University of Zakho

College of Engineering
Mechanical Department

Ex. Name:
Contribution of convective and radiative
coefficients to total heat transfer

Name: Sarkaft Muhager Samad

Stage: 3rd Stage
Group: B
Date of Submitting: 24/11/2019
Introduction:
The convective heat transfer coefficient and convective heat transfer area
of the human body must be determined in order to calculate the
convective heat exchange between the body and the environment. The
studies on measurement of convective heat transfer between the body and
contacting surfaces have not been reported.

PURPOSE:-
To compare the contribution of heat transfer by convection with heat
transfer by radiation and from the measurements to show the domination
of the convective heat transfer coefficient Hc at low surface temperatures
and the domination of the radiation heat transfer coefficient Hr at high
surface temperatures.

Apparatus:
The HT14C Combined Convection and Radiation accessory consist of:
a. Heater zone.
b. Electrical motor with centrifugal fan.
c. Axial Fan inside the cylinder.
d. Anemometer to measure air velocity
and flow.
e. Thermocouples to measure
temperatures.
f. Cylindrical envelope to contain the
above.
g. Throttle plate h. HT10XC Heat
Transfer Service Unit.

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Theory:
When a horizontal cylinder, with its surface at a temperature above that
of its surroundings, is located in stationary air then heat loss from the
cylinder will be a combination of natural convection to the air (air
surrounding the cylinder becomes less dense and rises when it is heated)
and radiation to the surroundings.
Note: Heat loss due to conduction is minimized by the design of the
equipment and measurements mid-way along the heated section of the
cylinder can be assumed to be unaffected by conduction at the ends of the
cylinder. Heat loss by conduction would normally be included in the
analysis of a real application.
The following theoretical analysis uses an empirical relationship for the
heat transfer due to natural convection proposed by WH McAdams in the
publication "Heat Transmission", third edition, McGraw-Hill, New York,
1959.

The heat transfer coefficients Hcm and Hrm can be calculated using the
following relationships:

The actual power supplied to the heated cylinder Qin = V I (W)

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Calculation:

V (V) I (A) T9 (℃) T9 (°𝑲) T10 (℃) T10 (°𝑲)

9 1.50 21.1 294.1 208 481

10 1.71 21.4 294.4 236 509

588
13 2.19 21.8 294.8 315

18 3.02 22.2 295.2 448 721

20 3.32 22.5 295.5 500 773

𝐃 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 𝛔 = 𝟓𝟔. 𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟗 𝐖/𝐦𝟐 . °𝐊𝟒 𝛆 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓 𝐅 = 𝟏

 Finding heat transfer coefficient of convection & radiation

by these equations:
(𝐓𝐬 𝟒 − 𝐓∞ 𝟒 ) 𝐓𝐬 −𝐓∞ 𝟎.𝟐𝟓
𝐇𝐫𝐦 = 𝛔𝛆𝐅 𝐇𝐜𝐦 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟐 ( )
(𝐓𝐬 −𝐓∞ ) 𝐃

 Calculate heat transfer coefficient of convection for first

reading:
𝐓𝐬 − 𝐓∞ 𝟎.𝟐𝟓
𝐇𝐜𝐦 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟐 ( )
𝐃
481 − 294.1 0.25
Hcm = 1.32 ( )
0.01
𝐇𝐜𝐦 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟒𝟑𝟑𝟗𝑾/𝒎𝟐 . °𝑲

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 Calculate heat transfer coefficient of radiation for first
reading:
(𝐓𝐬 𝟒 − 𝐓∞ 𝟒 )
𝐇𝐫𝐦 = 𝛔𝛆𝐅
(𝐓𝐬 − 𝐓∞ )

−9
(481)4 − (294.1)4
Hrm = (56.7 × 10 )(0.95)(1) ( )
481 − 294.1

𝐇𝐫𝐦 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟐𝟕𝟎𝟕𝑾/𝒎𝟐 . °𝑲

 Values of heat transfer coefficient of convection &

radiation:

T10 (℃) 𝐻𝑐𝑚 𝐻𝑟𝑚

208 15.4339 13.2707

236 15.9764 14.9624

315 17. 2728 20.5734

448 18.9616 33.2248

500 19.5126 39.4163

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 Graph between heat transfer coefficient of convection &
radiation against Surface temperature (T10):

40

Radiatio
35
Hcm & Hrm ( 𝑊/𝑚^2.°𝐾 )

30

25

20

Convection
15

10
200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Surface Temperature T10 (K)

As shown in our graph that when temperature increase the

effect of radiation and convection increase, but effect of
radiation is greater than effect convection, mean effect radiation
absorb temperature than effect convection for that it increase
faster at same temperature than convection.

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Discussion:
In this experiment we compare the contribution of heat transfer
by convection with heat transfer by radiation. And we compare
the effect of radiation and effect of convection.
We measure data and we used equation of radiation heat transfer
coefficient (Hr) and convection heat transfer coefficient (Hc),
and we putted our data and we found value for all reading.
In our values we have seen that:
In first reading the heat transfer coefficient Hcm due to natural
convection is greater than the heat transfer coefficient Hrm due
to radiation and the effect of convection is greater.
In second reading we can say the heat transfer coefficient Hcm
due to natural convection is less than the heat transfer coefficient
Hrm due to radiation and the effect of convection is normal
effect.
In third reading effect of radiation is greater and it has less effect
than level dominant mean temperature smaller than 400oC.
In fourth reading the temperature greater than 400oC the effect of
radiation becomes dominant.
In fifth reading temperature are so greater than 400oC and it
mean effect of radiation is so greeter and become more
dominant.
When we increase temperature heat transfer coefficient increase,
effect of radiation increase because it is blackbody and it have
greater emissivity.

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