OPERATION OF THE CIRCUIT:

CASES:

MODE-I: t0 to t1:

The main thyristor is

triggered at an instant t0, as shown in the figure 2, there are two different currents
flowing in the circuit, the load current IR and the discharge current of the capacitor Ic
which is sinusoidal in nature. The current through the main thyristor is the sum of these
two currents.

The positive voltage on the capacitor decreases first to zero and then the capacitor is
charged with a reverse polarity (see fig. 3).
When voltage on the capacitor reverses its polarity completely, the discharge current IC
goes to zero at t = t1.
MODE-II: (t1 to t2):
The negative voltage on the capacitor is held constant as the “hold off” diode D is now
reverse biased.SCR1 continues to conduct the load current (see fig. 4). At the instant t2
tha auxiliary SCR2 is triggered in order to turn off the main thyristor SCR1 (see fig. 3).

MODE-III (t2 to t3):

At instant t2, the auxiliary thyristor SCR2 is turned ON. This connects the negative
capacitor voltage (fig. 5) across the conducting main thyristor SCR1 via SCR2. The
main thyristor SCR1 is turned off due to reverse voltage applied across it.
The auxiliary commutation is a “voltage commutation”. Now the capacitor starts
charging through SCR2 and R is shown in fig. 4. The load current IR is equal to the
capacitor charging current IC. The voltage on the capacitor increases towards zero first
and then towards positive maxima (see fig. 3).
At the end of this mode, the voltage across the capacitor is positive, SCR2 is turned off
at “t3” as the current through it goes to zero.
The voltage across SCR1 will be nothing else but Vc as the capacitor is connected
across SCR1 via SCR2 throughout this mode. The capacitor current and the load
current go to zero at instant t3.
MODE-IV: (t3 to t4) “TURN OFF STATE”:

In this mode, all the devices will remain in their off state. The positive voltage on the
commutating capacitor will be held constant as there is no discharge path for then
capacitor.

At instant t4, the main SCR is turned on and the cycle repeats itself. The voltage and
current waveforms for auxiliary voltage commutation are shown in FIG.3.