ARTS

 DIGITAL ART
- One of the most commonly used technology mediums in art is digital technology. Digital
technology refers to electronic devices that use binary code combinations to store and
process data. Artworks that employ digital technology are called digital art.
- Digital technology is also widely used in contemporary art forms such as collages, fine
art photography, installations, and performance art.

 TOOLS FOR DIGITAL ART

- The most commonly used tool in digital art is the computer.
- As early as the 1950s, artists used computers to create images and the first computer art
exhibition was held in New York titled "Computer-Generated Pictures." In 1969, another
exhibition of computer art was held in London. The artworks exhibited there were simple
geometric shapes in various arrangements.
- The hardware are the physical tools used in digital art that typically include the CPU,
monitor, keyboard, mouse, and printer. There are also other hardware or tools that the
artist can use to create a masterpiece such as the graphic tablet and the stylus. These tools
are high-tech versions of the pen and paper.
- The most commonly used type of printers to reproduce artworks are inkjet printers.
They were first developed in 1976. With the inkjet printers, artists are able to produce
high quality art reproductions of their works called giclee prints. The term giclee came
from the French term meaning "to spray." This describes the ability of the inkjet printer
to spray 4 million microscopic drops of ink on the canvas per second. Inks used are high
quality and fade-resistant.
- The software are computer programs that help an artist create art. These are applications
that exist as data in the computer. Unlike the computer hardware, the software can be
copied, updated, corrupted, and deleted.
- The cellular phone has become a part of daily lifestyle that many could not imagine life
without it. The first mobile phone was built by Motorola in the early1970s. It was a bulky
contraption almost the size of a shoe box, and was primarily used for calling.
- In the 1990s, the digital phone evolved, which allowed for clearer, faster, and more
secured signal and services. A decade later, 3G services again upgraded the speed and the
amount of data that can be sent through the cellular signal that allowed for email and
internet services.

o DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY
- Digital photography is a type of digital art. Digital photography uses digital cameras.
Cameras capture images through the use of light that is imprinted on a film. Although
there was earlier technology that was able to transfer images like the camera obscura,
which was used by the Renaissance painters, the earliest example of the modern camera
was built in the 1820s where images were captured through long exposure and the use of
chemical reaction on photographic plates.
- Starting in the 1840s, photographs were used by artists to take pictures of landscapes and
portraits as a basis for their paintings. These photographs lessened the sitting time for the
models while landscape photographs helped the Impressionist painters in their outdoor
landscape paintings.
- In 1884, the founder of Kodak developed cameras that transferred images into film that
were called negatives. In the early twentieth century, colored photographs were
developed.
- In the late nineteenth century, photographic artists such as Alfred Stieglitz (1864-1946)
and Edward Steichen (1879-1973) were instrumental in making photography accepted as
a valid art form.

o DIGITAL CAMERAS
- Digital cameras capture and save images as soft copies that can be downloaded to a
computer or be printed. Since the images are saved as computer files, it is easier to be
viewed, shared, manipulated, printed, and deleted.
- Two types: Point-and-shoot & Digital Single- Lens Reflex Camera
 Point-and-shoot camera
- straightforward. You point the camera to where you want to take a photo of and click.
Due to its simplicity, it is the camera used by most people. It is lightweight and easy to
carry. Most point and-shoot cameras are small enough to be kept inside the pocket.

Digital Single Lens Reflex Camera

- is the one that most professional photographers use. It is the combination of the
processes of the analog film camera and digital photography; Light enters through the
lens and is reflected to a mirror that is captured by an image sensor. They are also bulky
along with different accessories and equipment like the lenses, tripods, etc.

o VIDEO GAMES OR CONSOLE

- Video games are an avenue to showcase digital art, specifically video game art. Video
games are not only a source of entertainment but are also art forms as well.
- The earliest example of video games was made as early as the 1940s, which was a
simulated shooting game. It was followed by other games such as Tennis for Two and
Tic-Tac-Toe. Video games gained popularity with games like Pong and Space Invaders
in the 1970s. Starting in the 1980s, video games from Japan dominated the market but are
steadily being challenged by the United States.
- Some artists modify existing games or create games for their assemblages, installations,
and performance art. One of these artists is Cory Arcangel who is known for modifying
Nintendo game cartridges and using it forhis art. His artwork called Super Mario Clouds
(2002) featured an altered version of Super Mario Bros where the graphics were removed
except for the blue background and the white clouds scrolling from right to left. His video
game art was exhibited in different museums all over the world.

o INTERNET MEME
- An internet meme is defined as a movement, catchphrase, idea, or medium that is spread
from one person through the internet.
- A common internet meme called image macro follows the typical template of a top text
and an image then a bottom text. The text font typically used is Impact and is centered
with a black border. The image is often famous or has gone viral on the internet.

o COMPUTER GRAPHICS
- Images created using the computer are called computer generated imagery (CGI).
Computer graphics are used in a variety of forms; it can be as simple as a company logo
or realistic special effects as seen in films.

o DIGITAL PAINTING
- Using computer software and hardware, digital painting creates artworks that are similar
to that of traditional painting. Digital painting copies the medium and materials used in
traditional painting in a computer software. Digital paintings are often made using
graphic tablets and pen stylus.

o AMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INFORMATION INTERCHANGE (ASCII)

ART
- The early examples of ASCII art were used during the early 1980s when the computers
we’re not yet capable of displaying images. Artists and programmers used letters,
numbers, and keyboard symbols to create images. This was adapted during the early
history of cellular phones when it did not have the capability to display complex images.
- One of the earliest examples of ASCII art was made by computer graphic artist Kenneth
Knowlton in 1966. It wa titled "Studies in Perception I." It was an ASCII mural that
measures 5" x 10"; it features a reclining nude. It was exhibited in the Museum of
Modern Art in New York City from 1968 to 1969.

o RUNNING ART
- They use the said capabilities and run around the city. Their trail is traced through GPS
and recorded in the running app. Many artists do not just run, but also create images with
their trail; this is also known as running art. One of the most publicized examples of this
 was made by Tokyo-based performance artist, Joseph Tame, who recreated the Apple
company logo as tribute to its founder Steve Jobs upon his death.

o GAME ART DESIGN

- Game art design starts with the concept or an idea. Designers start early on and decide
what kind of game it would be. Whether it is a fighting game, adventure game, puzzle
game, etc. Also, during the early stages of game design, the basic storyline or premise of
the game is conceived.
- Video games as a basis for art come in various forms. The most familiar is called game
art design. This is the visual and design elements of a video game. This includes
character design, landscape, design settings, etc.
- The Smithsonian American Art Museum in the United States created an exhibition in
2012 titled "The Art of Video Games" that featured the evolution of the artworks used in
video games. It was on display in the museum for 6 months, after which it was exhibited
in other art museums throughout the United States. The Museum of Modern Art in New
York City has in its permanent collection as of writing 20 different video games

o ART GAMES
- Some video games are from the start designed as artistic pieces that have game
interaction. These are called art games. Art games are often used as part of a performance
art or an installation.
- An example of an art game is the system called Pain Station. Made in 2001 as an
interactive art piece, this artwork features the classic game of Pong that is connected to a
sensor that makes the player feel different types of feedback such as heat, electric shock,
and whips depending on the progress of the player.