AVOGADRO EXAM 2002

UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
16 MAY 2002 TIME: 75 MINUTES

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H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac**
* Lanthanides
** Actinides
1 One isotope of iron has the symbol 56Fe. How many 4 What is the formula of the ionic compound that
protons, neutrons and electrons are there in one atom contains only magnesium and phosphate ions?
of this isotope?
A MgPO4
protons neutrons electrons
A 26 26 26 B Mg(PO4)3

B 26 30 30 C Mg3PO4

C 26 30 26 D Mg2(PO4)3

D 30 26 30 E Mg3(PO4)2

E 56 30 30

2 There are two naturally occurring isotopes of lithium:

6
Li and 7Li. Assume that the masses of these isotopes 5 Lewis symbols for the atoms of two different
are 6 u and 7 u, respectively. If the average atomic elements, X and Y, are shown below.
mass of lithium in nature is 6.941 u, what is the
X Y
percent abundance of 7Li in a naturally occurring
sample?
Which of the following correctly describes the binary
compound that these two elements form?
1 u = 1 atomic mass unit
A 99.2% A a covalent compound with formula X2Y
B 94.1% B a covalent compound with formula XY2
C 70.0% C an ionic compound comprised of X+ and Y2- ions

D 48.6% D an ionic compound comprised of X- and Y2+ ions

E 9.41% E a covalent compound with formula X6Y7

3 Which one of the following elements exists as a liquid 6 For elements in the same group, which one of the
at room temperature and normal atmospheric following quantities decreases as the atomic number
pressure? increases?

A chlorine A atomic mass

B xenon B melting point

C iodine C atomic radius

D bromine D first ionization energy

E silicon E density

 2002 UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO AVOGADRO EXAM /2

7 Consider the unbalanced chemical equation 10 Zinc and sulfur react according to the chemical
equation
CH3CH2CHO(l) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g).
Zn(s) + S(s) → ZnS(s).
Which set of coefficients balances the equation?

A 2, 8, 3, 6 In an experiment, 50 grams of zinc and 60 grams of

sulfur were heated in a reaction vessel. At the end of
B 3, 8, 6, 6 the experiment, 70 grams of ZnS were obtained.
What was the percentage yield of ZnS for this
C 1, 4, 3, 2
experiment?
D 1, 8, 3, 3
A 32% Atomic masses:
E 1, 4, 3, 3 S, 32.1
B 44% Zn, 65.4
C 64%
8 Which of the following salts produces a gas when it is D 75%
treated with hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq)?
E 94%
A CaS

B Na2SO4 11 The reaction

C Mg(NO3)2 Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)

D NaCl(aq) is an example of

E Zn(NO3)2 A a neutralization reaction

B a combustion reaction

C a precipitation reaction
9 What is percentage by mass of aluminum in Al2O3?
D a displacement reaction

A 23% Atomic masses: E a decomposition reaction

Al, 27.0
B 53% O, 16.0
12 Hydroquinone is 65.4% carbon, 5.5% hydrogen and
C 36%
29.1% oxygen by mass. What is the empirical formula
D 64% of this hydrocarbon?

E 40% A CHO
Atomic masses:
H, 1.0
B C2H2O
C, 12.0
C C2H2O3 O, 16.0

D C3H3O2

E C3H3O

 2002 UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO AVOGADRO EXAM /3

13 What is the mass of one molecule of acetylsalicylic 16 Which of the following aqueous solutions is the best
acid, C9H8O4? conductor of an electric current at room temperature?

A 180 g Atomic masses: A 0.10 mol L-1 CH3COOH(aq)

H, 1.01
B 3.31×1021 g C, 12.0 B 0.10 mol L-1 H2SO4(aq)
O, 16.0
C 2.99×10-22 g
C 0.10 mol L-1 HCl(aq)
Avogadro constant:
D 3.45×10-22 g NA = 6.022×1023 mol-1
D 0.10 mol L-1 NaCl(aq)

E 6.90×10-22 g
E 0.10 mol L-1 H3PO4(aq)

17 A precipitate forms when an aqueous solution of

14 If a 50.0 mL sample of Ba(OH)2(aq) requires
carbonic acid, H2CO3, is added to an aqueous
44.23 mL of 0.2245 mol L-1 HCl(aq) to reach the
solution of
equivalence point in a titration, what is the
concentration of the Ba(OH)2 solution? A Ba(OH)2

A 0.09930 mol L-1 B (NH4)2S

B 0.1986 mol L-1 C Na2SO4

D KNO3
C 0.3972 mol L-1
E H2SO3
D 0.1269 mol L-1

E 0.2538 mol L-1

18 What is the net ionic equation for the reaction that
occurs between nitrous acid, HNO2, and lithium
hydroxide, LiOH?
15 A concentrated sulfuric acid solution is 74.0% H2SO4
by mass and it has a density of 1.66 g mL-1 at 20oC. A HNO2(aq) + LiOH(aq) → LiNO2(aq) + H2O(l)
What is the concentration of this H2SO4 solution?
B H+(aq) + OH-(aq) → H2O(l)
A 2.3 mol L-1
-
Molar mass of H2SO4: C HNO2(aq) + OH-(aq) → NO2 (aq) + H2O(l)
B 6.7 mol L-1 98.0 g mol-1
-
Li (aq) + NO2 (aq) → LiNO2(s)
+
D
C 7.6 mol L-1
-
D 12.5 mol L-1 E H+(aq) + NO2 (aq) + Li+(aq) + OH-(aq)
→ LiNO2(aq) + H2O(l)
E 16.9 mol L-1

 2002 UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO AVOGADRO EXAM /4

19 Which bromine compound is the most soluble in the 22 A sample of seawater has a pH of 8.10. What is [H+ ]
solvent hexane, C6H14(l)? in the sample?

A LiBr A 1.0×10-8 mol L-1

B AgBr
B 8.0×10-1 mol L-1
C NaBr
C 7.9×10-9 mol L-1
D MgBr2
D 1.3×10-8 mol L-1
E IBr
E 0.91 mol L-1

20 For which of the following does the solubility increase

if the solution is heated gently? 23 If 0.200 L of 0.15 mol L-1 HCl(aq) is mixed with
0.300 L of 0.090 mol L-1 NaOH(aq), what is the pH of
A a gaseous solute
the solution that results?
B a nonionic solute that dissolves without
A 1.22
appreciable solvation

C a salt that dissolves endothermically B 2.22

D a salt that dissolves exothermically C 2.52

D 0.52
E a liquid that dissolves exothermically
E 7.00

21 In the reaction

H2S + NH2
- → NH + HS- 24 Which one of the following is not consistent with the
3
postulates of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?
ammonia, NH3, is A collisions between molecules are elastic

A the conjugate acid of NH2

-
B gas molecules are in constant motion

B the conjugate base of NH2

- C a gas molecule moves along a straight line until it
collides with another molecule or a wall of the
container
C the conjugate acid of HS-
D the volume of any molecule is negligible
D the conjugate base of HS- compared with the volume of the container

E the conjugate acid of H2S E all the molecules move with the same speed

 2002 UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO AVOGADRO EXAM /5

25 The behaviour of HCl(g) is most likely to approach 28 The chemical equation for the combustion of glucose,
ideal behaviour at C6H12O6, is

C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) → 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(g).

A 10 atm and 100oC
What volume of O2, measured at standard
B 1 atm and 0oC
temperature and pressure, is required to oxidize
C 0.10 atm and –100oC 1.50 g of glucose?

D 1 atm and 100oC A 0.19 L atm L

R = 0.08206
mol K
E 0.10 atm and 100oC B 0.37 L
Molar mass of glucose,
C 1.1 L 180.2 g mol-1

D 11 L
26 How many molecules are there in a 1.0-mL sample of
gas if the temperature is 200 K and the pressure is E 134 L
1.0×10-3 mm Hg?

A 4.8×1013 molecules atm L

R = 0.08206 mol K
B 4.0×1012 molecules 1 atm = 760 mm Hg

C 1.6×1016 molecules NA = 6.022×1023

29 At 0oC and 1 atm, a 3.56-L sample of a particular gas
D 7.9×1020 molecules weighs 11.3 g. What is the molar mass of the gas?

E 7.9×1017 molecules A 3.17 g mol-1

B 11.3 g mol-1
27 A 5.0-L container of He(g) at 1 atm is heated from
300 K to 450 K. The volume of the container does not
C 40.2 g mol-1
change. How much helium must be released from the
container to restore the pressure to 1 atm, assuming D 71.1 g mol-1
that the temperature does not change as the gas is
released? E 79.7 g mol-1

A one quarter of the helium

B one third of the helium 30 What is the partial pressure of helium gas in a mixture
that contains 48 grams of He(g) and 48 grams of
C one half of the helium
O2(g) if the total pressure is 675 mmHg?
D two thirds of the helium
A 135 mm Hg
E three quarters of the helium 1 atm = 760 mm Hg
B 295 mm Hg
Atomic masses:
C 338 mm Hg He, 4.0
O, 16.0
D 540 mm Hg

E 600 mm Hg

 2002 UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO AVOGADRO EXAM /6

31 What is the IUPAC name of the alkane shown below? 34 A 0.91-g sample of sucrose, C12H22O11, was burned
completely in excess oxygen in a constant volume
CH3 calorimeter. The temperature of the calorimeter rose
CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 C CH3 by 3.50oC. If the heat capacity of the calorimeter and
its contents was 4250 J (oC)-1, what is the constant
CH2 CH3
volume heat of combustion of sucrose?
A 2-ethyl-2-methyl-hexane
A 14.9 kJ mol-1
Molar mass of C12H22O11:
B 1,1-dimethyl-1-ethylpentane
B 14 900 kJ mol-1 342 g mol-1
C 3,3-dimethylheptane
C 184 kJ mol-1
D 2-methyl-2-butylbutane
D 5090 kJ mol-1
E nonane
E 5590 kJ mol-1

32 How many structural isomers of C4H10 are there?

A one 35 For which of the following compounds are cis-trans

isomers possible?
B two
C three CH3CH=CH2 CH3CH=CHCl CHCl=CHBr
(i) (ii) (iii)
D four
E five A (i) and (ii)

B (ii) and (iii)

C (i) and (iii)

D (ii) only

33 What are the ideal values for the H-C-H and H-C-C E (i), (ii) and (iii)
bond angles in ethane, C2H6?

A 60o 36 Which one of the following hydrocarbons has the

highest boiling temperature?
B 72o
A CH3CH2CH2CH3
C 90o
B H2C=CH2
o
D 109.5
C HC≡CH
E 120o
D CH3CH3

E CH4

 2002 UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO AVOGADRO EXAM /7

37 The thermochemical equation for the combustion of 40 When zinc metal is placed in contact with iron metal
C3H6(g) is in an aqueous environment, the iron does not rust.
Why does zinc metal prevent iron metal from rusting
C3H6(g) + 9
O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 3H2O(l) + 2061 kJ.
2 in water?
What is the maximum quantity of heat that can be
obtained if a mixture containing 5 moles each of C3H6 A Zinc loses electrons more readily than iron.
and O2 is ignited?
B Zinc gains electrons more readily than iron.
A 10 320 kJ
C Zn2+ ions gain electrons more readily than Fe2+
B 2290 kJ ions

C 20 610 kJ D Zinc catalyzes the decomposition of rust.

D 9275 kJ E Zinc accepts protons from water molecules more

readily than iron.
E 46 370 kJ

38 Which of the following structures is the correct Lewis

(i.e. electron dot) structure for the HCN molecule?

A H C N

B H C N

C H C N

D H C N

E H C N

39 Which set of coefficients balances the equation

x Cu (aq) + y Al(s) → n Cu(s) + m Al (aq)?

2+ 3+

x y n m
A 1 1 1 1

B 1 2 3 1

C 2 3 2 3

D 3 2 3 2

E 2 1 1 3

 2002 UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO AVOGADRO EXAM /8