Unik ‘lv , Ji ol \s B Speadh Conversation is Honsmitd by 22S Syslinn “Te Speech 1 convalizdebor POY MES 4 cab aWiasing fille, wits a Coulee AS yore Sed aad Ving ASL qroxrbigasion ea el anticipated jad te precesting 92 ate loxg tan dds yin Vee chip ree © SF len peach ES dao nanueial” “an EH -SS Ay tn aston. would be tte rember Pf hopprg channels? a) Sampling > 2X34 ey 2b Kaamplis) se 5) gpronts pation Jour Ook > ash c) pen bik yak Ren$e = gal. a), proOWg Fain 2adp - aes —> GP Gp-= Re te crip walle. “Re = Ge* 2 = 149-53 % Oh ibis bee tochips] Sc, n= ee Suk lebiG sez = lorsh-a Is >) processing goun Gp : 7 ai 20 of hoppig chopp ROO. | SH =(PG)ay - S),. midTe Aviock Beqvence “apregd. 2pectom oan on Agile has ie following poromalldis —— i | type elem, Ter |S 1 Eb)y * !O PG = Re = eg ee Te pero Aeas eerie 2 ee HF soa [10 = Hote _ = _ Bandwicta rare i% — \atio ef Mownsmi& on ‘yk-rade to Tee Musmom panduoidh required fos 8 jonticu lat m ion sei | By = bikye ale | pandwicktf. Vos on g Psie %yslorn _ operaking wrtG an informalion Tired of anceps Aber 2) Baud b) MUimimom bandwoidté (e) bandurdlh eftictency Roce) —> 24000 = $ooo mirurnom bandwith te _ ane = FOCO By = 2hge? = pita] coe ) Fou \L pS waite alokhe pandsvidies Fale mine | Nexmom bit ral By - Be rath | Bw 003 = 4 0000 bps Be bie rok - 1, % 10> S1 Mooay Nodular Scheme here Sa pst_banantly G CDouineg Te and & bit AeMmines Ke Yolcu! anotog Bi grad (regve ) peters eu lpet Ge eon Meqene S Dy) and logre o> Candt ce Ser minds, te ineagai bode. (Logie | Siesom™ and logit o-.0: Bh\v) op | ~~ 90/2 oF SFO (4) For a brit ‘npub Q= to outepube phase YL % The Inpe& bo X Chanel Se [0° Sk Sin = b3ao7¥ or Su V 41° 30/7 |_O Hor ShIv- ©, T-0 Gad c-O Aollawne Sb mod laGos > prodiuch modulates 2s uak ve in pu + @ channok Produch mod Ia% ly bo lpy, -)); >e 3 : (-\-30%) Cosvoc & | =o BUI Sinugk — | 307 Cosel pcoaucl eS de by \ pre? mot ouep e Goal’ Asinek + Tu bhiply uv - 8 ipl & Hubbiply *5 sora 8 coset | (ae eo _ ae: eee 5 od be? [pss 8 ah SinG = B ; pel COSY § ( ae nt * (een? Y atyrogk CORP * cosuel sink J Grae ein (vat | \ Co eur? (307) = Jo: 292b+ [TOR 5 ie 2 \> = 4G sy ( 12327 - com Ste) 2S ! Be con ( : ) E (EE) ae 6 nee Sy pe brs ox) Nass Senet oukpulr ip AY Sin (ck ~ nas ). . . 4 L = =e i. Hr Coste & | “Ilo i “iy ae oly Sing o4D ~ coat £ c 1° ; | Axo°su eymuader le B07 CeBE -osuisinuct + ] y-BO7CoAtcE / " a vol . p &E4 “ : a 307Sineeh +05! eRe cinuet 3 \ / costal O-BUICAHEL. aie ee. ey a —DSinuct —sinte ee ee 7 ae oO - ~\:20TSinval: Oo HCouel ° x 5408" i A|s BOTSinwet -O Cet are : o00 By os . ate steel —0- Sk Sintak-1-3071Coel or Su) Sinvoct i 307 eo ; Coley t: te aurgullot aepotadion hetween an ie pasot TA HS Trowfore ) On eaPek aes. 7 P bo aad wase Boule doi ssi ao) Fin P be daig Hoar ¢ yn ddl of (307 and , cy | wey, be used & long as \Kotr rabio {ig O-SKl GC yee uc fang iA eqpiole to ee o-sly of yelobive volluer~ Any Jr3e7 2 yory PSH Sronswalls BaP fa Le Pl F Le m | signet. E ae 1 ah 7 Te digital to ana$o4 conver our pul yemains A will jasl wy bik 1 vecoivod « repending iW npuk | : o pul a} 310 converla | kage mlt)a Hoo, PSL _Recotver': The inpul A'gnad alk) ie vealszed bo m4 power. Th bandpass filer extras the requeny Compontas: H This fy ay 18 Bivided ly ‘nH! te oblain Cartier frequancy Sy os cole caries we Mus generalleef and applied ko tke ‘too Mund ipliere . pe Jrouw ave qe bo tke Nig hose iniqnalor opted O Ise Wh, ~ Te oud pub ea abi Over ttc f Bera lk AL ga.mpled able, Veo peiod Te In every os and app! tod bo ADC: “The. 9 bit Agrnbol J) woRich ig Hie oulput of pre vous SL generals bib Sequence bl) alk) Aion een ae Vi ee : fe mt | eee by Pls Con ™ ices-chonnof [ 7 ype prodncd | §]> [ei a4 “pt alse} Joly, ci Shug t | Nf Pot, TS OSC } fnrerf > Pipe Sp] \s Fae beg [Por “pee | a: | eer - a A | cup I | Or SUV « -)301V AO Suv 4 } = 1+ 307V_ cis uninvedid and ae fo upp and lower DAc. ot a by bst inpel afi. FL peso aes oo “ ounpat amphi bo anal Pnere Gor Ho KTSAM rousmulle A oubpul at > nel | +> poureno see | oudpul qe chon nal Q= (eo sueosel } eo mm cua pd 1 (OLR garnet - | { sui Coseee | su) > (osu) sinWet us) arss sin{ ect 9) |ir \b-aan We input binary dota are divicted Into fou Chanrae Ko! bit vade in cach Chonned 18 eat to, Ya Ob be rag) AL aw Seriakly atocrked into | ik Spheloy- | Ks cus eke mechs Coste _Vpalonce | yootecla | Te Land @ ble cdobirmine tte poily ae | culpul of 2% b buat comers. Te sand @ bib dalla, 2 to A Deuad Conveliy genonG & fevet | nats mecluctite Hea in’ phous Qag Yee product modulator Por ai , Rey aw *O82) Sinweby =O 2Q9nIQE = Kin m ude pan A Gna “he ~PAM AG Quadiabwue Comes n Ke T produck modulator no Sal Sint » +OAQ Snack Ord For Ho Ge proctuch: modulates Key ue +O-8al comely XOrAR CORLL, -O'RI Cosel Ar-O-22 Costa’. Te: |incay Bormmoe Combines The Ouspull {rom ke Land & Cant produc modulates and proclu ces He Ib oukpub Conditions nocessary for lb-QAM . rTelok \3 | oo eae @ © \o |roaw eo |" =o 8a 1, |O \re 22v| | VLE POS Se a =O SFO ~ o D 1 0 é 4 & p amplitude ant phase \ he E outpul i 2 (-o-aa sine! TK. @ ouepd is G= (-c-aadeosue! gurl Se O put = — 4-22 Sintat HO: AY CORE Somme us = a elec ) os(22) ft oe Sank go ayy Sinle w 008 (Bn 6-45 (9 p- 135 (>)oocce colo Osi \ooo amp ir de 19tO ! elo) arn = \bIv re camph lide. vol . tel) ys ool} Ss eco ) @ esDv \e0\ ¢ O\bo —|os" 5 @los +105" ( 9.g Soy, Wine. +75" | ono .- 7 UY |a Altra form of probasilili, of e107, (pase) | The conditional Probatai | big donsi by function 2 | vondom Varrabl % , ginen hae Ayko!) (silé)) toas cransmitled and ts defined by I (= (1) = Sf Gs my | | Nom Tre Conditional proba ily donsily furction y \ Yendom Vonalle Xi) givan Fol Arprmla! °( a0) wad bransmitlid Fala) cot a6] The conditional probability, CL Ha redeier ocidlg in favouy Of Aube, gman hob Argmbo] o was Goremitld us \ Pop = “ , orf a (x-fe) Jas | 'o tee OD | z : Mekas i Tap = oS colt ordhe, {en 7% my 4 [No Eee {m0 Qu = {ro a Lok—— Vs 2 O } Be (Ep oy g Por 2 fo Ss J - [ , & pe Pe 2 = ( re) Pag x ( = Limit chongo $= ee =~ (€p - |Eb a(n 1%? f= 2 Pio = Jno. \ (x ; aly Oo RM expels. § Eb 7 og ANo a = 2 le cing ee YUKO 5, ethe | Se —__ bsHimit Chownge | 4: (en - (eb Gp- alee —.» bo -6 _ a & Pro we yaa A y Pee 2 ae 2 \ a etdy fans wS ies ANd ee ep Po, = Ay, ( etdy —«o etd = Crfe(s) | 7% rei (=) ergs) 2 [ty te Foy = sor =) as Arp Prcroge probaly oF he Flot For eLtoy Pe = at zi.) Problem’) 4f 4 Beyslacre! 2 main peor mance callaton | OL jovokerbat Lil wich ot fea following too modullabion Zlomes would be Selached for oun Awan nes Binary ron~cohaxend FSIC Gb)ry - (348 Binoay, coheten® PSt Elo} 2 8B, Gb) = 13AB = 9-95 Eb)mz Bap - 6 3)! ae ee eer ee 2 er¢c |G Pe b \e fe= l, exp (z a) Eye fc (21 =), glesaieas) ) 2 peste (25"") | Kean S a.07 x10 se solock prsk. : } di p si gnok conskeUaktion 4g Tae physical agp Cory used bo dagcribe aol Me port he symbols Used ly 9 la fo ransmit dada. - 1g A apophie gi oicg ys sion i a he constetiakeon duiagAcen - Yeprexentakien of fhe Liaical sym bole yecoived Duy period Of time. Stead Spedhom yep & bandwid& moch in &XxC2% te Alqnal oc? Xho dein pands0idh necexseuy fo Bend Mo | intox maGion - 2. Spreading Lg achievws by mee re Upipos, ofan calla 9 code SQ” dcpend.and 4 Ye date. | Ig achanod by The Aymedaons ged replica at Ihe apreadlng signal used bo iy spread We infermakron. (3B tho receiver | Lespreadling Correlation Of Bo vecoivod Bpread atamal with gPkeudo Noize S ais. 2 —_ 5 7 pete We Bead (eB ks ie en Beguen@ —> loco 1 ole oloo 1101 oC| ) 11.2, : eel a period = 2-1 rh 4 oil.) = o\)°e oor) al i Ol | nee Cool =) S57 oO \sorl 1 ooo Ps Code - pe ol1eol ele) ] =~ 2 Kas) 1 4 Ron propuly —5> Total run ig wx) = 1S) 2.8 Q a Binge — YR = S = Beh an an ae doubls -_S = B= 3 oN Vriples 2S > Be! a> s Fow = ef pecatlicle ions Once, pubocorretation Propels elds g cln) c(n-d) nN ®=0 Is ralo-.) € ely ct) n20 a Suter o-tadie 2 SAL =I \S no iS) oi € cln)eln>) = hzO y _) -) ayaa Ass Lela) =p 4) st A ey al Hale) al es pra et tn roe : AV MAAK ANA KHAN | ial Rla)= als) - al): Ye Alo) = Alw) - Ala)=! ° —= is wloneed propeily = we Of 2s = W a NO of onele akmoa by one Yeoy con Voy Yun 1 Aofined aa @ Bey ene of single Gjpe of of allay nade higie In G ms Quoit - The ea1an@ coh abets ee yun. We forges of the vente | i permber at Ligits in lhe Yun. i mvii ple Seam, @ ely | BPsic modulator Alt) — AcosvolWiemiued eae wile ; ull) = A Contest ale) OE) + ALR a Seo anon n8) 40 lt) 1g We cleba Signal lt) ig We Code Signal ntk) & PwWGIO Pia We Lime doay bebieen & Pare K > athwweasvion Sip of corvesetea 13 2lt=) 4 [a ated PD coarse + antler) Be glk-7) coslaoe te) gl + nl) gle} 2 costest | Since Flt)= J Ble) gle-M)=© i it f alt=t)- \ A falk) Coguogk XICORE + 4 6 nile) gle) 2cosee > Gra oy z We | = Axtdende) sjpxo[roet 7 o a Sreqiency Hopping i Severed hrockiilabey | bots fer hep and Jesh {requency hoppy Lt Bonrrat {req pony hops PU Modu kodion Set bole,i doka 4 ge 7 - nee ! sreq hop bo hops |* go8ym be bop \ | = | gz 2 | Sawer tf Laymmbol dauatio pols |4ee ears — ' mbd vale 18 308ymlals] Acc \ Bombo! tale 18 3044" ge pops /S2C Poon heptg 108 © Sal | con) en, BL Vhop aman | AM ig_be Ora 2 sagmbols des eoch hop. Io ~ 0:03%3 | oO: os) Bee Hh considlar aun ey] BFSE Syslem + Jat re ~iyaas Ey dined by a Ao Abage LESR. The minimom Alep Sipe 14 inlay Cock yok 12 AKW2- es er 12 d00V2-* The ¥ “brakbits)sec. Pa) vopping basics «Bo 82 OD), (2 won) x00 = a Ivo8 2. clock me Se ) chip rade = fice be § QE 1:9x1000 = Ag08 9) chips] Agrees Fs ex 3 ote | og oes PMPs] Spee Aco Symbnls] 86 i 4 ) Gp 2 Procoss ing Gein - + Uasss R So xi 2 1WS000 = BQ4dp 1200 ‘ y2) A ds-ss tysldw ts used Coma multiple. sf Te peta Rong o} Vee munbipeie toave $a loom Songer: fan Watof Ka dated twave wae | ale chp vale necerscuy bo Lips inlesferong eee ee (e278 A chuproe «er a maga chips /48e kT O32 3) dnpab taba at 1s biG see Me Chomel encoded using ove 4, encod: Tre codad vila oe -moclutatad ushg Gary FEL: The FSI Syprabols O4? Ren Bpread by A ak avodz % occ hops] SC % Chiprals ~ox IS = Isobia : Jg2 = 50 Aymbols | 8€c. Chip vale eapols hopping iah ooo sap Chips Jace, kh) order di vest, Ne Qe Chip| Rec i : 5p Bymbols sec, = 40 chips) symbol. B : + ) cn hopping, Non~coherend binouy Fie auplin i ab on Ebly of Boa wilh a hopping bho of 86% cumiing Operation rere Jo = l00Ne - Find Pe Pe = L e. Eb}sn, = y e Eta) 5 ye eeNot 180% ~ = No( tor) q ° 2#2Oo L)Abinery doka velaeiien of k dig'ts Liou) spread yirg an & Chip code geqpuene clb)=- Lotoloay ee spied | data ig Pho-se- modulalid sing BPsk - Te Gonsmitl ies pspiead apechiom Blonal Ig exposed to inlapferonce wie cuuier frequency | buk rt hag do dagrce phase ake . L Awrn . je et) eelep! me lb) * mle oeloo!, yoo!D)10 joolo NN, Loolollo, poo! cule J ) cor Wek | mle) = melt , pyle) = mel) * xle) =lb)- aoaltat* | = m (bene® al = ng [ey CORE nae con( vel) ; cos Sone + | - mst oa aree lel eS >) ug, Ord amplify Yee Atepneah | cosuack+ 36) E- costect *s proper fering yernove & lewek bo only } > nde) + CO 36 a pro 2eqen@ = pg (Ec LED* Cosas ele)sa lb) Cle) + 0 9bb lO aelt) +) malt = mle) = fol b) A hopping, benclvorcs Wee oe Frequency step Sing 26 a leolle ae bred 9 wRad is Re intel q pro chips teag cw veyed by Cach frequency word 2 = 400 xi = Lexie 100 1] = 1095 (Axio) —> {oq wo ia 2 2a hips Jammer | ie ———~ HO Sg COoLie Pecomed Aiqnal yle)= alt) +JLE) uote yle)= Sle) cle + Sle) Colwunt defictos ijp ule) = yLeda cle) vit): [ste) elEd + LE) Jett) 2 ralby LED * (Bete) Chee = sib) r Weyelt)Ye ) gv i oe vy domodulakes pay Gu. ve (ale) d2.. "(st 5) att)) on 5). Qleyde + a J(b) "€4, olde - 0 lt) = (= cos lon) « ie 2 cosarte & [or ote (6) ae | stoalbat « \q 265 CoprACl [= eae | } ° ae { x16 e10ds faps co 2ng 5 — Pewde = (eRe | foal opel a ae “AE nigdowy Bie aes WW > e-NTe 4 et = Kd | 1 cS Cudy j ye VartVej | ae pes inlaspred Symbol Ge) : ib VPO- : | =2al a aie ilar pret aymbol aa TR =o i VZo0 i See Ce Ne i Te keo i ZiDs-SS Compore FUSS ond —————~ i) Fuss systems Re Cheapest And easresl bo tmplament ‘ 3) Packet Alyge yn a Ddsss packaé - 400 by packes - ISeo op 2400 3) Fuss wdLio Aystems appese to indoor and Zeuore multipart ©nvi Dsss 18 move usefull in outdloo and non - clitlaed environ mands - 4) Fvss Syslen operalicl corte SwR A about \eAB; -toRyeas DSSS Can operate wll SOR As low as 1QdB- (D (ea) Tale Isnt band Cary Gye — 2uesawedegs WEBS Nwz oe eyes Comes OF noise is) at: Sin@ \Ece ess 1s only AB by preakly for a FHSS bybes for # ds~Ss - do bekter in jyonnak - enleive, €3:SNN2 - SO Chon@e ol GoQ) Bpecifres a distance BoMN2 between Couriers; in Ds-Sg Only Yeir2o pers Austin Can le accomodoled ; each OCcHeeyng QoMli2+ So noise ablactaing some Bpectum is Wp ~cs Can Danimit looy o% dala , wrRorsae FUSS Dart end /n Cannot do 20, because ome bing ig 8p 1 hopping: one Pps Hab oy | |potordmm patamelsys a DS-s Energy pet bil la ginen as processing Gen Ep= Pt Ty = A apread Chie PT Gp 7 Be te Eb ie PT Bi ~O Ro yepaciltonn r Bul Joummer nolge = De Bw a vnspren Eb + Pi age No zr i Gy 2 Te = 2 xGp “Fp, a BgnoQ = | . aver al ae Epes © = ah Re, POR, xz > Gpx Rs. =— a E, For Jaages vodu2 V a acs ee a ; Thon dpa ow in ab ng gain — lok 1 | Tanning mougin (48) - tay ts Tan peat, q evo jae P&e Pe = I, erde o Nos Ede eS tc Yoy Bi c Tae i es 2 = 5 ES = ere | ' |Dabance betwen Aignal poinls Adebtong SA- Sin ay ——_— M cos ai2z)2 = Sind jy \ Aig: QI& sin() 2 {kL becomg & fea) 4 ed ae a-al& cin ( *4) : a(t xe ° ace vg PSK. | Probability o] Symbn) eto for Heavy PSI’ x 1, ert Sie Pe 4 £y esfc fag ays ie ! Ge eso a = Any Ko 4 erfe [EE * Sind ®o M.poe Mx(2fs) Ne’ So- nN eb zag orl 6 Xb Nn SS