Unit 01 - Programming Assignment

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Programme title HND Programming
Assessor Internal Verifier
Unit(s) Unit 01: Programming
Assignment title Design & Implement a GUI based system using a suitable Integrated
Development Environment
Student’s name K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake
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K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 1

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Student Name/ID K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake / GAM/A-008724
Unit Title Design & Implement a GUI based system using a suitable Integrated
Development Environment
Assignment Number Unit 01 Assessor
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submission
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Assessor Feedback:
LO1. Define basic algorithms to carry out an operation and outline the process of programming an application.
Pass, Merit & Distinction Descripts P1 M1 D1
LO2. Explain the characteristics of procedural, object-orientated and event-driven programming, conduct an analysis of a suit
Integrated Development Environment (IDE).
LO3. Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE.
LO4. Determine the debugging process and explain the importance of a coding standard.
Pass, Merit & Distinction Descripts P4 P5 M4 D4
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Pearson Higher Nationals in
Computing
Unit 01: Programming
Assignment 01

General Guidelines
1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your assignment. Use
previous page as your cover sheet and be sure to fill the details correctly.
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be accepted for failure to hand in the work on time.
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illness, you may apply (in writing) for an extension.
6. Failure to achieve at least a PASS grade will result in a REFERRAL grade being given.
7. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic REFERRAL.
You will then be asked to complete an alternative assignment.
8. Take great care that if you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, you
properly reference them, using the HARVARD referencing system, in you text and
any bibliography, otherwise you may be guilty of plagiarism.
9. If you are caught plagiarising you could have your grade reduced to A REFERRAL or
at worst you could be excluded from the course.

Student Declaration
I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to present
it as my own without attributing the sources in the correct way. I further understand what it means
to copy another’s work.
1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.

2. I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of the Edexcel UK.
3. I know what the consequences will be if I plagiaries or copy another’s work in any of
the assignments for this program.
4. I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspects of my program,
will be my own, and where I have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the
source in the correct way.
5. I acknowledge that the attachment of this document signed or not, constitutes a
binding agreement between myself and Edexcel UK.
6. I understand that my assignment will not be considered as submitted if this
document is not attached to the attached.
kadamith@gmail.com
Student’s Signature: Date:

(Provide E-mail ID) (Provide Submission Date)

Higher National Diploma in Computing
Assignment Brief
Student Name /ID Number K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake / GAM/A-008724
Unit Number and Title Unit 01: Programming
Academic Year 2017/18
Unit Tutor
Assignment Title Design & Implement a GUI based system using a suitable
Integrated Development Environment
Issue Date
Submission Date
IV Name & Date
Submission Format
This submission will have 3 components
1. Written Report
This submission is in the form of an individual written report. This should be written in a concise, formal
business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required to make use of headings, paragraphs
and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be supported with research and referenced using the
Harvard referencing system. Please also provide a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system. (The
recommended word count is 1,500–2,000 words for the report excluding annexures)
2. Implemented System (Software)

The student should submit a GUI based system developed using an IDE. The system should connect with a
backend database and should have at least 5 different forms and suitable functionality including insert,
edit and delete of main entities and transaction processing.
3. Presentation
With the submitted system student should do a presentation to demonstrate the system that was
developed. Time allocated is 10 to 15 min. Student may use 5 to 10 PowerPoint slides while doing the
presentation, but live demonstration of the system is required. Evaluator will also check the ability to
modify and debug the system using the IDE.

Unit Learning Outcomes:
LO1. Define basic algorithms to carry out an operation and outline the process of
programming an application.
LO2. Explain the characteristics of procedural, object-orientated and event-driven

programming, conduct an analysis of a suitable Integrated Development
Environment (IDE).
LO3. Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE.
LO4. Determine the debugging process and explain the importance of a coding
standard

Assignment Brief and Guidance:
Activity 1
Searching on an array/list is to find a given element on the array and return whether it is found
or not and return its position if found. Linear search and binary search are two popular
searching algorithms on arrays.
1.1 Define what an algorithm is and outline the characteristics of a good algorithm. Develop
algorithms for linear search and binary search using Pseudo code.
1.2 Describe the steps involved in the process of writing and executing a program. Take an
array of 10 or more elements and dry run the above two algorithms. Show the outputs at
the end of each iteration and the final output.
1.3 Define what Big-O notation is and explain its role in evaluating efficiencies of algorithms.
Write the Python program code for the above two algorithms and critically evaluate their
efficiencies using Big-O notation.
Activity 2
2.1 Define what is meant by a Programming Paradigm. Explain the main characteristics of
Procedural, Object oriented and Event-driven paradigms and the relationships among
them.
2.2 Write small snippets of code as example for the above three programming paradigms using
a suitable programming language(s).
2.3 Critically evaluate the code samples that you have above in relation to their structure and
the unique characteristics.

Activity 3 and Activity 4 are based on the following Scenario.
Ayubo Drive is the transport arm of Ayubo Leisure (Pvt) Ltd, an emerging travel & tour
company in Sri Lanka. It owns a fleet of vehicles ranging from cars, SUVs to vans.
The vehicles that it owns are hired or rented with or without a driver. The tariffs are based on
the vehicle type. Some of the vehicle types that it operates are, small car, sedan car, SVUs, Jeep
(WD), 7-seater van and Commuter van. New vehicle types are to be added in the future.
Vehicle rent and hire options are described below.
1. Rent (With or without driver) – For each type of vehicle rates are given per day, per week
and per month. Rate for a driver also given per day. Depending on the rent period the total
rent amount needs to be calculated. For example: if a vehicle is rented for 10 days with a
driver, total amount to be calculated as follows:
Total rent = weeklyRent x 1 + dailyRent x 3 + dailyDriverCost x 10
2. Hire (with driver only) – These are based on packages such as airport drop, airport pickup,
100km per day package, 200km per day package etc. Standard rates are defined for a
package type of a vehicle type if that is applicable for that type of vehicle. For each package
maximum km limit and maximum number of hours are also defined. Extra km rate is also
defined which is applicable if they run beyond the allocated km limit for the tour. For day
tours if they exceed max hour limit, a waiting charge is applicable for extra hours. Driver
overnight rate and vehicle night park rate also defined which is applicable for each night
when the vehicle is hired for 2 or more days.
Activity 3
3.1 Design suable algorithms for vehicle tariff calculation for rents and hires.
Ideally 3 functions should be developed for this purpose as follows:
Function 1: Rent calculation.

Return the total rent_value when vehicle_no, rented_date, return_date, with_driver
parameters are sent in. with_driver parameter is set to true or false depending whether the
vehicle is rented with or without driver.
Function 2: Day tour - hire calculation.

Calculate total hire_value when vehicle_no, package_type, start_time, end_time,
start_km_reading, end_km_reading parameters are sent in. Should return base_hire_charge,
waiting_charge and extra_km_charge as output parameters.
Function 3: Long tour - hire calculation.

Calculate total hire_value when vehicle_no, package_type, start_date, end_date,
start_km_reading, end_km_reading parameters are sent in. Should return base_hire_charge,
overnight_stay_charge and extra_km_charge as output parameters.

3.2 Implement the above algorithms using visual studio IDE (using C#.net) and design the
suitable database structure for keeping the tariffs for vehicle types and different packages
which must be used for implementing the above functions.
3.3 Analyze the features of an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and explain how
those features help in application development. Evaluate the use of the Visual Studio IDE
for your application development contrasted with not using an IDE.
Activity 4
4.1 Design and build a small system to calculate vehicle hire amounts and record them in a
database for customer billing and management reporting for Ayubo drive. This includes the
completing the database design started in 3.2 and implementing one or more GUIs for
vehicle, vehicle type, and package add/edit/delete functions. It essentially requires an
interface for hire calculation and recording function described above. Generating customer
reports and customer invoices are not required for this course work.
4.2 What is debugging an application? Explain the features available in Visual studio IDE for
debugging your code more easily. Evaluate how you used the debugging process to develop
more secure, robust application with examples.
4.3 Explain the coding standards you have used in your application development. Critically
evaluate why a coding standard is necessary for the team as well as for the individual.

Grading Rubric
Grading Criteria Achieved Feedback
LO1 Define basic algorithms to carry out an operation

and outline the process of programming an
application.
P1 Provide a definition of what an algorithm is and outline

the process in building an application.
M1 Determine the steps taken from writing code to

execution.
D1 Examine the implementation of an algorithm in a suitable

language. Evaluate the relationship between the written
algorithm and the code variant
LO2 Explain the characteristics of procedural, object

orientated and event-driven programming, conduct an
analysis of a suitable Integrated Development
Environment (IDE)

P2 Give explanations of what procedural, object orientated,
and event driven paradigms are; their characteristics and the
relationship between them.
M2 Analyze the common features that a developer has

access to in an IDE.
D2 Critically evaluate the source code of an application

which implements the programming paradigms, in terms of
the code structure and characteristics.
LO3 Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE.
P3 Write a program that implements an algorithm using an

IDE.
M3 Use the IDE to manage the development process of the

program.
D3 Evaluate the use of an IDE for development of

applications contrasted with not using an IDE.

LO4 Determine the debugging process and explain
the importance of a coding standard
P4 Explain the debugging process and explain the

debugging facilities available in the IDE.
P5 Outline the coding standard you have used in your code.
M4 Evaluate how the debugging process can be used to

help develop more secure, robust applications.
D4 Critically evaluate why a coding standard is necessary in

a team as well as for the individual.

Acknowledgement
I would like to thanks for our HND coordinator Mr. Theekshana Gunathilake. And also I
would like to thank my parents and all of my friends who gave hand to make this subject
assignment in a successful way.

Table of Contents
Activity 01................................................................................................................................ 23
1.1. Define what an algorithm is and outline the characteristics of a good algorithm.
Develop algorithms for linear search and binary search using Pseudo code. ...................... 23
1.1.1. What is an algorithm? ........................................................................................ 23
1.1.2. Characteristics of good algorithm ...................................................................... 23
1.1.3. Linear Search using Pseudo code ...................................................................... 24
1.1.4. Binary Search using Pseudo code ...................................................................... 25
1.2. Describe the steps involved in the process of writing and executing a program. Take
an array of 10 or more elements and dry run the above two algorithms. Show the outputs at
the end of each iteration and the final output. ...................................................................... 26
1.2.1. Defining the problem ......................................................................................... 26
1.2.2. Planning the solution.......................................................................................... 27
1.2.3. Coding the program ........................................................................................... 28
1.2.4. Testing the program ........................................................................................... 28
1.2.5. Document the program ...................................................................................... 29
1.3. Define what Big-O notation is and explain its role in evaluating efficiencies of
algorithms. Write the Python program code for the above two algorithms and critically
evaluate their efficiencies using Big-O notation. ................................................................. 30
1.3.1. What is Big-O notion? ....................................................................................... 30
1.3.2. Efficiencies of algorithms .................................................................................. 30
1.3.3. Linear Search using Python ............................................................................... 31
1.3.4. Binary Search using Python ............................................................................... 32
Activity 02................................................................................................................................ 33
2.1. Define what is meant by a Programming Paradigm. Explain the main characteristics
of Procedural, Object oriented and Event-driven paradigms and the relationships among
them. 33
2.1.1. What is Programming Paradigm? ...................................................................... 33
2.1.2. Procedural programming ................................................................................... 33

2.1.3. Object-oriented programming ............................................................................ 34
2.1.4. Event-driven programming ................................................................................ 35
2.2. Write small snippets of code as example for the above three programming
paradigms using a suitable programming language(s)......................................................... 36
2.2.1. Three programming paradigms using suitable language(s) ............................... 36
2.2.2. What is an IDE? ................................................................................................. 39
2.3. Critically evaluate the code samples that you have above in relation to their structure
and the unique characteristics. ............................................................................................. 41
2.3.1. Procedural programming (C++)......................................................................... 41
2.3.2. Object-oriented programming (C#) ................................................................... 42
2.3.3. Event-driven programming (Python) ................................................................. 43
Activity 03................................................................................................................................ 45
3.1. Design suable algorithms for vehicle tariff calculation for rents and hires. Ideally 3
functions should be developed for this purpose as follows: ................................................ 45
3.1.1. Function 1: Rent Calculation ............................................................................. 45
3.1.2. Function 2: Day tour – Hire Calculation............................................................ 46
3.1.3. Function 3: Long tour – Hire Calculation .......................................................... 47
3.2. Implement the above algorithms using visual studio IDE (using C#.net) and design
the suitable database structure for keeping the tariffs for vehicle types and different
packages which must be used for implementing the above functions. ................................ 48
3.2.1. Details of vehicle types and packages ............................................................... 48
3.2.2. Databases ........................................................................................................... 52
3.3. Analyze the features of an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and explain
how those features help in application development. Evaluate the use of the Visual Studio
IDE for your application development contrasted with not using an IDE. .......................... 54
3.3.1. IDE features ....................................................................................................... 54
3.3.2. Overview of IDE benefits .................................................................................. 55
Activity 04................................................................................................................................ 58

4.1. Design and build a small system to calculate vehicle hire amounts and record them in
a database for customer billing and management reporting for Ayubo drive. This includes
the completing the database design started in 3.2 and implementing one or more GUIs for
vehicle, vehicle type, and package add/edit/delete functions. It essentially requires an
interface for hire calculation and recording function described above. Generating customer
reports and customer invoices are not required for this course work. ................................. 58
4.1.1. Interfaces for Rent Calculation .......................................................................... 58
4.1.2. Interfaces for Hire Calculation........................................................................... 61
4.1.3. Add New Vehicle ............................................................................................... 63
4.1.4. Package .............................................................................................................. 66
4.1.5. History................................................................................................................ 68
4.2. What is debugging an application? Explain the features available in Visual studio
IDE for debugging your code more easily. Evaluate how you used the debugging process
to develop more secure, robust application with examples. ................................................ 72
4.2.1. What is Debugging? ........................................................................................... 72
4.2.2. Debugging process ............................................................................................. 76
4.3. Explain the coding standards you have used in your application development.
Critically evaluate why a coding standard is necessary for the team as well as for the
individual. ............................................................................................................................ 77
4.3.1. Coding Standard................................................................................................. 77
4.3.2. Why is a coding standard necessary? ................................................................. 78
4.3.3. Why a coding standard is necessary in a team as well as for the individual? .... 79
Gantt chart ................................................................................................................................ 80
Bibliography............................................................................................................................. 81

List of Figure
Figure 1: Programming Process (Author Developed).............................................................. 26

Figure 2: Solution Flow chart .................................................................................................. 27
Figure 3: Linear Search using Python ...................................................................................... 31
Figure 4: Linear Search output................................................................................................. 31
Figure 5: Binary Search using Python ..................................................................................... 32
Figure 6: Binary Search output ................................................................................................ 32
Figure 7: C++ Code ................................................................................................................. 36
Figure 8: C++ output ................................................................................................................ 36
Figure 9: OOP code.................................................................................................................. 37
Figure 10: OOP output ............................................................................................................. 37
Figure 11: Event-driven code ................................................................................................... 38
Figure 12: Event-driven output ................................................................................................ 38
Figure 13: Rectangle Class ...................................................................................................... 42
Figure 14: Vehicle charges ...................................................................................................... 52
Figure 15: Rent......................................................................................................................... 52
Figure 16: Hire ......................................................................................................................... 52
Figure 17: Add new vehicle ..................................................................................................... 53
Figure 18: Package ................................................................................................................... 53
Figure 19: Correct coding ........................................................................................................ 55
Figure 20: Debugging .............................................................................................................. 56
Figure 21: Customize ............................................................................................................... 57
Figure 22: Rent with driver ...................................................................................................... 58
Figure 23: Select category and charge ..................................................................................... 59
Figure 24: Rent with Driver Calculation.................................................................................. 59
Figure 25: Rent without Driver ................................................................................................ 60
Figure 26: Select category and charges.................................................................................... 60
Figure 27: Rent without Calculation ........................................................................................ 61
Figure 28: Hire Calculation...................................................................................................... 61
Figure 29: Select category and base hire ................................................................................. 62
Figure 30: Calculate Days ........................................................................................................ 62
Figure 31: Calculate Hire ......................................................................................................... 63
Figure 32: Add New Vehicle ................................................................................................... 63

Figure 33: Generate an Auto ID ............................................................................................... 64
Figure 34: Add New Vehicle ................................................................................................... 64
Figure 35: Update Vehicle Details ........................................................................................... 65
Figure 36: Delete Vehicle ........................................................................................................ 65
Figure 37: Package ................................................................................................................... 66
Figure 38: Generate an Auto ID ............................................................................................... 66
Figure 39: Add Package ........................................................................................................... 67
Figure 40: Update Package ...................................................................................................... 67
Figure 41: Delete Package ....................................................................................................... 68
Figure 42: History of Rent ....................................................................................................... 68
Figure 43: Retrieve Rent Data ................................................................................................. 69
Figure 44: Search Grid Data - Rent ......................................................................................... 69
Figure 45: History of Hire ........................................................................................................ 70
Figure 46: Search Grid Data - Hire .......................................................................................... 70
Figure 47: Retrieve Hire Data .................................................................................................. 71
Figure 48: Source Level Debugger .......................................................................................... 73
Figure 49: Debug a Running Process ....................................................................................... 73
Figure 50: Breakpoint .............................................................................................................. 74
Figure 51: Edit and Continue ................................................................................................... 75
Figure 52: Value and Variable ................................................................................................. 75

List of Table
Table 1: Vehicle daily rate ....................................................................................................... 48

Table 2: Hire package 1 ........................................................................................................... 50
Table 3: Package Hire 2 ........................................................................................................... 51

Activity 01
1.1. Define what an algorithm is and outline the characteristics of a good algorithm.
Develop algorithms for linear search and binary search using Pseudo code.
1.1.1. What is an algorithm?

An algorithm is a set of instructions designed to perform a task. This can be a simple process
like multiplying two numbers. Search engines use proprietary algorithms to show the most
relevant results from their search index for specific queries. In computer programming,
algorithms are often created as functions. These functions serve as small programs that can be
redirected to a larger program. For example, a software application may include a collection
of functions that use an algorithm to present different code formats. Examples of computer
configuration algorithms include configuration, space, and activation.
1.1.2. Characteristics of good algorithm

Not all cryptographic procedures can be called algorithms. In particular, an algorithm should
have the following features:
 Unambiguous − Algorithm should be clear and unambiguous. Each of its steps (or
phases), and their inputs/outputs should be clear and must lead to only one meaning.
 Input − An algorithm should have 0 or more well-defined inputs.
 Output − An algorithm should have 1 or more well-defined outputs, and should
match the desired output.
 Finiteness − Algorithms must terminate after a finite number of steps.
 Feasibility − Should be feasible with the available resources.
 Independent − An algorithm should have step-by-step directions, which should be
independent of any programming code.
(tutorialspoint, 2020)

1.1.3. Linear Search using Pseudo code
LinearSearch(list, target_element):
{
initialize index = 0
while (index < number of items in the list)
{
if (list[index] == target element)
{
return index
}
increment index by 1
}
return -1
}
(Tarade, 2019)

1.1.4. Binary Search using Pseudo code
BinarySearch(a, n, key)
Begin
Set start = 0, end = n-1, mid = (start + end)/2;
while( start <= end && a[mid] != key) do
if (key < a[mid]) then
Set end = mid – 1; //search in the left half
else
Set start = mid + 1; //search in the right half
endif
Set mid = (start + end)/2;
endwhile
if(start > end)
return -1; //key not found
return mid; //returning key index
End
(dyclassroom)

1.2. Describe the steps involved in the process of writing and executing a program.
Take an array of 10 or more elements and dry run the above two algorithms. Show
the outputs at the end of each iteration and the final output.
It usually consists of a code generation method and an execution method. Code generation is
usually done in a special computer language. This is usually a collection of short words and
special characters written in a special structure called syntax.
Code execution means that the computer usually reads the code and understands what it takes
to start processing it. The code will be based on the method used by the computer to convert
it into machine instructions.
There are five main ingredients in the programming process:
1.2.1. Defining the problem

It is essential to identify a problem before solving it. Meets users of the client organization to
analyze the problem. Or meet with a system analyst who provides information about the
project. Specifically, the task of defining a problem consists of identifying it and the output
required to obtain it. Finally, you submit a written agreement. Specifies, among other things,
the required input processing and output. This is not a simple process.
Input Process Output
Figure 1: Programming Process (Author Developed)

1.2.2. Planning the solution
Two common methods of designing a solution to a problem are drawing a flow chart and
writing a pseudo-code, or both. A flow chart is a graphical representation of a step-by-step
solution to a problem. The program consists of boxes and other symbols representing arrows
and vertices indicating the direction of travel. It's a map of what your program is going to do
and how to do it.
Pseudo code is a non-standard language such as English. That solution allows you to
pronounce more accurately in plain English, but with less accuracy than is required when
using a formal programming language. Pseudo code allows you to focus on program logic
without having to worry about the specific phrase in any programming language.
Figure 2: Solution Flow chart

1.2.3. Coding the program
The next step as a programmer is coding. That is, the solution is to express it in a
programming language. You can translate the logic into a programming language using a
flow chart or a pseudocode or other tool. The programming language is a set of rules. At the
same time, it instructs its computer on what to do with the programming language. There are
many programming languages: Java, C#, C++, .Net and Visual Basic are some examples.
Programming languages are grammatically functional. They are as accurate as the English
language. In order for the program to run, the phrase in the language used must be applied
correctly. Of course, using the language correctly does not guarantee that the program will
work. The main point here is that the first step is to use the language correctly. The coded
program must then be typed. Often in a way that the computer can understand using a
terminal or personal computer.
1.2.4. Testing the program

Some say that a well-designed program can be written correctly for the first time. In fact,
some would say that there are mathematical methods to prove that a program is correct. So
many programmers may have some bugs in the newly written programs and at first this is a
bit discouraging. Because programmers are precise, careful, detailed people who take pride in
their work. There are still many opportunities to introduce errors to any program. Just like the
ones before you, you will find some new ones.
Finally, the program will encode the test after encryption. These step-by-step steps include:
 Desk-checking - After writing any program, a programmer will be interested in running it

on his computer. However, a careful inspection of the program can help identify errors
and save time. The logic of the program, which seeks to ensure flawlessness and
functionality, is that many organizations take this stage one step further.
 Translating - The translator will check the program's phrases to make sure that the
programming language is used correctly and return all the syntax-error messages known
as its diagnosis. The program then converts it to a computer form.
 Debugging - A widely used application in both programming and debugging, it usually
detects, locates, and corrects errors by running the program. These errors are logical

errors, telling a computer to repeat an operation does not tell it how to stop repeating. At
this stage the program is executed using the test data designed.
1.2.5. Document the program

Documentation is an essential process. It will help you as well as many programmers to carry
out more interesting computer activities. Documentation is a written description of a
computer program and the facts about the program. The ideas of the program will also be
accepted as an essential part of the documentation. Most programmers document when they
are coded.
The trusted programmer documents those facts throughout the program design, development,
and testing. It is essential to document human memory and program design, and
documentation will be very important for dealing with others who are interested in the
program.

1.3. Define what Big-O notation is and explain its role in evaluating efficiencies of
algorithms. Write the Python program code for the above two algorithms and
critically evaluate their efficiencies using Big-O notation.
1.3.1. What is Big-O notion?

Big O notation is a mathematical notation, and it describes the behavior of a limited function
when oriented toward specific argument or infinite value. In other words, Big O notation is a
basic tool for computer scientists to analyze the cost of an algorithm. It was discovered by
Paul Bachmann and Edmund Landau. Collectively, this is also known as the Bachmann-
Landau numbering or asymmetric numbering.
1.3.2. Efficiencies of algorithms

The Big-O notation provided a machine-independent efficiency that allowed the algorithm to
be compared. It makes more sense for larger input volumes. It ignores the constant factors
that are inherent in the algorithm. Measuring the efficiency of an algorithm does not depend
on time alone. Instead it is based on many factors. Algorithm performance is described by the
following factors.
 Time efficiency
 Space efficiency
Time efficiency is calculated using the CPU. Space efficiency is calculated using an
algorithm memory and disk.
The developer will know the difference between performance and complexity. Complex
analysis does not depend on any computer resource. It will vary depending on the size of the
input. Algorithm performance is machine independent and does not depend on other factors.
The algorithm should be based on analysis machines independently. RAM mode is the
analysis of memory models that measure the runtime by calculating the steps used to compute
the algorithm. It may vary depending on the size of the input. However, this algorithm
analysis does not depend on the type of computer. The worst case scenario is to help the
algorithm behave in the worst case scenario and to understand the algorithm functionality.

Big O notation simplifies algorithm analysis by asking simple questions to simplify algorithm
functionality. Big O numbering simplifies the comparison of the algorithm.
1.3.3. Linear Search using Python
Figure 3: Linear Search using Python
Linear Search output
Figure 4: Linear Search output

1.3.4. Binary Search using Python
Figure 5: Binary Search using Python
Binary Search output
Figure 6: Binary Search output

Activity 02
2.1. Define what is meant by a Programming Paradigm. Explain the main

characteristics of Procedural, Object oriented and Event-driven paradigms and
the relationships among them.
2.1.1. What is Programming Paradigm?

A programming paradigm is a philosophy, style, or general approach to writing code. Most
definitions of the term are so broad as to be fairly useless-the term tends to make more sense
when discussing specific paradigms.
If you are programming from Python or C, you are using essential programs. Essential
programming defines a solution to a problem as a series of steps. Programs written in the
essential style are often similar to recipes. Essential programs often assign new variables that
change the status of the program on each line and refer to or modify the old ones. Small
problems are intelligent to solve and essential programs cannot be controlled quickly when
they are large.
(Smyth, 2018)
There are three main programming paradigm characteristics.
2.1.2. Procedural programming

Procedural programming is a method of assisting in dividing functionality into a number of
programs. In procedural programming, a large program is divided into smaller manageable
parts known as procedures or functions. Here tasks are given priority over data. Procedures In
a programming language, a program basically consists of a series of instructions. Each of
them tells the computer to read the user's input, calculate the required number, and show the
output.

Characteristics of procedural programming:
 A large program is divided into smaller manageable procedures or tasks.

 Reduces code duplication, thereby increasing the readability and maintenance of the
code.
 Data can be shared across global variables by different functions.
 Tasks can change global data.
 Procedural programming follows the top-down methodology. That is, the workflow
moves from top to bottom.
(lightbringer, 2019)
2.1.3. Object-oriented programming

Object Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming model based on the concept of
classes and objects. A software program is used to structure a simple, reusable code plan into
pieces. In other words, since OOP is a programming model, it has many object-oriented
programming languages including: C++, Java, C #, and Python. (Doherty, 2020)
Characteristics of object-oriented programming:
 Emphasis on data rather than action procedure.

 Data structures are designed in such a way that they are characterized by objects.
 Functions that function on an object's data are associated with data structures.
 Data is hidden and cannot be accessed by external activities.
 New data and functions can be easily added when needed.
 Follows the bottom line when planning a program.
(careerride)

2.1.4. Event-driven programming
Event-based programming is when a program is created to respond to contact users in a
variety of ways. It is called a programming model. Meanwhile, it is the flow of program
implementation that is determined by the events involved. Events are any user interaction
such as clicking or pressing in response to a query from the system. Events are monitored by
a code called event listener. (Edge Tech Academy)
Characteristics of event-drive programming:
 Service Orientation - Service focus will be a key component of the programs used to
create programs. At the same time, service orientation is a small part of computer
control power because it is not slow.
 Time Driven - Affected time is an ideal in an event-driven programming.
 Event handlers - Event handlers are the kind of people who execute a specific action
when a specific event is requested.
 Triggers Functions - Induction-based coding functions are functions that determine
which code should be performed when a specific event occurs.
 Events - Events include the mouse, computer keyboard, and user interface, and events
must be triggered in order for this to happen.
(Maria, 2018)

2.2. Write small snippets of code as example for the above three programming
paradigms using a suitable programming language(s).
2.2.1. Three programming paradigms using suitable language(s)

1. Procedural programming (C++)
Figure 7: C++ Code
Figure 8: C++ output

2. Object-oriented programming (C#)
Figure 9: OOP code
Figure 10: OOP output

3. Event-driven programming (Python)
Figure 11: Event-driven code
Figure 12: Event-driven output

2.2.2. What is an IDE?
Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is software for building applications that
integrates common developer tools into a single graphical user interface (GUI). At the basic
level, the IDE provides users with interfaces to write code, write a sentence, and run a
program. But instead of a skeletal code editor, IDEs combine the functionality of multiple
programming processes into one. Some IDEs focus more on programming languages such as
Java. But IDEs like Android Studio and Visual Studio have cross-language capabilities.
Creates a hierarchy in the IDE for one or more users throughout the writing process, attaching
those code groups to their named region. Of these, teams can be grouped together, organized
and built. Most IDEs come with Built-Debugger, which enables build. Visual debugging is a
significant benefit of most IDEs. If any errors or omissions are found, the IDE will indicate
which parts of the code are having problems.
Common features of Integrated Development Environment:
1. Text editor - Almost every IDE has a text editor for writing source code and running
code. Some tools may have visible components for dragging the front parts. But most of
them have a simple interface with the highlighting of language specific syntax.
2. Debugger - debugging tools that help users identify and fix bugs in the source code. They
often mimic real-world events to test functionality. Programmers and software engineers
usually check various parts of the code and identify errors before releasing the
application.
3. Compiler - A programming language that converts components into a format machine
and can function as binary code. The machine code is analyzed to ensure its accuracy.
The compiler then analyzes and optimizes the code to optimize performance.
4. Code completion - Supports complete code programmers by intelligently identifying and
entering minor code formats these features save developers time-consuming code and
reduce the likelihood of typos and errors.
5. Programming language support - IDEs are usually specific to a single programming
language, but several will provide multilingual support. So, the first step is to find out

which languages the code will be edited for and reduce the future IDE list accordingly.
Examples include Python and Java IDE tools.
6. Integrations and plugins - It is not surprising to consider integrations when looking at
IDE. The IDE is the development portal, so being able to integrate all other development
tools will improve the development workflow and productivity. Poor integration can
cause a lot of problems and many headaches, so be sure to understand how well a
potential IDE fits into your existing tool ecosystem.
(Walker, 2018)

2.3. Critically evaluate the code samples that you have above in relation to their
structure and the unique characteristics.
Three structures and the unique characteristics:
2.3.1. Procedural programming (C++)

One of the main reasons why C++ is used for procedural programming is not only because it
is easy to perform in such programming languages, but also because it applies all the relevant
classes to one page. And if there is any error here it is to point it out clearly. In C++ each
code starts with “#include <iostream>”. Then “using namespace std;” will be applied, and
then the “int main ()” method will inevitably be applied to C++. Any encoding under this
system takes place and this is where the entire code runs. According to the above code, there
are two arrays, “int” and “char”. Here “int” is Integer and will always use only numbers. And
“char” here means characters and will always use only letters. These two arrays or any other
code, or information for any system, runs information “cout<<number<<endl;” According to
the name code. The code above is “cout<<number[0]<<endl;” The main reason for giving
value with a local variable as is that an array has been used for this code.
Advantages of procedural programming:
 Procedural programming is great for general task programs.

 Coded simplicity and ease of implementation for compilers and converters.
 The source code is portable and can be used to target another CPU.
 The code can be reused in different parts of the program without the need to copy it.
 The need for memory is also reduced through procedural programming technology.
 Program streams can be easily found.
(Bhatia, 2020)

2.3.2. Object-oriented programming (C#)
The most commonly used programming languages for object-oriented programming (OOP)
are Java and C#, where the C# language is used for the above code, and a separate class is
called to run the code. The “main class” in the code shown here is a subclass called
“Rectangle”. The subclass here is “Changed;” and “length;” said a public event and set up a
private field and they include the "public double" said the double-precision, and has been
used for field parameter.
Figure 13: Rectangle Class
As mentioned above, the subclass “Rectangle” is called the main class. Here “r” is used as the
local variable for the subclass called “Rectangle”. That local variable is represented by a void
program called “EventHandler”. Then “Length” is represented for the “public double” in the
subclass and a value is added under it. It reads “r.Length = 10;” as. The subclass “Rectangle”
is called the “sender” parameter under a separate static method “r_Changed” in the main
class. Finally here is “Console.WriteLine("Value Changed: Length = {0}”, r.Length);” The
value mentioned earlier will run in parentheses mentioned here.

Advantages of object-oriented programming (OOP):
 Re-usability - This method is easier than re-creating a program. This is done using a
class. It can be used any number of times as required.
 Data Redundancy - Data redundancy is one of the biggest advantages of OOP. If a
user wants similar functionality in multiple classes, they can proceed by writing
common class definitions for similar functions.
 Code Maintenance - This feature is more required than any other programming
language and allows users to rework it in many different ways. Existing codes always
save time in maintaining and modifying it by adding new changes to it.
 Security - The programmer maintains security and provides the data needed to view.
 Design Benefits - The design benefit to the user is that they can easily design and
correct things as well as eliminate risks. Here object-oriented programs force
designers to enter a design phase.
 Better productivity - Definitely increases the overall productivity of its users when
using the app. This allows them to do more work, complete a better program, has
more unique features and is easier to read, write and maintain.
(educba)
2.3.3. Event-driven programming (Python)

Python programming language was used here for event-driven programming. The code that
appears here indicates that the code starts with “import”. The word “import” is preceded by a
code name for any programming language, not just Python, but Java and C#. Here the word
“def” is abbreviated to mean „define‟. It is a keyword that should define a function. Then all
the code placed between the function_name and the end is executed every time
function_name is dialed. Here function_name is given as “hello_world”. Here a parameter is
used in parentheses after the function name “hello_world”. It is very important in code
running. This parameter gives a stop after the print value of the code. Here the parameter
“loop” will make the code name get event. This parameter will then call the method
“hello_world” and the parameter “loop”. Eventually this parameter will be ready to run and
close that parameter.

Advantages of event-driven programming:
 Flexibility - Programmers that use event-driven can be altered easily if the

programmer wants something to be changed. This paradigm allows the programmer to
produce a form of their requirements.
 Suitability for Graphical Interfaces - Event-driven allows the user to select
different tools from the toolbar to directly create what they need such as buttons, radio
buttons, etc.
 Simplicity of Programming - Event-driven can make programming easier for some
by being able to directly edit the object you want the code for.
 Easy to Find Natural Dividing Lines - it‟s easy to find natural dividing lines for unit
testing infrastructure.
 Highly Compostable - it‟s highly compostable.
 Simple and Understandable - It allows for a very simple and understandable model
for both sides of the DevOps Bridge.
(Partner, 2019)

Activity 03
3.1. Design suable algorithms for vehicle tariff calculation for rents and hires. Ideally 3
functions should be developed for this purpose as follows:
3.1.1. Function 1: Rent Calculation

(Rent with driver)
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Rent per day / Rent per week / Rent per month
Step 3: Vehicle category, rented date, return date
Step 4: Set a table in MySQL, Daily rent and drive rent, Linking Visual Studio to MySql
Step 5: Calculate the charges for the numbers of days with module:
Basic Rent: Daily rent * Number of days
Step 6: Add driver rent
Step 7: Calculate the total rent for the module:
Rent with driver: Basic rent (Daily rent * Number of days) + driver rent
Step 8: Calculate total rent
Step 9: End
(Rent without driver)
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Rent per day / Rent per week / Rent per month
Step 3: Vehicle category, rented date, Return date
Step 4: Set a table in MySQL, Daily rent and drive rent, Linking Visual Studio to MySql

Step 5: Calculate the charges for the numbers of days with module:
Basic Rent: Daily rent * Number of days
Step 6: Calculate total rent
Step 7: End
3.1.2. Function 2: Day tour – Hire Calculation

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Select tour hire category
Step 3: Select vehicle category, Select package type, input driver fee, Start km, Ending km
Step 4: Calculate starting date to ending date in duration
Duration: Start date – End date
Step 5: According to select package type on display the base hire, night park charge,
overnight charge, waiting charge, extra km charge and extra hour charge.
Step 6: Calculate pay hire for the module:
Total hire: Base hire + Night Park + overnight + waiting charge + extra km charge + extra
hour charge
Step 7: Calculate pay hire
Step 8: End

3.1.3. Function 3: Long tour – Hire Calculation
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Select tour hire category
Step 3: Select vehicle category, Select package type, input driver fee, Start km, Ending km
Step 4: Calculate starting date to ending date in duration
Duration: Start date – End date
Step 5: According to select package type on display the base hire, night park charge,
overnight charge, waiting charge, extra km charge and extra hour charge.
Step 6: Calculate pay hire for the module:
Total hire: Base hire + Night Park + overnight + waiting charge + extra km charge + extra
hour charge
Step 7: Calculate pay hire
Step 8: End

3.2. Implement the above algorithms using visual studio IDE (using C#.net) and
design the suitable database structure for keeping the tariffs for vehicle
types and different packages which must be used for implementing the
above functions.
3.2.1. Details of vehicle types and packages

 Function 1
Category ID Vehicle Category Daily rate
1 Small car 1500
2 Sedan 2000
3 SUV 2500
4 Jeep 3000
5 Seven seat van 3500
6 Commuter van 4000
Table 1: Vehicle daily rate
 Function 2
Package Vehicle Max Max Rent Extra Extra Driver

KM Hours hour km rate Rent
rate
Airport Small 100 km 12 1500 150 100 5000

drop
Airport Sedan 100 km 12 2000 150 100 5000

drop
Airport Small 200 km 12 1500 200 200 5000

pickup
Airport Sedan 200 km 12 2000 200 200 5000

pickup
Airport SUV 200 km 12 2500 200 200 5000

pickup
Airport Seven seat 200 km 12 3500 200 200 5000

pickup van
Airport Commuter 200 km 12 4000 200 200 5000

pickup van
100 km Small 250 km 24 1500 200 300 5000

per day
100 km Sedan 250 km 24 2000 200 300 5000

per day
100 km SUV 250 km 24 2500 200 300 5000

per day
100 km Jeep 250 km 24 3000 200 300 5000

per day
100 km Seven seat 250 km 24 3500 200 300 5000

per day van
100 km Commuter 250 km 24 4000 200 300 5000

per day van
200 km Small 350 km 24 1500 250 350 5000

per day
200 km Sedan 350 km 24 2000 250 350 5000

per day
200 km SUV 350 km 24 2500 250 350 5000

per day
200 km Jeep 350 km 24 3000 250 350 5000

per day
200 km Seven seat 350 km 24 3500 250 350 5000

per day van
200 km Commuter 350 km 24 4000 250 350 5000

per day van
Summer Small 400 km 72 1500 300 400 6000

tour
Summer Sedan 400 km 72 2000 300 400 6000

tour
Summer SUV 400 km 72 2500 300 400 6000

tour
Summer Jeep 400 km 72 3000 300 400 6000

tour
Summer Seven seat 400 km 72 3500 300 400 6000

tour van
Summer Commuter 400 km 72 4000 300 400 6000

tour van
Table 2: Hire package 1
 Function 3
Package Vehicle Max Max Rent Overnight Extra Driver

KM days rate km rate Rent
Airport Small 100 km 2 8250 150 100 5000

drop
Airport Sedan 100 km 2 9250 150 100 5000

drop
Airport SUV 200 km 2 10400 200 200 5000

pickup
Airport Seven seat 200 km 2 12400 200 200 5000

pickup van
Airport Commuter 200 km 2 13400 200 200 5000

pickup van

100 km Small 250 km 2 8450 200 250 5000
per day
100 km Sedan 250 km 2 9450 200 250 5000

per day
100 km SUV 250 km 2 10450 200 250 5000

per day
100 km Jeep 250 km 2 11450 200 250 5000

per day
100 km Seven seat 250 km 2 12450 200 250 5000

per day van
100 km Commuter 250 km 2 13450 200 250 5000

per day van
200 km Small 350 km 3 10050 250 300 5000

per day
200 km Sedan 350 km 3 11550 250 300 5000

per day
200 km SUV 350 km 3 13050 250 300 5000

per day
200 km Jeep 350 km 3 14550 250 300 5000

per day
200 km Seven seat 350 km 3 16050 250 300 5000

per day van
200 km Commuter 350 km 3 17550 250 300 5000

per day van
Table 3: Package Hire 2

3.2.2. Databases
 VEHICLE CHARGES
Figure 14: Vehicle charges
 RENT
Figure 15: Rent
 HIRE
Figure 16: Hire

 NEW VEHICLE
Figure 17: Add new vehicle
 PACKAGE
Figure 18: Package

3.3. Analyze the features of an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and
explain how those features help in application development. Evaluate the use of the
Visual Studio IDE for your application development contrasted with not using an
IDE.
3.3.1. IDE features

Text editors - have their own source code for writing text in integrated development
environments. There may be visual components to support certain elements. Programs are
easy to use interfaces with specific language syntax.
Debugger - This is how the source code is fixed when there is a problem with the code.
Compiler - This is how it works as a translator for various programs such as binary code.
Here the translator looks at the accuracy of the data and the compiler interprets the code.
Code completion - This helps the programmer to identify common code elements. This saves
the programmer time and minimizes problems before they occur.
Programming language support - Externally IDE is a single programming language that

also supports multiple languages.
Integrations and plugins - The gateway to developing an IDE program. This is because
development and sophistication can be improved by integrating other development tools.
Therefore, a developer must understand whether this potential IDE fits the essence of his
work.
Famous IDE: Netbeans, Microsoft Visual Studio, Android Studio
Advantages of IDE:
 Easy to use.
 Simplifies the creation of database applications.
 No detailed knowledge of the database is required.
 Provides predefined facilities for searching, sorting, retrieving and processing data
within a database

 It also facilitates the creation of an attractive user interface with menu, button and text
boxes, etc.
(jabeen)
3.3.2. Overview of IDE benefits

Microsoft Visual Studio is used to set up and run this system.
 Correct Coding
The C# programming language is used here in the Visual Studio IDE, providing live
encoding support regardless of the programming language. Provides hints and details about
the platform's built-in IntelliSense API, and automatically completes lines for better speed. In
addition, the user completes the code required for the system. If there is any error in the code,
it is indicated by an underline.
Figure 19: Correct coding

 Quick Debugging
Error detection can be a challenge, but the left side of the Visual Studio IDE has a lot of
tools. The troubleshooting support platform is available for all languages included. This
process can be done locally, remotely, and in the middle of production, allowing developers
to apply it to desktop or mobile devices and other debugging methods.
Figure 20: Debugging
 Rigorous Testing
Visual Studio features an IDE application testing platform that ensures that developers are
ready to deploy high quality products. They can do this in the language and test framework of
their choice with minimal effort.
 Team Collaboration
The makers of Visual Studio IDE understand that eye sets are better than one eye. That‟s why
the platform has collaborative capabilities that increase team productivity. These tools are
closely integrated with the development life cycle.

Furthermore, Visual Studio IDE works well in collaboration mode, regardless of each
member's preferred platform.
 Customized Options
Visual Studio IDE offers customization options for every user. They can expand the
functionality of the platform through extensions and add-ons available from the Visual Studio
market.
Figure 21: Customize

Activity 04
4.1. Design and build a small system to calculate vehicle hire amounts and record them
in a database for customer billing and management reporting for Ayubo drive.
This includes the completing the database design started in 3.2 and implementing
one or more GUIs for vehicle, vehicle type, and package add/edit/delete functions.
It essentially requires an interface for hire calculation and recording function
described above. Generating customer reports and customer invoices are not
required for this course work.
4.1.1. Interfaces for Rent Calculation

 Rent with Driver
Figure 22: Rent with driver

Figure 23: Select category and charge
Figure 24: Rent with Driver Calculation

 Rent without Driver
Figure 25: Rent without Driver
Figure 26: Select category and charges

Figure 27: Rent without Calculation
4.1.2. Interfaces for Hire Calculation
Figure 28: Hire Calculation

Figure 29: Select category and base hire
Figure 30: Calculate Days

Figure 31: Calculate Hire
4.1.3. Add New Vehicle
Figure 32: Add New Vehicle

Figure 33: Generate an Auto ID
Figure 34: Add New Vehicle

Figure 35: Update Vehicle Details
Figure 36: Delete Vehicle

4.1.4. Package
Figure 37: Package
Figure 38: Generate an Auto ID

Figure 39: Add Package
Figure 40: Update Package

Figure 41: Delete Package
4.1.5. History
 History of Rent
Figure 42: History of Rent

Figure 43: Retrieve Rent Data
Figure 44: Search Grid Data - Rent

 History of Hire
Figure 45: History of Hire
Figure 46: Search Grid Data - Hire

Figure 47: Retrieve Hire Data

4.2. What is debugging an application? Explain the features available in Visual
studio IDE for debugging your code more easily. Evaluate how you used the
debugging process to develop more secure, robust application with
examples.
4.2.1. What is Debugging?

In computer programming and engineering, debugging is a multi-process process that
identifies a problem in one‟s system, isolates the source of the problem, and fixes the
problem or a way to work around it. The final step in debugging is to repair or activate your
system and make sure it is working.
In software development, the debugging process begins when a developer is able to find and
reproduce an error in the code of a computer program. Debugging is part of the software
testing process and is an integral part of the overall software development lifecycle.
(Rouse)
Debugging features of Visual Studio
1. Source level debugger
Debugging that appears in a line or expression in the source code is machine code for a
running memory program. Instead of machine control instructions and memory, it is used to
analyze the behavior of programs for high-level applications such as root control flow control
constructions, operating procedures, and designated variables.

Figure 48: Source Level Debugger
2. Debug a running process
This is a troubleshooting process in the visual studio used by the programmer. If this is the
source code, the code is displayed.
Figure 49: Debug a Running Process

3. Breakpoints
Debugging allows you to set breakpoints. This allowed them to suspend their operations.
Figure 50: Breakpoint
4. Controlled execution of the code
The following 4 steps will help you to control how Breakpoints work.
I. Step End
II. Take action
III. Exit
IV. IntelliTrace

5. Edit and Continue
This allows the programmer to edit the code during debugging.
Figure 51: Edit and Continue
6. Display values of variable
There are three options for checking current values encoded by the visual studio programmer.
I. Data tools
II. Quick clock
III. Add the clock
Figure 52: Value and Variable

4.2.2. Debugging process
 If there is a problem with the system as the first step in debugging, that problem
should be reproduced.
 Once reproduced, it should be described to facilitate debugging. To do this, the
programmer must simplify the input of the program.
 When an error appears, take a quick photo of the program and try to get all the
variable values and conditions in that program.
 Analyze the problem based on the situation and the action and try to find the cause of
the error based on that.
 Correct the existing error. But that no new error occurs.

4.3. Explain the coding standards you have used in your application development.
Critically evaluate why a coding standard is necessary for the team as well as for
the individual.
4.3.1. Coding Standard

Sometimes a coding standard is an accepted usage for a language. For example, programmers
C# programmers generally accept that when writing source code, they write parameters and
personal and security fields using a cover. This means they will write all the other identities
using a Pascal cover. This means that the programmer can quickly identify parts by looking at
a C# source code written by someone else. This increases the ability to read.
In professional environments, the advantages of coding standards are readability,

maintainability, and compatibility. A code written by anyone in a development can be read by
another member. With encoding standards, different groups can rely on how they interact
with the code built by a separate team.
Benefits:
 Code integration
 Team member integration
 Maintenance
 Uniform problem solving
 Minimizes communication
 Minimizes performance pitfalls
 Saves money due to Less man hours

4.3.2. Why is a coding standard necessary?
Without a coding standard, developers will use their own methods for encoding. In the
meanwhile this will face some decisive implications.
1. Security Issues: Inconsistencies and logic errors are the main reasons for software
insecurities that are commonly exploited in software. Many of these problems arise due to
poor coding and programming errors caused by their running.
2. Site Performance Issues: Incompatible encoding will affect the overall functionality of
the site. Various performance issues include:
 User interaction
 Server response
 Ability to reuse code
 Flow problems
Implementing coding standards avoids these issues and provides the user with a secure
website with minimal performance issues.
That‟s why Ayubo developers have used application-specific encoding standards, such as
camel masks, Pascal casing, Hungarian numbering, screaming hats, short applications, curved
brackets, and space between all operators and brackets. These standards make the
programmer‟s application more effective. Any developer can and will easily implement new
updates now and in the future because the structure is easily identifiable.

4.3.3. Why a coding standard is necessary in a team as well as for the individual?
Encoding standards help reduce this, as a system developed by a unitary developer can be
complicated for other developers to understand. Each developer also has their own encoding
style created. Therefore, those standards should also be documented. This allows other
developers to connect to the application from the beginning.
The coding standards of a group will not be the same for an individual. Since group
communication requires good communication, there should be no misunderstandings when
developing applications. For example, if a developer uses a short application, the application
may not be understood by another developer. Encoding standards should therefore be
discussed and outlined, as this can save time, money and labor.
Coding standards even help keep secrets between members of one group and members of the
other.
Using a standard encoding standard will provide efficiency and reliability.

Gantt chart
2020 October 04 – October 14
Task Description
04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14
Task 01 - Define basic

algorithms to carry out an
operation and outline the
process of programming
an application.
Task 02 - Explain the

characteristics of
procedural, object
orientated and event-
driven programming,
conduct an analysis of a
suitable Integrated
Development
Environment
Task 03 - Implement
basic algorithms in code
using an IDE.
Task 04 - Determine the

debugging process and
explain the importance of
a coding standard.

Bibliography
1. Bhatia, S. (2020, August 24). Procedural Programming [Definition]. Retrieved October
08, 2020, from hackr.io: https://hackr.io/blog/procedural-programming
2. careerride. (n.d.). Characteristics of Object Oriented programming language - oops.
Retrieved October 07, 2020, from https://www.careerride.com/oops-characteristics.aspx
3. Doherty, E. (2020, April 15). What is Object Oriented Programming? OOP Explained in
Depth. Retrieved October 07, 2020, from educative:
https://www.educative.io/blog/object-oriented-programming
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Higher Nationals

Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)

Programme title HND Programming

Assessor Internal Verifier

Unit(s) Unit 01: Programming

INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST

Do the assessment criteria awarded match

Is the Pass/Merit/Distinction grade awarded

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier signature Date

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 1

Assessor signature Date

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 2

Pass, Merit & Distinction Descripts P1 M1 D1

Pass, Merit & Distinction Descripts P2 M2 D2

LO3. Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE.

Pass, Merit & Distinction Descripts P3 M3 D3

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 3

Feedback: Student to Assessor

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 4

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 5

Word Processing Rules

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 6

1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.

Student’s Signature: Date:

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 7

Unit Number and Title Unit 01: Programming

Academic Year 2017/18

IV Name & Date

This submission will have 3 components

2. Implemented System (Software)

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 8

LO2. Explain the characteristics of procedural, object-orientated and event-driven

LO3. Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE.

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 9

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 10

Vehicle rent and hire options are described below.

Total rent = weeklyRent x 1 + dailyRent x 3 + dailyDriverCost x 10

Function 1: Rent calculation.

Function 2: Day tour - hire calculation.

Function 3: Long tour - hire calculation.

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 11

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 12

Grading Criteria Achieved Feedback

LO1 Define basic algorithms to carry out an operation

P1 Provide a definition of what an algorithm is and outline

M1 Determine the steps taken from writing code to

D1 Examine the implementation of an algorithm in a suitable

LO2 Explain the characteristics of procedural, object

K. A. Damith Sriyantha Karunathilake Unit 01-Programming Page 13

M2 Analyze the common features that a developer has

D2 Critically evaluate the source code of an application

LO3 Implement basic algorithms in code using an IDE.

P3 Write a program that implements an algorithm using an