2nd session

US GEOGRAPHY
States & Abbreviation:
 There are 50 States In the USA

USA Time Zone

Time Zones
• Eastern Standard Time
• Central Standard Time
• Pacific Standard Time
• Mountain Standard Time
• Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time
• Alaska Standard Time

Major Cities of USA

• New York City,NY
• Dallas, TX
• Los Angeles, CA
• Houston, TX
• Washington, D.C
• Princeton,NJ
• Boston, MA
• Chicago, IL
• Richmond, VA
• Las Vegas, NV

Major Holidays in USA

• New Year’sDay
• President’s Day
• Memorial Day
• Independence Day
• Labour Day
• Veterans Day
• Thanksgiving Day
• Christmas

Day Light Saving

 The Day Light Saving time starts on the second Sunday in
march and ends on the first Sunday in November
 Sunday, 14th March, 2 0’Clock turns forward by 1 hour, making
it show 3 0’clock.
 Sunset and Sunrise will be about 1 hour later on 14th March
than the day before.
 Day Light Saving time ends on first Sunday in November and
the clock will turn backward by 1 hour on Local Standard
Time.
 Sunday, 17th November, 2 0’clock will turn backward by 1
hour making it show 1 0’clock (Local Standard Time)
 Sunset and Sunrise will be about 1 hour earlier from 7th
November.

VISA / Work Authorization

USC/US Citizens: Can vote in federal Election.

GC (Permanent Residents): They cannot vote in federal
Election.

USCIS issues all the Visas / Work Authorization.

F1: Student Visa

Masters in Science – 2 Years
  1st year – The Candidate will be studying only, he cannot
work.
 2nd year – 1 year CPT (Curriculum Practical Training), can work
for 20 hours in a week (Part Time).

Now Masters is Completed:

OPT EAD
 Now he’ll get OPT (Optional Practical Training), and will apply
for EAD (Employment Authorization Document) – can work
for 40 hours in a week.
 Valid for 1 Year

OPT-STEM-EAD
 OPT-STEM-EAD (Science, Technology, Engineering
Mathematics)
 Valid for 2 years

NON-STEM – valid for 17 months

H1B
 Only US based employer can apply for H1B.
 The employer will sponsor candidate’s visa.
 H1B is given to a foreigner worker.
 If the employer is not able to find resources locally for any
skill set then he’ll apply for H1B.
 Candidate will be on the payroll of his employer.
 H1B holder can work on C2C only.
 Valid for 6 years (3 + 3)
  We will not discuss rate with the candidate but with his
employer because the candidate will be on the payroll of his
employer or Bench Sales Companies.
 Every year around 3 – 4 Lakh people apply for H1B but only
85000 get it.
 H1B Visas are allotted through Lottery Systems.

 H1B Has 3 Categories:

 I-797A – If the candidate is in the USA and gets H1B.
 I-797B – If the candidate is out of USA and gets H1B.
 I-797C – It is just a Receipt / Document.

H4
 It is dependent visa of H1B.
 If H1B holder’s spouse accompanies the candidate and goes to
USA then the spouse gets H4 Visa.
 H4 Visa holder is not of our use until he gets EAD
(Employment Authorization Document).
 H4 Visa valid up to H1B’s validity.

H4 – EAD (Employment Authorization Document)

 It is dependent visa of H1B.
 If H1B holder’s spouse accompanies the candidate and goes to
USA then the spouse gets H4 Visa.
 H4 Visa holder applies for EAD.
 After getting EAD, H4 holder becomes eligible to work in USA.
 H4-EAD Visa valid up to H1B’s validity.
 H4-EAD can work on C2C and W2 both.
L1 Transfer
 If a person is working in a company in his native country and
his company transfers him to the US office.
 The candidate will be on the company’s payroll.

L2 Visa
 It is dependent visa of L1 Transfer
 If L1 Transfer visa holder’s spouse accompanies the candidate
and goes to USA then the spouse gets L2 Visa.
 L2 Visa holder applies for EAD.
 After getting EAD, L2 holder becomes eligible to work in USA.
 L2-EAD Visa valid up to L1’s validity.
 L2-EAD can work on C2C and W2 both.

E3 Visa
 Only for Australians who wants to work in the USA.

TN Visa (Treaty of NAFTA)

NAFTA – North American Free Trade Agreement)
 NAFTA is a trade agreement among Canada, USA and Mexico.

TN-1 Visa
 The candidates who go to the USA from Canada gets TN-1
Visa.
TN-2 Visa
 The candidates who go to the USA from Mexico gets TN-2
Visa.

Tax Terms
There are 3 Tax Terms
1) C2C
2) W2
3) 1099

C2C (Corporation to Corporation):

 Staffing companies have Jobs.
 Bench sales companies have candidates.
 Staffing company (Corp 1) and Bench Sales Company (Corp 2),
when two corporations deal with each other then we call it
Corp to Corp or C2C.
 The Candidate will be on the payroll of his employer / Bench
Sales Companies.
 We will pay the bench sales company/Employer/Vendors.
 We cannot discuss the rates with the candidate.
 When we take a candidate from the bench sales company
then we cannot pitch the candidate for W2.
 Bench Sales Companies are liable to pay candidates taxes.
 Only applicable for contract positions.

 Bill Rate is what we get from the client.

 Pay rate is what we pay to the candidate.
Bill Rate - $70
Pay Rate - $60
Bill Rate - Payrate = Margin
$70 - $60 = $10

W2:
 The Candidate will be on the payroll of staffing companies.
 In W2, we don’t reach Bench Sales companies.
 We directly reach the candidate through our ATS (Application
Tracking System) and Job Portals (Dice, Monster, Career
Builder, Tech Fetch etc.)
 The Staffing Companies deduct the taxes of candidates.
 Applicable on Contract / Full Time.

In C2C, we can give higher rates.

Bill Rate - $70
Pay Rate - $63

In W2
First, we deduct taxes and then give rate to the candidate
Bill Rate - $70
Bill Rate after taxes = $70/1.2 = $58
Bill Rate – Pay Rate = Margin
$58 - $53 = $5

1099:
 We don’t deduct taxes; taxes are paid by candidates
themselves.
 Only USC and GC are applicable.

The Work Flow of these Tax Terms.

C2C:
1). Understanding the Requirements
2). Mass Mail/Mail Merge the JD to the vendors/Bench sales
recruiters/Employers
3). Response – Screening – Call to the bench sales recruiter
4). Get Rate Confirmation
5). Speak with the candidate
6). Submission.

W2:
1). Understanding the requirement
2). After putting string – we will get some candidates - Mail Merge
to the candidates
3). Responses / Start making calls to the relevant candidates.
4). Confirm the rate part with the candidate and the comfort level
with the requirement. (Screening)
5). Rate confirmation from the candidate
6). Submit the resume.

Bill Rate: $60

C2C: $55
W2: $60/1.2 = $50 - $5 = $45

Full time/ Contract

Contract
C2C = 50%
W2 = 50%

String Making.
AND
A AND B: A and B compulsory (Mandatory Skills, Primary Skills)
HTML AND SRINGBOOT

A OR B: Either one of them

HTML OR CSS (Either of them)
(QA or “Quality Analyst” or “Quality Assurance” or “Automation
Engineer” or “Software Tester” or “Software Test Engineer”) and
Selenium and “Test NG” and Resume

1. Direct Clients or Implementation Partner

Implementation Partner – CTS (Cognizant)
2. Type of position
IT Positions (Java Developer, IOS, Android, QA, BA, Project
Manager, Salesforce, SAP)
3. Contract position OR Full-time position
Contract (W2 and C2C)
C2C 60%
W2 50%
4. Job portal – Dice and Monster
5. ATS - Job diva

JOB Title: Full Stack Java Developer

Name: Santhosh Gundu
Client: CTS/USAA
Location: Remote / San Antonio, TX
Pay Rate: 63 on C2C
Bill Rate: 70
Visa: H1B
Project Duration: Long term
Experience: 8+

(“Java Full stack Developer” OR “Java Fullstack Developer” OR

“Full Stack Developer” OR “Fullstack Developer”) AND (“HTML
or CSS or JavaScript or “Java Script”) AND (hibernate or
 springboot or “spring boot” or Struts) AND (SQL or MySQL or
Cassandra)

JOB Title: Devops

Name: Veena Mayan
Client: CTS/Thermofisher
Location: Remote / Pittsburg, PA(Pennsylvania)
Pay Rate: 44 on W2
Bill Rate: 60
Visa: H4EAD
Project Duration: Long term
Experince 6+
Bill Rate/1.2= Bill Rate after Taxes

(Devops OR “Dev Ops” OR “Devops Engineer” OR “Devops Cloud

Engineer” OR “Build and Release Engineer” OR “site Reliability
Engineer” OR SRE) AND CHEF AND ANSIBLE and Puppet and Fabric