8. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the following curve

y= (x-2)2 , y = x.
a) Find the area of this region.
b) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating
this region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

Page 20
 9. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the ellipse
x2 y 2
 1
16 9
a) Find the area of this region.
b) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

Section C: ”Length of a curve (arc length)”

 
10. Find the length of the curve y  ln sec x for x in
 4 , 3  .

11. Find the length of the curve given by y = t2+3 , x = 2t+2 from t =0
to t=4

12. Find the length of one arc of the cycloid x  a   a sin  ,

y  a  a cos  .

Section D: “ Average of a function”

3
13. Find the average of the function y  x  x  1 from x=0 to x=1

14. Find the average of the function y  sin 3 x from x = 0 to x = 

2
15. Find the average of the function y  sec 2 x from x = 0 to x =

2

Page 21
Section E: “Numerical Integration”
1
dx
16. Compute 0 1  x 2 by the Trapezoid rule and also Simpson’s
rule, then find the absolute error for both methods, and hence give
an approx. value for  .
2
dx
17. Compute 
1
x by the Trapezoid rule and also Simpson’s rule,
then find the absolute error for both methods, and hence give an
approx. value for Ln2.

 cos x
2
18. Compute dx ,using both Trapezoid and Simpson’s
0
rules.

Page 22
 Homework#4

Definite integration:
 
2 2
1.  cos
2
x dx
 cos
3
5. x sin 2 x dx
 0
2


4
4
2.  3x 2  2 x dx
6.  tan
2
x sec 4 x dx
3
0
1/2
dx
3.  
2 4
0 1  4x
 sec
3
7. x dx

0
2
4. x sin 2 x dx
0

Area & Volumes.

8. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the following curves:

y = x, x +y=6 , x = 0
a) Find the area of this region.
b) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

9. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the following curves:

y = (x-2)2 , y = x.
a) Find the area of this region.
b) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

10. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the circle

x 2  y 2  16 (Consider only the region in the 1 st quadrant)
i) Find the area of this region.
ii) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

Page 23
11. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the circle
x 2  y 2  9 , y  x (Consider only the 1st quadrant)
i) Find the area of this region.
ii) Compute the volume Vy of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the y-axis.

12. A region in the xy-plan is bounded by the two curves

y2=x, x2=y
i) Find the area of this region.
ii) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

13. (*this is an A-student question*)

A region in the xy-plan is bounded by : y=2x , y=x , y = x3
(Consider only the region in the 1 st quadrant)
i) Find the area of this region.
ii) Compute the volume Vx of the solid generated by rotating this
region one complete revolution about the x-axis.

Length of a curve (arc length):

14. Find the length of the curve y  3x 2 for x in [0,1].

1  
15. Find the length of the curve y  ln sec 3 x for x in 0, 9  .
3
16. Find the length of one arc of the cycloid x    sin  , y  1  cos  .

17. Find the length of one arc of the hypocycloid x  4 sin  , y  4 cos 
for   [0,  ] .
2

Average of a function:

18. Find the average of the function z  y 3  3 from y = 0 to y = 2

2
19. Find the average of the function y  sin x from x = 0 to x = 

2
20. Find the average of the function y  cos x  sin x from x =0 to x = 

2 
21. Find the average of the function y  tan 4 x from x = 0 to x =
2

Page 24
Numerical Integration:

1
2
dx
22. Compute 
0 1 x2
by the Trapezoid rule and also Simpson’s rule,

then find the absolute error for both methods, and hence give an approx.
value for  .

2
x dx
23. Compute  2 , by the Trapezoid rule and also Simpson’s rule,
1 x 1
then find the absolute error for both methods, and hence give an approx.
value for Ln (2.5)

6
4 dx
24. Compute 1 x  1 . by the Trapezoid rule and also Simpson’s rule,

then find the absolute error for both methods, and hence give an approx.
value for Ln (3.5)


sin x
25. Compute  dx ,using both Trapezoid and Simpson’s rules.
/2
x

Page 24
 Sheet#5
Linear Algebra
Lecture Examples

Section A: “Matrix algebra”

Given:
 6 3 0  1 2 0 7 2 0 
     
A    3 6  2 , B   2 1 0  And C   1 2 3 
 0 3 4  0 1  2  1 1 2 
    
Find:

a) A+2B d) AB g) (AB)-1

b) A+AB+AC e) BtAt h) (B-1A-1)

c) At f) A-1

Section B: “systems of linear equations”

Solve each of the following using Gauss Elimination method, Cramer’s

method and the inverse matrix method:

1) X + Y+ Z = 2 3) 5Y +7Z = 2
X +2Y –Z = 0 6X +9Y+8Z= 5
2X -Z = 1 2X +3Y + 3Z = 2
(sol: x= 1 ,y = 0, z=1) (Sol: x= 1 ,y = -1, z =1)

2) 2X+ Y+ Z = 8 4) Y +Z+2X = 1
4X+Y = 11 4X + Y = -2
-2X+2Y+Z= 3 Z - 2X + Y = 7
(sol: x= 2 ,y =3, z=1) (sol: x= -1 ,y = 2, z=1)

Page 26
Section C: “Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors and Cayley-Hamilton theorem”

[1] Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the given matrix:

3 0 0 1 6 0
   
a) A  0 2 0 b) A  0 2 1
 4 0 1   0 0 2 
 

[2] Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, find the inverse of the given

matrix

1 1 1 0 5 7
   
a) A  1 2 1 b) A  6 9 8
 2 0 1  2 3 3 
 

 2 1 1  2 1 1
   
c) A 4 1 0 d) A 4 1 0
 2 2 1   2 1 1 
 

Page 27
 Sheet#5
Linear Algebra
Classroom Exercises

Section A: “Matrix algebra”

Given:
 3  2 0  1 1 0 1 1 2 
     
A    2 3  2  , B  1  1 1  And C  1 2 3 
 0 6 5  0 3  2  0 1 3 
     
Find:

a) AB
d) BtAt g) (AB)-1
b) AC+AB+2B
C e) C-1 h) (B-1A-1)

c) AI+2C-3B f) (Ct)-1 i) (B-1A-1)-1

Section B: “systems of linear equations”

Solve each of the following using Gauss Elimination method, Cramer’s

method and the inverse matrix method:

1) 2X + 2Y – Z = -6 3) X + 2Y +Z = 3
X – 2Z = -3 2X –4Y =4
-3X +Y + 4Z = 2 5X -2Y - 6Z = 4
(sol: x= 1 ,y = -3, z=2) (Sol: x= 2 ,y = 0, z=1)

2) X+ Y- Z = 3 4) X -2Y =3
2Z +2Y = 4 2X + Y +2Z = 5
Y+4X-3Z= -2 3X – Y - Z = 2
(sol: x= -3 ,y =4, z=-2) (sol: x= 1 ,y = -1, z=2)

Page 28
Section C: “Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors and Cayley-Hamilton theorem”

Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the given matrix:

5 0 0  2 4 0
   
1) A  0 5 0  2) A 0 2 0 
 5 1 0   0 0 2 
 

[2] Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, find the inverse of the given

matrix

 2 2 1 1 2 1
   
a) A 1 0 2  b) A  2 4 0 
 3 1 4   5 2 6 
 

1 1 1 1 2 0 
   
c) A  0 2 2 d) A  2 1 2
 4 1 3   3 1 1
 

Page 29
 Homework#5
Given:

 2 3 0 1 1 2    2  4  2
     
A  5 2 1  , B  1 1 3  and C   6  2  4
 0 3 4 0 2 4 0  5  7 
     

Find:

a) BA+BC+B2 d) (Bt)-1 g) BA- B-1

b) B-1 e) (BA) t h) (AB) t (Bt At)-1

c) At f) At Bt i) B ((A – B) B-1)

Solve using Gauss Elimination method then resolve using

Cramer’s method:
1) X - 2Y =7 3) X-Y +Z=1
2X +4Y + Z = -3 2X+Y+Z =4
-2X +Y + 2Z = 9 Y-2X = -1
(sol: x= 1 ,y = -3, z=7) (sol: x= 1 ,y = 1, z=1)

2) X-Y =4 4) -Y +3Z = 5
2X+Y+Z = 0 2X +5Z = 10
Y-2X+2Z = -3 3X + 3Y -4Z = -5
(sol: x= 1 ,y = -3, z=1) (sol: x= 0 ,y = 1, z=2)

Page 30
Section C: “Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors and Cayley-Hamilton theorem”

[1] Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the given matrix:

1 2 3 1 0 0
   
a) A  0 5 6 b) A  1 3 0
 0 0 7  1 1 3 
 

[2] Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, find the inverse of the given

matrix

 1 2 0   1 1 1 
   
a) A 2 4 1 b) A 2 1 1
 2 1 2   2 1 0 
 

 1 1 0  0 1 3 
   
c) A 2 1 1 d) A  2 0 5
 2 1 2   3 3 4 
 

Page 31
 Appendix B
“Answers to H.W Problems”

H.W#1

1) 1
2
x 8  2x  c 18) 2 1  sin 2 x  c
x
2
2) 1 e 5x c ax
5 19) c
2 ln a
3) 1 tan 7 x c
7 2
20) 1 e x 4 x 3 c
2
4) tan(lnx) + c
21) 1 (1  3x 2 ) 3 / 2 c
9
5) 1 Ln sin(5x-7) +c
5
22) 1 lnlnx2 +c
2
6) 1 tan2x +c
2
23) 1(
2
sin-1x)2 +c
2
7) ln x +c
24) 1 ln( sec(7x-2) + tan(7x-2) ) +c
8) 1 (x 2  1) 3/ 2
c 7
3

25) 1 (5
25
tanx – 3)-5 +c
9) 1 ln sec4z – 4lnsin(z/4)
4
+c 26) ln tanx +c

10) 2
3
x3  1 c 27) 1 cot x +c


11) – cosecx +c 28) 1 (ex+3)6+c

6

12) 2tanx + secx – x +c 1 cos ec 3x

29) 3
c
13) sin-1lnx +c
30) sin-1(x/3) +c
14) 2 tan x  1  c
31) tan-1 ex +c
15) ln sin-1x +c
32) 3
50
ln(25x2+49) + 50
2 tan-1(5x/7) + c

16) ln ln lnx +c
33) tan-1lnx +c
17) 1 (tanx – x) +c
2
34) x+c

Page 33
 H.W#2

1) x tanx – ln secx +c 14) 2x + 3 2

x + 12 tan-1(x/2)
2

-1 1 ln(1+x2) + 12 ln(x2+4) + c
2) x tan x + 2
+c

15) 1 ln(x-3) – ln(x-2) + 1 ln(x-1) +c

3) x ln(x-1) + x +ln(x-1) +c 2 2

16) 1 1 ln(x+5) +c
ln(x+1) - 13 ln(x+2) + 12
4) x ( 12 x + 1
4
sin2x) - 4

( 14 x2+ 18 cos2x)+c
17) 8 ln(x-7) + 7 ln(x+3) +c
5 5

5) 1
5
x2 e5x - 2
25
x e5x + 125
2 e5x +c
18) 2ln(x-1) +2tan-1x –ln(x2+1) +c
6) x2 sinx + 2xcosx – 2 sinx +c 1 x3
19) 3
+ 12 x2 +4x +5ln(x-2) –3ln(x+2)
7) 1 (x+4) e2x-3 - 1 e2x-3 + c +2lnx +c
2 4

20) ln(x-1) – ln(x-3) +c

8) 30 ex cos3x + 10 ex sin3x +c

1 5 4 4 5 21) 2ln(x2+4) +tan-1x –3ln(x+5) +c

9) 5
x ln x - 25
x +c
22) ln(x-1) +ln(x+1) –ln(x2+1) +c
10) x tanx – ln secx - 1 x2 +c
2
3 2 6
23) 2
x +2x +6ln(x-1) + –6lnx +c
11) 1 x 3x - 1 3x +c x
ln 3 (ln 3 )2

24) x + 72 ln(x-2) + 32 ln(x+2)+c

5 2x 5 2x
12) 2
x e - 4
e +c
25) ln(x-1) +(x-1)-1 –2(x-1)2 –lnx +c
13) 1
6
(1+x2)3 + c
26) tan-1x – (x+1)-1 +c

H.W#3

1) 1 sin6x – 14 sin8x + 10
1 sin10x 4) –cosecx –x +c
6
+c 1 (tanx)-2
5) 2
+ln tanx +c
2) 1 cos12x 1 cos10x +c
- 10
12
6) 1
8
sec8x - 16 sec6x +c
3) 1 x2 + 1 cos10x +c
16 128
7) 1
9
sec9x - 71 sec7x +c

Page 34
 1 7 9 15) 1 ln ( x  56 )  3x 2  5x +c
8) 7
tan x - 19 tan x +c 3

9) 1 sin3x - 15 sin5x +c 16) ln(x2-8x) + 1

4
ln( x/(8-x) ) +c
3

10) 1 tan-1(x-1) +c 17) 1

4
4x 2  4x  9
2

+2 ln ( x  1)  ( x  1) 2  54 +c
11) ln x  x 2  9 +c
18) 3
2
ln(x2+2x+2) – 4tan-1(x+1) +c
12) ln z  1  z 2  2z +c
19) 1 tan-1( 1 tanx - 1) +c
2 2

1 sin 1 ( 2x  3/4 1 tan-1( 1

13) 2
) +c 20) 2
(10x - 3)) +c
7 3

1 22  ( x  4 )
14) ln c
2 22 22 ( x  4 )

25) 1 (cos x
2
1  cos 2 x  ln cos x  1  cos 2 x +c

26) 1 (ln x
2
(ln x  2) 2  1  ln ln x  (ln x  2) 2  1 +c

27) 1 (ln sin 2x 

2
(sin 2x  1`) 2  4 +c

28) 2 tan 1 ( sin x ) +c

3 3

H.W#4

1)  5) 2/15 9) A= 14/3 , Vx=72  /5

2
6) 8/15 10) A =4  , Vx=128  /3
2) 21.932
7) 1[ 2  ln(1  2 )] 11) A =9  /8 , Vy=9 2 
3)  2
4
12) A =1/3 , Vx=3  /10
4)  8) A = 9, Vx=72 
4 13) A =3/4,Vx=1.96452 

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14) A = 6 19) A = 5  a2 /4 24) 6

15) A = 6  3 2 25) –1
20) A =(  )a
6 2
16) A = (5  /4 -2) a2 21) 3.09972 26) ½

17) A = (2-  /4) a2 22) 0.43896 2 1

27) 
 2
18) A = a2  /4 23) 8
29) –1

H.W#5

1 1 2   7 7 10 
   
a) 1 1 3  e)  11 14 16 
 0 2 4  9 13 18 
   

 2 0 1  f) (BA)T
1 
b)   4 4  1
2    6 11 19 / 2 
2  2 0   
g)  5 16 25 / 2 
 11 15 18 
2 5 0  
 
c)  3 2 3 
0 1 4  h) I
 
 19  14 0 
d) (B-1)T  
i)  21  16 1 / 2 
 24  16  1 
 

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