(2022-2023)

Physics project Report

Done By:
Grade: 12-B
ADMISSION NUMBER:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to extend my sincere and heartfelt gratitude

to to our principal, for giving us the opportunity to make

this report and not  letting us use the laboratory chemicals

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which were very necessary in the  completion of this

project 

I am also thankful to., our dear Physics teacher who has

been a great helper, friend and advisor in this endeavor

without whose cooperation,  guidance and encouragement,

this project would not be possible. 

I wish to acknowledge my heartfelt thanks to her for her

constant supervision  over the project and for providing

all the necessary information and details  regarding the

project. Last but not least, I’m very thankful for the

support extended my friends during  the making of this

project; their wisdom and ideas were of a great help to

me. 

INDEX

S. No.  TOPIC  Page No.

1.  Introduction  3

2.  Aim  4

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3.  Apparatus Required 4

4.  Procedure  5

5.  Applications   6

6.  Advantages 7

7.  Disadvantages 7

8.  History of Electric 8

Generators

9.  Conclusion  8

10.  Bibliography  9

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 INTRODUCTION
Electricity is one form of energy that is produced due to flow of
charge. We can use electricity in many ways such as lights,
electric vehicles, running electronic devices as computer,
television etc. Electricity can also be generated by different
methods. Today we are making Electric Generator Science
Project.

Thisproject helps us to understand about Dc motor. With some

common items found around our house like plywood, dc motor,
copper wire, led, etc. 

It is a well known fact that DC motor produce electricity as we

rotate its shaft. And vice versa as electricity is supplied then it
starts to rotate.

As we know property of dc motor. By simply rotation a dc motor

we can produce electricity. Here we use some common materials
like old CD arrangement to rotate shaft of dc motor.

This electricity generator can produce significant power to glow

led. This same concept produces large energy as we enlarge the
scale of motor.

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 AIM
To make a Electric generator in which the LED bulb glows when you
rotate the CD. 

APPARTUS REQUIRED
● DC motor
 
● Pulley according to DC motor shaft size.
 
● LED (light emitting diode)
 
● Led holder 
 
● Nut bolt and washer
 
● Plywood
 
● wooden stands
 
● Some of other basic materials are also needed such as hot melting glue,
pliers, etc.

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 PROCEDURE 

● First of all let us make a wheel. For this take two old
CD and circular cardboard . Apply hot melting glue to
attach this cardboard and CD.
 
● Now glue wooden bar at base plywood.
 
● After this fix nut and bolt with CD and wooden bar. So
that it can rotate freely.
 
● Attach one bamboo stick at the CD. This is our handle
for rotating CD wheel.
 
● Solder Dc motor and led which is then attached at
small wooden .
 
● A rubber band wire is belt for rotating CD wheel that
rotates shaft of DC motor.
 
● Finally as we start rotating the wheel LED starts to
glow.
 

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 APPLICATIONS 

The project that I have made doesn’t have many uses in everyday life, it
is like an experiment to show that the LED bulb glows when the CD
starts to rotate. But we can say that this project helps student to learn
the phenomena of production of electricity. We can learn about DC
motor and its functioning. If this type of project is made on a large
scale, then it will be helpful for many reasons such as:
 
 
1)They are often used as either backup power or even primary power
for farming operations, as well as portable power for working on hard-
to-reach locations.
 
 
2)Generators are synonymous with disaster preparedness and
emergency use is one of their most common jobs. Generators’
usefulness during a natural disaster such as a hurricane or flood that
knocks out power for days on end ranges from convenient to downright
life-saving.
 
 
3)Like construction sites, mines are often primitive environments that
depend on generators to get things done. An estimated 70% of the
average mining operation’s electricity comes from generated
electricity, which powers shovels, drills, and excavators. It also lights
the tunnels deep underground to allow the miners to work.
 
 
 
 
 

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 ADVANTAGES

1)Emergency Power
2)Power for Appliances
3)Recreational Uses
4)Damage Prevention
 
 

DISADVANTAGES
1)High cost of designing
2) Waste in the form of used fuel rods which are very hot and highly
radioactive.
3)Hot water discharged causes thermal pollution to the environment.
4) Risk of accidents which may lead to the leakage of large amounts of
radioactive substances to the environment.
 
 

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 HISTORY OF ELECTRIC GENERATORS

Before the connection between magnetism and electricity was

discovered, electrostatic generators were invented. They operated
on electrostaticprinciples, by using moving electrically charged belts,
plates, and disks that carried charge to a high potential electrode. The
charge was generated using either of two mechanisms: electrostatic
induction or the triboelectric effect. Such generators generated very
high voltageand low current. Because of their inefficiency and the
difficulty of insulating machines that produced very high voltages,
electrostatic generators had low power ratings, and were never used
for generation of commercially significant quantities of electric power.
Their only practical applications were to power early X-ray tubes, and
later in some atomic particle accelerators.

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 CONCLUSION
Electric generators have high cost of designing but it will be very useful
for us when we have a power off at our area. It would help us in many
ways, so I would like to conclude that Electric Generators have its pros
and cons but if we are able to use it wisely it will be very helpful for us.

Bibliography
1)https://youtu.be/HmAsDOSmbDQ
2)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_generator
3) https://www.rigb.org/our-history/iconic-objects/iconic-objects-list/faraday-generator
4) https://byjus.com/physics/the-electric-generator/

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